1. astanga-hridaya-sutrasthan-handbook

[ Sutra 1. ]

-- Translation -- Salutations

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रागादि रोगान् सततान् शक्तितान् शेषकायप्रतान् शेषान् मौतस्क्यमोहरतिदाऽऽरुजधान्‌

-- Translation -- यो अपूर्ववैद्याय नमो अस्तु तस्मै

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-- Translation -- This salutation is done to Lord Dhanwantari.

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[ Sutra 2. ]

-- Translation -- Purpose of life: Essential quality to learn Ayurveda

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आयुः कामायमानेन धर्मार्थ सुखसाधनम्‌ | आयुर्वेदोपदेशेषु विधेयः परमार्थः ॥

-- Translation -- āyu: kāmāyamānena dharmārtha sukhasādhanam | āyurvedopadeśeṣu vidheya: paramādara: ||

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[ Sutra 3. ]

-- Translation -- Origin of Ayurveda

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ब्रह्मा स्मृत्वा आयुषो वेदं प्रजापतिमजिहेत्सो अश्विनौ तौ सहसाक्षं सो अत्रिपुत्रादिकान्मुनोन्ते

-- Translation -- अग्निवेशादिकांस्ते डु पृथक् तन्त्राणि तेनिरे

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तेभ्यो अतिविप्रकीर्ण्यभ्र्यः प्रायः सारतरोच्चयः क्रियते अष्टाङ्गहृदयं नातिसंक्षेपविस्तरम्

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कायबालग्रहोद्ध्वाड्ग शल्यदंष्ट्रा जरावृषन् || अष्टावङ्गानि तस्याहु: चिकित्सा येषु संश्रिता | kāyabālagrahodhvāṅga śalyadamṣṭrā jarāvr̥ṣān || aṣṭāvaṅgāni tasyāhu: cikitsā yeṣu samśritā |

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वायु: पित्तं कफश्चेति त्रयो दोषा: समासतः || विकृताऽविकृता देहं घ्नन्ति ते वर्त्तयन्ति च | vāyu: pittam kaphaśceti trayo doṣā: samāsata: || vikṛtā'vikṛtā deham ghnanti te varttayanti ca |

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ते व्यापिनोऽपि हृन्नाभ्योरधोमध्योर्ध्व संश्रया: || वयोऽहोरात्रिभुक्तानां तेऽन्त्रमध्यादिगाः क्रमाात् | te vyāpino'pi hṛnnābhyoradhomadhyordhva samśrayā: || vayohorātribhuktānāṃ te'ntramadhyādigāḥ kramāt |

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तेभ्यो अतिविप्रकीर्ण्यभ्र्यः प्रायः सारतरोच्चयः क्रियते अष्टाङ्गहृदयं नातिसंक्षेपविस्तरम्

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कायबालग्रहोद्ध्वाड्‌ग शल्यदंष्ट्रा जरावृषन् || अष्टावङ्गानि तस्याहु: चिकित्सा येषु संश्रिता | kāyabālagrahorhvvāṅga śalyadaṃṣṭrā jarāvr̥ṣān || aṣṭāvaṅgāni tasyāhu: cikitsā yeṣu saṃśritā |

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वायु: पित्तं कफश्चेति त्रयो दोषा: समासतः || विकृताऽविकृता देहं घ्नन्ति ते वर्त्तयन्ति च | vāyu: pittam kaphaśceti trayo doṣā: samāsata: || vikṛtā'vikṛtā deham ghnanti te varttayanti ca |

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ते व्यापिनोऽपि हृन्नाभ्योरधोमध्योर्ध्व संश्रया: || वयोऽहोरात्रिभुक्तानां तेऽन्त्रमध्यादिगाः क्रमाात् | te vyāpino'pi hr̥nnābhyoradhomadhyordhva saṃśrayā: || vayohorātribhuktānāṃ te'ntramadhyādigāḥ kramāt |

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तैर्भवेद्विषमः । तीक्ष्णो मन्दश्चाग्निः समैः समः ॥

-- Translation -- tairbhavedviṣamaḥ | tīkṣṇo mandaścāgniḥ samaiḥ samaḥ ||

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कोष्ठः क्रूरो मृदुमध्ययो मध्यः स्यात्तैः समैरपि ।

-- Translation -- koṣṭhaḥ krūro mṛdumadhyayo madhyaḥ syāttaiḥ samairapi |

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शुक्रार्तवस्थैः । जन्मादौ विशिष्टैव विशिष्टक्रमे: ॥ तैश्च तिस्रः प्रकृतयो हीनमध्योत्तमाः पृथक् । समधातुः समस्तासु श्रेष्ठा निन्द्या द्विदोषजा ॥

-- Translation -- śukrārtavasthaiḥ | janmādau viśeṣaiva viṣakṛme: || taiśca tisraḥ prakṛtayo hīnamadhyottamāḥ pṛthak | samadhātuḥ samastāsu śreṣṭhā nindyā dvidōṣajā ||

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तैर्भवेद्विषमः । तीक्ष्णो मन्दश्चाग्निः समैः समः ॥

-- Translation -- tairbhavedviṣamaḥ | tīkṣṇo mandaścāgniḥ samaiḥ samaḥ ||

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कोष्ठः क्रूरो मृदुमध्ययो मध्यः स्यात्तैः समैरपि ।

-- Translation -- koṣṭhaḥ krūro mṛdumadhyayo madhyaḥ syāttaiḥ samairapi |

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शुक्रार्तवस्थैः । जन्मादौ विशिष्टैव विशिष्टक्रमे: ॥ तैश्च तिस्रः प्रकृतयो हीनमध्योत्तमाः पृथक् । समधातुः समस्तासु श्रेष्ठा निन्द्या द्विदोषजा ॥

-- Translation -- śukrārtavasthaiḥ | janmādau viśeṣaiva viśakṛme: || taiśca tisraḥ prakṛtayo hīnamadhyottamāḥ pṛthak | samadhātuḥ samastāsu śreṣṭhā nindyā dvidōṣajā ||

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-- Translation -- Tridosha body type - influenced equally by Vata, Pitta and Kapha is considered the best quality.

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-- Translation -- Dual body types, Like Vata-Pitta, Pitta-Kapha, Vata-Kapha body types are considered as not good.

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[ Sutra 5 ]

तत्र रूक्षो लघु: शीत: खर: सूक्ष्मश्चलोऽनिल: ।।

-- Translation -- tatra rūkṣo laghu: śīta: khara: sūkṣmaścalo'nila: ||

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पित्तं सस्नेह तीक्ष्णोष्णं लघु विस्रं सरं द्रवम् ।

-- Translation -- pittam sasneha tīkṣṇoṣṇaṃ laghu visraṃ saraṃ dravam |

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स्निग्ध: शीतो गुरुम्न्द: श्लक्ष्णो मृत्त्स्न: स्थिर: कफ: ।।

-- Translation -- snigdha: śīto gururmnda: ślakṣṇo mrtsna: sthira: kapha: ||

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संमर्ग: सन्निपातश्च तद्विवृत्तिक्षयोपत:

-- Translation -- samsarga: sannipātaśca tadvṛttikṣayopata:

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रस असृक् मांस मेदो अस्थि मज्ज शुक्राणि धातव: । सप्त दूष्याः मलाः मूत्र शङ्कृत स्वेदादयोऽपि च ।।

-- Translation -- rasa asṛk mānsa medo asthi majja śukrāṇi dhātava: | sapta dūṣyā: malā: mūtra śaṅkṛta svedādayo'pi ca ||

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[ Sutra 10.5 ]

तत्र रूक्षो लघुः शीतः खरः सूक्ष्मश्चलोऽनिलः ॥

-- Translation -- tatra rūkṣo laghuḥ śītaḥ kharaḥ sūkṣmaścalo'nilaḥ ||

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[ Sutra 11. ]

पित्तं सस्नेह तीक्ष्णोष्णं लघु विषं सरं द्रवम् ।

-- Translation -- pittam sasneha tīkṣṇoṣṇaṁ laghu visraṁ saraṁ dravam |

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[ Sutra 12. ]

स्निग्धः शीतोगुरुमन्दः श्लक्ष्णो मृत्त्स्नः स्थिरः कफः ॥

-- Translation -- snigdhaḥ śīto gurumandaḥ ślakṣṇo mṛtsnaḥ sthiraḥ kaphaḥ ||

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संघ्र्गः सन्निपातश्च तद्वृद्धित्रिक्षयोपत

-- Translation -- saṁsargaḥ sannipātaśca tadvṛddhitrikṣayopata

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[ Sutra 13. ]

रस असृङ् मांस मेदो अस्थि मज्ज शुक्राणि धातवः । सप्त दूष्याः मलाः मूत्र शकृत स्वेदादयोऽपि च ॥

-- Translation -- rasa asṛk mānsa medo asthi majja śukrāṇi dhātavaḥ | sapta dūṣyāḥ malāḥ mūtra śakṛt svedādayo'pi ca ||

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-- Translation --

1. Rasa - the first product of digestion, Soon after digestion of food, the digested food turns into Rasa. It is grossly compared to lymph or plasma. But it is not a complete comparison.

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-- Translation -- 2. Rakta - Also called as Asruk. - Blood

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-- Translation -- 3. Mamsa - Muscle

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-- Translation -- 4. Meda - Fat tissue

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-- Translation -- 5. Asthi - Bones and cartilages

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-- Translation -- 6. Majja - Bone marrow

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-- Translation -- 7. Shukra - Semen / Ovum or entire male and female genital tract and its secretions are grossly covered under this heading.

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-- Translation -- Mala - waste products Shakrut / Pureesha - (faeces), Sweda (sweat) and Mootra (urine) are the three waste products of the body.

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वृद्धिः समानैः सर्वेषां विपरीतैः विपर्ययः ।

-- Translation -- vṛddhiḥ samānaiḥ sarveṣāṃ viparītaiḥ viparyayaḥ |

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-- Translation -- For example, dryness is the quality of Vata. If a Vata body type person exposes himself to dry cold weather, his dryness and in turn Vata will increase, leading to dry skin. In the same way, oiliness is opposite quality of dryness. If he applies oil to the skin, then the dryness and related Vata is decreased.

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रसाः स्वाद्वम्ललवणतिक्तोषणकषायकाः षड्‌ द्व्यमाश्रितास्ते च यथापूर्वं बलावहाः

-- Translation -- Svadhu - Madhura - sweet, Amla - Sour, Lavana - Salt, Tikta - Bitter, Ushna - Katu - Pungent, Kashaya - Astringent are the six types of Rasa.

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तत्राद्या मारुतं घ्नन्ति त्रयः तिक्तादयः कफम् ।

-- Translation -- tatrādyā mārutaṃ ghnanti trayaḥ tiktādayaḥ kapham |

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कषाय तिक्त मधुरा: पित्तमन्ये तु कुर्वते ॥

-- Translation -- kaṣāya tikta madhurā: pittamanye tu kurvate ‖

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-- Translation --

1. Rasa - the first product of digestion, Soon after digestion of food, the digested food turns into Rasa. It is grossly compared to lymph or plasma. But it is not a complete comparison.

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-- Translation -- 2. Rakta - Also called as Asruk. - Blood

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-- Translation -- 3. Mamsa - Muscle

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-- Translation -- 4. Meda - Fat tissue

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-- Translation -- 5. Asthi - Bones and cartilages

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-- Translation -- 6. Majja - Bone marrow

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-- Translation -- 7. Shukra - Semen / Ovum or entire male and female genital tract and its secretions are grossly covered under this heading.

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-- Translation -- Mala - waste products Shakrut / Pureesha - (faeces), Sweda (sweat) and Mootra (urine) are the three waste products of the body.

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[ Sutra 13.5 ]

-- Translation -- Nature of increase and decrease

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वृद्धिः समानैः सर्वेषां विपरीतैः विपर्ययः ।

-- Translation -- vṛddhiḥ samānaiḥ sarveṣāṃ viparītaiḥ viparyayaḥ |

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-- Translation -- For example, dryness is the quality of Vata. If a Vata body type person exposes himself to dry cold weather, his dryness and in turn Vata will increase, leading to dry skin. In the same way, oiliness is opposite quality of dryness. If he applies oil to the skin, then the dryness and related Vata is decreased.

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[ Sutra 13.5 ]

-- Translation -- Six tastes

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रसाः स्वाद्वम्ललवणतिक्तोषणकषायाः षड् द्व्यमाश्रितास्ते च यथापूर्वं बलावहाः

-- Translation -- Rasāḥ Svādu - Madhura - sweet, Amla - Sour, Lavana - Salt, Tikta - Bitter, Ushna - Katu - Pungent, Kashaya - Astringent are the six types of Rasa.

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-- Translation -- They are successively lower in energy. That means, Sweet taste imparts maximum energy to body and the astringent, the least.

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[ Sutra 14. ]

-- Translation -- Effect of tastes on Tridosha

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तत्राद्या मारुतं घ्नन्ति त्रयः तिक्तादयः कफम् । कषाय तिक्त मधुराः पित्तमन्ये तु कुर्वते ॥

-- Translation -- tatrādyā mārutaṃ ghnanti trayaḥ tiktādayaḥ kapham | kaṣāya tikta madhurāḥ pittamanye tu kurvate ||

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-- Translation -- In the list of tastes, the first three, i.e. Sweet, sour and salt mitigates Vata and increases Kapha. The last three, i.e. bitter, pungent and astringent tastes mitigates Kapha and increases Vata Astringent, bitter and sweet taste mitigates Pitta. Sour, salt and pungent tastes increase Pitta.

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-- Translation -- Page No. 6

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-- Translation --

1. Rasa - the first product of digestion, Soon after digestion of food, the digested food turns into Rasa. It is grossly compared to lymph or plasma. But it is not a complete comparison.

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-- Translation -- 2. Rakta - Also called as Asruk. - Blood

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-- Translation -- 3. Mamsa - Muscle

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-- Translation -- 4. Meda - Fat tissue

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-- Translation -- 5. Asthi - Bones and cartilages

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-- Translation -- 6. Majja - Bone marrow

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-- Translation -- 7. Shukra - Semen / Ovum or entire male and female genital tract and its secretions are grossly covered under this heading.

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-- Translation -- Mala - waste products Shakrut / Pureesha - (faeces), Sweda (sweat) and Mootra (urine) are the three waste products of the body.

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-- Translation -- 13.5 Nature of increase and decrease

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वृद्धिः समानैः सर्वेषां विपरीतैः विपर्ययः ।

-- Translation -- vṛddhiḥ samānaiḥ sarveṣāṃ viparītaiḥ viparyayaḥ |

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-- Translation -- For example, dryness is the quality of Vata. If a Vata body type person exposes himself to dry cold weather, his dryness and in turn Vata will increase, leading to dry skin. In the same way, oiliness is opposite quality of dryness. If he applies oil to the skin, then the dryness and related Vata is decreased.

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-- Translation -- 13.5 Six tastes

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रसाः स्वाद्वम्ललवणतिक्तोषणकषायकाः षड्‌ द्व्यमाश्रितास्ते च यथापूर्वं बलावहाः

-- Translation -- rasāḥ svādvamlavanatiktōṣaṇakaṣāyakāḥ ṣaḍ dvyamāśritāste ca yathāpūrvaṃ balāvahāḥ

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-- Translation -- 14. Effect of tastes on Tridosha

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तत्राद्या मारुतं घ्नन्ति त्रयः तिक्तादयः कफम् ।

-- Translation -- tatrādyā mārutaṃ ghnanti trayaḥ tiktādayaḥ kapham |

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कषाय तिक्त मधुरा: पित्तमन्ये तु कुर्वते ॥

-- Translation -- kaṣāya tikta madhurāḥ pittamanye tu kurvate ‖

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-- Translation -- Page No. 6

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-- Translation -- Types of food substances:

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-- Translation -- Shamana – Food that brings down the increased Dosha to normalcy

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-- Translation -- Kopana – Food that increases the lowered Dosha to normalcy

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-- Translation -- Swasthahita - Food that maintains the normalcy of Tridosha and health.

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-- Translation -- Types of Potency (Veerya)

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-- Translation -- Ushna veerya (Hot potency) -Some food items are hot in nature. For example pepper

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-- Translation -- Sheeta veerya (cold potency) - Some food items are cold in nature. For example milk.

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-- Translation -- These are the two types of potencies. Generally, substances that have Astringent, bitter and sweet tastes are coolant in nature and Sour, salt and pungent tastes are hot in nature.

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-- Translation -- Three types of Vipaka

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-- Translation -- Vipaka refers to conversion of taste after initial phase of digestion.

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-- Translation -- Madhura Vipaka (sweet) – Generally, Sweet, and salt tastes undergo this Vipaka.

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-- Translation -- Amla Vipaka (Sour) – Sour taste undergoes this Vipaka

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-- Translation -- Katu Vipaka - rest of the tastes - Bitter, astringent and pungent tastes undergo this Vipaka.

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[ Sutra 18. ]

गुरु लघु हिम स्निग्धः श्लक्ष्णः सान्द्रः मृदु स्थिराः | गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशादः: विशतः स विपर्ययाः ॥

-- Translation -- – Twenty types of qualities

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[ Sutra 18. ]

गुरु लघु हिम स्निग्धः श्लक्ष्णः सान्द्रः मृदु स्थिराः | गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशादः: विशतः स विपर्ययाः ॥

-- Translation -- guru manda hima snigdha ślakṣṇa sāndra mr̥du sthirāḥ | guṇāḥ sasūkṣma viśadāḥ: viṁśatiḥ sa viparyayāḥ ||

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-- Translation -- Guru(heavy) X laghu (light in weight)

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-- Translation -- Manda(slow) X tiksna(quick,fast)

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-- Translation -- Hima (cold) X ushna (hot)

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-- Translation -- Snighda (unctuous) X ruksa (dry)

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-- Translation -- Slaksna (smooth) X khara (rough)

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-- Translation -- Sandara (solid) X drava (liquid)

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-- Translation -- Mrdu (soft) X kathina (hard)

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-- Translation -- Sthira (stable) X cala (moving, unstable)

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-- Translation -- Suksma (stable, small) X sthula (big,gross)

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-- Translation -- Vishada (non slimy) X picchila (slimy)

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[ Sutra 19. ]

कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः | सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम् ॥

-- Translation -- Cause for health and disease:

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[ Sutra 19. ]

कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः | सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम् ॥

-- Translation -- kālārthakarmanāṁ yogo hīnamithyātimātrakaḥ | samyagyogaśca vijñeyo rogārogyaika kāraṇam ||

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-- Translation -- Less, more or wrong unison of time, senses and functions is the reason for disease and the right unison of these three factors is the reason for health. (Explained detail in further chapters).

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-- Translation -- Types of food substances:

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-- Translation -- Shamana - Food that brings down the increased Dosha to normalcy

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-- Translation -- Kopana - Food that increases the lowered Dosha to normalcy

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-- Translation -- Swasthahita - Food that maintains the normalcy of Tridosha and health.

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-- Translation -- Types of Potency (Veerya)

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-- Translation -- Ushna veerya (Hot potency) -Some food items are hot in nature. For example pepper

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-- Translation -- Sheeta veerya (cold potency) - Some food items are cold in nature. For example milk.

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-- Translation -- These are the two types of potencies. Generally, substances that have Astringent, bitter and sweet tastes are coolant in nature and Sour, salt and pungent tastes are hot in nature.

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-- Translation -- Three types of Vipaka

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-- Translation -- Vipaka refers to conversion of taste after initial phase of digestion.

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-- Translation -- Madhura Vipaka (sweet) - Generally, Sweet, and salt tastes undergo this Vipaka.

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-- Translation -- Amla Vipaka (Sour) - Sour taste undergoes this Vipaka

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-- Translation -- Katu Vipaka - rest of the tastes - Bitter, astringent and pungent tastes undergo this Vipaka.

· · ·

[ Sutra 18. ]

गुरू लघु मन्द तीक्ष्णः स्निग्धः रूक्षः श्लक्ष्णः सान्द्रः मृदु स्थिराः | गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशादः: विशतः स विपर्ययाः ॥

-- Translation --

• Twenty types of qualities

· · ·

[ Sutra 18. ]

गुरू मन्द हिम स्निग्धः श्लक्ष्णः सान्द्रः मृदु स्थिराः | गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशादः: विशतः स विपर्ययाः ॥

-- Translation -- guru manda hima snigdha ślakṣṇa sāndra mrdu sthirāḥ | guṇāḥ sasūkṣma viśadāḥ: viśataḥ sa viparyayāḥ ||

· · ·

-- Translation -- Guru(heavy) X laghu (light in weight)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Manda(slow) X tiksna(quick,fast)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hima (cold) X ushna (hot)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snighda (unctuous) X ruksa (dry)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Slaksna (smooth) X khara (rough)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sandra (solid) X drava (liquid)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mrdu (soft) X kathina (hard)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sthira (stable) X cala (moving, unstable)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suksma (stable, small) X sthula (big,gross)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vishada (non slimy) X picchila (slimy)

· · ·

[ Sutra 19. ]

कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः | सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम् ॥

-- Translation -- Cause for health and disease:

· · ·

[ Sutra 19. ]

कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः | सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम् ॥

-- Translation -- kālārthakarmanāṃ yogo hīnamithyātimātrakaḥ | samyagyogaśca vijñeyo rogārogyaika kāraṇam ||

· · ·

-- Translation -- Less, more or wrong unison of time, senses and functions is the reason for disease and the right unison of these three factors is the reason for health. (Explained detail in further chapters).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Types of food substances:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shamana – Food that brings down the increased Dosha to normalcy

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kopana – Food that increases the lowered Dosha to normalcy

· · ·

-- Translation -- Swasthahita - Food that maintains the normalcy of Tridosha and health.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Types of Potency (Veerya)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ushna veerya (Hot potency) -Some food items are hot in nature. For example pepper

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sheeta veerya (cold potency) - Some food items are cold in nature. For example milk.

· · ·

-- Translation -- These are the two types of potencies. Generally, substances that have Astringent, bitter and sweet tastes are coolant in nature and Sour, salt and pungent tastes are hot in nature.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Three types of Vipaka

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vipaka refers to conversion of taste after initial phase of digestion.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Madhura Vipaka (sweet) – Generally, Sweet, and salt tastes undergo this Vipaka.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Amla Vipaka (Sour) – Sour taste undergoes this Vipaka

· · ·

-- Translation -- Katu Vipaka - rest of the tastes - Bitter, astringent and pungent tastes undergo this Vipaka.

· · ·

[ Sutra 18. ]

गुरू लघु मन्द तीक्ष्णः स्निग्धः रूक्षः श्लक्ष्णः सान्द्रः मृदु स्थिराः | गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशादः: विशतः स विपर्ययाः ॥

-- Translation --

• Twenty types of qualities

· · ·

[ Sutra 18. ]

गुरू मन्दः हिम स्निग्धः श्लक्ष्णः सान्द्रः मृदु स्थिराः | गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशादः: विशतः स विपर्ययाः ॥

-- Translation -- guru manda hima snigdha ślakṣṇa sāndra mr̥du sthirāḥ | guṇāḥ sasūkṣma viśadāḥ: viṁśatiḥ sa viparyayāḥ ||

· · ·

-- Translation -- Guru(heavy) X laghu (light in weight)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Manda(slow) X tiksna(quick,fast)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hima (cold) X ushna (hot)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snighda (unctuous) X ruksa (dry)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Slaksna (smooth) X khara (rough)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sandara (solid) X drava (liquid)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mrdu (soft) X kathina (hard)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sthira (stable) X cala (moving, unstable)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suksma (stable, small) X sthula (big,gross)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vishada (non slimy) X picchila (slimy)

· · ·

[ Sutra 19. ]

कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः | सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम् ॥

-- Translation -- Cause for health and disease:

· · ·

[ Sutra 19. ]

कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः | सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम् ॥

-- Translation -- kālārthakarmanāṃ yogo hīnamithyātimātrak: | samyagyogaśca vijñeyo rogārogyaika kāraṇam ||

· · ·

-- Translation -- Less, more or wrong unison of time, senses and functions is the reason for disease and the right unison of these three factors is the reason for health. (Explained detail in further chapters).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Types of food substances:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shamana – Food that brings down the increased Dosha to normalcy

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kopana – Food that increases the lowered Dosha to normalcy

· · ·

-- Translation -- Swasthahita - Food that maintains the normalcy of Tridosha and health.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Types of Potency (Veerya)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ushna veerya (Hot potency) -Some food items are hot in nature. For example pepper

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sheeta veerya (cold potency) - Some food items are cold in nature. For example milk.

· · ·

-- Translation -- These are the two types of potencies. Generally, substances that have Astringent, bitter and sweet tastes are coolant in nature and Sour, salt and pungent tastes are hot in nature.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Three types of Vipaka

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vipaka refers to conversion of taste after initial phase of digestion.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Madhura Vipaka (sweet) – Generally, Sweet, and salt tastes undergo this Vipaka.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Amla Vipaka (Sour) – Sour taste undergoes this Vipaka

· · ·

-- Translation -- Katu Vipaka - rest of the tastes - Bitter, astringent and pungent tastes undergo this Vipaka.

· · ·

[ Sutra 18. ]

गुरू लघु मन्द तीक्ष्णः स्निग्धः रूक्षः श्लक्ष्णः सान्द्रः मृदु स्थिराः | गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशादः: शीतः: स विपर्ययाः ॥

-- Translation -- Twenty types of qualities

· · ·

[ Sutra 18. ]

गुरू लघु मन्द तीक्ष्णः स्निग्धः रूक्षः श्लक्ष्णः सान्द्रः मृदु स्थिराः | गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशादः: शीतः: स विपर्ययाः ॥

-- Translation -- guru manda hima snigdha ślakṣṇa sāndra mrdu sthirāḥ | guṇāḥ sasūkṣma viśadāḥ: vīśatiḥ: sa viparyayāḥ ||

· · ·

-- Translation -- Guru(heavy) X laghu (light in weight)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Manda(slow) X tiksna(quick,fast)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hima (cold) X ushna (hot)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snighda (unctuous) X ruksa (dry)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Slaksna (smooth) X khara (rough)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sandara (solid) X drava (liquid)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mrdu (soft) X kathina (hard)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sthira (stable) X cala (moving, unstable)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suksma (stable, small) X sthula (big,gross)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vishada (non slimy) X picchila (slimy)

· · ·

[ Sutra 19. ]

कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः | सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम् ॥

-- Translation -- Cause for health and disease:

· · ·

[ Sutra 19. ]

कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः | सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम् ॥

-- Translation -- kālārthakarmanāṃ yogo hīnamithyātimātrakaḥ | samyagyogaśca vijñeyo rogārogyaika kāraṇam ||

· · ·

-- Translation -- Less, more or wrong unison of time, senses and functions is the reason for disease and the right unison of these three factors is the reason for health. (Explained detail in further chapters).

· · ·

रोगस्तु दोषवैषम्यं दोष साम्यं अरोगता ।

-- Translation -- rogastu doṣavaiṣamyaṃ doṣa sāmyam arogatā |

· · ·

निजागन्तु विभागेन तत्र रोगा द्विविधा स्मृताः:

-- Translation -- nijāgantu vibhāgena tatra rogā dvividhā smṛtāḥ:

· · ·

तेषां कायमनोभेदादिष्ठानामपि द्विविधारजस्तमश्च मनसो द्वौ च दोषावुदाहतौ

-- Translation -- teṣāṃ kāyamanomedādiṣṭhānāmpi dvividhārajastamaśca manaso dvau ca doṣāvudāhtau

· · ·

दर्शनस्पर्शनप्रश्ने: परीक्षेत च रोगिणम्

-- Translation -- darśanasparśanapraśne: pārīkṣeta ca rogiṇam

· · ·

रोगं निदानप्राग्रूपलक्षणोपशयापतिभिः:

-- Translation -- rogaṃ nidānaprāgrūpalakṣaṇopaśayāpitibhiḥ:

· · ·

भूमिदेहप्रभेदनं देशमाहुरिह द्वविधाजडगतं वातभूयिष्ठमनूपं तु कफोल्बणं साधारणं सममलं त्रिधा भूदेशमादिशेत्

-- Translation -- bhūmidehaprabhedaṃ deśamāhuriha dvividhāJadgalaṃ vātabhūyiṣṭhamanūpaṃ tu kapholbaṇaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ samamalaṃ tridhā bhūdeśamādiśet

· · ·

रोगस्तु दोषवैषम्यं दोष साम्यं अरोगता ।

-- Translation -- rogastu doṣavaiṣamyaṃ doṣa sāmyam arogatā |

· · ·

निजागन्तु विभागेन तत्र रोगा द्विविधा स्मृता:

-- Translation -- nijāgantu vibhāgena tatra rogā dvividhā smṛtā:

· · ·

तेषां कायमनोमेंदादिष्ठानामपि द्विधारजस्तमश्च मनसो द्वौ च दोषावुदाहतौ

-- Translation -- teṣāṃ kāyamanomedādiṣṭhānāmpi dvidhārajasstamaśca manaso dvau ca doṣāvudāhtau

· · ·

दर्शनस्पर्शनप्रश्ने: परीक्षेत च रोगिणम्

-- Translation -- darśanasparśanapraśne: pārīkṣet ca rogiṇam

· · ·

रोगं निदानप्राग्रूपलक्षणोपशयापितिभि:

-- Translation -- rogaṃ nidānagrāūpalakṣaṇopaśayāpitibhi:

· · ·

भूमिदेहप्रभेदनं देशमाहुरिह द्वविधाझड्गलं वातभूयिष्ठमनूपं तु कफोल्बणंसाधारणं सममलं त्रिधा भूदेशमादिशेत्

-- Translation -- bhūmidehaprabhedaṃ deśamāhurih dvividhāḍgalaṃ vātabhūyiṣṭhamanūpaṃ tu kafolbaṇaṃsādhāraṇaṃ samamalaṃ tridhā bhūdeśamādiśet

· · ·

रोगस्तु दोषवैषम्यं दोष साम्यं अरोगता ।

-- Translation -- rogastu doṣavaiṣamyaṃ doṣa sāmyam arogatā |

· · ·

निजागन्तु विभागेन तत्र रोगा द्विविधा स्मृता:

-- Translation -- nijāgantu vibhāgena tatra rogā dvividhā smṛtā:

· · ·

तेषां कायमनोभेदादिष्ठानामपि द्विधारजस्तमश्च मनसो द्वौ च दोषावुदाहतौ

-- Translation -- teṣāṃ kāyamanomedādiṣṭhānāmpi dvidhārajasstamaśca manaso dvau ca doṣāvudāhtau

· · ·

दर्शनस्पर्शनप्रश्ने: परीक्षेत च रोगिणम्

-- Translation -- darśanasparśanapraśne: parīkṣeta ca rogiṇam

· · ·

रोगं निदानप्राग्रूपलक्षणोपशयापितिभि:

-- Translation -- rogaṃ nidānaprāgrūpalakṣaṇopaśayāpitibhi:

· · ·

भूमिदेहप्रभेदन देशमाहुरिह द्वविधाऽऽड्गलं वातभूयिष्ठमनूपं तु कफोल्बणं साधारणं सममलं त्रिधा भूदेशमादिशेत्

-- Translation -- bhūmidehaprabhedan deśamāhuriha dvividhā'āḍgalam vātabhūyiṣṭhamanūpaṃ tu kapholbaṇaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ samamalaṃ tridhā bhūdeśamādiśet

· · ·

रोगस्तु दोषवैषम्यं दोष साम्यं अरोगता ।

-- Translation -- rogastu doṣavaiṣamyaṃ doṣa sāmyam arogatā |

· · ·

निजागन्तु विभागेन तत्र रोगा द्विविधा स्मृता:

-- Translation -- nijāgantu vibhāgena tatra rogā dvividhā smṛtā:

· · ·

तेषां कायमनोमेंदादिष्ठानामपि द्विधारजस्तमश्च मनसो द्वौ च दोषावुदाहतौ

-- Translation -- teṣāṃ kāyamanomedaādhiṣṭhānāmpi dvidhārajastamaśca manaso dvau ca doṣāvudāhtau

· · ·

दर्शनस्पर्शनप्रश्ने: परीक्षेत च रोगिणम्

-- Translation -- darśanasparśanapraśne: parīkṣeta ca rogiṇam

· · ·

रोगं निदानप्राग्रूपलक्षणोपशयापितिभि:

-- Translation -- rogaṃ nidānaprāgrūpalakṣaṇopaśayāpitibhi:

· · ·

भूमिदेहप्रभेदनं देशमाहुरिह द्विविधाजडगतं वातभूयिष्ठमनूपं तु कफोल्बणं साधारणं सममलं त्रिधा भूदेशमादिशेत्

-- Translation -- bhūmidehaprabhedaṃ deśamāhuriha dvividhājiḍagataṃ vātabhūyiṣṭhamanūpaṃ tu kapholbaṇaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ samamalaṃ tridhā bhūdeśamādiśet

· · ·

क्षणादिवर्याधयवस्था च कालो भेषजयोगकृत्

-- Translation -- Two kinds are considered- one is normal time, another - stages of diseases.

· · ·

शोधनं शमनं चेति समासात् औषधं द्वविधा । शरीरजानां दोषाणां क्रमेण परमौषधम् । बस्तिः विरेको वमनं तथा तैल घृतं मधु:

-- Translation -- There are two types of medicines. 1. Shamana - Palliative treatment - which brings the Dosha to normalcy, useful in initial stages of diseases 2. Shodhana – Purification treatment - which expels imbalanced Dosha out of body. – Useful in aggravated stages of diseases.

· · ·

-- Translation -- For Vata – Basti (suppositories) is the Shodhana treatment, and oil is Shamana treatment. For pitta – Virechana (Purgation) is Shodhana and Ghee is Shamana. For Kapha – Vamana (emesis) is Shodhana and Honey is Shamana.

· · ·

धीर्धैर्यात्मादिविज्ञानं मनोदोषौषधं परम्

-- Translation -- Dhee - improving intelligence Dhairya - improving courage Atmavijnana - Self realization are the means to treat mental imbalance.

· · ·

भिषग् द्रव्याण्युपस्थाता रोगी पादचतुष्टयम् चिकित्सतस्य निर्दिष्टं, प्रत्येकं तच्चतुर्गुणम्

-- Translation --

• Bhishag (Doctor), Dravya (medicine), Upastha (Nurse) and Rogi (patient) are the four factors in treatment. Each of these four have further four qualities.

· · ·

क्षणादिवर्याधयवस्था च कालो भेषजयोगकृत्

-- Translation -- Two kinds are considered- one is normal time, another - stages of diseases.

· · ·

शोधनं शमनं चेति समासात् औषधं द्वविधा । शरीरजानां दोषाणां क्रमेण परमौषधम् । बस्तिः विरेको वमनं तथा तैल घृतं मधु:

-- Translation -- There are two types of medicines. 1. Shamana - Palliative treatment - which brings the Dosha to normalcy, useful in initial stages of diseases 2. Shodhana – Purification treatment - which expels imbalanced Dosha out of body. – Useful in aggravated stages of diseases.

· · ·

śodhanaṃ śamanaṃ ceti samāsāt auṣadhaṃ dvidhā || śarīrajānāṃ doṣāṇāṃ kramena paramauṣadham | basti: vireko vamanaṃ tathā taila ghṛtaṃ madhu: ||

-- Translation -- For Vata – Basti (suppositories) is the Shodhana treatment, and oil is Shamana treatment. For pitta – Virechana (Purgation) is Shodhana and Ghee is Shamana. For Kapha – Vamana (emesis) is Shodhana and Honey is Shamana.

· · ·

धीर्धैर्यात्मादिविज्ञानं मनोदोषौषधं परम्

-- Translation -- Dhee - improving intelligence Dhairya - improving courage Atmavijnana - Self realization are the means to treat mental imbalance.

· · ·

भिषग् द्रव्याण्युपस्थाता रोगी पादचतुष्टयम् चिकित्सतस्य निर्दिष्टं, प्रत्येकं तच्चतुर्गुणम्

-- Translation --

• Bhishag (Doctor), Dravya (medicine), Upastha (Nurse) and Rogi (patient) are the four factors in treatment. Each of these four have further four qualities.

· · ·

क्षणादिद्रव्याधयवस्था च कालो भेषजयोगकृत्

-- Translation -- Two kinds are considered- one is normal time, another - stages of diseases.

· · ·

शोधनं शमनं चेति समासात् औषधं द्विविधा । शरीरजानां दोषाणां क्रमेण परमौषधम् । बस्तिः विरेको वमनं तथा तैल घृतं मधु: ॥

-- Translation -- There are two types of medicines. 1. Shamana - Palliative treatment - which brings the Dosha to normalcy, useful in initial stages of diseases 2. Shodhana - Purification treatment - which expels imbalanced Dosha out of body. - Useful in aggravated stages of diseases.

· · ·

-- Translation -- For Vata - Basti (suppositories) is the Shodhana treatment, and oil is Shamana treatment. For pitta - Virechana (Purgation) is Shodhana and Ghee is Shamana. For Kapha - Vamana (emesis) is Shodhana and Honey is Shamana.

· · ·

धीर्धैर्यात्मादिविज्ञानं मनोदोषौषधं परम्

-- Translation -- Dhee - improving intelligence Dhairya - improving courage Atmavijnana - Self realization are the means to treat mental imbalance.

· · ·

भिषग् द्रव्याण्युपस्थाता रोगी पादचतुष्टयम् चिकित्सतस्य निर्दिष्टं, प्रत्येकं तच्चतुर्गुणम्

-- Translation --

• Bhishag (Doctor), Dravya (medicine), Upastha (Nurse) and Rogi (patient) are the four factors in treatment. Each of these four have further four qualities.

· · ·

क्षणादिवर्याधयवस्था च कालो भैषजयोगकृत्

-- Translation -- Two kinds are considered- one is normal time, another - stages of diseases.

· · ·

शोधनं शमनं चेति समासात् औषधं द्विधा । शरीरजानां दोषाणां क्रमेण परमौषधम् । बस्तिः विरेको वमनं तथा तैल घृतं मधु: ॥

-- Translation -- There are two types of medicines. 1. Shamana - Palliative treatment - which brings the Dosha to normalcy, useful in initial stages of diseases 2. Shodhana – Purification treatment - which expels imbalanced Dosha out of body. - Useful in aggravated stages of diseases.

· · ·

śodhanaṃ śamanaṃ ceti samāsāt auṣadhaṃ dvidhā || śarīrajānāṃ doṣāṇāṃ kramena paramauṣadham | basti: vireko vamanaṃ tathā taila ghṛtaṃ madhu: ||

-- Translation -- For Vata - Basti (suppositories) is the Shodhana treatment, and oil is Shamana treatment. For pitta - Virechana (Purgation) is Shodhana and Ghee is Shamana. For Kapha - Vamana (emesis) is Shodhana and Honey is Shamana.

· · ·

धीर्धैर्यात्मादिविज्ञानं मनोदोषौषधं परम्

-- Translation -- Dhee - improving intelligence Dhairya - improving courage Atmavijnana - Self realization are the means to treat mental imbalance.

· · ·

भिषग् द्रव्याण्युपस्थाता रोगी पादचतुष्टयम् चिकित्सतस्य निर्दिष्टं, प्रत्येकं तच्चतुर्गुणम्

-- Translation --

• Bhishag (Doctor), Dravya (medicine), Upastha (Nurse) and Rogi (patient) are the four factors in treatment. Each of these four have further four qualities.

· · ·

क्षणादिद्रव्याधयवस्था च कालो भेषजयोगकृत्

-- Translation -- Two kinds are considered- one is normal time, another - stages of diseases.

· · ·

शोधनं शमनं चेति समासात् औषधं द्वविधा । शरीरजानां दोषाणां क्रमेण परमौषधम् । बस्तिः विरेको वमनं तथा तैल घृतं मद्यः ॥

-- Translation -- There are two types of medicines. 1. Shamana - Palliative treatment - which brings the Dosha to normalcy, useful in initial stages of diseases 2. Shodhana – Purification treatment - which expels imbalanced Dosha out of body. - Useful in aggravated stages of diseases.

· · ·

śodhanaṃ śamanaṃ ceti samāsāt auṣadhaṃ dvidhā || śarīrajānāṃ doṣāṇāṃ kramena paramauṣadham | basti: vireko vamanaṃ tathā taila ghṛtaṃ madhu: ||

-- Translation -- For Vata - Basti (suppositories) is the Shodhana treatment, and oil is Shamana treatment. For pitta - Virechana (Purgation) is Shodhana and Ghee is Shamana. For Kapha - Vamana (emesis) is Shodhana and Honey is Shamana.

· · ·

धीर्धैर्यात्मादिविज्ञानं मनोदोषौषधं परम्

-- Translation -- Dhee - improving intelligence Dhairya - improving courage Atmavijnana - Self realization are the means to treat mental imbalance.

· · ·

भिषग् द्रव्याण्युपस्थाता रोगी पादचतुष्टयम् चिकित्सतस्य निर्दिष्टं, प्रत्येकं तच्चतुर्गुणम्

-- Translation --

• Bhishag (Doctor), Dravya (medicine), Upastha (Nurse) and Rogi (patient) are the four factors in treatment. Each of these four have further four qualities.

· · ·

दक्षः तीर्थीतमशास्त्रार्थों हृष्टकर्मा शुचिरभिषक

-- Translation -- Daksha - Alert, disciplined Shastra - Having detailed knowledge about diseases and treatment. Drushtakarma - Having practical experience Shuchi - Cleanliness

· · ·

बहुकल्पं बहुगुणं संपन्नं योग्यमौषधम्

-- Translation -- Bahukalpa - Ability to formulate in different dosage forms, like decoction, powder, herbal oil etc Bahuguna - Having enormous qualities Sampanna - Endowed with virtues Yogya - suitable and appropriate for specific diseases.

· · ·

अनुरक्तः शुचिर्दक्षो बुद्धिमान् परिचारकः

-- Translation -- Anurakta - Compassion towards patients Shuchi - Cleanliness Daksha - Alert, active Buddhiman - Intelligence

· · ·

आढ्यो रोगी भिषग्वश्यो ज्ञापकः सत्त्ववानपि

-- Translation -- Adya - Rich Bhishagvashya - 100 % obedience towards doctor Jnapaka - Good memory Satvavaan - Having good strength to tolerate disease and treatment.

· · ·

साध्यो असाध्य इति व्याधिर्द्विविधा तौ तु पुनर्द्विविधासुसाध्य: कृच्छ्रसाध्यश्च, याप्यो यश्चानुपक्रमः

-- Translation -- Two main types, which are further divided into two types. Sadhya - Which can be cured. It is of two types - Easy to cure (Sukha Sadhya), Difficult to cure (Krichra Sadhya)

· · ·

दक्षः तीर्थीतातशास्त्रार्थो हष्टकर्मा शुचिरभिषक

-- Translation -- Daksha - Alert, disciplined Shastra - Having detailed knowledge about diseases and treatment. Drushtakarma - Having practical experience Shuchi - Cleanliness

· · ·

बहुकल्पं बहुगुणं संपन्नं योग्यमौषधम्

-- Translation -- Bahukalpa - Ability to formulate in different dosage forms, like decoction, powder, herbal oil etc Bahuguna - Having enormous qualities Sampanna - Endowed with virtues Yogya - suitable and appropriate for specific diseases.

· · ·

अनुरक्तः शुचिर्दक्षो बुद्धिमान् परिचारकः

-- Translation -- Anurakta - Compassion towards patients Shuchi - Cleanliness Daksha - Alert, active Buddhiman - Intelligence

· · ·

आद्यो रोगी भिषग्वश्यो ज्ञापकः सत्त्ववानपि

-- Translation -- Adya - Rich Bhishagvashya - 100 % obedience towards doctor Jnapaka - Good memory Satvavaan - Having good strength to tolerate disease and treatment.

· · ·

साध्यो असाध्य इति व्याधिर्द्विविधा तौ तु पुनर्द्विविधासुसाध्य: कृच्छ्रसाध्यश्च, याप्यो यश्चानुपक्रमः

-- Translation -- Two main types, which are further divided into two types. Sadhya - Which can be cured. It is of two types - Easy to cure (Sukha Sadhya), Difficult to cure (Krichra Sadhya)

· · ·

दक्षः तीर्थ्याततशास्त्रार्थो हष्टकर्मा शुचिरभिषक

-- Translation -- Daksha - Alert, disciplined Shastra - Having detailed knowledge about diseases and treatment. Drushtakarma - Having practical experience Shuchi - Cleanliness

· · ·

बहुकल्पं बहुगुणं संपन्नं योग्यमौषधम्

-- Translation -- Bahukalpa - Ability to formulate in different dosage forms, like decoction, powder, herbal oil etc Bahuguna - Having enormous qualities Sampanna - Endowed with virtues Yogya - suitable and appropriate for specific diseases.

· · ·

अनुरक्तः शुचिर्दक्षो बुद्धिमान् परिचारकः

-- Translation -- Anurakta - Compassion towards patients Shuchi - Cleanliness Daksha - Alert, active Buddhiman - Intelligence

· · ·

आद्यो रोगी भिषग्वश्यो ज्ञापकः सत्त्ववानपि

-- Translation -- Adya - Rich Bhishagvashya - 100 % obedience towards doctor Jnapaka - Good memory Satvavaan - Having good strength to tolerate disease and treatment.

· · ·

साध्यो असाध्य इति व्याधिर्द्विविधा तौ तु पुनर्द्वविधासुसाध्य: कृच्छ्रसाध्यश्च, याप्यो यश्चानुपक्रमः

-- Translation -- Two main types, which are further divided into two types. Sadhya - Which can be cured. It is of two types - Easy to cure (Sukha Sadhya), Difficult to cure (Krichra Sadhya)

· · ·

दक्षः तीर्थीतातशास्त्रार्थो हष्टकर्मा शुचिरभिषक्

-- Translation -- Daksha - Alert, disciplined Shastra - Having detailed knowledge about diseases and treatment. Drushtakarma - Having practical experience Shuchi - Cleanliness

· · ·

बहुकल्पं बहुगुणं संपन्नं योग्यमौषधम्

-- Translation -- Bahukalpa - Ability to formulate in different dosage forms, like decoction, powder, herbal oil etc Bahuguna - Having enormous qualities Sampanna - Endowed with virtues Yogya - suitable and appropriate for specific diseases.

· · ·

अनुरक्तः शुचिर्दक्षो बुद्धिमान् परिचारकः

-- Translation -- Anurakta - Compassion towards patients Shuchi - Cleanliness Daksha - Alert, active Buddhiman - Intelligence

· · ·

आढ्यो रोगी भिषग्वश्यो ज्ञापकः सत्त्ववानपि

-- Translation -- Adya - Rich Bhishagvashya - 100 % obedience towards doctor Jnapaka - Good memory Satvavaan - Having good strength to tolerate disease and treatment.

· · ·

साध्यो असाध्य इति व्याधिर्द्विविधा तौ तु पुनर्द्विविधासुसाध्य: कृच्छ्रसाध्यश्च, याप्यो यश्चानुपक्रमः

-- Translation -- Two main types, which are further divided into two types. Sadhya - Which can be cured. It is of two types - Easy to cure (Sukha Sadhya), Difficult to cure (Krichra Sadhya)

· · ·

दक्षः तीर्थ्याततशास्त्रार्थो हष्टकर्मा शुचिरभिषक

-- Translation -- Daksha - Alert, disciplined Shastra - Having detailed knowledge about diseases and treatment. Drushtakarma - Having practical experience Shuchi - Cleanliness

· · ·

बहुकल्पं बहुगुणं संपन्नं योग्यमौषधम्

-- Translation -- Bahukalpa - Ability to formulate in different dosage forms, like decoction, powder, herbal oil etc Bahuguna - Having enormous qualities Sampanna - Endowed with virtues Yogya - suitable and appropriate for specific diseases.

· · ·

अनुरक्तः शुचिर्दक्षो बुद्धिमान् परिचारकः

-- Translation -- Anurakta - Compassion towards patients Shuchi - Cleanliness Daksha - Alert, active Buddhiman - Intelligence

· · ·

आढ्यो रोगी भिषग्वश्यो ज्ञापकः सत्त्ववानपि

-- Translation -- Adya - Rich Bhishagvashya - 100 % obedience towards doctor Jnapaka - Good memory Satvavaan - Having good strength to tolerate disease and treatment.

· · ·

साध्यो असाध्य इति व्याधिर्द्विविधा तौ तु पुनर्द्विविधासुसाध्य: कृच्छ्रसाध्यश्च, याप्यो यश्चानुपक्रमः

-- Translation -- Two main types, which are further divided into two types. Sadhya - Which can be cured. It is of two types - Easy to

cure (Sukha Sadhya), Difficult to cure (Krichra Sadhya)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asadhya - Which can not be cured. It is of two types – Yapya (medicine is required for as long as patient is alive), Anupakrama (nothing can be done. )

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities of diseases which can be cured easily:

· · ·

सर्वौषधक्षमे देहे यूनः पुंसो जितात्मनःअमर्मगो अल्पहेतवग्र रूपरूपो अनुपद्रवःअतुल्यदूष्यदेशर्तुप्रकृति: पादसंपदिग्रहेष्वनुगुणेष्वेकदोषमार्गो नवः सुखः

-- Translation -- Sarvāushadha kshame dehe - The body of patient is able to tolerate all types of medicines Yunaha - Young patient Jitatmanaha - Patient having good control over sense organs, who follows abstinence Amarmaga - If the disease is not affected sensitive areas like brain, heart, kidney Alpahetu - If the cause for disease is mild Alparoopa - Mild symptoms Anupadrava - no complications Atulya dushya desha rutu prakruti - If the Dosha involved, Dhatu (body tissue) involved, Desha (place), Rutu (season) and Prakruti (body type) are not influenced by one particular Dosha, Pada sampadi - If all the sixteen qualities of Doctor, patient etc explained above are present, Graha anuguna - If astrology is in favour of the patient Eka Doshaja - Disease due to only one Dosha Eka Marga - If only one body channel is affected Nava - Disease of recent origin / onset.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

शस्त्रादिसाधनः कृच्छ्रः: सङ्करे च ततो गदःशेषत्वादायुुषो याप्यः पथ्य्याभ्यासाद्विपर्यये अनुपक्रम एव स्यात्स्थितो अत्यन्त विपर्यये उत्सुक्य मोहारतिकृद् दुष्टरिष्टो अक्ष्णनाशनः

-- Translation -- Disease which require the use of sharp instruments etc. in treatment . and also those which have mixture of factors enumerated in previous verses are krchchhra sadhyā (curable with difficulty ). Diseases which have features entirely opposite of curable diseases, which have stayed for long period of time, involving all the important tissues and vital organs, which have produced anxiety (fear of death), delusion and restlessness; which are presenting fatal signs and which causes loss of sense organs are impossible to cure. (Anupakrama ), which require no therapy, fit to be rejected, sure to cause death.

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

त्येजेद् आर्तं भिषग्भू पौरैर्द्विष्टं तेषां द्विषं द्विषमहीनोपकरणं व्यग्रम् विविधेयं गतायुषम् च षण्डं शोकातुरं भीरुं कृतघ्नं वैद्यम् अनिनम्

-- Translation -- The physician should reject the patient, who is hated by physician and the king and who hates them; who hates himself (dejected in life), who is not having the equipments and other facilities required for treatment, who is busy with other activities, not having the required attention, leisure etc. towards the treatment, who is disobedient (to the physician), whose life is coming to an end, who is of evil mind (violent, destructive), who is afflicted with great grief, who is full of fear, who is ungrateful and who thinks himself to be a physician (in respect of deciding drug, therapies, food, activities etc).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asadhya - Which can not be cured. It is of two types – Yapya (medicine is required for as long as patient is alive), Anupakrama (nothing can be done. )

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities of diseases which can be cured easily:

· · ·

सर्वौषधक्षमे देहे यूनः पुंसो जितात्मनःअमर्मगो अल्पहेतवग्र रूपरुपो

-- Translation -- Sarvāushadha kshame dehe yūnaḥ puṁso jitatmanaḥamarmago alpahetvagra rūparūpo

· · ·

अनुपद्रवःअतुल्यदूष्यदेशर्तुप्रकृति: पादसम्पदिग्रहेष्वनुगुणेष्वेकदोषमार्गो नव: सुखः

-- Translation -- anupadravaḥatulyadūṣyadeśartuprakṛtiḥ pādasampadigraheṣvanuguneṣvekadoṣamārgo navaḥ sukhaḥ

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sarvāushadha kshame dehe - The body of patient is able to tolerate all types of medicines

· · ·

-- Translation -- Yunāha - Young patient

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jitatmanāha - Patient having good control over sense organs, who follows abstinence

· · ·

-- Translation -- Amarmaga - If the disease is not affected sensitive areas like brain, heart, kidney

· · ·

-- Translation -- Alpahetu - If the cause for disease is mild

· · ·

-- Translation -- Alparūpa - Mild symptoms

· · ·

-- Translation -- Anupadrāva - no complications

· · ·

-- Translation -- Atulya dūshya desha rutu prakruti - If the Dosha involved, Dhatu (body tissue) involved, Desha (place), Rutu (season) and Prakruti (body type) are not influenced by one particular Dosha,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pada sampadi - If all the sixteen qualities of Doctor, patient etc explained above are present,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Graha anuguna - If astrology is in favour of the patient

· · ·

-- Translation -- Eka Doṣhaja - Disease due to only one Dosha

· · ·

-- Translation -- Eka Mārga - If only one body channel is affected

· · ·

-- Translation -- Nava - Disease of recent origin / onset.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

-- Translation -- qualities of difficult-to-treat diseases

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

शस्त्रादिसाधनः कृच्छ्रः सङ्करे च ततो गदःशेषत्वादायुषो याप्यः पथ्य्याभ्यासाद्विपर्यये

-- Translation -- śastrādisādhanaḥ kṛcchraḥ saṅkare ca tato gadaḥśeṣatvādāyuṣo yāpyaḥ pathyābhyāsādiviparyaye

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

अनुपक्रम एव स्यात्स्थितो अत्यन्त विपर्यये उत्सुक्य मोहारतिकृत् दुष्टरिष्टोऽक्ष्णाशनः

-- Translation -- anupakrama eva syātsthito antya viparyaye autsukya mohāratikṛt duṣṭariṣṭo'akṣṇāśanaḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

-- Translation -- Disease which require the use of sharp instruments etc. in treatment . and also those which have mixture of factors enumerated in previous verses are krcchra sadhya (curable with difficulty ).

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

-- Translation -- Diseases which have features entirely opposite of curable diseases, which have stayed for long period of time, involving all the important tissues and vital organs, which have produced anxiety (fear of death), delusion and restlessness; which are presenting fatal signs and which causes loss of sense organs are impossible to cure. (Anupakramā ), which require no therapy, fit to be rejected, sure to cause death.

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

-- Translation -- Patient worth rejection:

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

त्येजेदार्थं भिषग्भूर्पैर्द्विष्टं तेषां द्विषं द्विषमहीनोपकरणं व्यग्रमविधेयं गतायुषम्चण्डं शोकातुरं भीरुं

-- Translation -- tyejedārthaṃ bhiṣagbhūpairdviṣṭaṃ teṣāṃ dviṣaṃ dviṣamāhīnopakaraṇaṃ vyagramavideyaṃ gatāyuṣamcaṇḍaṃ śokāturaṃ bhīruṃ

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

कृतघ्नं वैद्यमानिनम्

-- Translation -- kṛtaghnaṃ vaid yamāninam

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

-- Translation -- The physician should reject the patient, who is hated by physician and the king and who hates them; who hates himself (dejected in life), who is not having the equipments and other facilities required for treatment, who is busy with other activities, not having the required attention, leisure etc. towards the treatment, who is disobedient (to the physician), whose life is coming to an end, who is of evil mind (violent, destructive), who is afflicted with great grief, who is full of fear, who is ungrateful and who thinks himself to be a physician (in respect of deciding drug, therapies, food, activities etc).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asadhya - Which can not be cured. It is of two types – Yapya (medicine is required for as long as patient is alive), Anupakrama (nothing can be done. )

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities of diseases which can be cured easily:

· · ·

सर्वौषधक्षमे देहे यूनः पुंसो जितात्मनःअमर्मगो अल्पहेतवग्र रूपरूपो अनुपद्रवःअतुल्यदूष्यदेशर्तुप्रकृति: पादसंपदिग्रहेष्वनुगुणेष्वेकदोषमार्गो नवः सुखः

-- Translation -- Sarvaushadha kshame dehe - The body of patient is able to tolerate all types of medicines Yunaha - Young patient Jitatmanaha - Patient having good control over sense organs, who follows abstinence Amarmaga - If the disease is not affected sensitive areas like brain, heart, kidney Alpahetu - If the cause for disease is mild Alparoopa - Mild symptoms Anupadrava - no complications Atulya dushya desha rutu prakruti - If the Dosha involved, Dhatu (body tissue) involved, Desha (place), Rutu (season) and Prakruti (body type) are not influenced by one particular Dosha, Pada sampadi - If all the sixteen qualities of Doctor, patient etc explained above are present, Graha anuguna - If astrology is in favour of the patient Eka Doshaja - Disease due to only one Dosha Eka Marga - If only one body channel is affected Nava - Disease of recent origin / onset.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

शस्त्रादिसाधनः कृच्छ्रः: सङ्करे च ततो गदःशेषत्वादायुुषो याप्यः पथ्य्याभ्यासाद्विपर्यये अनुपक्रम एव स्यात्स्थितो अत्यन्तविपर्ययेओत्सुक्यमोहहरातिकृद् दुष्टरिष्टो अक्शनाशनः

-- Translation -- Disease which require the use of sharp instruments etc. in treatment . and also those which have mixture of factors enumerated in previous verses are krchchra sadhy (curable with difficulty ). Diseases which have features entirely opposite of curable diseases, which have stayed for long period of time, involving all the important tissues and vital organs, which have produced anxiety (fear of death), delusion and restlessness; which are presenting fatal signs and which causes loss of sense organs are impossible to cure. (Anupakrama ), which require no therapy, fit to be rejected, sure to cause death.

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

त्येजेदार्तं भिषग्भूर्पैदृविष्टं तेषां द्विषं द्विषिमह्हीनोपकरणं व्यग्रमविधेयं गतायुषम्चण्डं शोकातुरं भीरुं कृतघ्नं वैद्यमानिनिम्

-- Translation -- The physician should reject the patient, who is hated by physician and the king and who hates them; who hates himself (dejected in life), who is not having the equipments and other facilities required for treatment, who is busy with other activities, not having the required attention, leisure etc. towards the treatment, who is disobedient (to the physician), whose life is coming to an end, who is of evil mind (violent, destructive), who is afflicted with great grief, who is full of fear, who is ungrateful and who thinks himself to be a physician (in respect of deciding drug, therapies, food, activities etc).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asadhya - Which can not be cured. It is of two types - Yapya (medicine is required for as long as patient is alive), Anupakrama (nothing can be done. )

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities of diseases which can be cured easily:

· · ·

सर्वौषधक्षमे देहे यूनः पुंसो जितात्मनःअमर्मगो अल्पहेतवग्र रूपरूपो

-- Translation -- Sarvaushadha kshame dehe - The body of patient is able to tolerate all types of medicines

· · ·

अनुपद्रवःअतुल्यदूष्यदेशर्तुप्रकृति: पादसम्पदिग्रहेष्वनुगुणेष्वेकदोषमार्गो नवः सुखः

-- Translation -- Yunaha - Young patient

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jitatmanaha - Patient having good control over sense organs, who follows abstinence

· · ·

-- Translation -- Amarmaga - If the disease is not affected sensitive areas like brain, heart, kidney

· · ·

-- Translation -- Alpahetu - If the cause for disease is mild

· · ·

-- Translation -- Alparoopa - Mild symptoms

· · ·

-- Translation -- Anupadrava - no complications

· · ·

-- Translation -- Atulya dushya desha rutu prakruti - If the Dosha involved, Dhatu (body tissue) involved, Desha (place), Rutu (season) and Prakruti (body type) are not influenced by one particular Dosha,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pada sampadi - If all the sixteen qualities of Doctor, patient etc explained above are present,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Graha anuguna - If astrology is in favour of the patient

· · ·

-- Translation -- Eka Doshaja - Disease due to only one Dosha

· · ·

-- Translation -- Eka Marga - If only one body channel is affected

· · ·

-- Translation -- Nava - Disease of recent origin / onset.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

शस्त्रादिसाधनः कृच्छ्रः सङ्करे च ततो गदःशेषत्वादायुषो याप्यः पथ्य्याभ्यासादिविपर्यये

-- Translation -- qualities of difficult-to-treat diseases

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

अनुपक्रम एव स्यात्स्थितो अत्यन्त विपर्यये उत्सुक्य मोहारतिकृद् दुष्टरिष्टोऽक्ष्णनाशनः

-- Translation -- Disease which require the use of sharp instruments etc. in treatment . and also those which have mixture of factors enumerated in previous verses are krcchra sadhya (curable with difficulty ).

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

-- Translation -- Diseases which have features entirely opposite of curable diseases, which have stayed for long period of time, involving all the important tissues and vital organs, which have produced anxiety (fear of death), delusion and restlessness; which are presenting fatal signs and which causes loss of sense organs are impossible to cure. (Anupakrama ), which require no therapy, fit to be rejected, sure to cause death.

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

त्येजेदार्थं भिषग्भूूपैर्द्विष्टं तेषां द्विषं द्विषमहीनोपकरणं व्यग्रमविधेयं गतायुषम्चण्डं शोकातुरं भीरुं

-- Translation -- Patient worth rejection:

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

कृतघ्नं वैद्यमानिनिम्

-- Translation -- The physician should reject the patient, who is hated by physician and the king and who hates them; who hates himself (dejected in life), who is not having the equipments and other facilities required for treatment, who is busy with other activities, not having the required attention, leisure etc. towards the treatment, who is disobedient (to the physician), whose life is coming to an end, who is of evil mind (violent, destructive), who is afflicted with great grief, who is full of fear, who is ungrateful and who thinks himself to be a physician (in respect of deciding drug, therapies, food, activities etc).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asadhya - Which can not be cured. It is of two types - Yapya (medicine is required for as long as patient is alive), Anupakrama (nothing can be done. )

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities of diseases which can be cured easily:

· · ·

सर्वौषधक्षमे देहे यूनः पुंसो जितात्मनःअमर्मगो अल्पहेतवग्र रूपरूपो अनुपद्रवःअतुल्यदूष्यदेशर्तुप्रकृति: पादसंपदिग्रहेष्वनुगुणेष्वेकदोषमार्गो नवः सुखः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sarvashadha kshame dehe - The body of patient is able to tolerate all types of medicines Yunaha - Young patient Jitatmanaha - Patient having good control over sense organs, who follows abstinence Amarmaga - If the disease is not affected sensitive areas like brain, heart, kidney Alpahetu - If the cause for disease is mild Alparoopa - Mild symptoms Anupadra - no complications Atulya dushya desha rutu prakruti - If the Dosha involved, Dhatu (body tissue) involved, Desha (place), Rutu (season) and Prakruti (body type) are not influenced by one particular Dosha, Pada sampadi - If all the sixteen qualities of Doctor, patient etc explained above are present, Graha anuguna - If astrology is in favour of the patient Eka Doshaja - Disease due to only one Dosha Eka Marga - If only one body channel is affected Nava - Disease of recent origin / onset.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

-- Translation -- qualities of difficult-to-treat diseases

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

शस्त्रादिसाधनः कृच्छ्रः: सङ्करे च ततो गदःशेषत्वादायुुषो याप्यः पथ्य्याभ्यासाद्विपर्यये अनुपक्रम एव स्यात्स्थितो अत्यन्त विपर्यये उत्सुक्य मोहारतिकृद् दुष्टरिष्टो अक्षनाशनः

-- Translation -- Disease which require the use of sharp instruments etc. in treatment . and also those which have mixture of factors enumerated in previous verses are krchra sadhya (curable with difficulty ). Diseases which have features entirely opposite of curable diseases, which have stayed for long period of time, involving all the important tissues and vital organs, which have produced anxiety (fear of death), delusion and restlessness; which are presenting fatal signs and which causes loss of sense organs are impossible to cure. (Anupakrama ), which require no therapy, fit to be rejected, sure to cause death.

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

-- Translation -- Patient worth rejection:

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

त्येजेदार्तं भिषग्भू पौरैर्द्विष्टं तेषां द्विषं द्विषमहीनोपकरणं व्यग्रं विधेयं गतायुषम्चण्डं शोकातुरं भीरुं कृतघ्नं वैदयमानिनम्

-- Translation -- The physician should reject the patient, who is hated by physician and the king and who hates them; who hates himself (dejected in life), who is not having the equipments and other facilities required for treatment, who is busy with other activities, not having the required attention, leisure etc. towards the treatment, who is disobedient (to the physician), whose life is coming to an end, who is of evil mind (violent, destructive), who is afflicted with great grief, who is full of fear, who is ungrateful and who thinks himself to be a physician (in respect of deciding drug, therapies, food, activities etc).

· · ·

तत्रास्यास्य परं चातो वक्ष्यते अध्यायसङ्ग्रहः:

· · ·

आयुष्कामदिनर्त्वर्हीहारोगानुत्पादनद्रया:अन्नज्ञानान्नसंरक्षामात्रादव्यरसाश्रया:दोषादिज्ञातद्व्वेदतच्च कितस्यादयुपक्रमाःशुद्धघ्यादिस्नेहेसव्दरेकास्थापननावनमधूमगणडूषणट्कसेकृत्पित्तनत्रकशस्त्रकर्मिश्राविधिः शल्यविधिः शस्त्रक्शाराग्निकर्मिकौसूत्रस्तानमिमे अध्यायास्विंशतं

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

1. Ayuskamiya adhyaya (desire for long life).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

2. Dinacarya adhyaya (daily regimen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

3. Rtucarya adhyaya (seasonal regimen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

4. Roganutpadaniya adhyaya (prevention of diseases).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

5. Dravadravy vijnaniya adhyaya (knowledge of liquid materials).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

6. Annasvarupa vijnaniya adhyaya (nature of food materials).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

7. Annaraksadhyaya (Protection of foods).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

8. Matrasitiyadhyaya (Proper quantity of food).

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

9. Dravyadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of substances etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

10. Rasabhediya adhyaya (classification of tastes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

11. Dosadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of dosas etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

12. Dosabhediya adhyaya (classification of dosas).

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

13. Dosopakramaniya adhyaya (treatment of the dosas).

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

14. Dvividopakramaniya adhyaya (two kinds of treatments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

15. Sodhanadigana sangraha adhyaya (groups of drugs for purificatory therapies etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

16. Sneha vidhi adhyaya (oleation therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

17. Svedavidhi adhyaya (sudation therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

18. Vamana virecana vidhi adhyaya (emesis and purgation therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

19. Basti vidhi adhyaya (enema therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

20. Nasya vidhi adhyaya (nasal medication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

21. Dhumapana vidhi adhyaya (inhalation of smoke therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

22. Gandusadi vidhi adhyaya (mouth gargles and other therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

23. Ascyotana-anjana vidhi adhyaya (eye drops, collyrium therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

24. Tarpana-putapaka vidhi adhyaya (satiating the eye and other therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

25. Yantra vidhi adhyaya (use of blunt instruments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ]

26. Sastra vidhi adhyaya (use of sharp instruments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 27 ]

27. Siravyadha vidhi adhyaya (venesection).

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

28. Salyaharana vidhi adhyaya (removal of foreign bodies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

29. Sastrakarma vidhi adhyaya (surgical operation).

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

30. Ksaragnikarma vidhi adhyaya (alkaline and thermal cautery).

· · ·

तत्रास्यास्य परं चातो वक्ष्यते अध्यायसङ्ग्रहः:

· · ·

आयुष्कामदिनर्त्वर्हीहारोगानुत्पादनद्रया ऽन्नज्ञानन्नसंरक्षामात्रादव्यरसाश्रया: दोषादिज्ञानतद्वेदतच्च कित्स्याद्युपक्रमाः शुद्धघादिस्नेहे स्वेदरे कास्थापननवानमधूमगण्डूषरकसेकृत्प्रतीनन्रकशस्त्रकर्मिश्रावि

· · ·

धि: शल्यविधि: शस्त्रक्शाराग्निकर्मिकौसूत्रस्तनामिमे अध्यायास्विंशतं

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Ayuskamiya adhyaya (desire for long life).

-- Translation --

1. आयुष्कामीय अध्याय (दीर्घ आयुष्याची इच्छा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Dinacarya adhyaya (daily regimen).

-- Translation -- 2. दिनचर्या अध्याय (दैनंदिन दिनचर्या).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Rtucarya adhyaya (seasonal regimen).

-- Translation -- 3. ऋतुचर्या अध्याय (ऋतू अनुसार दिनचर्या).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Roganutpadaniya adhyaya (prevention of diseases).

-- Translation -- 4. रोगानुत्पादनीय अध्याय (रोगांच्या प्रतिबंध).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Dravadravy vijnaniya adhyaya (knowledge of liquid materials).

-- Translation -- 5. द्रवद्रव्य विज्ञानीय अध्याय (द्रव पदार्थांचे ज्ञान).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Annasvarupa vijnaniya adhyaya (nature of food materials).

-- Translation -- 6. अन्नस्वरूप विज्ञानीय अध्याय (अन्नाचे स्वरूप).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Annaraksadhyaya (Protection of foods).

-- Translation -- 7. अन्नरक्षा अध्याय (अन्नाचे रक्षण).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Matrasitiyadhyaya (Proper quantity of food).

-- Translation -- 8. मात्राशितीय अध्याय (अन्नाची योग्य मात्रा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Dravyadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of substances etc.).

-- Translation -- 9. द्रव्यादि विज्ञानीय अध्याय (द्रव्यांचे ज्ञान इत्यादी).

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Rasabhediya adhyaya (classification of tastes).

-- Translation -- 10. रसभेदीय अध्याय (रसांचे वर्गीकरण).

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Dosadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of dosas etc.).

-- Translation -- 11. दोषादि विज्ञानीय अध्याय (दोषांचे ज्ञान इत्यादी).

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Dosabhediya adhyaya (classification of dosas).

-- Translation -- 12. दोषभेदीय अध्याय (दोषांचे प्रकार).

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Dosopakramaniya adhyaya (treatment of the dosas).

-- Translation -- 13. दोषोपक्रमणीय अध्याय (दोषांचे उपचार).

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Dvividhopakramaniya adhyaya (two kinds of treatments).

-- Translation -- 14. द्विविधोपक्रमणीय अध्याय (दोन प्रकारचे उपचार).

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Sodhanadigana sangraha adhyaya (groups of drugs for purificatory therapies etc.).

-- Translation -- 15. शोधनादिगण संग्रह अध्याय (शोधन चिकित्सेसाठी औषधांचे गट इत्यादी).

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Sneha vidhi adhyaya (oleation therapy).

-- Translation -- 16. स्नेहविधि अध्याय (स्नेहन चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

Svedavidhi adhyaya (sudation therapy).

-- Translation -- 17. स्वेदविधि अध्याय (स्वेदन चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

Vamana virecana vidhi adhyaya (emesis and purgation therapies).

-- Translation -- 18. वमन विरेचन विधि अध्याय (वमन आणि विरेचन चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

Basti vidhi adhyaya (enema therapy).

-- Translation -- 19. बस्तिविधि अध्याय (बस्ती चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

Nasya vidhi adhyaya (nasal medication).

-- Translation -- 20. नस्यविधि अध्याय (नस्य चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

Dhumapana vidhi adhyaya (inhalation of smoke therapy).

-- Translation -- 21. धूमपानविधि अध्याय (धूम्रपान चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

Gandusadi vidhi adhyaya (mouth gargles and other therapies).

-- Translation -- 22. गंडूषादिविधि अध्याय (गंडूष आणि इतर चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

Ascyotana-anjana vidhi adhyaya (eye drops, collyrium therapies).

-- Translation -- 23. अस्योतनाऽञ्जनविधि अध्याय (अस्योतन आणि अंजन चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

Tarpana-putapaka vidhi adhyaya (satiating the eye and other therapies).

-- Translation -- 24. तर्पण-पुटपाकविधि अध्याय (तर्पण आणि पुटपाक चिकित्सा).

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

Yantra vidhi adhyaya (use of blunt instruments).

-- Translation -- 25. यन्त्रविधि अध्याय (मंद शस्त्रांचा वापर).

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ]

Sastra vidhi adhyaya (use of sharp instruments).

-- Translation -- 26. शस्त्रविधि अध्याय (तीक्ष्ण शस्त्रांचा वापर).

· · ·

[ Sutra 27 ]

Siravyadha vidhi adhyaya (venesection).

-- Translation -- 27. सिराव्याधविधि अध्याय (सिराव्याध).

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

Salyaharana vidhi adhyaya (removal of foreign bodies).

-- Translation -- 28. शल्याहरणविधि अध्याय (शल्य काढणे).

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

Sastrakarma vidhi adhyaya (surgical operation).

-- Translation -- 29. शस्त्रकर्मविधि अध्याय (शस्त्रक्रिया).

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

Ksaragnikarma vidhi adhyaya (alkaline and thermal cautery).

-- Translation -- 30. क्षाराग्निकर्मविधि अध्याय (क्षार आणि अग्नि चिकित्सा).

· · ·

तत्रास्यास्य परं चातो वक्ष्यते अध्यायसङ्ग्रहः:

· · ·

आयुष्कामदिनर्त्वर्हीहारोगानुत्पादनद्रया: अन्नं जानन्नस संरक्षामात्राद्वयरसाश्रया: दोषादिज्ञातद्व्वेदतच्च कितस्याद्युपक्रमाः शुद्धघादिस्नेहेसवेदरेकास्थापननावनमधूमगण्डूषट्कसेकृत्प्रितयन्न्रकशस्त्रक्रमिश्राविधिः शल्यविधिः शस्त्रक्शाराग्निकर्मिकौसूत्रस्तनामिमिमे अध्यायास्विंशतं

· · ·

तत्रास्यास्य परं चातो वक्ष्यते अध्यायसङ्ग्रहः:

· · ·

आयुष्कामदिनर्त्वर्हीहारोगानुत्पादनद्रया: अन्नज्ञानान्नसंरक्षामात्रादव्यरसाश्रया: दोषादिज्ञानतद्वेदतच्चिकित्स्याद्युपक्रमाः शुद्धघ्यादिस्नेहेहसवदरेकास्थापननावनमधूमगण्डूषटकसेकत्रप्तियन्त्रकशस्त्रकर्मिशराविधिः शल्यविधिः शस्त्रक्षराग्निकर्मिकौसूत्रस्तनामिमे अध्यायास्विंशतं

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Ayuskamiya adhyaya (desire for long life).

-- Translation --

1. Ayuskamiya adhyaya (desire for long life).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Dinacarya adhyaya (daily regimen).

-- Translation -- 2. Dinacarya adhyaya (daily regimen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Rtucarya adhyaya (seasonal regimen).

-- Translation -- 3. Rtucarya adhyaya (seasonal regimen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Roganutpadaniya adhyaya (prevention of diseases).

-- Translation -- 4. Roganutpadaniya adhyaya (prevention of diseases).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Dravadravy vijnaniya adhyaya (knowledge of liquid materials).

-- Translation -- 5. Dravadravy vijnaniya adhyaya (knowledge of liquid materials).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Annasvarupa vijnaniya adhyaya (nature of food materials).

-- Translation -- 6. Annasvarupa vijnaniya adhyaya (nature of food materials).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Annarakshadhyaya (Protection of foods).

-- Translation -- 7. Annarakshadhyaya (Protection of foods).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Matrasitiyadhyaya (Proper quantity of food).

-- Translation -- 8. Matrasitiyadhyaya (Proper quantity of food).

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Dravyadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of substances etc.).

-- Translation -- 9. Dravyadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of substances etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Rasabhediya adhyaya (classification of tastes).

-- Translation -- 10. Rasabhediya adhyaya (classification of tastes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Dosadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of dosas etc.).

-- Translation -- 11. Dosadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of dosas etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Dosabhediya adhyaya (classification of dosas).

-- Translation -- 12. Dosabhediya adhyaya (classification of dosas).

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Dosopakramaniya adhyaya (treatment of the dosas).

-- Translation -- 13. Dosopakramaniya adhyaya (treatment of the dosas).

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Dvividhopakramaniya adhyaya (two kinds of treatments).

-- Translation -- 14. Dvividhopakramaniya adhyaya (two kinds of treatments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Sodhanadigan sangraha adhyaya (groups of drugs for purificatory therapies etc.).

-- Translation -- 15. Sodhanadigan sangraha adhyaya (groups of drugs for purificatory therapies etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Sneha vidhi adhyaya (oleation therapy).

-- Translation -- 16. Sneha vidhi adhyaya (oleation therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

Svedavidhi adhyaya (sudation therapy).

-- Translation -- 17. Svedavidhi adhyaya (sudation therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

Vamana virecana vidhi adhyaya (emesis and purgation therapies).

-- Translation -- 18. Vamana virecana vidhi adhyaya (emesis and purgation therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

Basti vidhi adhyaya (enema therapy).

-- Translation -- 19. Basti vidhi adhyaya (enema therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

Nasya vidhi adhyaya (nasal medication).

-- Translation -- 20. Nasya vidhi adhyaya (nasal medication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

Dhumapana vidhi adhyaya (inhalation of smoke therapy).

-- Translation -- 21. Dhumapana vidhi adhyaya (inhalation of smoke therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

Gandusadi vidhi adhyaya (mouth gargles and other therapies).

-- Translation -- 22. Gandusadi vidhi adhyaya (mouth gargles and other therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

Ascyotana-anjana vidhi adhyaya (eye drops, collyrium therapies).

-- Translation -- 23. Ascyotana-anjana vidhi adhyaya (eye drops, collyrium therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

Tarpana-putapaka vidhi adhyaya (satiating the eye and other therapies).

-- Translation -- 24. Tarpana-putapaka vidhi adhyaya (satiating the eye and other therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

Yantra vidhi adhyaya (use of blunt instruments).

-- Translation -- 25. Yantra vidhi adhyaya (use of blunt instruments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ]

Sastra vidhi adhyaya (use of sharp instruments).

-- Translation -- 26. Sastra vidhi adhyaya (use of sharp instruments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 27 ]

Siravyadha vidhi adhyaya (venesection).

-- Translation -- 27. Siravyadha vidhi adhyaya (venesection).

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

Salyaharana vidhi adhyaya (removal of foreign bodies).

-- Translation -- 28. Salyaharana vidhi adhyaya (removal of foreign bodies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

Sastrakarma vidhi adhyaya (surgical operation).

-- Translation -- 29. Sastrakarma vidhi adhyaya (surgical operation).

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

Ksaragnikarma vidhi adhyaya (alkaline and thermal cautery).

-- Translation -- 30. Ksaragnikarma vidhi adhyaya (alkaline and thermal cautery).

· · ·

तत्रास्यास्य परं चातो वक्ष्यते अध्यायसङ्ग्रहः:

· · ·

आयुष्कामदिनर्त्वर्हीहारोगानुत्पादनद्रया ऽन्नज्ञानन्नसंरक्षामात्रादव्यरसाय्रश्रया:दोषादिज्ञानतद्वेदतच्च

· · ·

कितस्यादयुपक्रमाःशुद्धयादिस्नेहस्वेदरेकोपस्थापननवनमधूमगण्डूषरकसेकृत्प्रतीयन्त्रकशस्त्रकर्मिश्रावि

· · ·

धि: शल्यविधि: शस्त्रक्शाराग्निकर्मिकौसूत्रस्तनामिमिमे अध्यायास्विंशतं

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

1. Ayuskamiya adhyaya (desire for long life).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

2. Dinacarya adhyaya (daily regimen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

3. Rtucarya adhyaya (seasonal regimen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

4. Roganutpadaniya adhyaya (prevention of diseases).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

5. Dravadravy vijnaniya adhyaya (knowledge of liquid materials).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

6. Annasvarupa vijnaniya adhyaya (nature of food materials).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

7. Annaraksadhyaya (Protection of foods).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

8. Matrasitiyadhyaya (Proper quantity of food).

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

9. Dravyadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of substances etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

10. Rasabhediya adhyaya (classification of tastes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

11. Dosadi vijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of dosas etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

12. Dosabhediya adhyaya (classification of dosas).

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

13. Dosopakramaniya adhyaya (treatment of the dosas).

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

14. Dvividopakramaniya adhyaya (two kinds of treatments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

15. Sodhanadigan sangraha adhyaya (groups of drugs for purificatory therapies etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

16. Sneha vidhi adhyaya (oleation therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

17. Svedavidhi adhyaya (sudation therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

18. Vamana virecana vidhi adhyaya (emesis and purgation therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

19. Basti vidhi adhyaya (enema therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

20. Nasya vidhi adhyaya (nasal medication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

21. Dhumapana vidhi adhyaya (inhalation of smoke therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

22. Gandusadi vidhi adhyaya (mouth gargles and other therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

23. Ascyotana-anjana vidhi adhyaya (eye drops, collyrium therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

24. Tarpana-putapaka vidhi adhyaya (satiating the eye and other therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

25. Yantra vidhi adhyaya (use of blunt instruments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ]

26. Sastra vidhi adhyaya (use of sharp instruments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 27 ]

27. Siravyadha vidhi adhyaya (venesection).

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

28. Salyaharana vidhi adhyaya (removal of foreign bodies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

29. Sastrakarma vidhi adhyaya (surgical operation).

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

30. Ksaragnikarma vidhi adhyaya (alkaline and thermal cautery).

· · ·

तत्रास्यास्य परं चातो वक्ष्यते अध्यायसङ्ग्रहः:

· · ·

आयुष्कामदिनर्त्वर्हीहारोगानुत्पादनद्रया ऽन्नं जानन्नस संरक्षामात्राद्वयरसाश्रया: दोषादिज्ञानतद्वेदतच्च कित्स्याद्युपक्रमाः शुद्धघादिस्ने हसव्दरेकास्थापननवनमधूमगण्डूषरकसे कृत्प्रितान्नकशस्त्रकर्मिश्राविधिः शल्यविधिः शस्त्रक्शाराग्निकर्मिकौसूत्रस्तनामिमे अध्यायास्विंशतं

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asadhya - Which can not be cured. It is of two types – Yapya (medicine is required for as long as patient is alive), Anupakrama (nothing can be done. )

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities of diseases which can be cured easily:

· · ·

सर्वौषधक्षमे देहे यूनः पुंसो जितात्मनःअमर्मगो अल्पहेतवग्र रूपरूपो अनुपद्रवःअतुल्यदूष्यदेशर्तुप्रकृति: पादसंपदिग्रहेष्वनुगुणेष्वेकदोषमार्गो नवः सुखः

-- Translation -- Sarvāushadha kshame dehe - The body of patient is able to tolerate all types of medicines Yunaha - Young patient Jitatmanaha - Patient having good control over sense organs, who follows abstinence Amarmaga - If the disease is not affected sensitive areas like brain, heart, kidney Alpahetu - If the cause for disease is mild Alparoopa - Mild symptoms Anupadrāva - no complications Atulya dushya desha rutu prakruti - If the Dosha involved, Dhatu (body tissue) involved, Desha (place), Rutu (season) and Prakruti (body type) are not influenced by one particular Dosha, Pada sampadi - If all the sixteen qualities of Doctor, patient etc explained above are present, Graha anuguna - If astrology is in favour of the patient Eka Doshaja - Disease due to only one Dosha Eka Mārga - If only one body channel is affected Nava - Disease of recent origin / onset.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

-- Translation -- qualities of difficult-to-treat diseases

· · ·

[ Sutra 32. ]

शस्त्रादिसाधनः कृच्छ्रः: सङ्करे च ततो गदःशेषत्वादायुुषो याप्यः पथ्य्याभ्यासाद्विपर्यये अनुपक्रम एव स्यात्स्थितो अत्यन्तविपर्ययेओत्सुक्यमोहारातिकृत् दुष्टरिष्टो अक्ष्णनाशनः

-- Translation -- Disease which require the use of sharp instruments etc. in treatment . and also those which have mixture of factors enumerated in previous verses are krchchhra sadhyā (curable with difficulty ). Diseases which have features entirely opposite of curable diseases, which have stayed for long period of time, involving all the important tissues and vital organs, which have produced anxiety (fear of death), delusion and restlessness; which are presenting fatal signs and which causes loss of sense organs are impossible to cure. (Anupākrama ), which require no therapy, fit to be rejected, sure to cause death.

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

-- Translation -- Patient worth rejection:

· · ·

[ Sutra 33. ]

त्येजेदार्थं भिषग्भूर्पैर्द्विष्टं तेषां द्विषं दूविषमंहीनोपकरणं व्यग्रमविधेयं गतायुषम्चण्डं शोकातुरं भीरुं कृतघ्नं वैद्यमानिनिम्

-- Translation -- The physician should reject the patient, who is hated by physician and the king and who hates them; who hates himself (dejected in life), who is not having the equipments and other facilities required for treatment, who is busy with other activities, not having the required attention, leisure etc. towards the treatment, who is disobedient (to the physician), whose life is coming to an end, who is of evil mind (violent, destructive), who is afflicted with great grief, who is full of fear, who is ungrateful and who thinks himself to be a physician (in respect of deciding drug, therapies, food, activities etc).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology).

-- Translation --

1. Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy).

-- Translation -- 2. Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body).

-- Translation -- 3. Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots).

-- Translation -- 4. Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis).

-- Translation -- 5. Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc.).

-- Translation -- 6. Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general).

-- Translation --

1. Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever).

-- Translation -- 2. Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough).

-- Translation -- 3. Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough).

-- Translation -- 4. Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc.).

-- Translation -- 5. Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication).

-- Translation -- 6. Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids).

-- Translation -- 7. Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders).

-- Translation -- 8. Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders).

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine).

-- Translation -- 9. Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine).

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes).

-- Translation -- 10. Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour).

-- Translation -- 11. Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour).

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen).

-- Translation -- 12. Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes).

-- Translation -- 13. Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites).

-- Translation -- 14. Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites).

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system).

-- Translation -- 15. Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system).

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Vatosonita nidanam (diagnosis of gout).

-- Translation -- 16. Vatosonita nidanam (diagnosis of gout).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers).

-- Translation --

1. Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease).

-- Translation -- 2. Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough).

-- Translation -- 3. Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup).

-- Translation -- 4. Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc.).

-- Translation -- 5. Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst).

-- Translation -- 6. Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst).

· · ·

[ Sutra

7 ]

Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication).

-- Translation -- 7. Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication)

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids)

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders)

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine)

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes)

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour)

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen)

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes)

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites)

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system)

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Vatasonita nidanam (diagnosis of gout)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst)

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology).

-- Translation --

1. Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy).

-- Translation -- 2. Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body).

-- Translation -- 3. Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots).

-- Translation -- 4. Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis).

-- Translation -- 5. Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc.).

-- Translation -- 6. Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general).

-- Translation --

1. Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever).

-- Translation -- 2. Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough).

-- Translation -- 3. Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough).

-- Translation -- 4. Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc.).

-- Translation -- 5. Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication).

-- Translation -- 6. Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids).

-- Translation -- 7. Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders).

-- Translation -- 8. Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders).

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine).

-- Translation -- 9. Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine).

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes).

-- Translation -- 10. Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour).

-- Translation -- 11. Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour).

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen).

-- Translation -- 12. Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes).

-- Translation -- 13. Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites).

-- Translation -- 14. Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites).

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system).

-- Translation -- 15. Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system).

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Vatosanita nidanam (diagnosis of gout).

-- Translation -- 16. Vatosanita nidanam (diagnosis of gout).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers).

-- Translation --

1. Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease).

-- Translation -- 2. Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough).

-- Translation -- 3. Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup).

-- Translation -- 4. Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc.).

-- Translation -- 5. Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst).

-- Translation -- 6. Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication).

-- Translation -- 7. Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc.)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc.)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication)

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids)

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders)

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine)

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes)

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour)

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen)

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes)

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites)

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system)

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Vatosonita nidanam (diagnosis of gout)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc.)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst)

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc.)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc.)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication)

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids)

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders)

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine)

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes)

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour)

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen)

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes)

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites)

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system)

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Vatosanita nidanam (diagnosis of gout)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc.)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst)

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication)

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids)

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders)

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine)

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes)

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour)

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen)

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes)

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites)

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system)

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Vatosanita nidanam (diagnosis of gout)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers)

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease)

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough)

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup)

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc)

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst)

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication)

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology).

-- Translation -- Garbhavakranti sarira (embryology).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy).

-- Translation -- Garbhavyapad sarira (disorders of pregnancy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body).

-- Translation -- Anga vibhaga sarira (different parts of the body).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots).

-- Translation -- Marma vibhaga sarira (classification of vital spots).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis).

-- Translation -- Vikrti vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of bad prognosis).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc.).

-- Translation -- Dutadi vijnaniya sarira (knowledge of messenger etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general).

-- Translation -- Sarvroga nidanam (diagnosis of diseases in general).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever).

-- Translation -- Jvara nidanam (diagnosis of fever).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough).

-- Translation -- Raktapitta, Kasa nidanam (disease and cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough).

-- Translation -- Svasa-Hidhma nidanam (diagnosis of bleeding disease and cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc.).

-- Translation -- Rajayaksmadi nidanam (diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication).

-- Translation -- Madatyaya nidanam (diagnosis of alcoholic intoxication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids).

-- Translation -- Arsas nidanam (diagnosis of haemorrhoids).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders).

-- Translation -- Atisara-Grahani nidanam (diagnosis of diarrhoea and duodenal disorders).

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine).

-- Translation -- Mutraghata nidanam (diagnosis of retention of urine).

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes).

-- Translation -- Prameha nidanam (diagnosis of diabetes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour).

-- Translation -- Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour).

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen).

-- Translation -- Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes).

-- Translation -- Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites).

-- Translation -- Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites).

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system).

-- Translation -- Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system).

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Vatasonita nidanam (diagnosis of gout).

-- Translation -- Vatasonita nidanam (diagnosis of gout).

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers).

-- Translation -- Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease).

-- Translation -- Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough).

-- Translation -- Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup).

-- Translation -- Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc.).

-- Translation -- Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul. tuberculosis, etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst).

-- Translation -- Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication).

-- Translation -- Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication).

· · ·

तत्रास्यास्य परं चातो वक्ष्यते अध्यायसङ्ग्रहः:

· · ·

आयुष्कामदिनर्त्वर्हीहारोगानुत्पादनद्रया ऽन्नं जानन्नन्नसंरक्षामात्राद्वयरसाश्रया:दोषादिज्ञानतद्वेदतच्च कितस्याद्युपक्रमाः शुद्धघादिस्नेहे स्वेदरे कास्थापननवानमधू मगण्डूषटकसे कृत्प्रतीनन्रक शस्त्रक मि श्रा वि धिः शल्यविधिः शस्त्रक्शाराग्निकर्मिकौ सूत्रस्थानमिमे ऽध्यायाः सत्रिंशत्

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

Ayuskamiya adhyaya (desire for long life).

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

Dinacarya adhyaya (daily regimen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

Rtucarya adhyaya (seasonal regimen).

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

Roganutpadaniya adhyaya (prevention of diseases).

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

Dravadravyavijnaniya adhyaya (knowledge of liquid materials).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

Annasvarupavijnaniya adhyaya (nature of food materials).

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

Annarakssadhyaya (Protection of foods).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

Matrasitiyadhyaya (Proper quantity of food).

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

Dravyadivijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of substances etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

Rasabhediya adhyaya (classification of tastes).

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

Dosadvijnaniya adhyaya (Knowledge of dosas etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Dosabhediya adhyaya (classification of dosas).

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Dosopakramaniya adhyaya (treatment of the dosas).

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Dvividoprakramaniya adhyaya (two kinds of treatments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Sodhanadiganasangraha adhyaya (groups of drugs for purificatory therapies etc.).

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Snehavidhi adhyaya (oleation therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

Svedavidhi adhyaya (sudation therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

Vamanavirecanavidhi adhyaya (emesis and purgation therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

Bastividhi adhyaya (enema therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

Nasyavidhi adhyaya (nasal medication).

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

Dhumapanavidhi adhyaya (inhalation of smoke therapy).

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

Gandusadividhi adhyaya (mouth gargles and other therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

Ascyotananjanavidhi adhyaya (eye drops, collyrium therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

Tarpanaputapakavidhi adhyaya (satiating the eye and other therapies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

Yantrividhi adhyaya (use of blunt instruments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ]

Sastravidhi adhyaya (use of sharp instruments).

· · ·

[ Sutra 27 ]

Siravyadhavidhi adhyaya (venesection).

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

Salyaharanavidhi adhyaya (removal of foreign bodies).

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

Sastrakarmavidhi adhyaya (surgical operation).

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

Ksraagnikarmavidhi adhyaya (alkaline and thermal cautery).

· · ·

Page No. 14

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

Drsti roga vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of diseases of vision

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

Timira pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of blindness

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

Linganasa pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of blindness

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

Sarvaksi roga vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of diseases of the whole eye

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

Sarvaksi roga pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of diseases of the whole eye

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

Karna roga vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of diseases of the ear

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

Karna roga pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of diseases of the ear

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

Nasa roga vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of the diseases of the nose

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

Nasa roga pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of diseases of the nose

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

Mukha roga vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of the diseases of the mouth

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

Mukha roga pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of diseases of the mouth

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

Siro roga vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of the diseases of head

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

Siro roga pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of diseases of the head

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

Vrana pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of ulcers

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ]

Sadyo vrana pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of traumatic wounds

· · ·

[ Sutra 27 ]

Bhanga pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of fractures

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

Bhagandara pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of rectal fistula

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

Granthi-arbuda-slipada-apaci-nadi vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of tumours, cancers, filariasis, scrofula and sinus ulcer

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

Granthyadi pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of tumours etc.

· · ·

[ Sutra 31 ]

Ksudra roga vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of minor diseases

· · ·

[ Sutra 32 ]

Ksudra roga pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of minor diseases

· · ·

[ Sutra 33 ]

Guhya roga vijnaniya

-- Translation -- knowledge of diseases of genital organs

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

Guhya roga pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of diseases of genital organs

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

Visa pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of poisoning

· · ·

[ Sutra 36 ]

Sarpa visa pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of snake bite poison

· · ·

[ Sutra 37 ]

Kitalutadi visa pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of poison of insects, spiders etc.

· · ·

[ Sutra 38 ]

Musika-alarka visa pratisedha

-- Translation -- treatment of poison of mouse, rabid, dog etc.

· · ·

[ Sutra 39 ]

Rasayana vidhi

-- Translation -- rejuvenation therapy

· · ·

[ Sutra 40 ]

Vajikarana vidhi

-- Translation -- virilification therapy

· · ·

इत्यध्यायशतं विंशं षड्भिः स्थानैरुदीरितम्

-- Translation -- End of first chapter of Sutrasthana of Ashtanga Hridayam.

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

ब्राह्मे मुहूर्त उत्तिष्ठेत्स्वस्थो रक्षार्थमायुषः

-- Translation -- Healthy person should get up from bed at Brahma Muhurtha. That is, before dawn, or around 45 minutes before Sun rise, around 5 – 6 am. Last three hours of the night – from 3 am to 6 am – is known as brahma muhurta.

· · ·

[ Sutra 2-3 ]

शरीरचिन्तां निवर्त्य कृतशौचविधिस्ततः अर्कन्यग्रोधखदिरकरञ्जककभादिजं प्रातर्भुक्त्वा च मृद्वग्रं कषायकटुतिक्तकं कनीन्यासंसमस्थौल्यं प्रगुणं द्रवदशाङ्गुलं भक्षयेदान्तपवं दन्तमांसान्यबाधितम्

-- Translation -- Keeping in view, the condition of his body, the individual should pass urine and faeces, clean teeth with any of the twigs of following herbs – Arka (Calotropis procera), Vata (Ficus benghalensis), Khadira (Acacia catechu), Karanja (Pongamia pinnata), Kakubha (Terminalia arjuna). To use the twig as tooth brush, the thickness of the twig should be approximately equal to the tip of one’s little finger. It should be 12 Angula length. The tip of the twig should be chewed a little to make it as brush. The twig should be of astringent, pungent and bitter in taste.

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

नाध्यादजीर्णवमथुश्वासकासज्वरादिती तृष्णास्यपाकहेत्न्नेत्रशिरः कर्णमयी च तत्

-- Translation -- The following individuals should not do teeth brushing. – people suffering from indigestion, vomiting, dyspnoea, cough, fever, facial paralysis, excessive thirst, ulceration of mouth, heart disease, diseases of eyes, head and ears.

· · ·

सौवीरमञ्जनं नित्यं हितमक्ष्णोस्ततो भजेत् | चक्षुस्तेजोमयं तस्य विशेषात् श्लेष्मतो भयम् || sauvīramañjanam nityam hitamakṣṇostato bhajet | cakṣustejomayaṃ tasya viśeṣāt śleṣmato bhayam ||

-- Translation -- It is good to apply a special type of collyrium called Sauveera Anjana to the eyes. It should be applied daily. Rasanjana (aqueous extract of Berberis aristata), should be applied once in a week, to drain out Kapha (secretions) from the eyes.

· · ·

ततो नावनगण्डूषधूमताम्बूलभाम्भवेत्

-- Translation --

• After collyrium application, healthy person should do Navana (Nasya - Nasal instillation of drops.). For this purpose, milk, herbal decoctions, herbal oils are usually used. After that, Gandusha – gargling with warm water, milk, or herbal decoction or herbal oil should be done. Then Dhuma – inhalation of smoke from herbs and spices should be done, and then betel leaves should be chewed.

· · ·

ताम्बूलं क्षतपित्तास्रुक्क्षौत्कुपितचक्षुषाम् | विषमुच्छ्रामदर्त्तानामपथ्यं शोणितामपि

-- Translation -- Those suffering from wounds, bleeding diseases, dryness, redness of eye, poisoning, repeated unconsciousness, intoxication and from tuberculosis should avoid betel leaf chewing.

· · ·

अभ्यङ्गम आचरेत नित्यं, स जरा श्रमवातहा | दृष्टि प्रसाद पुष्टि आयुः सुस्वप्न सुत्त्वक दार्ढ्यकृत || शिरः श्रवणपादेषु तं विशेषण शीलयेत् | वय्योऽभ्यङ्गः कफग्रस्थकृत सशुद्धे अजीर्णीभि: || abhyaṅgam ācaret nityaṃ, sa jarā śramavātahā | drṣṭi prasāda puṣṭi āyuḥ susvapna sutvak dārḍhyakṛt || śiraḥ śravaṇapādeṣu taṃ viśeṣaṇa śīlayet | varjyo’bhyāṅgaḥ kaphagrāsthakṛta samśuddhi ajīrṇībhi: ||

-- Translation -- Abhyanga means massage. It should be done daily, morning. It delays ageing, relieves tiredness and excess of Vata (aches and pains). It improves vision, nourishes body tissues, prolongs age, induces good sleep and improves skin tone and complexion. Massage should be specially done on ears, head and legs. Massage should be avoided when there is increase of Kapha in the body, soon after Shodhana (Panchakarma procedure) and during indigestion.

· · ·

लाघवं कर्मसामर्थ्यं दीप्तोऽग्नि: मेदस: क्षय: । विभक्तघनगात्रत्वं व्यायामात् उपजायते ॥ वातपित्तामयो बालो वृद्धो डजीर्णी च तं त्यजेत् । अर्धशक्त्या निषेव्यस्तु बलिभि: स्निग्धभोजिभि: ॥

-- Translation -- लाघवं कर्मसामर्थ्यं दीप्तोऽग्नि: मेदस: क्षय: । विभक्तघनगात्रत्वं व्यायामात् उपजायते ॥ वातपित्तामयो बालो वृद्धो डजीर्णी च तं त्यजेत् । अर्धशक्त्या निषेव्यस्तु बलिभि: स्निग्धभोजिभि: ॥

· · ·

तृष्णा क्षय: प्रतमको रक्तपित्तं श्रम: क्लम: । अतिव्यवायामत: कासो ज्वरश्छर्दिश्च जायते ॥

-- Translation -- तृष्णा क्षय: प्रतमको रक्तपित्तं श्रम: क्लम: । अतिव्यवायामत: कासो ज्वरश्छर्दिश्च जायते ॥

· · ·

व्यायामजागराध्वस्थ्रीहास्यभाष्यादि साहसम् गजं सिंहं इवाकर्षन् भजन्तातिविनश्यति

-- Translation -- व्यायामजागराध्वस्थ्रीहास्यभाष्यादि साहसम् गजं सिंहं इवाकर्षन् भजन्तातिविनश्यति

· · ·

उद्वर्तनं कफहरं मेदस: प्रविलायनम् । स्थिरीकरणं अङ्गानां त्वक् प्रसादकरं परम् ॥

-- Translation -- उद्वर्तनं कफहरं मेदस: प्रविलायनम् । स्थिरीकरणं अङ्गानां त्वक् प्रसादकरं परम् ॥

· · ·

दीपनं वृष्यमायुष्यं स्नानमूर्जा बलप्रदम् । कण्डू मल श्रम स्वेद तन्द्रा तृट् दाह पाप्मजित् ॥

-- Translation -- Bathing improves digestion, acts as aphrodisiac, prolongs life, increases enthusiasm and strength. It helps to get rid of dirt, waste products, sweat, tiredness, excessive thirst, burning sensation and microbes.

· · ·

उष्णाम्बुना अधकायस्य परिषेको बलावहः

-- Translation -- Pouring warm water over the body bestows strength, but the same over the head, makes for loss of strength of the hair and eyes.

· · ·

तेनैव तूततमार्गस्य बलह्रासचक्षुषाम्

· · ·

स्नानमर्दितनेत्रास्य कर्णरोगातिसारिषु

-- Translation -- Bath is contra- indicated for those suffering from facial paralysis, diseases of the eyes, mouth and ears, diarrhoea, flatulence, rhinitis, indigestion and who have just taken food.

· · ·

आध्मानपीनसाजीर्णभुक्तवत्सु च गर्हितम्

· · ·

जीर्णे हितं मितं चाद्यात् न वेगानिरयेत् बलात् । न वेगितो अन्यकार्यः स्यात् न अजीत्वा साध्यं

-- Translation -- Na vegan neerayet - one should not induce natural urges forcefully. Example: urinating, when there is no urge to pass urine. Na Vegito anyakarya - one should immediately attend to natural urges, whenever they come, without being busy in other activities. One should undergo treatment to diseases as soon as possible.

· · ·

आमयम् ॥ jīrṇe hitaṃ mitam chaādyāt na vegānīrrayet balāt | na vegitoanyakārya: syāt na ajitvā sādhyaṃ

· · ·

sādhyam āmayam ॥

· · ·

सुखार्थी: सर्वभूतानां मता: सर्वा: प्रवृत्तय: । सुखं च न विना धर्मात् तस्मात् धर्मपर: भवेत् ॥

-- Translation -- All the creatures are behind happiness. There is no happiness, without righteousness. Hence all should follow the path of righteousness.

· · ·

sukhārthā: sarvabhūtānāṃ matā: sarvāḥ pravṛttayaḥ | sukhaṃ ca na vinā dharmāt tasmāt dharmaparo bhavet ‖

· · ·

भक्त्या कल्याणमित्राणि सेवेततरदूरगः

-- Translation -- Friends should be served with affection and good deeds, whereas the others (wicked) should be kept at a distance.

· · ·

हिंसा स्तेय अन्यथा कामं पैशुन्यं पुरुष अनते । सम्भिन्न आलाप व्यापाद अभिदया दृक विपर्ययम् ।। पापं कर्मेति दशधा काया वाड् मनसैः त्यजेत् ।

-- Translation -- himsa steya anyatha kamaṃ paiśunyaṃ paruṣa anrte | sambhinna ālāpa vyāpāda abhidyā dṛk viparyayam || pāpaṃ karmeti daśadhā kāyā vāṅ manasai: tyajet |

· · ·

-- Translation -- Himsa (causing injury, torture etc.)

· · ·

-- Translation -- steya ( stealing, robbing),

· · ·

-- Translation -- anyathakama (unlawful sexual activity, desiring for others),

· · ·

-- Translation -- paisunya (abusive or harsh speech ),

· · ·

-- Translation -- parusha vachana (harsh speech)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Anruta vacana ( speaking untruth),

· · ·

-- Translation -- sambhinna alapa (speech causing separation, breaking of company),

· · ·

-- Translation -- vyapada (quarrel, intention of harming ),

· · ·

-- Translation -- abhidya (jealousy, not tolerating good of others) and

· · ·

-- Translation -- drgviparyaya ( finding fault, misunderstanding, faithlessness etc. with scriptures, elders etc)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Of these ten, the first three are related to body, next four- related to speech and last three – related with mind.

· · ·

आत्मवत्सततं पश्येदपि कीटपिपीलिकम् अर्चयेद्देवगोवृद्धवैद्यनृपातिथीथीन्

-- Translation -- Those who have no means of livelihood, who are suffering from diseases and who are afflicted with grief should be helped.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Even the insects and ants should be seen with respect, similar to a physician, king and guests.

· · ·

विमुखान्नार्थिनः कुऱ्योन्नावमन्येत नाक्षिपेत्

-- Translation -- Beggars should not be disappointed, abused or objected.

· · ·

उपकारप्रधानः स्यादपकारपरे अप्यरौ सम्पद्विपत्स्वेकमनाहेतावीर्ष्येत्फले न तु

-- Translation -- One should be very helpful even to his foes, even though they are not helpful.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sampat Vipatsu Eka manaaha: One should maintain a balanced mind both during calamity and prosperity.

· · ·

-- Translation -- One should not be envious towards wealth and happiness of others.

· · ·

काले हितं मितं ब्रूयाद्विसंवादि पेशलम्

-- Translation -- Kale hitaṃ mitaṃ brūyādvisamvādi peśalam

· · ·

पूर्वाभिभाषी, सुमुखः सुशीलः करणामृदुः नैकः, सुखी, न सर्वत्र विश्वास्यो न शड्कितः न कञ्चिदात्मनः शत्रुं नातमानं कस्मिश्चित्प्रियम् प्रकाशयेन् नापमानं न च निःस्नेहतां प्रभोः

-- Translation -- Purva abhibhashi, sumukhaḥa suśheelaha karunāmṛduḥ na ekaḥ, sukhī, na sarvatra viśvrabdho na śaṅkitaha na kañcidātmanaḥ śatruṃ nātmānaṃ kasyaścitprīyam prakāśayen napamānaṃ na cha niḥsnehatāṃ prabhōḥ

· · ·

जनस्याशयमालक्ष्य यो यथा परितुष्यति तं तथैवानुवर्तेत पराराधनपण्डितः

-- Translation -- Janasyāśayamalakṣya yo yathā parituṣyati taṃ tathaivānuvarteta parārādhanapaṇḍitaḥ

· · ·

न पीडयेदिन्द्रियाणि न चैतान्यतिलालयेत्

-- Translation -- Na pīḍayedindriyāṇi na caitānyatilālayet

· · ·

त्रिवर्गशून्यानि नोरेम्भे भजेत चातिवाधीनम्

-- Translation -- Trivargaśūnyāni norambhe bhajeta cātivādhinam

· · ·

अनुयायात्प्रतिपदं सर्वधर्मेषु मध्यमाम्

-- Translation -- Anuyāyāt pratipadaṃ sarvadharmēṣu madhyamām

· · ·

नीचरोमनखश्मश्रुर्निर्मलाड्घ्रिमलायनः स्नानशीलः सुसुरभिः सुवेषो अनुल्बणोज्ज्वलः

· · ·

धारयेत्सततं रत्नसिद्धिमन्त्रमहौषधीः सातपत्रपदत्राणो विचरेद्युगमात्रतक् निशि चात्ययिके कार्य दण्डी मौलि सहायवान्

· · ·

चैत्यपूजध्वजास्तच्छायाभस्मतुषाशुचीन् नाक्रामेच्छङ्करालोष्ठबलिस्नानभुवो न च

· · ·

नदीन् तरेन् न बाहुभ्यां, नाग्निस्कन्धमभिव्रजेत सन्ध्यग्धनावं वृक्षं च नारोहेदुष्टयानवत्

· · ·

नासंवृतमुखः कार्यात्क्षुतिहास्यविग्रहणम्

· · ·

नासिकां न विकृष्णीयान्नाकस्मादविलिखेद्‌दुवम् नाङ्गैश्चेष्टेत विगुणं, नासीतोत्कटकशिरम्

· · ·

देहवाक्चेतसां चेष्टा:प्राक् श्रमाद्विनिवर्त्तयेत् नोर्ध्वजानुशयिरं तिष्ठेत्

· · ·

नक्तं सेवेत न द्रुमं तथा चत्वरैत्यान्तश्चतुष्पथसुरालयान् सुनाटवीशून्यगृहश्मशानानि दिवा अपि न

· · ·

सर्वथैक्षेत नादित्यं, न भारं शिरसा वहेत् नेक्षेत प्रततं सूक्ष्मं दीप्तामेध्याप्रियाणि च

· · ·

मध्यविक्रयसन्धानदानादानादानि नाचरेत्

· · ·

पुरोवातातपपरजस्तुषारपरुषानिलान् अन्रुजः क्षत्थुद्गरकारकासस्वप्नान्मैथुनम् कूलछायां नृपदृृष्टं व्यालदृष्टिविपाणिनः हीनानार्यैर्ॐतिनिपुणसेवां विग्रहमूत्तमैः सन्ध्यास्वभयेभयहारस्त्रीस्वप्नाध्ययनचिन्तनम् शस्त्रुसत्रगणाकीर्णगणिकापणिकाशनम् गात्रवक्रनखैर्विध्यं हस्तकेशवधावनम् तोयाग्निपूज्यमध्ये यानं धूमं शवाश्रयम् मध्यातिसक्तिं विश्रम्भस्न्वातन्वये स्त्रीषु च त्यजेत्

· · ·

आचार्य: सर्ववेष्टासु लोक एवं हि धीमतः

-- Translation -- ācāryaḥ sarvaveṣṭāsu loka evaṃ hi dhīmataḥ

· · ·

अनुकुर्यात्तमेवातो लौकिकेऽर्थ परीक्षक:

-- Translation -- anukuryāttamevāto laukike'ŕtha pareṣakṣaḥ

· · ·

आद्र्सन्तानता त्याग: काव्याक्षेतसां दमः

-- Translation -- ādṛsantānatā tyāgaḥ kāvyākṣetasāṃ damaḥ

· · ·

स्वार्थबुद्धि: परार्थषु पर्याप्तमिति सद्व्रतम्

-- Translation -- svārthabuddhiḥ parārtheṣu paryāptamiti sadvratam

· · ·

नक्तंदिनानि याल्लिन कथमभ्रतस्य सम्पत्ति

-- Translation -- naktandināni yāllina kathambhratasya sampatti

· · ·

दुःखभाजन भवत्येवं नित्यं सन्निहितस्मृति:

-- Translation -- duḥkhabhājanabhavatyevaṃ nityaṃ sannihitasmṛtiḥ

· · ·

इत्याचार: समासेन यं प्राप्नोति समाचरन्

-- Translation -- ityācāraḥ samāsena yaṃ prāpnoti samācaran

· · ·

आयुरारोग्यमैश्वर्य यशो लो कांश्च शाश्वतान्

-- Translation -- āyurārogyamaiśvarya yaso lo kāṃśca śāśvatān

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ritucharya - Ayurvedic Seasonal Regimen

· · ·

Ritucharya is the 3rd chapter of Ashtanga Hrudayam. The word Ritucharya is made of two words - Ritu means seasons Charya means do's and don'ts (regimen). This important chapter discusses in detail regarding different seasons and the regimen to be followed.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Six Seasons - in the Ancient Ayurvedic Calendar -

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

मासैर्द्विसंघयैर्माघाद्यैः क्रमात् षट् ऋतवः स्मृताः

-- Translation -- maasairdvisanghayairmaaghyaaih kramaat shat ritavaha smrutaah

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

शिशिरोऽथ वसन्तश्च ग्रीष्मो वर्षशरद्धिमा

-- Translation -- shishiro'atha vasantashcha greeshmo varshasharaddhimaa

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

शिशिराद्यास्वस्तिभिस्तैस्तु विध्यादयनमुत्तरम्

-- Translation -- shishiraadyasvstibhistaiHstu vidhyaadyanamuttaram

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

आदानं च, तदादत्ते नृणां प्रतिदिनं बलम्

-- Translation -- aadaanam cha, tadaadatte nrNaam pratidinam balam

· · ·

-- Translation -- A season (Ritu) is comprised of two months (two Masa).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shishira Ritu (winter, dewy season) - Magha and Phalguna (Mid January - Mid March)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vasanta Ritu (Spring season) - Chaitra and Vaishakha (Mid March - Mid May)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Greeshma Ritu (Summer season) - Jyeshta and Ashadha (Mid May to Mid July)

· · ·

-- Translation -- The above three Ritus form Uttarayan - Northern solstice. Here, fire is dominant. It is also called as Adana Kala, wherein the human strength is relatively low.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Varsha Ritu (Rainy Season) - Shravana and Bhadrapada - Mid July -mid September

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sharath Ritu (Autumn season) - Ashvayuja and Karthika - Mid September to Mid November

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hemanta Ritu (Winter season) - Margashira and Pushya - Mid November to Mid January

· · ·

-- Translation -- These three seasons form Dakshinayana - Southern solstice. It is also called as Visarga Kala, wherein the human strength will be relatively high.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Uttarayana - Adana kala - Northern Solstice - mid January - mid July

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

तस्मिन् ह यत्थयेत्यक्तिक्षपणरूक्षैः मार्गस्वभावतः

-- Translation -- tasmin ha yatthyayetyaktikshapNarUkshaih maargasvabhaavatah

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

आदित्यपवना: सौम्यान् क्षपयित्त गुणान् भुवः

-- Translation -- aadityapavanaaH saumyaan kshapayitta guNaan bhuvaha

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

तिक्तः कषायः कटुको बलिनोऽन्न रसा क्रमात्

-- Translation -- tiktaH kashayaH kaTuko balino'anna rasaa kramaat

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

तस्मादादानमाग्नेयम्

-- Translation -- tasmaaadaadanaamaagneyaM

· · ·

-- Translation -- Because of the nature of the path, both the Sun and wind become very strong, powerful and dry during this half of the year. It takes away all the cooling qualities of the earth. Bitter, Astringent and Pungent tastes (Tikta, kashaya and Katu Rasas) will be more powerful, respectively, in the successive Ritus. Hence Adana Kala is dominated by fire.

· · ·

ऋतवो दक्षिणायनम्

· · ·

वर्षादयो विसर्गश्च यदबलं विसृजत्ययम्

· · ·

सौम्यत्वादत्र सोमो हि बलवान् हीयते रवि:

· · ·

मेघवृष्ट्यनिलै: शीतै: शान्ततापे महीतले

· · ·

स्निग्धाश्चेहाम्ललवणमधुरा बलिनो रसाः:

· · ·

-- Translation -- During this period, the Sun releases strength of the people. Here moon is more powerful, earth is cooled down due to clouds, rain and cold wind. Sour, Salt and sweet (Amla, Lavana and Madhura) tastes are dominant respectively during the three seasons of this period.

· · ·

शीते अग्यं, वृष्टि गhrme अल्पं बलं, मध्यं तु शेषयो: ।

· · ·

śīte agyaṃ, vrṣṭi gharme alpaṃ balaṃ, madhyaṃ tu śeṣayo: |

· · ·

-- Translation -- Winter - Hemanta and Shishira - mid November - mid March - Highest strength Summer and rainy seasons - mid May - mid September - Lowest strength Spring and Autumn - Medium strength.

· · ·

बलिन:

शीतसरोधादेमन्ते प्रबलो अनल:

· · ·

भवत्यल्पेनधनो धातून् स पचेत्त्वायुनेरित:

· · ·

अतो हिमे अस्मिन्सेवेत स्वादवम्लवणात्रसनं

· · ·

-- Translation -- During Hemanta, the people are strong, digestive fire becomes powerful, because it gets obstructed from flowing outward due to external winter. Like fuel consumes the things that it comes into contact, digestive fire may cause emaciation of body tissues. Hence, in this period, one should consume food predominant with sweet sour and salt tastes.

· · ·

दैर्घ्यानिशानामेतर्हि प्रातरेव बुबुक्षित:

· · ·

अवश्यकार्य सम्भाव्य यथोक्तं शीलयेदनु

· · ·

वातघ्नतैलैरभ्यङ्गं मूर्ध्नि तैलं विमर्दनम्

· · ·

नियुदं कुशले: सार्धं पादाघातं च युक्तित:

· · ·

-- Translation -- As the nights are longer, person feels hungry early in the morning. So, after attending to oblations, one should resort to Abhaynga (oil massage) with oils that have Vata balancing properties. Massage should be done especially to scalp and forehead. Mild massaging, wrestling till one’s half strength and trampling of the body is recommended.

· · ·

कषायपहृतस्नेहस्ततः स्नातो यथाविधि

· · ·

कुडकुमेन सदर्पण प्रदिग्धो अगुरुधूपितः

· · ·

रसान् स्निग्धं पलं पुष्टं गौडमरचछसुरां सुराम्

· · ·

गोधूमपिष्टमाषक्षीरौरोथ्यविकृती: शुभा:

· · ·

नवमन्नं वसां तैलं शौचकार्ये सुखोदकम्

· · ·

प्रावाराजिनकौशेयप्रवेणीकौचवास्तुतम्

· · ·

उष्णस्वभावैरौषधि: प्रावृत: रथ्यां भजेत्

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युक्त्या अर्ककिरणान् स्वेदं पादत्राणं च सर्वदा

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-- Translation -- After this, oil is washed off with astringent powders and bathing. Then fine powder of Saffron and kasthuri (musk) is applied. The body is exposed to the fumes of aguru (Aquilaria agallocha) and kudukumen (saffron) is applied on the body. Since the digestion power is high, heavy-to-digest food such as meat soup mixed with fats, meat of well nourished animals, wine prepared with jaggery, supernatant part of wine (Sura) should be had more.

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-- Translation -- Food prepared with wheat flour, black gram products of sugarcane and of milk, food prepared from freshly harvested corn, muscles, fat and edible oils should be partaken as food. Warm water should be used for oblations, thick sheet made of cotton, leather, silk, wool or bark of trees that are light in weight should be used during sleep. Exposure to sunlight and fire should be resorted to, judiciously. Foot wear should be worn always.

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पीवरोरुस्तनश्रोणि: समदा: प्रमदा: प्रिया:

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हरन्ति शीतमुष्णाड्गयो धूपकुडकुमयौवनै:

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-- Translation -- Women who have - well developed thighs, breasts, buttocks, who are enchanting, and exhilarated by the use of - fragrant fumes, scents, youthfulness, and thus made warm in their body, who are liked, drive away the cold by their embrace. One may have sex as per his liking.

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अड्गारतापसन्तप्तगरभभूवेश्मचारिण:

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शीतपारुष्यजनितो न दोषो जातु जायते

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-- Translation -- Persons who spend their time residing in houses kept warm by fire, in inner most apartment encircled with others, or in underground chambers, will not be affected by diseases due to cold and dryness.

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-- Translation -- Overall, in Hemanta Ritu, the strength and digestion power are more. Hence one can exercise, undergo oil massage, eat heavy foods and may have sex.

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अयमेव विधि: कार्य: शिशिरेऽपि विशेषत: । तदा हि शीतमधिकं रूक्ष्यं चादनकालजम्

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ayameva vidhiḥ kāryaḥ śśire’pi viśeṣataḥ | tadā hi śītamadhikaṃ raukṣyaṃ cādānākālajam

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-- Translation -- Even in shishira Ritu, the same regimen, as described above should be adopted with more intensity. During this period cold is severe and dryness more.

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Page No. 27

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ऋतवो दक्षिणायनम्

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वर्षादयो विसर्गश्च यदबलं विसृजत्ययम्

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सौम्यत्वादत्र सोमो हि बलवान् हीयते रवि:

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मेघवृष्ट्यनिलै: शीतै: शान्ततापे महीतले

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स्निग्धाश्चेहाम्ललवणमधुरा बलिनो रसा:

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-- Translation -- During this period, the Sun releases strength of the people. Here moon is more powerful, earth is cooled down due to clouds, rain and cold wind. Sour, Salt and sweet (Amla, Lavana and Madhura) tastes are dominant respectively during the three seasons of this period.

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शीते अग्यं, वृष्टि गृहम् अल्पं बलं, मध्यं तु शेषयो:।

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शीते अग्यं, वृष्टि गृहम् अल्पं बलं, मध्यं तु शेषयो:

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-- Translation -- Winter - Hemanta and Shishira - mid November - mid March - Highest strength

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-- Translation -- Summer and rainy seasons - mid May - mid September - Lowest strength

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-- Translation -- Spring and Autumn - Medium strength.

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बलिन: शीतसरोधादेमन्ते प्रबलो अनल:

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भवत्यल्पेनधनो धातून् स पचेत्त्वर्यनेरित:

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अतो हिमे अस्मिन्सेवेत स्वादवम्ललवणात्रसनं

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-- Translation -- During Hemanta, the people are strong, digestive fire becomes powerful, because it gets obstructed from flowing outward due to external winter. Like fuel consumes the things that it comes into contact, digestive fire may cause emaciation of body tissues. Hence, in this period, one should consume food predominant with sweet sour and salt tastes.

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दैर्घ्यानिशानामेतर्हि प्रातरेव बुबुक्षित:

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अवश्यकार्य सम्भाव्य यथोक्तं शीलयेदनु

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वातघ्नतैलैरभ्यङ्गं मूर्ध्नि तैलं विमर्दनम्

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नियुदं कुशले: सार्धं पादाघातं च युक्तित:

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-- Translation -- As the nights are longer, person feels hungry early in the morning. So, after attending to oblations, one should resort to Abhaynga (oil massage) with oils that have Vata balancing properties. Massage should be done especially to scalp and forehead. Mild massaging, wrestling till one’s half strength and trampling of the body is recommended.

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कफश्चितो हि शिशिरे वसन्ते अर्कांशुतापितः hत्वा अग्निं कुरुतो रोगानस्तं त्वरया जयेत् तीक्ष्णैर्वमननस्याद्यैरलंघुरुक्शैश्च भोजनैः व्यायामोदवर्तनाघातैर्जितया श्लेष्माणमूल्बणम् स्नातोऽनुलिप्तः कर्पूरचन्दनागुरुकुङ्कुमैः पुराणयवगोधूमक्षौद्रजागलशल्यभुक् सहकाररसौद्रिमश्रानास्वादय प्रियया अर्पितान् प्रियास्यसड्गसुरभीन् प्रियनेत्रोपलाङ्कितान् सौमनस्यकरोतो हृद्यान् त्रयस्यैः सहितः पिबेत् निर्ददनासवारिष्टसिद्धुमाद्यैवकामधवान् शुङ्गबेराम्बु साराम्बु मध्वम्बु जलदाम्बु च

-- Translation -- Kapha which has undergone increase in Shishira (cold season) becomes liquefied by the heat of the Sun in Vasanta (spring). It diminishes the digestive fire (Agni) and gives rise to many diseases. Hence Kapha should be controlled quickly, by resorting to strong emesis therapy (Vamana Panchakarma procedure), Nasya (nasal medication) and other therapies. Food should also be chosen to mitigate Kapha, that are easily digestible and dry (moisture-free, fat-free). Physical exercises, dry massage and mild trampling should be done. Having thus mitigated the kapha, the person should take bath, anoint the body with the paste of karpura (camphor), candana (sandalwood), aguru (Aquilaria agallocha), and kumkuma (saffron). Have one year old barley, wheat and honey, meat of animals of desert-like land, and meat roasted in fire as food; Drink the juice of mango fruit mixed with fragrant substances, in the company of friends, getting it served by the beloved; the drink, thereby producing satisfaction. Beverages such as asava (fermented infusion), arista (fermented decoction), sidhu (fermented infusion), mardvika (fermented grape juice), or sarambu (extract of trees such as asana, candana etc.) or water mixed with honey, or water boiled with jalada (musta - Nut grass). 18-22

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दक्षिणानिलशीतेषु परितो जलवहिषु अदृष्टनष्टसूर्येषु मणिकुटिमकान्तिषु परपुष्टविघुष्टेषु कामकर्मान्तभिषु विचित्रपुष्पवृक्षेषु कानेपु सुगन्धिषु गोष्ठीकथाभिश्चित्राभिरिमैर्मध्याहनं मयेत्सुखी

-- Translation -- The person should spend his midday in the company of friends engaged in pleasant games, pastimes, story telling etc., in forests (or gardens). The gardens should have cool breeze from south direction, with plenty of reservoirs of water all around, invisible or poor sunlight, the

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कषायपहृतस्नेहस्ततः स्नातो यथाविधि

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कुडकुमेन सदर्पण प्रदिग्धो अगुरुधूपितः

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रसान् स्निग्धं पलं पुष्टं गौडमरचछसुरां सुराम्

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गोधूमपिष्टमाषक्षीरौरोथ्यविकृती: शुभा:

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नवमन्नं वसां तैलं शौचकार्ये सुखोदकम्

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प्रावाराजिनकौशेयप्रवेणीकोचवास्तुतम्

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उष्णस्वभावैरौषधै: प्रावृतं रसायनं भजेत्

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युक्त्या अर्ककिरणान् स्वेदं पादत्राणं च सर्वदा

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-- Translation -- After this, oil is washed off with astringent powders and bathing. Then fine powder of Saffron and kasthuri (musk) is applied. The body is exposed to the fumes of aguru (Aquilaria agallocha) and kudukumen (saffron). Since the digestion power is high, heavy-to-digest food such as meat soup mixed with fats, meat of well nourished animals, wine prepared with jaggery, supernatant part of wine (Sura) should be had more.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Food prepared with wheat flour, black gram products of sugarcane and of milk, food prepared from freshly harvested corn, muscles, fat and edible oils should be partaken as food. Warm water should be used for oblations, thick sheet made of cotton, leather, silk, wool or bark of trees that are light in weight should be used during sleep. Exposure to sunlight and fire should be resorted to, judiciously. Foot wear should be worn always.

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पीवरोरस्तनश्रोण्य: समदा: प्रमदा: प्रिया:

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हरन्ति शीतमुष्णाड्गयो धूपकुडकुमयोवने:

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-- Translation -- Women who have - well developed thighs, breasts, buttocks, who are enchanting, and exhilarated by the use of - fragrant fumes, scents, youthfulness, and thus made warm in their body, who are liked, drive away the cold by their embrace. One may have sex as per his liking.

· · ·

अड्गारतापसन्तप्तगरभभूवेश्मचारिण:

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शीतपारुष्यजनितो न दोषो जातु जायते

· · ·

-- Translation -- Persons who spend their time residing in houses kept warm by fire, in inner most apartment encircled with others, or in underground chambers, will not be affected by diseases due to cold and dryness.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Overall, in Hemanta Ritu, the strength and digestion power are more. Hence one can exercise, undergo oil massage, eat heavy foods and may have sex.

· · ·

अयमेव विधि: कार्य: शिशिरेऽपि विशेषत: । तदा हि शीतमधिकं रूक्ष्यं चादनकालजम्

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ayameva vidhiḥ kāryaḥ śśire'pi viśeṣataḥ | tadā hi śītamadhikaṁ raukṣyaṁ cādānakālajam

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-- Translation -- Even in shishira Ritu, the same regimen, as described above should be adopted with more intensity. During this period cold is severe and dryness more.

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गुरुशीतदिवास्वप्नस्निग्धाम्लमधुरास्त्यजेत्

-- Translation -- Avoid foods that are hard to-digest and cold, sleeping at day time, foods which are fatty, sour and sweet. Because, all these will increase Kapha.

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तीक्ष्णांशुरतितीक्ष्णांशुग्रीष्मे संक्षिप्तीं यत्

-- Translation -- In Greesma (summer) the sun rays become powerful and appear to be destructive. Kapha decreases day by day and Vata increases consequently, hence avoid use of salt, pungent and sour

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प्रत्यहं क्षीयते श्लेष्मा तेन वायुश्च वर्धते

-- Translation -- foods, heavy physical exercises and exposure to sunlight, during this season. 26-27

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अतो अस्मिन्प्रटुकटत्वम्लव्यायामार्कास्त्यजेत्

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भजेन् मधुरसेवान्नं लघु स्निग्धं हिमं द्रवम्

-- Translation -- Food which are sweet, light (easy to digest), fatty, cold and liquid should be taken, take

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सुशीततोयसिक्ताड्गो लिह्यात्त्सक्तून् सशर्करान्

-- Translation -- cornflour mixed with cold water and sugar after taking bath in cold water.

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[ Sutra 29 ]

मद्यं न पेयं, पेयं वा स्वल्पं, सुभुवारी वा । अन्यथा शोफ शैथिल्य दाह मोहान् करोति तत्

-- Translation -- Madhya (wine) should not be taken; if very necessary, taken in very little quantity or diluted with more quantity of water; if wine is taken in large doses, it will cause inflamatory conditions, and

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[ Sutra 29 ]

मद्यं न पेयं, पेयं वा स्वल्पं, सुभुवारी वा । अन्यथा शोफ शैथिल्य दाह मोहान् करोति तत् ॥ २९

-- Translation -- it will make the body fragile and weak, increases burning sensation and causes delusion.

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कुनदेन् दुधवलं शालिमश्नोयाज्जाड्गलै: पलै:

-- Translation -- During summer, boiled rice, which is white in colour, (like full moon) should be eaten along with meat

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पिबेदसं नातिघनं रसान् रागखण्डवौ

-- Translation -- of animals of desert.

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पानकं पञ्चसारं वा नवमृद्वाजने स्थितम्

-- Translation -- Meat juice (Mamsarasa) which is not very thick,

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मोचचोचदलैरयुक्तं साम्लं मुनमयशकितभि:

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पाटलावासितं चाम्भ: सकर्प्पूरं सुशीतलम्

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कफश्चितो हि शिशिरे वसन्ते अर्कांशुतापितः hत्वा अग्निं कुरुतेऽरोगानस्तं त्वरया जयेत् तीक्ष्णैर्वमननस्याद्यैरलंघुरुक्शैश्च भोजनैः व्यायामोदवर्तनाघातैर्जितया श्लेष्माणमुल्बणम् स्नातोऽनुलिप्तः कर्पूरचन्दनागुरुकुङ्कुमैः पुराणयवगोधूमक्षौद्रजागलशल्यभुक् सहकाररसौद्भ्रंशानास्वादय प्रियया अर्पितान् प्रियास्यसड्गसुरभीन् प्रियनेत्रोत्पलाइकितान् सौमनस्यकृतो हृद्यान् त्रयस्यैः सहितः पिबेत् निर्ददनासवारिष्टसिद्धुमाद्यैकमाधवान् शृङ्गबेराम्बु सारा्म्बु मध्यमम्बु जलदाम्बु च

-- Translation -- Kapha which has undergone increase in Shishira (cold season) becomes liquefied by the heat of the Sun in Vasanta (spring). It diminishes the digestive fire (Agni) and gives rise to many diseases. Hence Kapha should be controlled quickly, by resorting to strong emesis therapy (Vamana Panchakarma procedure), Nasya (nasal medication) and other therapies. Food should also be chosen to mitigate Kapha, that are easily digestible and dry (moisture-free, fat-free). Physical exercises, dry massage and mild trampling should be done. Having thus mitigated the kapha, the person should take bath, anoint the body with the paste of karpura (camphor), candana (sandalwood), aguru (Aquilaria agallocha), and kumkuma (saffron). Have one year old barley, wheat and honey, meat of animals of desert-like land, and meat roasted in fire as food; Drink the juice of mango fruit mixed with fragrant substances, in the company of friends, getting it served by the beloved; the drink, thereby producing satisfaction. Beverages such as asava (fermented infusion), arista (fermented decoction), sidhu (fermented infusion), mardvika (fermented grape juice), or sarambu (extract of trees such as asana, candana etc.) or water mixed with honey, or water boiled with jalada (musta - Nut grass). 18-22

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दक्षिणानिलशीतेषु परितो जलवहिषु अदृष्टनष्टसूर्येषु मणिकुञ्चिमकान्तिषु परपुष्टविघुष्टेषु कामकर्मान्तभिषु विचित्रपुष्पवृक्षेषु कानेपु सुगन्धिषु गोष्ठीकथाभिशचित्राभिरिमैर्मध्याहयनं मयेत्सुखी

-- Translation -- The person should spend his midday in the company of friends engaged in pleasant games, pastimes, story telling etc., in forests (or gardens). The gardens should have cool breeze from south direction, with plenty of reservoirs of water all around, invisible or poor sunlight, the

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-- Translation -- Rasala (curds churned and mixed with pepper powder and sugar), Raga (syrup which is sweet, sour and salty) and Khandava (syrup which has all the tastes, prepared with many substances), Panaka panchasara, (syrup prepared with raisins (draksha), madhuka, dates (karjura), kasmarya, and parushaka fruits all in equal quantities, cooled and added with powder of cinnamon leaves, cinnamon and cardamom etc) and kept inside a fresh mud pot, along with leaves of plantain and coconut trees, and made sour (fermented) should be drunk in mugs of mud or shell; Very cool water kept in mud pot along with flowers of patala and karpura (camphor) should be used for drinking.

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शशाङ्ककिरणान् भक्ष्यान् रजन्यां भक्षयन् पिबेत् ससितं महिषं क्षीरं चन्द्रनक्षत्रशीतलम्

-- Translation -- Food articles like sasanka kirana (hollow, finger-like, fried pastry made of corn flour) should be taken at night; Buffalo milk mixed with sugar and cooled by moonlight and the stars should be used for drinking. 33-36

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अभ्रडक्रमहाशालतरुड्घोषणरशिमषु वनेषु माध्वीशिलष्टद्राक्षास्तवकशालिषु सुगन्धिहिमपानीयसिच्यमानपटालिके काञ्चनाचितचूतप्रवालफललोभांभः: कदलीदलकहलारमृणालकमालोत्पलै: कोमलै: कल्पिते तल्पे हस्तकुसुमपल्लवैर्मध्यंदिनेऽर्कतापार्तः स्वप्यादारागृहे अथवा पुष्पस्त्रीस्तनहस्तास्यप्रवृत्तौशीवारिणि

-- Translation -- Day time should be spent in forests having tall trees reaching the sky such as shala (Shorea robusta, Tala - Borassus flabellifera etc, which obstruct the hot rays of the sun, or in houses around which bunches of flowers and grapes are hanging from their creepers. Sheets of cloth spreading sweet scented water, are arranged (to fan the air) , all around. Sleep on soft bed prepared with flowers of banana, kalbora, lotus etc. with fully blossomed flowers place all over.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Spend the day remaining inside the house cooled by water fountains, water being scented with usheera (Cus Cus grass), and thereby relieve yourself from the heat of the sun.

· · ·

निशाकरकराकीर्ण सौधपृष्ठे निरासु च आसना स्वस्थचित्तस्य चन्दनाद्रेःस्य मालिनः निवृत्तकामतनुत्रस्य सुसूक्ष्मतनुवाससः जलार्द्रतलवृन्तानि विस्तृताः परिघीपुटाः उत्क्षेपाश्च मृत्क्षेपाश्च जलवर्षिहिमानिलाः कर्पूरमल्लिकामाला हाराः सहरिचन्दनाः

· · ·

गुरुशीतदिवास्वप्नस्निग्धाम्लमधुरान्त्यजेत्‌

-- Translation -- Avoid foods that are hard to-digest and cold, sleeping at day time, foods which are fatty, sour and sweet. Because, all these will increase Kapha.

· · ·

तीक्ष्णांशुरतितीक्ष्णांशुग्रीष्मे संक्षीयतீव यत्‌ प्रत्यहं क्षीयते श्लेष्मा तेन वायुश्च वर्धते अतोऽस्मिन्प्रटुकटत्वम्लव्यायामार्कान्स्त्यजेत्

-- Translation -- In Greesma (summer) the sun rays become powerful and appear to be destructive. Kapha decreases day by day and Vata increases consequently, hence avoid use of salt, pungent and sour foods, heavy physical exercises and exposure to sunlight, during this season. 26-27

· · ·

भजेन्‍मधुरसेवान्नं लघु स्निग्धं हिमं द्रवम्‌ सुशीततोयसिक्ताङ्गो लिह्यात्सक्तून् सशर्करान्

-- Translation -- Food which are sweet, light (easy to digest), fatty, cold and liquid should be taken, take cornflour mixed with cold water and sugar after taking bath in cold water.

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

मद्यं न पेयं, पेयं वा स्वल्पं, सुभुवारी वा । अन्यथा शोफ शैथिल्य दाह मोहान् करोति तत् ॥ २९ madyam na peyam, peyam vā svalpam, subhuvāri vā | anyathā śopha śaithilya dāha mohān karoti tat || 29

-- Translation -- Madya (wine) should not be taken; if very necessary, taken in very little quantity or diluted with more quantity of water; if wine is taken in large doses, it will cause inflammatory conditions, and it will make the body fragile and weak, increases burning sensation and causes delusion.

· · ·

कुन्‍देन्दुदुधवलं शालिमश्नीयाज्‍जाड्गले: पले: पिबेद्रसं नातिघनं रसालं रागखण्डवौ पानकं पञ्चसारं वा नवमृद्व्राजने स्थितम्‌ मोचचोदलैरयुक्तं साम्लं मुन्‍मयशक्तितभि: पाटलावासितं चाम्भ: सक्‍पृं सुशीतलम्

-- Translation -- During summer, boiled rice, which is white in colour, (like full moon) should be eaten along with meat of animals of desert. Meat juice (Mamsarasa) which is not very thick,

· · ·

मनोहरकलालापाः शिशवः सारिकाः शुकाः

· · ·

मृणालवलयाः कान्ताः प्रोत्तप्फुल्लकमलोज्ज्वलाः ।

· · ·

जङ्गमाः इव पद्मिन्यो हरन्ति दयिताः क्लमम् ।

· · ·

आदानग्लानवपुषामग्नि सन्नो अपि सीदति

· · ·

वर्षासु दोषैर्‌दूष्यन्ते अम्बुम्बुबुदे अम्बरे ।

· · ·

सतुषारेण मरुता सहसा शीतलेन च

· · ·

भूवाष्पेणऽम्लपाकेन मलिनेन च वारिणा ।

· · ·

वह्निनैव च मन्तेन, तेष्वित्यन्यैर्‌दूषिषु

· · ·

भजेत्साधारणं सर्वमूषणस्तेजनं च यत्‌ ।

· · ·

आस्थापन शुद्धतम अनुजान धान्यानि रसान् कृतान्‌ ।

· · ·

जाङ्गलं पिशितं यूषान् मध्वरिष्टं चिरन्तनम्‌ ।

· · ·

मस्तु सौर्‌वर्चलादयं वा पथ्यकोलावचूर्णितम्‌ ।

· · ·

दिव्यं कौपं श्रुतं चाम्बो भोजनं त्वतिदुर्दिने

· · ·

व्यक्ताम्ललवणास्नेहं संशुष्कं क्षौद्रवल्लभु ।

· · ·

-- Translation -- Rasala (curds churned and mixed with pepper powder and sugar), Raga (syrup which is sweet, sour and salty) and Khandava (syrup which has all the tastes, prepared with many substances), Panaka panchasara, (syrup prepared with raisins (draksha), madhuka, dates (karjura), kasmarya, and parushaka fruits all in equal quantities, cooled and added with powder of cinnamon leaves, cinnamon and cardamom etc) and kept inside a fresh mud pot, along with leaves of plantain and coconut trees, and made sour (fermented) should be drunk in mugs of mud or shell; Very cool water kept in mud pot along with flowers of patala and karpura (camphor) should be used for drinking.

· · ·

शशाङ्ककिरणान् भक्ष्यान् रजन्यां भक्षयन् पिबेत् ससितं महिषं क्षीरं चन्द्रनक्षत्रशीतलम्

-- Translation -- Food articles like sasanka kirana (hollow, finger-like, fried pastry made of corn flour) should be taken at night; Buffalo milk mixed with sugar and cooled by moonlight and the stars should be used for drinking. 33-36

· · ·

अभ्रडक्रमहाशालतरुड्घोषणरशिमषु वनेषु माध्वीशिलष्टद्राक्षास्तवकशालिषु सुगन्धिहिमपानीयसिच्यमानपटालिके काञ्चनाचितचूतप्रवालफललोभांबुभि: कदलीदलकहलारमृणालकमालोत्पलै: कोमलै: कल्पिते तल्पे हस्तकुसुमपल्लवैर्मध्यंदिनेऽर्कतापार्त: स्वप्यादारागृहे अथवा पुष्पस्त्रीस्तनहस्तास्यप्रवृत्तौशीरवारीणि

-- Translation -- Day time should be spent in forests having tall trees reaching the sky such as shala (Shorea robusta, Tala - Borassus flabellifera etc, which obstruct the hot rays of the sun, or in houses around which bunches of flowers and grapes are hanging from their creepers. Sheets of cloth spreading sweet scented water, are arranged (to fan the air) , all around. Sleep on soft bed prepared with flowers of banana, kalbora, lotus etc. with fully blossomed flowers place all over.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Spend the day remaining inside the house cooled by water fountains, water being scented with usheera (Cus Cus grass), and thereby relieve yourself from the heat of the sun.

· · ·

निशाकरकराकीर्ण सौधपृष्ठे निरासु च आसना स्वस्थचित्तस्य चन्दनाद्रे: मालिन: निवृत्तकामतनुत्रस्य सुसूक्ष्मतनुवासस: जलार्द्रतलवृन्तानि विस्त्रुताः परिधीपुटाः उत्क्षेपाश्च मृत्क्षेपाश्च जलवर्षिहिमानिलाः कर्पूरमल्लिकामाला हाराः सहरिचन्दनाः

· · ·

-- Translation -- salt and powder of panchakola, should be used for drinking. On days of no sunlight at all, the food should predominantly sour, salty and unctuous, dry, mixed with honey and easily digestible. 45-46 ½

· · ·

सततं धूपिताम्बर: हम्य्पृष्ठे वसेद्बाष्पशीतशीकरवर्जिते

-- Translation -- Person should not move about on foot (move only on vehicles) should use perfumes, expose his clothes to fragrant fumes, dwell in upper stories of the house, devoid of heat, cold and snow.

· · ·

नदीजलोदमन्था: स्वप्नायासतपांस्यजेत

-- Translation -- Avoid - River water, udamantha (beverage prepared with flour of corns mixed with ghee), sleeping at daytime, exertion and exposure to Sun. 48

· · ·

वर्षाशीतोचिताद्गानां सहसेवाकरिषभि: तप्तानां सज्जितं वृषटौ पित्तं शरदि कुण्यति तज्जयाय घृतं तिक्तं विरेको रक्तमोक्षणम

-- Translation -- The person becomes accustomed to the cold of rainy season. When he gets suddenly exposed to the warm rays of Sun, the Pitta, which has undergone increase in Varsha (rainy season) becomes greatly aggravated during sharath (autumn). In order to get over it, Tikta ghrita (medicated ghee recipe described in the treatment of kustha chapter 19 of Chikitsa sthana), purgation therapy and blood letting should be resorted to. 49 ½

· · ·

तिक्तं स्वादु कषायं च क्षुधितो अन्नं भजेल्लघु शालिमुद्ग सिताधात्रीपटोलमधुजांगलम

-- Translation -- When hungry, the person should take foods which are of bitter, sweet and astringent tastes, and easily digestible such as Rice, green gram, sugar, Amla, Patola, honey and meat of animals of desert-like lands. 50 ½

· · ·

तप्तं तप्तांशुकिरणै: शीतं शीतांशु रश्मिभि: । समन्तात् अप्यहोरात्रं अगस्त्योदय निर्विषम् । शुचि हंसोदकं नाम निर्मलं मलजिज्जलम् ।। नाभिष्यन्दि न वा रूक्षं पानादिषु अमृतोपमम् ।

-- Translation -- The water which gets heated by the hot rays of the sun during day cooled by the cool rays of the moon during night, for many days continuously, which has been de-poisoned (detoxicated) by

· · ·

taptam tāptāṃśukiraṇaiḥ śītaṃ śītāmśu raśmibhiḥ || samantāt apyahorātraṃ agastyodaya nirviṣam | śuci haṃsodakaṃ nāma nirmalaṃ malajijjalam || nābhiṣyandi na vā rūkṣaṃ pānādiṣu amṛtopamam |

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 32

· · ·

मनोहरकलालापः शिशवः सारिकाः शुकाः

· · ·

मृणालवलयाः कान्ताः प्रोत्तप्फुल्लकमलोज्ज्वलाः ।

· · ·

जङ्गमाः इव पद्मिन्यो हरन्ति दयिताः क्लमम् ।

· · ·

[ Sutra 5. ]

Varsha Ritu carya- (Ayurveda seasonal regimen for rainy season) - Mid July - Mid September:

· · ·

आदानग्लानवपुषामग्नि सन्नोऽपि सीदति

· · ·

वर्षासु दोषैर्‌दूष्यन्न्ते अम्बुमम्बुदै अम्बरे ।

· · ·

सतुषारेण मरुता सहसा शीतलेन च

· · ·

भूवाष्पेणऽम्लपाकेन मलिनेन च वारिणा ।

· · ·

वह्निनैव च मन्तेन, तेष्वित्यन्यैर्दूषिषु

· · ·

भजेत्साधारणं सर्वमूषणस्तेजनं च यत्‌ ।

· · ·

आस्थापनं शुद्धतमनुजाग्रन् धान्यानि रसान्‌ कृत्वान्‌

· · ·

जाङ्गलं पिशितं यूषान्‌ मधुरिप्टं चिरन्त्तनम्‌

· · ·

मस्तु सौर्‌वर्चलादयं वा पञ्चकोलावचूर्णितम्‌ ।

· · ·

दिव्यं कौपं श्रृतं चाम्बो भोजनं त्वतिदुर्दिने

· · ·

व्यक्ताम्ललवणास्नेहं संशुष्कं क्षौद्रवल्लघु ।

· · ·

-- Translation -- the rise of the star Agatya, which is pure, uncontaminated and capable of mitigating the malas (dosas) is known as Hamsodaka. It is neither abhisyandi (producing more secretion or moisture inside the minute channels so as to block them) nor dry, such water is like Amrita (nectar) for drinking and other purpose. 51-52

· · ·

चन्दनोशीरकपूरमुक्तासगवसनोज्ज्वलः: सौधेषु सौधधवां चन्द्रिकां रजनोमुखे

-- Translation -- Evening should be spent on the terraces of houses which are white (by painting), anointing the body with the paste of Sandalwood, Cus Cus grass, Camphor, wearing garlands of pearls and shining dress and enjoying the moonlight.

· · ·

तुषारक्षारसौहित्यदधितैलवसातपान् तीव्रषण्मद्यदिवास्वप्नपुरोवातान् परित्यजेत्

-- Translation -- Avoid exposure to snow (mist), indulgence in alkaline substances, satiation with hearty meal, use of curds, oil, muscle fat, exposure to sunlight, strong liquors, sleeping at day time and the eastern breeze. 54 ½

· · ·

-- Translation -- Use of taste as per season:

· · ·

शीते वर्षासु चाध्यास्रीन् वसन्ते अन्यान् रसान्भजेत् स्वादु निदाघे, शरदि स्वादुतिक्तकषायकान् शरद्वसन्तयो रूक्षं शीतं गृहमग्नान्तयो:

-- Translation -- During winters, (Hemanta and Shishira) and varsa (rainy season), Sweet, Sour and salt tastes should be especially used. Bitter, pungent and astringent tastes should be used more during vasanta (spring season), Sweet taste should be used more during Nidagha (summer); and Sweet, bitter and astringent tastes should be used during Sharath (autumn).

· · ·

अन्नपानं समासेन विपरीतमतॊ अन्यथा

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities of food as per season: The food and drink should be dry (moisture less, fat-less) during Sharat and Vasanta (autumn and spring) and food should be cold during gharma (summer) and ghnanta (end of rainy season) and should be hot in other seasons. 55-56.

· · ·

नित्यं सर्वरसाभ्यास: स्वस्वाधिक्यमृतावृतौ ॥ nityaṃ sarvarasābhyāsa: svasvādhikyamṛtāvṛtau ॥

-- Translation -- The habit of using all the six tastes every day is ideal for maintenance of health. However, during particular seasons, the particular tastes should be given special emphasis. 57.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 33

· · ·

-- Translation -- the rise of the star Agatya, which is pure, uncontaminated and capable of mitigating the malas (dosas) is known as Hamsodaka. It is neither abhisyandi (producing more secretion or moisture inside the minute channels so as to block them) nor dry, such water is like Amrita (nector) for drinking and other purpose. 51-52

· · ·

चन्दनोशीरकपूरमुक्तासग्वसनोज्ज्वलः: सौधेपु सौधधवालां चन्द्रिकां रजनोमुखे

-- Translation -- Evening should be spent on the terraces of houses which are white (by painting), anointing the body with the paste of Sandalwood, Cus Cus grass, Camphor, wearing garlands of pearls and shining dress and enjoying the moonlight.

· · ·

तुषारक्षारसौहित्यदधितैलवसातपान् तीक्ष्णमद्यदिवास्वप्नपुरोवातान् परित्यजेत्

-- Translation -- Avoid exposure to snow (mist), indulgence in alkaline substances, satiation with hearty meal, use of curds, oil, muscle fat, exposure to sunlight, strong liquors, sleeping at day time and the eastern breeze. 54 ½

· · ·

शीते वर्षासु चाध्यान्स्त्रीन वसन्ते अन्यान रसान्भजेत स्वादु निदाघे, शरदि स्वादुतिक्तकषायाकान् शरद्वसन्तयो रूक्षं शीतं गृहमग्नान्तयो:

-- Translation -- During winters, (Hemanta and Shishira) and varsa (rainy season), Sweet, Sour and salt tastes should be especially used. Bitter, pungent and astringent tastes should be used more during vasanta (spring season), Sweet taste should be used more during Nidagha (summer); and Sweet, bitter and astringent tastes should be used during Sharath (autumn).

· · ·

अन्नपानं समासेन विपरीतमतो अन्यथा

· · ·

-- Translation -- The food and drink should be dry (moisture less, fat-less) during Sharat and Vasanata (autumn and spring) and food should be cold during gharma (summer) and ghnanta (end of rainy season) and should be hot in other seasons. 55-56.

· · ·

नित्यं सर्वरसाभ्यास: स्वस्वाधिक्यमृतावृतौ ।। nityaṃ sarvarasābhyāsa: svasvādhikyamṛtāvṛtau ।।

-- Translation -- The habit of using all the six tastes every day is ideal for maintenance of health. However, during particular seasons, the particular tastes should be given special emphasis. 57.

· · ·

-- Translation -- salt and powder of panchakola, should be used for drinking. On days of no sunlight at all, the food should predominantly sour, salty and unctuous, dry, mixed with honey and easily digestible. 45-46 ½

· · ·

सततं धूपिताम्बर: हम्य्पृष्ठे वसेद्वाष्पशशीतशीकरवर्जिते

-- Translation -- Person should not move about on foot (move only on vehicles) should use perfumes, expose his clothes to fragrant fumes, dwell in upper stories of the house, devoid of heat, cold and snow.

· · ·

नदीजलोदमन्था: स्वप्नायासतपांस्यजेत

-- Translation -- Avoid - River water, udamantha (beverage prepared with flour of corns mixed with ghee), sleeping at daytime, exertion and exposure to Sun. 48

· · ·

वर्षाशीतोचिताद्गानां सहसेवाकरिषभि: तप्तानां सज्जितं वृश्टौ पित्तं शरदि कुण्यति तज्जयाय घृतं तिक्तं विरेको रक्तमोक्षणम

-- Translation -- The person becomes accustomed to the cold of rainy season. When he gets suddenly exposed to the warm rays of Sun, the Pitta, which has undergone increase in Varsha (rainy season) becomes greatly aggravated during sharath (autumn). In order to get over it, Tikta ghrita (medicated ghee recipe described in the treatment of kustha chapter 19 of Chikitsa sthana), purgation therapy and blood letting should be resorted to. 49 ½

· · ·

तिक्तं स्वादु कषायं च क्षुधितोsन्नं भजेल्लघु शालिमुद्ग सिताधात्रीपटोलमधुजालिगलम

-- Translation -- When hungry, the person should take foods which are of bitter, sweet and astringent tastes, and easily digestible such as Rice, green gram, sugar, Amla, Patola, honey and meat of animals of desert-like lands. 50 ½

· · ·

तप्तं तप्तांशुकिरणै: शीतं शीतांशु रश्मिभि: । समन्तात अप्यहोरात्रं अगस्त्योदय निर्विषम । शुचि हंसोदकं नाम निर्मलं मलजिज्जलम । नाभिष्यन्दि न वा रूक्षं पानादिशु अमृतोपमम ।

-- Translation -- The water which gets heated by the hot rays of the sun during day cooled by the cool rays of the moon during night, for many days continuously, which has been de-poisoned (detoxicated) by

· · ·

taptam tāptāṃśukiraṇaiḥ śītaṃ śītāmśu raśmibhiḥ || samantāt apyahorātraṃ agastyodaya nirviṣam | śuci haṃsodakaṃ nāma nirmalaṃ malajijjalam || nābhiṣyandi na vā rūkṣaṃ pānādiṣu amṛtopamam |

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 32

· · ·

[ Sutra 58-59½ ]

ऋत्वोः अन्त्यादि सप्ताहौ ऋतुसन्धिरिति स्मृतः । तत््र पूर्वो विधिस्त्याज्यः सेवनोयो अपरळ क्रमात् ॥ असात्म्यजा हि रोगाः स्यु: सहसा त्यागशीलनात् ॥

-- Translation -- ṛtvoḥ antyādi saptāhau ṛtusandhiriti smṛtaḥ | tatra pūrvo vidhistyājyaḥ sevanīyo aparaḷ kramāt || asātmyajā hi rogāḥ syuḥ sahasā tyāgaśīlanāt ||

· · ·

[ Sutra 58-59 1/2 ]

ऋत्वोः अन्त्यादि सप्ताहौ ऋतुसन्धिरिति स्मृतः । तत् तु पूर्वो विधिस्त्याज्यः सेवनियोऽपरः क्रमात् ॥ असात्म्यजा हि रोगाः स्युः सहसा त्यागशीलनात् ॥

-- Translation -- ṛtvoḥ antyādi saptāhau ṛtusandhiriti smṛtaḥ | tatra pūrvo vidhistyājyaḥ sevanīyoʼparaḥ kramāt || asātmmyajā hi rogāḥ syuḥ sahasā tyāgaśīlanāt ||

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

वेगान्न धारयेत्वातविनम्रत्क्षुत्र्तृष्क्षुधाम् निद्राकासश्रम श्वासजृम्भाश्रुच्छर्द्दैरेतसाम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- the rise of the star Agatya, which is pure, uncontaminated and capable of mitigating the malas (dosas) is known as Hamsodaka. It is neither abhisyandi (producing more secretion or moisture inside the minute channels so as to block them) nor dry, such water is like Amrita (nector) for drinking and other purpose. 51-52

· · ·

चन्दनोशीरकपूरमुक्तासगवसनोज्ज्वलः: सौधे षु सौधधवला चन्द्रिकां रजनोमुखे

-- Translation -- Evening should be spent on the terraces of houses which are white (by painting), anointing the body with the paste of Sandalwood, Cus Cus grass, Camphor, wearing garlands of pearls and shining dress and enjoying the moonlight.

· · ·

तुषारक्षारसौहित्यदधितैलवसातपान् तीक्ष्णमद्यदिवास्वप्नपुरोवातान् परित्यजेत्

-- Translation -- Avoid exposure to snow (mist), indulgence in alkaline substances, satiation with hearty meal, use of curds, oil, muscle fat, exposure to sunlight, strong liquors, sleeping at day time and the eastern breeze. 54 ½

· · ·

शीते वर्षासु चाध्यान्स्त्रीन वसन्ते अन्यान रसान्भजेत स्वादु निदाघे, शरदि स्वादुतिक्तकषायाकान् शरद्वसन्तयो रूक्षं शीतं गृहमग्नान्तयो: अन्नपानं समासेन विपरीतमतो अन्यथा

-- Translation -- During winters, (Hemanta and Shishira) and varsa (rainy season), Sweet, Sour and salt tastes should be especially used. Bitter, pungent and astringent tastes should be used more during vasanta (spring season), Sweet taste should be used more during Nidagha (summer); and Sweet, bitter and astringent tastes should be used during Sharath (autumn).

· · ·

-- Translation -- The food and drink should be dry (moisture less, fat-less) during Sharat and Vasanta (autumn and spring) and food should be cold during gharma (summer) and ghnanta (end of rainy season) and should be hot in other seasons. 55-56.

· · ·

नित्यं सर्वरसाभ्यास: स्वस्वाधिक्यमृतावृतौ ।। nityaṃ sarvarasābhyāsa: svasvādhikyamṛtāvṛtau ।।

-- Translation -- The habit of using all the six tastes every day is ideal for maintenance of health. However, during particular seasons, the particular tastes should be given special emphasis. 57.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 33

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

वेगान्न धारयेत्वातविनम्रत्क्षुत्र्तृष्क्षुधाम् निद्राकासश्रम श्वासजृम्भाश्रुच्छर्द्दैरेतसाम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

अधोवातस्य रोधेन गुल्मोदावर्तं रुक्क्लमाः वातमूत्रशकृत्सङ्गरष्ट्र्यग्निवधहृद्गदाः

-- Translation -- By suppression of the urge of flatus (farting), on a continuous basis, one becomes prone to abdominal bloating, tumor, Udavarta – bloating, gaseous distension of abdomen Ruk – abdominal pain Klama – tiredness, exhaustion without doing anything blockage of flatus, constipation and difficulty in urination loss of vision and loss of digestive power diseases related to upper part of stomach and heart

· · ·

[ Sutra 3-4 ]

शकृतः पिण्डीकोद्वेष्ट प्रतिश्याय शिरोरुजः ऊर्ध्ववायुः परीकार्तो हृदयस्योपरोधनम् मुखेन विट्प्रवृत्तिश्च पूर्वोक्ताश्च आमयाः स्मृताः

-- Translation -- Pindikodveshta - twisting pain of calf muscles Pratishyaya - running nose Shiroruja - headache Urdhvavayu - upward movement of Vata, Parikarta - anal itching sensation Hrudayasya Uparodhana - stiffening feeling in chest region Mukhena Vit pravrutti - foul breath, feces vomiting.

· · ·

अङ्गभङ्गाश्मरीबस्तिस्थिमेढ्रद्वंक्षणवेदनाः मूत्रस्य रोधार्त्पूर्वे च प्रायो रोगTः

-- Translation -- Angabhanga - body pain, Ashmari - Urinary calculi Pain in penis and bladder region. Diseases that are mentioned in flatus and faeces may also occur in this condition.

· · ·

[ Sutra 58-59 1/2 ]

ऋत्वोः अन्त्यादि सप्ताहौ ऋतुसन्धिरिति स्मृतः । तत्र पूर्वो विधिस्त्याज्यः सेवनोऽयो अपरळ क्रमात् ॥ असात्म्यजा हि रोगाः स्युः सहसा त्यागशीलनात् ॥

-- Translation -- ṛtvoḥ antyādi saptāhau ṛtusandhiriti smṛtaḥ | tatra pūrvo vidhistyājyaḥ sevano̕yo aparaḷ kramāt || asātmya jā hi rogāḥ syuḥ sahasā tyāgaśīlanāt ||

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

अधोवातस्य रोधेन गुल्मोदावर्तं रुक्क्लमाः वातमूत्रशकृत्सङ्गरष्ट्र्यग्निवधहृद्गदाः

-- Translation -- By suppression of the urge of flatus (farting), on a continuous basis, one becomes prone to abdominal bloating, tumor, Udavarta – bloating, gaseous distension of abdomen Ruk – abdominal pain Klama – tiredness, exhaustion without doing anything blockage of flatus, constipation and difficulty in urination loss of vision and loss of digestive power diseases related to upper part of stomach and heart

· · ·

[ Sutra 3-4 ]

शकृतः पिण्डीकोद्वेष्ट प्रतिश्याय शिरोरुजः ऊर्ध्ववायुः परीकार्तो हृदयस्योपरोधनम् मुखेन विट्प्रवृत्तिश्च पूर्वोक्ताश्च आमयाः स्मृताः

-- Translation -- Pindikodveshta - twisting pain of calf muscles Pratishyaya - running nose Shiroruja - headache Urdhvavayu - upward movement of Vata, Parikarta - anal itching sensation Hrudayasa Uparodhana - stiffening feeling in chest region Mukhena Vit pravrutti - foul breath, feces vomiting.

· · ·

अङ्गभङ्गाश्मरीबस्तिस्थिमेढ्रद्वक्ष्णवेदनाः मूत्रस्य रोधार्त्पूर्वे च प्रायो रोगाः

-- Translation -- Angabhanga - body pain, Ashmari – Urinary calculi Pain in penis and bladder region. Diseases that are mentioned in flatus and faeces may also occur in this condition.

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

वेगान्न धारयेत्वातविनम्रतृक्षवतृत्क्षुधाम् निद्राकासश्रम श्वासजृम्भाश्रुच्छर्दिरेतसाम्

· · ·

तदौषधं वर्तिं अभ्यङ्ग अवगाहश्च स्वेदनं बस्तिकर्म च अन्नपानं च विड् भेदि विड् रोधोत्येषु यक्ष्मसु

-- Translation -- To treat the diseases arising from suppression of flatus, feces and urine, the following should be given. Varti - Rectal and urethral suppositories Abhyanga - Oil massage Avagaha - tub bath, sitz bath Swedana - sweating therapy, sudation therapy Bastikarma - rectal enema Annapaanam ca vidbhedhi - all food that help to induce purgation should be administered.

· · ·

[ Sutra ६ ]

मूत्रजेषु तु पाने च प्रागभक्तं शस्यते घृतम्

· · ·

[ Sutra ७ ]

जीर्णान्तिकं चोत्तमया मात्रया योजयाद्‌व्यम् अवपीडकमेतच्च संज्ञितम् धारणात्पुनः

-- Translation -- Such a process of drinking high doses of ghee is called as Avapidaka Sneha.

· · ·

[ Sutra ८ ]

उद्गारस्यारुचिः कम्पो विबन्धो हृदयोरसःः आध्मानकास हिध्माश्च हिध्मावत्तत्र भेषजम्

-- Translation -- Suppression of belching may cause Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food Kampa - tremors Vibandha - constipation Hrudayo Raso - stiffening sensation in chest region Adhmana - bloating, gaseous distension of abdomen Kasa - cough, cold Hidhma - hiccup The treatment for this is similar to treatment for suppression of hiccups.

· · ·

तदौषधं वर्तिं अभ्यङ्ग अवगाहश्च स्वेदनं बस्तिकर्म च अन्नपानं च विड् भेदि विड् रोधोत्येषु यक्ष्मसु

· · ·

[ Sutra ६ ७ ]

मूत्रजेषु तु पाने च प्रागभक्तं शस्यते घृतम् जীर्णान्तिकं चोत्तमया मात्रया योजनाद्रयम् अवपीडकमेतच्च संजितम् धारणात्पुनः

· · ·

[ Sutra ८ ]

उद्गारस्यारुचिः कम्पो विबन्धो हृदयोरसःः आध्मानकास हिध्माश्च हिध्मावत्तत्र भेषजम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

अधोवातस्य रोधेन गुल्मोदावर्तं रुक्क्लमाः वातमूत्रशकृत्सङ्गरष्ट्रयग्निवध्नुहृद्गदाः

-- Translation -- By suppression of the urge of flatus (farting), on a continuous basis, one becomes prone to abdominal bloating, tumor, Udavarta - bloating, gaseous distension of abdomen

Ruk - abdominal pain Klama - tiredness, exhaustion without doing anything blockage of flatus, constipation and difficulty in urination loss of vision and loss of digestive power diseases related to upper part of stomach and heart

· · ·

[ Sutra 3-4 ]

शकृतः पिण्डीकोद्वेष्ट प्रतिश्याय शिरोरुजः ऊर्ध्ववायुः परीकार्तो हृदयस्योपरोधनम् मुखेन विट्प्रवृत्तिश्च पूर्वोक्ताश्च आमयाः स्मृताः

-- Translation -- Pindikodveshta - twisting pain of calf muscles Pratishyaya - running nose Shiroruja - headache Urdhvavayu - upward movement of Vata, Parikarta - anal itching sensation Hrudayasa Uparodhana - stiffening feeling in chest region Mukhena Vit pravrutti - foul breath, feces vomiting.

· · ·

अङ्गभङ्गाश्मरीबस्तिस्थिमेढ्रद्वंक्षणवेदनाः मूत्रस्य रोधात्पूर्वे च प्रायो रोगाः

-- Translation -- Angabhanga - body pain, Ashmari - Urinary calculi Pain in penis and bladder region. Diseases that are mentioned in flatus and faeces may also occur in this condition.

· · ·

शिरोर्त्तीन्द्रियदौर्बल्यमन्यास्तंभार्दितं क्षुते:

· · ·

तीक्ष्णधूमान्जनाग्राणनावनाकेर्विलोकनै: प्रवर्त्तयेत्क्षुतिᳶ सक्तां स्नेहस्वेदौ च शीलयेत्

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

शोषाड्गसादबाधिर्यसम्मोहभ्रमहृद्गदा: तृष्णाया निग्रहात्तत्र शीत: सर्वो विधिहित:

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

तत्र शीत: सर्वो विधिहित:

· · ·

शिरोर्त्तीन्द्रियदौर्बल्यमन्यास्तंभार्दितं क्षुते:

-- Translation -- Shiro Artti - headache Indriya Daurbalya - weakness of sense organs Manyasthamba - Neck stiffness Ardita - Facial palsy

· · ·

तीक्ष्णधूमानजनाग्राणनार्कावलोकनै: प्रवर्त्तयेत्क्षुतिᳫ सक्तां स्नेहस्वेदौ च शीलयेत्

-- Translation -- Teekshna Dhuma - powerful herbal smoking, Anjana - Collyrium Navana - Snuffing Arkavilokana - seeing Sun directly for a few seconds Massage, Oleation and sudation therapies are also mentioned as treatment. All these are done to induce sneezing and to regularize Vata movement.

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

शोषाड्गसादबाधिर्यसम्मोहभ्रमहृद्गदा: तृष्णाया निग्रहात्तत्र शीत: सर्वो विधिहित: १०

-- Translation -- Suppression of thirst causes Shosha - Emaciation Angasada - debility, weakness Badhirya - deafness Sammoh - loss of consciousness, delusion Bhrama - delusion Hrut Gada - cardiac disorder

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

तत्र शीत: सर्वो विधिहित: १०

-- Translation -- All procedures that are cooling in nature - like cold water drinking, cold water bath etc is recommended.

· · ·

तदौषधं वर्तिं अभ्यङ्ग अवगाहश्च स्वेदनं बस्तिकर्म च अन्नपानं च विड् भेदि विड् रोधोत्येषु यक्ष्मसु

-- Translation -- To treat the diseases arising from suppression of flatus, feces and urine, the following should be given. Varti - Rectal and urethral suppositories Abhyanga - Oil massage Avagaha - tub bath, sitz bath Swedana - sweating therapy, sudation therapy Bastikarma - rectal enema Annapaanam ca vidbhedhi - all food that help to induce purgation should be administered.

· · ·

[ Sutra ६ ]

मूत्रजेषु तु पाने च प्रागभक्तं शस्यते घृतम्

· · ·

[ Sutra ७ ]

जीर्णान्तिकं चोत्तमया मात्रया योजयाद्वयम् अवपीडकमेतच्च संजितम धारणात्पुनः

-- Translation -- Such a process of drinking high doses of ghee is called as Avapidaka Sneha.

· · ·

[ Sutra ८ ]

उद्गारस्यारुचिः कम्पो विबन्धो हृदयोरसःः आध्मानकास हिध्माश्च हिध्मावत्तत्र भेषजम्

-- Translation -- Suppression of belching may cause Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food Kampa - tremors Vibandha - constipation Hrudayo Raso - stiffening sensation in chest region Adhmana - bloating, gaseous distension of abdomen Kasa - cough, cold Hidhma - hiccup The treatment for this is similar to treatment for suppression of hiccups.

· · ·

[ Sutra ११ ]

अङ्गभङ्ग अरुचि ग्लानि काश्ये शूल भ्रमाः क्षुधः

-- Translation -- Angabhanga - bodyache, myalgia Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food Glani - debility Karshya - emaciation, weight loss Shoola - abdominal colic pain Bhrama - delusion

· · ·

तत्रयोज्यं लघु स्निग्धं उष्णं अल्पं च भोजनम्

-- Translation -- Light meals, with oily substance (such as ghee), which is hot/warm in nature.

Note: Fasting causes decrease in digestion power and increase in Vata. If you take a large meal after fasting for long, then it will further decrease digestion power. Hence a light meal is advised.

Oily substance such as ghee soothes gastric mucosa. Hot/warm food helps to maintain Agni (digestion power).

· · ·

[ Sutra १२ ]

निद्राया मोह मूर्धाक्षि गौरवातस्य जृम्भिका: अङ्गमर्दश्च तत् इष्ट: स्वप्नः संवाहनानि च

-- Translation -- Moha - delusion Murdha Akshi Gourava - heaviness of head and eyes Alasya - laziness, lassitude Jrumbhika - yawning Angabhanga - bodyache, myalgia

· · ·

तत्र इष्ट: स्वप्नः संवाहनानि च

-- Translation -- Sleep and massage.

· · ·

[ Sutra १३ ]

कासस्य रोधात् तत्त्वृद्धि: श्वासारुचि हृदामयाः शोषो हिध्मा च, कार्य अत्र कासहुतरां विधि:

· · ·

[ Sutra ११ ]

अङ्गभङ्ग अरुचि ग्लानि काश्ये शूल भ्रमाः क्षुधः

-- Translation -- Angabhanga - bodyache, myalgia Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food Glani - debility Karshya - emaciation, weight loss Shoola - abdominal colic pain Bhrama - delusion

· · ·

तत्रयोज्यं लघु स्निग्धं उष्णं अल्पं च भोजनम्

-- Translation -- Light meals, with oily substance (such as ghee), which is hot/warm in nature.

Note: Fasting causes decrease in digestion power and increase in Vata. If you take a large meal after fasting for long, then it will further decrease digestion power. Hence a light meal is advised.

Oily substance such as ghee soothes gastric mucosa. Hot/warm food helps to maintain Agni (digestion power).

· · ·

[ Sutra १२ ]

निद्राया मोह मूर्धाक्षि गौरवातस्य जृम्भिका: अङ्गमर्दश्च तत् इष्ट: स्वप्नः संवाहनानि च

-- Translation -- Moha - delusion Murdha Akshi Gourava - heaviness of head and eyes Alasya - laziness, lassitude Jrumbhika - yawning Angabhanga - bodyache, myalgia

· · ·

तत्र इष्ट: स्वप्नः संवाहनानि च

-- Translation -- Sleep and massage.

· · ·

[ Sutra १३ ]

कासस्य रोधात् तत्त्वृद्धि: श्वासारुचि हृदामया: शोषो हिध्मा च, कार्य अत्र कासहुतरां विधि:

· · ·

शिरोर्त्तीन्द्रियदौर्बल्यमन्यास्तंभार्दितं क्षुत:

-- Translation -- Shiro Arti - headache Indriya Daurbalya - weakness of sense organs Manyasthamba - Neck stiffness Ardita - Facial palsy

· · ·

तीक्ष्णधूमान्जननास्र्राणनवनाकेविचक्षणै: प्रवर्त्तयेत्क्षुतिᳫ सक्तां स्नेहस्वेदौ च शीलयेत्

-- Translation -- Teekshna Dhooma - powerful herbal smoking, Anjana - Collyrium Navana - Snuffing Arkavilokana - seeing Sun directly for a few seconds Massage, Oleation and sudation therapies are also mentioned as treatment. All these are done to induce sneezing and to regularize Vata movement.

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

शोषाड्गसादबाधिर्यसम्मोहभ्रमहृद्गदा: तृष्णाया निग्रहात्तत्र शीत: सर्वो विधिहित:

-- Translation -- Suppression of thirst causes Shosha - Emaciation Angasada - debility, weakness Badhirya - deafness Sammoh - loss of consciousness, delusion Bhrama - delusion Hrut Gada - cardiac disorder

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

तत्र शीत: सर्वो विधिहित:

-- Translation -- All procedures that are cooling in nature - like cold water drinking, cold water bath etc is recommended.

· · ·

[ Sutra ११ ]

अङ्गभङ्ग अरुचि ग्लानि काश्ये शूल भ्रमाः क्षुधः

· · ·

तत्रयोज्यं लघु स्निग्धं उष्णं अल्पं च भोजनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra १२ ]

निद्राया मोह मूर्धाक्षि गौरवातस्य जृम्भिका: अङ्गमर्दश्च तत् इष्ट: स्वप्नः संवाहनानि च

· · ·

तत्र इष्ट: स्वप्नः संवाहनानि च

· · ·

[ Sutra १३ ]

कासस्य रोधात् तत्त्वृद्धि: श्वासारुचि हृदामयाः शोषो हिध्मा च, कार्य अत्र कासहुतरां विधि:

· · ·

-- Translation -- By suppressing cough, it further increases. It further may lead to

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shvasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrudamaya - cardiac disorder

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shosha - Emaciation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hidhma - hiccup

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment - कार्य अत्र कासहासूतां विधि: All treatment which relieves cough (Regular

· · ·

-- Translation -- treatment to cough) should be given.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of breathing on exertion:

· · ·

[ Sutra १४ ]

गुल्म हृद्रोग सम्मोहाः श्रमश्वासाद्विधारितात्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - Abdominal tumor, bloating

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrudroga- Cardiac disorder

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sammoha - loss of consciousness, delusion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment:

· · ·

हितं विश्रमणं तत्र वातघ्नश्च क्रियाक्रमः

-- Translation -- Vishrama - rest

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata balancing treatment.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of yawning:

· · ·

[ Sutra १५ ]

जृम्भायाः क्षवद्रोगाः सर्वश्‍चानिलजिद्विधिः

-- Translation -- The suppression of yawning produces similar symptoms to that of suppression of sneezing. Here,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata balancing activities/treatment should be taken up.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of tears

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

पीनसाक्षिरोहदरुक्मन्यास्तंभारुचिभ्रमाः

-- Translation -- Suppression of tears causes

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

सगुल्मा बाष्पतः तत्र स्वप्नो मध्यं प्रियाः कथा:

-- Translation -- Peenasa - running nose, rhinitis

· · ·

-- Translation -- Akshi Roga - eye disorders

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hridrik - heart diseases associated with pain

· · ·

-- Translation -- Manyasthamba - Neck stiffness

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 40

· · ·

-- Translation -- By suppressing cough, it further increases. It further may lead to

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shvasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrudamaya - cardiac disorder

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shosha - Emaciation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hidhma - hiccup

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment - कार्य अत्र कासहासूतां विधि: All treatment which relieves cough (Regular

· · ·

-- Translation -- treatment to cough) should be given.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of breathing on exertion:

· · ·

[ Sutra १४ ]

गुल्म हृद्रोग सम्मोहाः श्रमश्वासाद्विधारितात्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - Abdominal tumor, bloating

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrudroga- Cardiac disorder

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sammoha - loss of consciousness, delusion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment:

· · ·

हितं विश्रमणं तत्र वातघ्नश्च क्रियाक्रमः

-- Translation -- Vishrama - rest

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata balancing treatment.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of yawning:

· · ·

[ Sutra १५ ]

जृम्भायाः क्षवद्रोगाः सर्वश्‍चानिलजिद्विधिः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata balancing activities/treatment should be taken up.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of tears

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

पीनसाक्षिरोहदरुक्मन्यास्तंभारुचिभ्रमाः

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

सगुल्मा बाष्पतः तत्र स्वप्नो मध्यं प्रियाः कथा:

-- Translation -- Peenasa - running nose, rhinitis

· · ·

-- Translation -- Akshi Roga - eye disorders

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hridrik - heart diseases associated with pain

· · ·

-- Translation -- Manyasthamba - Neck stiffness

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 40

· · ·

[ Sutra ११ ]

अङ्गभङ्ग अरुचि ग्लानि काश्ये शूल भ्रमाः क्षुधः

-- Translation -- Angabhanga - bodyache, myalgia Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food Glani - debility Karshya - emaciation, weight loss Shoola - abdominal colic pain Bhrama - delusion

· · ·

तत्रयोज्यं लघु स्निग्धं उष्णं अल्पं च भोजनम्

-- Translation -- Light meals, with oily substance (such as ghee), which is hot/warm in nature.

Note: Fasting causes decrease in digestion power and increase in Vata. If you take a large meal after fasting for long, then it will further decrease digestion power. Hence a light meal is advised.

Oily substance such as ghee soothes gastric mucosa. Hot/warm food helps to maintain Agni (digestion power).

· · ·

[ Sutra १२ ]

निद्राया मोह मूर्धाक्षि गौरवातस्य जृम्भिका: अङ्गमर्दश्च तत् इष्ट: स्वप्नः संवाहनानि च

-- Translation -- Moha - delusion Murdha Akshi Gourava - heaviness of head and eyes Alasya - laziness, lassitude Jrumbhika - yawning Angabhanga - bodyache, myalgia

· · ·

तत्र इष्ट: स्वप्नः संवाहनानि च

-- Translation -- Sleep and massage.

· · ·

[ Sutra १३ ]

कासस्य रोधात् तत्त्वृद्धि: श्वासारुचि हृदामयाः । शोषो हिध्मा च, कार्य अत्र कासहुतरां विधि:

· · ·

-- Translation -- By suppressing cough, it further increases. It further may lead to

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shvasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrudamaya - cardiac disorder

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shosha - Emaciation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hidhma - hiccup

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment - कार्य अत्र कासहासुतरां विधि: All treatment which relieves cough (Regular treatment to cough) should be given.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of breathing on exertion:

· · ·

[ Sutra १४ ]

गुल्म हृद्रोग सम्मोहाः श्रमश्वासाद्विधारितात्

-- Translation -- Avoiding heavy breathing after heavy work may lead to

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - Abdominal tumor, bloating

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrudroga- Cardiac disorder

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sammoha - loss of consciousness, delusion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment:

· · ·

हितं विश्रमणं तत्र वातघ्नश्च क्रियाक्रमः

-- Translation -- Vishrama - rest

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata balancing treatment.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of yawning:

· · ·

[ Sutra १५ ]

जृम्भाया: क्षवद्रोगाः सर्वश्वानिलजिद्विधि:

-- Translation -- The suppression of yawning produces similar symptoms to that of suppression of sneezing. Here,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata balancing activities/treatment should be taken up.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of tears

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

पीनसाक्षिरोहदरुक्मन्यास्तंभारुचिभ्रमाः

-- Translation -- Suppression of tears causes

· · ·

सगुल्मा बाष्पतः तत् स्वप्नो मध्यं प्रियाः कथा:

-- Translation -- Peenasa - running nose, rhinitis

· · ·

-- Translation -- Akshi Roga - eye disorders

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hridrik - heart diseases associated with pain

· · ·

-- Translation -- Manyasthamba - Neck stiffness

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bhrama - delusion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - Abdominal tumor, bloating

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment: sleep, alcohol and sweet talk with friends and family.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of vomiting:

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

विसर्पकोठ्ठकुष्ठाक्षिरोगपाण्डुमयज्ज्वरौ:

-- Translation -- Visarpa Kotha Kushta Akshiroga Paandu Mayajjvara

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

सकासस्वासहल्लासवयडगश्वयथवो वमे:

-- Translation -- Sakasaswasahallasavyadgashvayathavo Vame

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of vomiting causes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Visarpa - Herpes, spreading skin disease

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kotha - allergic skin rashes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kushta - skin diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Akshi Roga - eye disorders

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kandu - itching sensation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pandu - Anemia, intial stages of liver diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jvara - fever

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kasa - cough, cold

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shwasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrullasa - nausea - vomiting sensation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyanga - Pigmented patches on face

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shvayathu - oedema, inflammation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment:

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

गण्डूषधूमानाहारा रूक्षं भुक्त्वा तदुद्वम:

-- Translation -- Gandusha Dhoomaharara Rooksham Bhuktva Tadudvam

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

व्यायाम: सुतिरसस्य शस्तं चात्र विरेचनम्

-- Translation -- Vyayama Sutirasasya Shastam Chatra Virechana

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

सक्षारलवणं तैलमभ्यड्गार्थ च शस्यते

-- Translation -- Saksharlavanam Tailam Abhyangrtham Cha Shasyate

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gandusha - gargling

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dhumapana - herbal smoke

· · ·

-- Translation -- Rooksha aahara Vamana - eating dry food and inducing vomiting

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyayama - exercise

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asra Sruti - Blood letting (in case of skin diseases)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Virechana - purgation type of Panchakarma treatment.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Note: Suppression of vomiting causes Pitta imbalance. Hence most of the treatment above is targeted to balance or eliminate Pitta.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bhrama - delusion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - Abdominal tumor, bloating

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment: sleep, alcohol and sweet talk with friends and family.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of vomiting:

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

विसर्पकोठ्ठकुष्ठाक्षिरोगपाण्डुमयज्ज्वराः । सकासस्वासहल्लासव्यङ्गश्वयथवो वमे: १७

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of vomiting causes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Visarpa - Herpes, spreading skin disease

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kotha - allergic skin rashes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kushta - skin diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Akshi Roga - eye disorders

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kandu - itching sensation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pandu - Anemia, intial stages of liver diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jvara - fever

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kasa - cough, cold

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shwasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrullasa - nausea - vomiting sensation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyanga - Pigmented patches on face

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shvayathu - oedema, inflammation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment:

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

गण्डूषधूमानाहारा रूक्षं भुक्त्वा तदुद्वमः । व्यायामः सुतिरसस्य शस्तं चात्र विरेचनम् १८ सक्क्षारलवणं तैलमभ्यङ्गार्थ च शस्यते

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gandusha - gargling

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dhumapana - herbal smoke

· · ·

-- Translation -- Rooksha aahara Vamana - eating dry food and inducing vomiting

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyayama - exercise

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asra Sruti - Blood letting (in case of skin diseases)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Virechana - purgation type of Panchakarma treatment.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Note: Suppression of vomiting causes Pitta imbalance. Hence most of the treatment above is targeted to balance or eliminate Pitta.

· · ·

-- Translation -- By suppressing cough, it further increases. It further may lead to

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shvasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrudamaya - cardiac disorder

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shosha - Emaciation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hidhma - hiccup

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment - कार्य अत्र कासहासूत्रां विधि: All treatment which relieves cough (Regular treatment to cough) should be given.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of breathing on exertion:

· · ·

[ Sutra १४ ]

गुल्म हृद्रोग सम्मोहाः श्रमश्वासाद्विधारितात्

-- Translation -- Avoiding heavy breathing after heavy work may lead to

· · ·

[ Sutra १४ ]

-- Translation -- Gulma - Abdominal tumor, bloating

· · ·

[ Sutra १४ ]

-- Translation -- Hrudroga- Cardiac disorder

· · ·

[ Sutra १४ ]

-- Translation -- Sammoha - loss of consciousness, delusion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment:

· · ·

हितं विश्रमणं तत्र वातघ्नश्च क्रियाक्रमः

-- Translation -- Vishrama - rest

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata balancing treatment.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of yawning:

· · ·

[ Sutra १५ ]

जृम्भाया: क्षवद्रोगाः सर्वश्‍चानिलजिद्विधि:

-- Translation -- The suppression of yawning produces similar symptoms to that of suppression of sneezing. Here,

· · ·

[ Sutra १५ ]

-- Translation -- Vata balancing activities/treatment should be taken up.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of tears

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

पीनसाक्षिरोहदरुक्मन्यास्तंभारुचिभ्रमाः

-- Translation -- Suppression of tears causes

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

सगुल्मा बाष्पतः तत्र स्वप्नो मध्यं प्रियाः कथा:

-- Translation -- Peenasa - running nose, rhinitis

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

-- Translation -- Akshi Roga - eye disorders

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

-- Translation -- Hridrik - heart diseases associated with pain

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

-- Translation -- Manyasthamba - Neck stiffness

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bhrama - delusion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - Abdominal tumor, bloating

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment: sleep, alcohol and sweet talk with friends and family.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of vomiting:

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

विसर्पकोठ्ठकुष्ठाक्षिकण्डूपाण्डुतामयज्वरौ:

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

सकासस्वासहल्लासव्यङ्गश्वयथवो वमे: १७

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of vomiting causes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Visarpa - Herpes, spreading skin disease

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kotha - allergic skin rashes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kushta - skin diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Akshi Roga - eye disorders

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kandu - itching sensation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pandu - Anemia, intial stages of liver diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jvara - fever

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kasa - cough, cold

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shwasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrullasa - nausea - vomiting sensation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyanga - Pigmented patches on face

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shvayathu - oedema, inflammation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment:

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

गण्डूषधुमानाहारा रूक्षं भुक्त्वा तदुद्वम:

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

व्यायाम: सुरितरसस्य शस्तं चात्र विरेचनम् १८

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

सक्षारलवणं तैलमभ्यङ्गार्थ च शस्यते

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gandusha - gargling

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dhumapana - herbal smoke

· · ·

-- Translation -- Rooksha aahara Vamana - eating dry food and inducing vomiting

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyayama - exercise

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asra Sruti - Blood letting (in case of skin diseases)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Virechana - purgation type of Panchakarma treatment.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Note: Suppression of vomiting causes Pitta imbalance. Hence most of the treatment above is targeted to balance or eliminate Pitta.

· · ·

[ Sutra १९ ]

शुक्रातत्स्रवणं गुह्यवेदनाश्वयथुज्वर: १९ हृदव्यथामूत्रसङ्गाइ:गभङ्गवृदृध्यश्मशण्ढता:

· · ·

[ Sutra २० ]

ताम्रचूडसुराशालिबस्त्यभ्यङ्ग अवगाहनम् २० बस्तिशुद्धिकरे: सिद्धं भजेत्क्शीरं प्रिय: स्त्रिय:

· · ·

तृट्शूलार्ती त्यजेत् क्षीणं विद्धवमं वेगरोधिनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra १९ ]

शुक्रातत्स्रवणं गुह्यवेदनाश्वयथुज्वर: १९ हृदव्यथामूत्रसङ्गाइ:गभङ्गवृद्‌ध्यश्मशण्ढता:

· · ·

[ Sutra २० ]

ताम्रचूडसुराशालिबस्त्यभ्यङ्ग अवगाहनम् २० बस्तिशुद्धिकरे: सिद्धं भजेत्क्शीरं प्रिय: स्त्रिय:

· · ·

तृट्शूलार्त्त त्यजेत् क्षीणं विद्धवमं वेगरोधिनम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - Anorexia, lack of interest in taking food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bhrama - delusion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - Abdominal tumor, bloating

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment: sleep, alcohol and sweet talk with friends and family.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of vomiting:

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

विसर्पकोठ्ठकुष्ठाक्षिरोगपाण्डुमयज्ज्वराः । सकासस्वासहल्लासव्यङ्गश्वयथवो वमे: १७

· · ·

-- Translation -- Suppression of vomiting causes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Visarpa - Herpes, spreading skin disease

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kotha - allergic skin rashes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kushta - skin diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Akshi Roga - eye disorders

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kandu - itching sensation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pandu - Anemia, intial stages of liver diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jvara - fever

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kasa - cough, cold

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shwasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hrullasa - nausea - vomiting sensation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyanga - Pigmented patches on face

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shvayathu - oedema, inflammation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment:

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

गण्डूषधूमानाहारा रूक्षं भुक्त्वा तदुद्वमः । व्यायामः सुतिरसस्य शस्तं चात्र विरेचनम् १८ सक्क्षारलवणं तैलमभ्यङ्गार्थ च शस्यते

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gandusha - gargling

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dhumapana - herbal smoke

· · ·

-- Translation -- Rooksha aahara Vamana - eating dry food and inducing vomiting

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyayama - exercise

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asra Sruti - Blood letting (in case of skin diseases)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Virechana - purgation type of Panchakarma treatment.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Note: Suppression of vomiting causes Pitta imbalance. Hence most of the treatment above is targeted to balance or eliminate Pitta.

· · ·

[ Sutra १९ ]

शुक्रातत्स्रवणं गुह्यवेदनाश्वयथुज्वर: १९ हृदव्यथामूत्रसङ्गाइ:गभङ्गवृद्ध्याश्मशण्ढता:

· · ·

[ Sutra २० ]

ताम्रचूडसुराशालिबस्त्यभ्यङ्ग अवगाहनम् २० बस्तिशुद्धिकरे: सिद्धं भजेत्क्शीरं प्रिय: स्त्रिय:

· · ·

तृट्शूलार्तिं त्यजेत् क्षीणं विद्वमं वेगरोधिनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

रोगा: सर्वे अपि जायन्ते वेगोधारणधारणै: निर्दिष्टं साधनं तत्र भूयिष्ठं ये तु तान् प्रति

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

ततश्चानेकधा प्राय: पवना यत्प्रकुप्यति अन्नपानौषधं तस्मै युज्यीताथ अनुलोमनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

धारयेतु सदा वेगान् हितैषी प्रत्य चेह च लोभ ईर्ष्याद्वेषमात्सर्यरागादीनां जितेन्द्रिय:

· · ·

यतेत् च यथा कालं मलानां शोधनं प्रति अत्यर्थ सञ्चितास्ते हि कुद्राः स्युर्योऽवितच्छद:

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

दोषा: कदाचित्कुप्यन्ति जिता लङ्घन पाचनै: ये तु संशोधनै: शुद्धा न तेषां पुनरुद्भव:

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

रोगा: सर्वे अपि जायन्ते वेगोधारणधारणै: निर्दिष्टं साधनं तत्र भूयिष्ठं ये तु तान् प्रति

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

ततश्चानेकधा प्राय: पवना यत्प्रकुप्यति अन्नपानौषधं तस्य युक्तजीतातो अनुलोमनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

धारयेतु सदा वेगान् हितैषी प्रत्य चेह च लोभ ईर्ष्याद्वेषमात्सर्यरागादीनां जितेन्द्रिय:

· · ·

यतत् च यथा कालं मलानां शोधनं प्रति अत्यर्थ सञ्चितास्ते हि कुदृशा: स्युःजीोवितच्छद:

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

दोषा: कदाचित्कुप्यन्ति जिता लङ्घन पाचनै: ये तु संशोधनै: शुद्धा न तेषां पुनरुद्भव:

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

रोगा: सर्वे अपि जायन्ते वेगोधारणधारणै: निर्दिष्टं साधनं तत्र भूयिष्ठं ये तु तान् प्रति

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

ततश्चानेकधा प्राय: पवना यत्प्रकुप्यति अन्नपानौषधं तस्मै युज्यीताथ अनुलोमनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

धारयेतु सदा वेगान् हितैषी प्रत्य चेह च लोभ ईर्ष्याद्वेषमात्सर्यरागादीनां जितेन्द्रिय:

· · ·

यतेत् च यथा कालं मलानां शोधनं प्रति अत्यर्थ सञ्चितास्ते हि क्रुद्धा: स्युर्योचितच्छद:

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

दोषा: कदाचित्कुप्यन्ति जिता लङ्घन पाचनै: ये तु संशोधनै: शुद्धा न तेषां पुनरुद्भव:

· · ·

[ Sutra १९ ]

शुक्रातत्स्रवणं गुह्यवेदनाश्वयथुज्वर: १९ हृदव्यथामूत्रसङ्गाइ:गभङ्गवृद्ध्याश्मशण्ढता:

· · ·

[ Sutra २० ]

ताम्रचूडसुराशालिबस्त्यभ्यङ्ग अवगाहनम् २० बस्तिशुद्धिकरे: सिद्धं भजेत्क्शीरं प्रिय: स्त्रिय:

· · ·

तृट्शूलार्ती त्यजेत् क्षीणं विद्धवम वेगरोधिनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

रोगा: सर्वे अपि जायन्ते वेगोधारणधारणै: निर्दिष्टं साधनं तत्र भूयिष्ठं ये तु तान् प्रति

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

ततश्चानेकधा प्राय: पवना यत्प्रकुप्यति अन्नपानौषधं तस्य युक्तजीतातो अनुलोमनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

धारयेतु सदा वेगान् हितैषी प्रत्य चेह च लोभ ईर्ष्याद्वेषमात्सर्यरागादीनां जितेन्द्रिय:

· · ·

यतत् च यथा कालं मलानां शोधनं प्रति अत्यर्थ सञ्चितास्ते हि क्रुद्धा: स्युर्जीवीवितच्छद:

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

दोषा: कदाचित्कुप्यान्ति जिता लङ्घन पाचनै: ये तु संशोधनै: शुद्धा न तेषां पुनरुद्भव:

· · ·

यथाक्रमं यथायोगमत ऊर्ध्व प्रयोजयेत्

· · ·

रसायनानि सिद्धानि वृष्ययोगांशच कालवित्

· · ·

भेषजक्षपिते पथ्यमहारैरबृंहणं क्रमात्

· · ·

शालिष्ठिटकगोधूममुद्गमांसघृतादिभिः

· · ·

हृदयदीपनभेषज्य संयोगादुचिकितदैः

· · ·

साभ्यङ्गोदवर्तनस्नानानिरुहर्स्नेहनस्तिभिः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bruhmana Ahara - nourishing eatables such as Shashtika Shali - rice that mature in 60 days Godhuma - wheat Mudga - green gram Mamsa - meat Ghrita - ghee

Medicine with Hrudya (cardiac tonic) and Deepana (digestive, carminative) qualities should be mixed with food and taken. Abhyanga - oil massage Udvartana - powder massage Snana - herbal bath Niruha Basti -enema treatment Snehabasti - oil / ghee enema treatment

· · ·

-- Translation -- All these help to restore health of the debilitated.

· · ·

तथा स लभते शर्म सर्वपापक पाटवम् धीवर्योन्द्रिय वैमल्यं वृषतां दैर्घ्यमायुषः

· · ·

आगन्तुज रोगा:

-- Translation --

• Traumatic diseases / caused by external factors

· · ·

ये भूतविषवाय्वग्निक्षतभङ्गादिसंभवा:

· · ·

रागद्वेषमयाध्याश्च ते स्युरागन्तवो गदाः

· · ·

यथाक्रमं यथायोगमत ऊर्ध्वं प्रयोजयेत्

· · ·

रसायनानि सिद्धानि वृष्ययोगांशच कालवित्

· · ·

भेषजक्षपिते पथ्यमहारैरबृंहणं क्रमात्

· · ·

शालिष्ठिटकगोधूममुद्गमांसघृतादिभिः

· · ·

हृदयदीपनभेषज्य संयोगादुचिकितदैः

· · ·

साध्यैड्गोदवर्तनस्नाननिरूहानिस्तेहनस्तिभिः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bruhmana Ahara – nourishing eatables such as Shashtika Shali – rice that mature in 60 days Godhuma – wheat Mudga – green gram Mamsa – meat Ghrita – ghee

Medicine with Hrudya (cardiac tonic) and Deepana (digestive, carminative) qualities should be mixed with food and taken. Abhyanga – oil massage Udvartana – powder massage Snana – herbal bath Niruha Basti –enema treatment Snehabasti – oil / ghee enema treatment

· · ·

-- Translation -- All these help to restore health of the debilitated.

· · ·

तथा स लभते शर्म सर्वपापक पाटवं धीवर्ॐनिद्रिय वैमल्यं वृषतां दैर्घ्यमायुषः

· · ·

ये भूतविषवाय्वग्निक्षतभङ्गादिसंभवाः

· · ·

रागद्वेषमयाध्यास्र्च ते स्युरागन्तवो गदाः

· · ·

यथाक्रमं यथायोगमत ऊर्ध्वं प्रयोजयेत्

· · ·

रसायनानि सिद्धानि वृष्ययोगांश्च कालवित्

· · ·

भेषजक्षपिते पथ्यमहारैरबृंहणं क्रमात्

· · ·

शालिष्ठिटकगोधूममुद्गमांसघृतादिभिः

· · ·

हृदयदीपनभेषज्य संयागादुचिकितदैः

· · ·

साभ्यङ्गोदवर्तनस्नानानिरुहर्स्नेहनस्तिभिः

· · ·

तथा स लभते शर्म सर्वपापक पाटवं धीवर्‌णान्द्रिय वैमल्यं वृषतां दैर्घ्यमायुषः

· · ·

ये भूतविषवाघ्निगक्षतभङ्गादिसंभवा:

· · ·

रागद्वेषमयाधयाश्च ते स्युरागन्तवो गदाः

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

रोगा: सर्वे अपि जायन्ते वेगोधारणधारणै: निर्दिष्टं साधनं तत्र भूयिष्ठं ये तु तान् प्रति

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

ततश्चानेकधा प्राय: पवना यत्प्रकुप्यति अन्नपानौषधं तस्य युक्तजीततौ अनुलोमनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

धारयेतु सदा वेगान् हितैषी प्रत्य चेह च लोभ ईर्ष्याद्वेषमात्सर्यरागादीनां जितेन्द्रिय:

· · ·

यतेत् च यथा कालं मलानां शोधनं प्रति अत्यर्थ सञ्चितास्ते हि क्रुद्धा: सयुर्ज़ीवितच्छद:

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

दोषा: कदाचित्कुप्यन्ति जिता लङ्घन पाचनै: ये तु संशोधनै: शुद्धा न तेषां पुनरुद्भव:

· · ·

यथाक्रमं यथायोगमत ऊर्ध्वं प्रयोजयेत्

-- Translation -- After proper Panchakarma procedure at suitable times, rejuvenation treatment (Rasayana therapy) should be taken up, with suitable tonics and aphrodisiacs.

· · ·

रसायनानि सिद्धानि वृष्ययोगांश्च कालवित्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment for those who undergo Panchakarma treatment and who feel tired:

· · ·

भेषजकषपिते पथ्यमहारैर्बृहणं क्रमात्

· · ·

शालिष्ठिटकगोधूममुद्गमांसघृतादिभिः

· · ·

हृदयदीपनभेषज्य संयोगादुचिकितदैः

· · ·

साध्यैड्गोदवर्तनस्नाननिरूहानिस्तेहनस्तिभिः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bruhmana Ahara - nourishing eatables such as

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shashtika Shali - rice that mature in 60 days

· · ·

-- Translation -- Godhuma - wheat

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mudga - green gram

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mamsa - meat

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ghrita - ghee

· · ·

-- Translation -- Medicine with Hrudya (cardiac tonic) and Deepana (digestive, carminative) qualities should be mixed with food and taken.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Abhyanga - oil massage

· · ·

-- Translation -- Udvartana - powder massage

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snana - herbal bath

· · ·

-- Translation -- Niruha Basti -enema treatment

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snehabasti - oil / ghee enema treatment

· · ·

-- Translation -- All these help to restore health of the debilitated.

· · ·

तथा स लभते शर्म सर्वपापक पाटवं धीवर्‌णन्नद्रिय वैमल्यं वृषतां दैर्घ्यमायुषः

-- Translation -- By these measures, one could gain health, happiness, good inteligence, clarity of vision, strong sense organs, intelligence, sexual vigour and longevity.

· · ·

-- Translation -- आगन्तुज रोगाः - Traumatic diseases / caused by external factors

· · ·

ये भूतविषवाय्वग्निक्षतभङ्गादिसंभवाः

-- Translation -- Those disease produced by

· · ·

रागद्वेषमयाद्याश्च ते स्युरागन्तवो गदाः

-- Translation -- bhuta (evil spirits, bacteria, parasites, insects and such microbes),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 44

· · ·

[ Sutra 32-34 ]

त्यागः प्रज्ञापराधानामिन्द्रियार्थोपशमः स्मृतिः । देशकालात्मविज्ञानं सद्वृत्तस्यानुवर्तनम् ३२ । अथर्वविहिता शान्तिः प्रतिकूलग्रहर्चनम् । भूताद्यस्पर्श निर्दिष्टश्च पृथक् पृथक् ३३ । अनुत्पत्तयै समासेन विधिरेषः प्रदर्शितः । निजागन्तुविकाराणा मृत्त्पन्नानां च शान्तये ३४ ।

-- Translation -- Avoidance of improper activities of body, mind and speech by willful transgression of rules, Control of the senses, remembering previous experiences and acting rightly, good knowledge of the habitation, season and the self, adherence to rules of good conduct and rituals Peaceful procedures as mentioned in Atharva Veda, Worship of celestial powers – Grahashanti (astronomical palliative procedures) Staying away from Bhuta (evil spirits, microbes) Respective treatment followed as per the principles explained above, are the general guidelines to treat all types of diseases.

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

शीतोद्भवं दोषचयं वसन्ते विशोधयन् ग्रीष्मजम् अभ्रकाले घनात्यये वार्षिकमाशु सम्यक् प्राप्नोति रोगान् ऋतुजान्न जातु ३५

-- Translation -- The accumulated Doshas arising from winter should be expelled during Vasanata (spring) That arising from Summer (Greeshma) should be expelled during Abhrakala – Varsha Ritu – rainy season. That arising from rainy season should be expelled during Ghnatyaya (Sharad – Autumn season) By this, people will not become victims of diseases born by the effect of the seasons.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32-34 ]

त्यागः प्रज्ञापराधानामिन्द्रियार्थोपशमः स्मृतिः । देशकालात्मविज्ञानं सद्वृत्तस्यानुवर्तनम् ३२ अथर्वविहिता शान्तिः प्रतिकूलग्रहार्चनम् भूताद्यस्पर्श निर्दिष्टश्च पृथक् पृथक् ३३ अनुत्पत्तयै समासेन विधिरेषः प्रदर्शितः । निजागन्तुविकाराणां मृत्तपन्नानां च शान्तये ३४

-- Translation -- Avoidance of improper activities of body, mind and speech by willful transgression of rules, Control of the senses, remembering previous experiences and acting rightly, good knowledge of the habitation, season and the self, adherence to rules of good conduct and rituals Peaceful procedures as mentioned in Atharva Veda, Worship of celestial powers – Grahashanti (astronomical palliative procedures) Staying away from Bhuta (evil spirits, microbes) Respective treatment followed as per the principles explained above, are the general guidelines to treat all types of diseases.

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

शीतोद्भवं दोषचयं वसन्ते विशोधयन् ग्रीष्मजमभ्रकाले घनात्यये वार्षिकमाशु सम्यक् प्राप्नोति रोगान् ऋतुजान्न जातु ३५

-- Translation -- The accumulated Doshas arising from winter should be expelled during Vasanata (spring) That arising from Summer (Greeshma) should be expelled during Abhrakala – Varsha Ritu – rainy season. That arising from rainy season should be expelled during Ghnatyaya (Sharad – Autumn season) By this, people will not become victims of diseases born by the effect of the seasons.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32 ]

त्यागः प्रज्ञापराधानामिन्द्रियार्थोपशमः स्मृतिः

-- Translation -- देशकालात्मविज्ञानं सद्वृत्तस्यानुवर्तनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 33 ]

अर्थवविहिता शान्तिः प्रतिकूलग्रहार्चनम्

-- Translation -- भूताद्यस्पर्श निर्दिष्टश्च पृथक् पृथक्

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

अनुत्पत्तयै समासेन विधिरेषः प्रदर्शितः

-- Translation -- निजागन्तुविकाराणा मृत्त्पन्नानां च शान्तये

· · ·

-- Translation -- Peaceful procedures as mentioned in Atharva Veda, Worship of celestial powers - Grahashanti (astronomical palliative procedures)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Staying away from Bhuta (evil spirits, microbes) Respective treatment followed as per the principles explained above, are the general guidelines to treat all types of diseases.

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

शीतोद्भवं दोषचयं वसन्ते विशोधयन् ग्रीष्मजं अभ्रकाले

-- Translation -- घनात्यये वार्षिकमाशु सम्यक प्राप्तोति रोगान् ऋतुजान्न जातु

· · ·

-- Translation -- That arising from rainy season should be expelled during Ghnatyaya (Sharad - Autumn season) By this, people will not become victims of diseases born by the effect of the seasons.

· · ·

यथाक्रमं यथायोगमत ऊर्ध्वं प्रयोजयेत्

· · ·

रसायनानि सिद्धानि वृष्ययोगांशच कालवित्

· · ·

भेषजक्षपिते पथ्यमहारैर्बृहणं क्रमात्

· · ·

शालिष्ठिटकगोधूममुद्गमांसघृतादिभिः

· · ·

हृदयदीपनभेषज्य संयोगादुचिक्तितदैः

· · ·

साध्यैड्गोदवर्तनस्नानानिरुहर्स्नेहनस्तिभिः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bruhmana Ahara - nourishing eatables such as Shashtika Shali - rice that mature in 60 days Godhuma - wheat Mudga - green gram Mamsa - meat Ghrita - ghee

Medicine with Hrudya (cardiac tonic) and Deepana (digestive, carminative) qualities should be mixed with food and taken. Abhyanga - oil massage Udvartana - powder massage Snana - herbal bath Niruha Basti -enema treatment Snehabasti - oil / ghee enema treatment

· · ·

-- Translation -- All these help to restore health of the debilitated.

· · ·

तथा स लभते शर्म सर्वपापक पाटवं धीवर्‍णन्द्रिय वैमल्यं वृषतां दैर्घ्यमायुषः

· · ·

ये भूतविषवाय्वग्निक्षतभङ्गादिसंभवाः

· · ·

रागद्वेषमयाध्यााश्च ते स्युरागन्तवो गदाः

· · ·

नित्यं हिताहारविहारसेवी समीक्ष्यकारी विषयेष्वसक्तः। दाता समः सत्यपरः क्षमावानाप्तोपसेवी च भवत्यरोगः॥

-- Translation -- He , who indulges daily in healthy foods and activities, who discriminates the good and bad of everything and then acts wisely, who is not attached too much to the objects of the senses, who develops the habit of charity, of considering all as equal, of truthfulness, of pardoning and keeping company of good persons only, becomes free from all diseases.

· · ·

Thus ends the chapter called Roganutpadaniya, the fourth in Sutrasthana of Astangahrdaya samhita of srimad Vagdhata son of Sri Vaidyapati Simhagupta.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32 ]

त्यागः प्रज्ञापराधानामिन्द्रियार्थोपशमः स्मृतिः | देशकालात्मविज्ञानं सद्वृत्तस्यानुवर्तनम्‌ ३२

-- Translation -- Tyāgaḥ prajñāparādhānāmindriyārthopaśamaḥ smṛtiḥ | deśakālātma vijñānaṁ sadvṛttasyānuvartanam 32

· · ·

[ Sutra 33 ]

अर्थवविहिता शान्तिः प्रतिकूलग्रहर्चनम्‌ | भूताद्यस्पर्श निर्दिष्टश्च पृथक् पृथक् ३३

-- Translation -- Arthavavihitā śāntiḥ pratikūlagraharcanam | Bhūtādyasparśa nirdiṣṭaśca pṛthak pṛthak 33

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

अनुत्पत्तयै समासेन विधिरेषः प्रदर्शितः | निजागन्तुविकाराणा मृत्त्पन्नानां च शान्तये ३४

-- Translation -- Anutpattayai samāsena vidhireṣaḥ pradarśitaḥ | Nijāgantuvikārāṇā ṃ mrttppannānāṃ ca śāntaye 34

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

शीतोद्भवं दोषचयं वसन्ते विशोधयन् ग्रीष्मजम् अभ्रकाले | घनात्यये वार्षिकमाशु सम्यक् प्राप्नोति रोगान् ऋतुजान्न जातु ३५

-- Translation -- Śītodbhavaṁ doṣacayaṁ vasante viśodhayann greeṣhmajaṁ abhrakāle | ghanātyaye vārṣikamāśu samyak prāpnoti rogān ṛtujānna jātu 35

· · ·

नित्यं हिताहारविहारसेवी समीक्ष्यकारी विषयेष्वसक्तः। दाता समः सत्यपरः क्षमावानाप्तोपसेवी च भवत्यरोगः॥

-- Translation -- He , who indulges daily in healthy foods and activities, who discriminates the good and bad of everything and then acts wisely, who is not attached too much to the objects of the senses, who develops the habit of charity, of considering all as equal, of truthfulness, of pardoning and

keeping company of good persons only, becomes free from all diseases.

· · ·

Thus ends the chapter called Roganutpadaniya, the fourth in Sutrasthana of Astangahrdaya samhita of srimad Vagdhata son of Sri Vaidyapati Simhagupta.

· · ·

नित्यं हिताहारविहारसेवी समीक्ष्यकारी विषयेष्वसक्तः । दाता समः सत्यपरः क्षमावानाप्तोपसेवी च भवत्यरोगः ॥

-- Translation -- He , who indulges daily in healthy foods and activities, who discriminates the good and bad of everything and then acts wisely, who is not attached too much to the objects of the senses, who develops the habit of charity, of considering all as equal, of truthfulness, of pardoning and keeping company of good persons only, becomes free from all diseases.

· · ·

Thus ends the chapter called Roganutpadaniya, the fourth in Sutrasthana of Astangahrdaya samhita of srimad Vagdhata son of Sri Vaidyapati Simhagupta.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32 ]

त्यागः प्रज्ञापराधानामिन्द्रियार्थोपशमः स्मृतिः

-- Translation -- tyāgaḥ prajñāparādhānāmindriyārthopashamaḥ smṛtiḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 33 ]

देशकालात्मविज्ञानं सद्वृत्तस्यानुवर्तनम्

-- Translation -- deśakālātma vijñānaṁ sadvṛttasyānuvartanamm

· · ·

अर्थवविहिता शान्तिः प्रतिकूलग्रहार्चनम्

-- Translation -- arthavavihitā śāntiḥ pratikūlagrahārcanam

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

भूताद्यस्पर्श निर्दिष्टश्च पृथक् पृथक्

-- Translation -- bhūtādyasparśha nirdiṣṭaśca pṛthak pṛthak

· · ·

अनुत्पत्तयै समासेन विधिरेषः प्रदर्शितः

-- Translation -- anutpattayai samāsena vidhireṣaḥ pradarśitaḥ

· · ·

निजागन्तुविकाराणा मूत्पन्नानां च शान्तये

-- Translation -- nijāgantuvikārāṇā mūtpannānāṁ ca śāntaye

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

शीतोद्भवं दोषचयं वसन्ते विशोधयन्

-- Translation -- śītodhavam doṣacayaṁ vasante viśodhayann

· · ·

ग्रीष्मजं अभ्रकाले घनात्यये वार्षिकमाशु सम्यक्

-- Translation -- grīṣhmajaṁ abhrakāle ghanātyaye vārṣikamāśu samyak

· · ·

प्राप्नोति रोगान् ऋतुजान्न जातु

-- Translation -- prāpnoti rogān ṛtujānna jātu

· · ·

[ Sutra 1-2 ]

जीवनं तर्पणं हृदयं हलादि बुद्धि प्रबोधनम् । तनु अव्यक्तरसंस् मृृष्टं शीतं लघु अमृतोपमम् । गड्गाम्बु नभसो भृष्टं सृष्टिं तु अर्केन्दुदुमासुतेः हिताहितत्वे तदूयो देशकालावपेक्षते ।

-- Translation -- Rain water is which has come into contact with Sunlight, Moon light and wind is Jeevaneeya - Enlivening, improves quality of life Tarpana - satiating Hrudya - good for heart Hladi - calming and soothing to the mind and stomach Buddhi praboodhanam - Stimulates intellect Tanu - thin Avyaktarasa - imperceptible taste Sheeta - cold Laghu (light to digest) Amrutopama - similar to nectar Whether rain water is good or bad depends on the season and place where it rains.

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ½ ]

येनाभिवृष्टममलं शाल्यन्नं राजते स्थितम् । अक्लेदन्नमवर्णं च तत्पेयं गाड्गम् ।

-- Translation -- Only that rain water which makes the boiled rice kept in a clean silver plate neither too moist nor change its color is to be considered as good for drinking.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32 ]

त्यागः प्रज्ञापराधानामिन्द्रियार्थोपशमः स्मृतिः

-- Translation -- देशकालात्मविज्ञानं सद्वृत्तस्यानुवर्तनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 33 ]

अर्थव्विहिता शान्तिः प्रतिकूलग्रहार्चनम्

-- Translation -- भूताद्यस्पर्श निर्दिष्टश्च पृथक् पृथक्

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

अनुत्पत्तयै समासेन विधिरेषः प्रदर्शितः

-- Translation -- निजागन्तुविकाराणा मृत्त्पन्नानां च शान्तये

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

शीतोद्भवं दोषचयं वसन्ते विशोधयन् ग्रीष्मजम् अभ्रकाले

-- Translation -- घनात्यये वार्षिकमाशु सम्यक प्राप्तोति रोगान् ऋतुजान्न जातु

· · ·

नित्यं हिताहारविहारसेवी समीक्ष्यकारी विषयेष्वसक्तः । दाता समः सत्यपरः क्षमावानाप्तोपसेवी च भवत्यरोगः ॥

-- Translation -- He , who indulges daily in healthy foods and activities, who discriminates the good and bad of everything and then acts wisely, who is not attached too much to the objects of the senses, who develops the habit of charity, of considering all as equal, of truthfulness, of pardoning and keeping company of good persons only, becomes free from all diseases.

· · ·

Thus ends the chapter called Roganutpadaniya, the fourth in Sutrasthana of Astangahrdaya samhita of srimad Vagdhata son of Sri Vaidyapati Simhagupta.

· · ·

[ Sutra 1-2 ]

जीवनं तर्पणं हृदयं हलादि बुद्धि प्रबोधनम् । तनु अव्यक्तरसंस् मृृष्टं शीतं लघु अमृतोपमम् । गड्गाम्बु नभसो भृष्टं सृष्टं तु अर्केन्दुदुमासुतैः हिताहितत्वे तदूयो देशकालावपेक्षते ।

-- Translation -- Rain water is which has come into contact with Sunlight, Moon light and wind is Jeevaneeya - Enlivening, improves quality of life Tarpana - satiating Hrudya - good for heart Hladi - calming and soothing to the mind and stomach Buddhi praboodhanam - Stimulates intellect Tanu - thin Avyaktarasa - imperceptible taste Sheeta - cold Laghu (light to digest) Amrutopama - similar to nectar Whether rain water is good or bad depends on the season and place where it rains.

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ½ ]

येनाभिवृष्टममलं शाल्यन्नं राजते स्थितम् । अकिलन्नमविवर्णं च तत्पेयं गाड्गम् ।

-- Translation -- Only that rain water which makes the boiled rice kept in a clean silver plate neither too moist nor change its color is to be considered as good for drinking.

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

अन्यथा सामुद्रं, तन्न पातव्यं मासादाश्वयुजाद्विना

-- Translation -- Seawater should not be used for drinking expect during Ashvayuja month. (September. October/autumn season).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Notes:- During Ashvayuja month there will be the appearance of Agastya nakshatra (the star Canopus) which is said to remove the poisonous properties of water and other things of the earth, hence permission to use other kinds of water for drinking during this month.

· · ·

एनद्रमम्बु सुपात्रस्थमविपन्नं सदा पिबेत्

-- Translation -- Rain water, collected in clean vessel and which has not changed in color taste and odor, should be used for drinking always.

· · ·

तदभावे च भूमिष्ठमान्तरिक्षानुसारि यत्

-- Translation -- In its absence, the water of the earth, which resembles rainwater in all

· · ·

शुचिपृथ्वस्थितश्वेते देशे अर्कपवनाहतम्

-- Translation -- its qualities, collected from clean vast place that has black or white soil, which is exposed to sunlight and breeze.

· · ·

[ Sutra 6-7 ½ ]

न पिबेत्पङ्कशैवालतृणपर्णाविलासृतम्

-- Translation -- Water which is dirty, mixed with mud, algae, weeds and leaves,

· · ·

सूर्यैन्तुपवनाहष्टमभिवृष्टं घनं गुरु

-- Translation -- which is not exposed to sunlight and wind, which is a mixture of old and fresh, which is thick,

· · ·

फेनिलं जन्तुमत्तत्प्तं दन्तग्राहयतिशैत्यतः

-- Translation -- not easily digestible, frothy, containing worms, hot (by nature), causes tingling of teeth by being very cold,

· · ·

अनार्तवं च यदिव्यमार्तवं प्रथमं च यत्

-- Translation -- that rain water which is un-seasonal or though seasonal that of the first rain (before the appearance of Agastya Nakshatra,

· · ·

लूतादितान्तुविषमूत्रविषं श्लेष्मदूषितम्

-- Translation -- that contaminated with the webs, saliva, urine, faeces of spider etc., and such other poisonous materials, should not be used for drinking.

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

पश्चिमोदधिगः शीघ्रवहा याश्चामलोडकाः

-- Translation -- Water of the rivers which flow into the western ocean (Arabian sea),

· · ·

पथ्याः समासत्ता नद्यः विपरीतास्त्वतो अन्यथा

-- Translation -- which are sweet and which have pure water (uncontaminated) is good for health, where as that flowing into eastern ocean is not ideal for consumption.

· · ·

उपलास्फालनाक्षेपविच्छेदैः खेदितोदकाः

· · ·

हिमवन्मलयोत्थाः पथ्यासताः एव च स्थिराः

· · ·

कृमिश्लीपदहृत्कण्ठशिरोरोगान् प्रकुर्वते

· · ·

-- Translation -- The water of rivers arising from Himalaya and Malaya mountains, and which get churned up well by dashing against rocks are good for health, whereas the same water if gets stagnated (and gets contaminated) gives rise to worms (intestinal parasites), filariasis, diseases of the heart, throat and head. 9-10

· · ·

प्राच्यान्त्यपरान्तोत्था दुर्नीमानि, महेन्द्रजा:

· · ·

उदरश्लीपदातङ्कान्, सहयाविन्ध्योद्भवा: पुनः

· · ·

कुष्ठपाण्डुशिरोरोगान्, दोषग्न्य: पारियात्रजा

· · ·

बल पौरुषकारिण्य:, सगगराभिस्त्रिदोषकृत्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Water of rivers of the Pracya (gauda), Avanti (malwa) Aparanta (konkana) countries causes hemorrhoids. Water of rivers arising from Mahendra mountains cause enlargement of the abdomen and filariasis; those arising from Sahya and Vindhya mountains causes leprosy (and other skin disease) anaemia and diseases of the head; of those arising from Pariyatra, mitigate the (aggravated) dosas, bestow strength and sexual vigour, the water of the sea causes vitiation of all the three dosas. 11-12.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Notes:- Pracya or Gauda desa comprises of central Bengal and parts of Orissa Avanti or Malwa country was round about the modern city of Ujjain. Aparanta or konkana comprises of Goa, karwr and north kanara districts of Karnataka. Mahendra mountain is the northern part of the eastern gaths, (the whole range of hills extending from Orissa to the district of Madura was known by the western Ghats. Vindhyas are mountain ranges of central India. Prriyatra is the western part of the Vindhya mountains.

· · ·

विद्यात्कूपतटाकादीन् जाङ्गलानूपशैलतः

· · ·

-- Translation -- The water of kupa (deep well), tadaga (artificial pond) etc., should be considered to be similar (in qualities and properties) to those of the desert, marshy and mountains (respectively). 12 ½

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jalapana varja- (avoiding of drinking water)

· · ·

नाम्बु पेयमशक्त्या वा स्वल्पमल्पाग्निगुल्मिभि:

· · ·

पाण्डुररातिसारोऽर्शोग्रहणीशोषशोथिभि:

· · ·

ऋते शरन्निदाघाभ्यां पिबेत्स्वस्थोऽपि चालयश:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Water should not be consumed or consumed in very little quantity, by those suffering from poor digestive function, tumors of the abdomen, anaemia, enlargement of the abdomen, diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, diseases of the duodenum, dropsy. Excepting for Sharad (autumn) and Nidagha (summer) even healthy persons should drink less quantity of water in all other seasons 13-14

· · ·

समस्थूलकृशा भुक्तमध्येान्तप्रथमाम्बुपा:

· · ·

शीतं मदात्ययग्लानिमूर्च्छोच्छ्वासच्छ्रमभ्रमान्‌

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

तृष्णोष्णाहपित्तासविषाणयम्नु नियच्छति १५

· · ·

दीपनं पाचनं कण्ठयं लघूषणं बस्तिशोधनम्‌

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

हिध्माध्मानानिलश्लेष्मसदय: शुद्धिनवज्वरे

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

कासामपीनसश्वासपाश्र्वेरुक्शु च शस्यते १७

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ama - accumulation of undigested materials,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Peenasa - rhinitis (running nose),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shwasa - dyspnoea and

· · ·

-- Translation -- Parshvaruja - pain in the flanks. 16-17

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

अनभिष्यन्दि लघु च तोयं क्वाथेतशीतलम्‌

-- Translation -- Water which is boiled and then cooled

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

पित्तयुक्‍ते हितं दोषे, व्युषितं त्रिदोषकृत्‌ १८

-- Translation -- Anabhishyandi - does not increase moisture or stickiness in the body

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

-- Translation -- Laghu - light to digest

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

-- Translation -- Useful in Pitta conditions.

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

-- Translation -- Water which is kept overnight, is not ideal for consumption. It increases Tridosha. 18.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Narikelodaka- (coconut water benefits):-

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

नारिकेलोदकं स्निग्धं स्वादु वृष्यं हिमं लघु

-- Translation -- Tender coconut water is

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

तृष्णापित्तानिलहरं दीपनं बस्तिशोधनम्‌ १९

-- Translation -- Snigdha - unctuous, oily

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Swadu - sweet,

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Vrushya - aphrodisiac,

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Hima - coolant,

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Laghu - easy to digest

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Relieves

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Trushna - thirst,

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Pittanila hara - balances Pitta and Vata.

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Deepana - increases hunger and

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

-- Translation -- Bastishodhana - cleanses urinary bladder.19

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 1/2 ]

वर्षासु दिव्यतोयोयं परं तोये वरं नद्योः‌

-- Translation -- During varsa (rainy season) rain water is best and river water least suitable for consumption. 19 1/2

· · ·

इति तोय वर्गः‌

· · ·

[ Sutra २० ]

स्वादुपाकरसं स्निग्धमोजस्यं धातुवर्धनम् । वातपित्तहरं वृष्यं श्लेष्मलं गुरु शीतलम् प्रायः पयः ॥

· · ·

-- Translation -- Generally milk is

· · ·

-- Translation -- Svadupakarasa - sweet in taste and also at the end of digestion,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snigdha - unctuous,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ojovardhana - increases Ojus,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dhatuvardhana - nourishes and increases body tissues,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata Pittahara - mitigates Vata and Pitta,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vrushya - aphrodisiac,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shleshmala - increases kapha

· · ·

-- Translation -- Guru - heavy to digest

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sheetala - coolant. 20-21

· · ·

अत्र गव्यं तु जीवनीयं रसायनम् क्षतक्षीणाहितं मध्यं बल्यं स्तन्यकरं सरम् । श्रमभ्रममदालक्ष्मीश्वासकासादितकुष्टः जीर्णज्वरं मूत्रकृच्छ्रं रक्तपित्तं च नाशयेत्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Cow's milk

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jeevaneeya - promotes long life,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Rasayana - anti aging, rejuvenating

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kshataksheena hita - good for those emaciated after chest injury

· · ·

-- Translation -- Medhya - increases intelligence,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Balya - strengthening

· · ·

-- Translation -- Stanyakara - promotes breast milk production

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sara - helps easy movement of the bowels

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shramahara - exhaustion,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bhramahara - dizziness

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mada - toxicity,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Alakshmi - in-auspiciousness

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shwasa - dyspnoea,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kasa - cough,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Atitrut Kshudha - severe thirst and hunger,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jeernajvara - chronic fevers,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mutrakrichra - dysurea

· · ·

-- Translation -- Raktapitta - bleeding diseases 21 1/2

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

हितं अत्यग्निन् अनिद्रेभ्यो गरियो माहिषं हिमम्‌ ॥ २३ ॥

-- Translation -- Buffalo milk is good for people with very good digestion power, who suffer from Anidra – insomnia. It is a coolant. 23

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

अल्पाम्बुपानव्यायायाम कटुतीक्तकषायशने: लघु आजं शोशज्वरश्वासरक्तपित्तातिसारजित्‌ ३४

-- Translation -- Goat drinks less water and does a lot of walking. It eats pungent and bitter grass and vegetables that are light to digest. Hence goat milk also carries these qualities. Goat milk is useful in Shosha - emaciation Jvara - fever Shwasa - dyspnoea, asthma, chronic bronchial disorders Raktapitta - bleeding disorders of Pitta origin such as haemorrhoids, nasal bleeding Atisara - diarrhoea, dysentery. 24

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

इषद्रूक्षोष्णलवणमौष्ठुकं दीपनं लघु शस्तं वातकफानाहकृमिशोफोदरार्शसाम्‌ २५

-- Translation -- Ushtra ksheera (milk of camel)- is Ishat ruksha - slightly dry ushna - hot Lavana - salty taste Deepana - increases digestion strength Laghu - easy to digest Vatakaphaan shastam - useful in Vata and Kapha Krumi - relieves worm infestation Shopha - anti inflammatory Udara - useful in ascites Arshas - haemorrhoids. 25

· · ·

मानुषं वातपित्तसृग्भिघाताक्षिरोगजितं तर्पणाश्चोतनैर्नस्स्ये:

-- Translation -- मानुषं वातपित्तसृग्भिघाताक्षिरोगजितं तर्पणाश्चोतनैर्नस्स्ये:

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ½ ]

अहृदयं तृष्णमाविकं २६

-- Translation -- अहृदयं तृष्णमाविकं २६ ½

· · ·

हस्तिन्या: स्थैय्यकृत्

-- Translation -- हस्तिन्या: स्थैय्यकृत्

· · ·

वादमुष्णं त्वैकशफं लघु शाखावातहरं साम्ललवणं जडताकरम्

-- Translation -- वादमुष्णं त्वैकशफं लघु शाखावातहरं साम्ललवणं जडताकरम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

पयोऽभिष्यन्दि गुरूवाम्, युक्त्या श्रुतमतोऽन्यथा २८ भवेद्गरीयोऽतिशृतं, धारोष्णममृतोपमम्

-- Translation -- पयोऽभिष्यन्दि गुरूवाम्, युक्त्या श्रुतमतोऽन्यथा २८ भवेद्गरीयोऽतिशृतं, धारोष्णममृतोपमम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

अम्लपाकरसं ग्राहि गुरुष्णं दाधि वातजित्

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

मेदः शुक्रबलश्लेष्मपित्तरक्ताग्निशोफकृत्‌ रोचिष्णु शस्तमरुचौ शीतके विषमज्वरे

· · ·

[ Sutra 31 ]

पीनसे मूत्कृच्छ्रे च, रूक्षं तु ग्राहणीगदे नैवाद्यैन्निशि नैवोष्णं वसन्तोष्णं शरत्सु न

· · ·

[ Sutra 32 ]

नामुद्गसूपं नाक्षौद्रं तन्नाघृतसितोपलम्‌ न चानामलकं नापि नित्यं णौ मन्थमन्यथा

· · ·

ज्वारृक्पित्तवततवीसर्पकुष्ठपाण्डुश्रमप्रदम्‌

· · ·

[ Sutra 33 ]

तक्रं लघु कषायाम्लं दीपनं कफवातजित्

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

शोफोदरार्शोग्रहणीदोषमूत्रग्रहारुचि: प्लीहगुल्मघृतव्यापद्गरपाण्डवामयान् जयेत्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Takra (butter milk) - churned curds

· · ·

-- Translation -- Laghu - easy to digest

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kashaya, amla - sour, astringent,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Deepana - improves digestion strength

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kaphavatjit - balances Kapha and Vata

· · ·

-- Translation -- Useful in

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shopha - inflammatory conditions

· · ·

-- Translation -- Udara - ascites

· · ·

-- Translation -- Arsha - hemorrhoids

· · ·

-- Translation -- Grahani - malabsorption syndrome

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mutradosha, Mutragraha - urine infection, dysuria

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - anorexia

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pleeha - splenomegaly

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - abdominal distention

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ghritavyapat - in indigestion caused by excess consumption of ghee

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gara visha - chronic intoxication and

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pandu - anemia

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mastu - Supernatent liquid of curds (whey/watery part of curds) :-

· · ·

तदवन्मस्तु स‌रं स्रोतः शो​धि विष्टम्भजित् ल​घु ।

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mastu is similar to buttermilk. It is

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sara - promotes movement of fluids inside body channels

· · ·

-- Translation -- Srotashodhi - cleanses body channels

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vishtambhajit - relieves constipation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Laghu - easy to digest.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Navanita (Butter):-

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

नवनीतं नवं वृष्यं शीतं वर्णबलाग्निकृत् ३५

· · ·

[ Sutra 36 ]

सङ्ग्राहि वातपित्तासृकक्षयार्शो​र्दितकासजित् क्षीरोद्रवं तु सङ्ग्राहि रक्तपित्तक्षिरोगजित् ३६

· · ·

-- Translation -- Fresh Navanita (butter) is

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vrushya - aphrodisiac,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sheeta - coolant

· · ·

-- Translation -- Varna, bala, agnikrut - improves skin complexion, strength and digestion strength.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sangrahi - abosrbent, useful in diarrhoea

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vatapitta­s‌ruk jit - balances Vata, Pitta and detoxifies blood

· · ·

-- Translation -- Useful in

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kshaya - chronic respiratory disorders leading to emaciation

· · ·

-- Translation -- Arsha - hemorrhoids

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ardita vata - paralysis

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kasa - cough

· · ·

-- Translation -- The butter made directly from milk is Sangrahi - absorbent, useful in diarrhoea Raktapittajit - useful in bleeding disorders Akshirogajit - useful in eye diseases. 35-36.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ghrita - (ghee/clarified butter):-

· · ·

[ Sutra 37 ]

शस्तं धीस्मृतिमेधाग्निबलाय: शुक्रचक्षुषाम्‌ बालवृद्धप्रजाकान्तिसौकुमार्यस्वाराथिनाम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 38 ]

क्षतक्षीणपरीसर्पशस्त्राग्निम्लपितातमनाम् वातपित्तविषोन్మादशोषालक्ष्मीजरापहम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 39 ]

स्नेहानामुत्तमं शीतं वयः स्थापनं परम्‌ सहस्रवीर्यं विधिभिः श्रृण्तं कर्मसहस्रकृत्

· · ·

-- Translation -- 37-39.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Purana ghrita - Old ghee

· · ·

[ Sutra 40 ]

मदापस्मारमूर्छोछ्छ्वासयशिरः कर्णाक्षियोनिजान्‌ पुराणं जयति व्याधीन्‌ व्रणशोधनरोपनम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- 40.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Milk preparations, fatty dairy products:

· · ·

[ Sutra 41 ]

बल्यान्: किलाटपीयूषकूर्चिकामरणादयः शुक्रनिद्राकफकरा विष्ठम्भिगुरुदोषला:

· · ·

-- Translation -- 41.

· · ·

गव्ये क्षीरघृते श्रेष्ठे निन्दिते तु आविसम्भवे

-- Translation -- Milk and ghee obtained from cows milk are best and those obtained from ewe's milk, the least.

· · ·

[ Sutra 42 ]

इक्षो: सरो गुरु: स्निग्धो बृंहण: कफमूत्रकृत्‌ । वृष्य: शीतोऽसरपित्तघ्न: स्वादुपाकरसो रस:

-- Translation -- Juice of sugar cane is Sara (laxative), Guru - heavy to digestion, Snigdha - unctuous, Brihmana - nutritive, improves weight, Kaphakrut - increases Kapha, Mutrakrut - increases urine volume, Vrushya - aphrodisiac, Sheeta - coolant, Asrapittaghna - useful in bleeding disorders, Swadupaka rasa - sweet.

· · ·

[ Sutra 43-44 ]

सोऽग्रे सलवणो दन्तपीडित: शर्करासम: मूलग्रन्थियुतोऽधोगतिपीडनान्मलसङ्करात्‌ । किज्चित्कालं विधृत्या च विकृतिं याति यान्त्रिक: विदाहि गुरुविषमश्च तेनासौ

-- Translation -- The tip of shoots of sugarcane has salt taste. If the roots, shoots and worm infested parts of the cane is crushed together, the juice gets mixed with dirty material. It leads to burning sensation, indigestion and constipation.

· · ·

[ Sutra 45 ]

शैत्यप्रसादमाधुर्यैर्वरस्तमनु वंशिक:

-- Translation -- The Poundraka variety of cane is best in view of its coolant, effect, thinness and more sweetness of its juice; next to it is the Vamsika variety.

· · ·

[ Sutra 46 ]

शतपर्वकान्तारनैपालाद्यास्तत: क्रमात् सक्षारा: सकषायाश्च सोष्णा: किञ्चिद्विदाहिन:

-- Translation -- Next are the Sataparvaka, Kantara, Naipala etc., in respective order, are slightly Alkaline and astringent in taste, hot in potency and cause burning sensation slightly.

· · ·

फाणितं गुरूभिष्यन्दि चयकृत् मूत्रशोधनम् ।

-- Translation -- Phanita (half – cooked molasses) is heavy (hard to digest), Abhisyandi (increasing the secretions in the tissues pores and blocking them), causes mild increase of Tridosha and cleanses the urine (by increasing its quantity).

· · ·

[ Sutra 47 ]

नातिश्लेष्मकरो धौत: सृष्टमूत्रशकृड्गुड: ।

-- Translation -- Guda (jaggery, molasses), washed well (made white and purified)-

· · ·

प्रभूतकृमिमज्जासृड्मेदोमांसकफो अपर: ।

-- Translation -- Natishleshma kara – does not increase Kapha to a large extent Srushtamutrashakrut – increases volume of urine and faeces If it is not prepared properly, it causes intestinal worms, increases chances of Kapha disorder in marrow, blood, fat tissue and muscles.

· · ·

[ Sutra 48 ]

हृद्य: पुराण: पथ्यश्च , नव: श्लेष्माग्निसादकृत् ।

-- Translation -- Old jaggery is good for heart, and should be consumed. Freshly prepared jaggery increases Kapha and causes indigestion. 47-48.

· · ·

[ Sutra 49 ]

वृष्या: क्षीणक्षतहिताः रक्तपित्तानिलापहा: । मत्स्यण्डिकाखण्डसिता: क्रमेण गुणवत्तमा: ।

-- Translation -- Matsyandika (brown sugar), Khanda (sugar candy) and Sita (white crystalline sugar) in their succeeding order are better.They are aphrodisiac, good for the emaciated and the wounded, useful in bleeding diseases and aggravation of Vata.

· · ·

तद्गुणा तिक्तमधुरा कषाया यासशर्करा

· · ·

[ Sutra 49½ ]

-- Translation -- Yasa Sarkara (sugar prepared from Yavasaka plant) is similar in properties to sugar but is bitter-sweet and astringent in taste. 49½.

· · ·

दाहतृट्छर्दिमूर्छोऽसृक्पिततध्न्या: सर्वशर्करा:

· · ·

[ Sutra 50 ]

-- Translation -- All types of sugars are useful in burning sensation, thirst, vomiting, fainting and bleeding diseases. 50.

· · ·

शर्करेक्षुविकाराणां फाणितं च वरावरे ।

· · ·

[ Sutra 50½ ]

-- Translation -- Among the products of sugarcane juice, sugar is the best and Phanita (half cooked molasses) is the least. 50½.

· · ·

चक्षुष्यं छेदि तृट्श्लेष्मविषहिध्मासपित्तनुत् ५१

· · ·

[ Sutra 51 ]

मेहकुष्ठकृमिच्छर्दिद्देश्वासकासातिसारजित्

· · ·

[ Sutra 52 ]

व्रणशोधनसन्धानारोपणं वातलं मधु ५२

· · ·

रुक्षं कषाय मधुरं, तत्‌तुल्या मधुशर्करा

· · ·

[ Sutra 53 ]

उष्णमुष्णारमुष्णो स युक्तं चोष्णैर्निहन्ति तत्

· · ·

[ Sutra 54 ]

प्रचछर्दने निरूहे च मधूष्णं न निवार्यते अलब्धपाकमाश्रित्य तयोःस्मान्निवर्तते

-- Translation -- इतीक्ष्णुवर्‌गः

· · ·

[ Sutra 55 ]

तैलं स्वयोनिवृत तत् मुख्यं तीक्ष्णं व्यवायि च

· · ·

[ Sutra 55 ]

त्वग्दोषहत अजचक्षुष्यं सूक्ष्मोष्णं कफकृन्न च

· · ·

[ Sutra 56 ]

कृशानां बंहनायालं स्थूलानां करशनाय च

· · ·

[ Sutra 56 ]

बद्धविट्कं कृमिघ्नं च संस्कारात सर्वरोगजित

· · ·

[ Sutra 57 ]

सतिक्तोष्णमैरण्ड तैलं स्वादु सरं गुरु

· · ·

[ Sutra 57 ]

वध्र्मगुल्मानिलकफानुदरं विषमज्वरम

· · ·

[ Sutra 58 ]

रुक्शोफौ च कटीगुह्यकोष्ठपृष्ठास्यौ जयेत्

· · ·

[ Sutra 58 ]

तीक्ष्णोष्णं पिच्छिलं विसं, रक्तैरंडोद्रवं त्वति

· · ·

-- Translation -- Castor oil is bitter, pungent and sweet in taste,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sara - promotes natural movement of body fluids (laxative),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Guru - hard to digest,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Useful in

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vardhma - enlargement of the scrotum (hernia),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gulma - abdominal tumors,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Anila kaphahara - diseases caused by Vata and Kapha,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Udara - ascites

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vishama jwara = intermittent fevers,

· · ·

-- Translation -- pain and swellings of the waist, genitals, abdomen and back, is capable of penetrating deep, hot in potency and bad in smell.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Oil of red variety of castor seeds is still more penetrating, hot in potency and sticky and has a bad smell. 57 - 58.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Notes :- Castor oil is used for medicinal purpose to produce purgation to relieve pains and reduce swelling etc. it is an efficient Vatahara drug (mitigates the increased Vata) and so very useful in many diseases.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sarshapa Taila - (mustard oil benefits) :

· · ·

[ Sutra 59 ]

कटूष्णं सार्षपं तीक्ष्णं कफशुक्रानिलापहम् ।

-- Translation -- kaṭūṣṇaṁ sāṛṣapaṁ tīkṣṇaṁ kaphaphukrānīlāpaham ।

· · ·

[ Sutra 59 ]

लघु पित्तासृकृतं कोठकुष्ठाश्विवणजित् ५९

-- Translation -- laghu pittāsŗkŗt koṭhakuṣṭhāśvīvaṇajit 59

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sarsapa Taila - (mustard oil) is pungent, hot in potency, penetrating deep, mitigates (reduces) Kapha, semen and Anila (Vata), easy to digest, causes bleeding diseases, rashes on the skin, skin diseases, haemorrhoids, ulcers, and worms (bacteria etc).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aksha Taila - (oil of Vibhitaka) :-

· · ·

आक्षं स्वादु हिमं केश्यं गुरु पित्तानिलापहम् ।

-- Translation -- ākṣaṁ svādu himaṁ keśyaṁ guru pittānīlāpaham ।

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aksa Taila - oil obtained from seeds of Vibhitaka is sweet, cold in potency good for the hair, hard to digest, mitigates Pitta and Vata.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Nimbi Taila - (Neem oil) :-

· · ·

[ Sutra 60 ]

नात्युष्णं निम्बजं तिक्तं कृमिवृथ्टकफप्रणुत् ॥ ६० ॥

-- Translation -- nātyuṣṇaṁ nimbajaṁ tiktaṁ kŗmikuṣṭakaphapraṇut ॥ 60 ॥

· · ·

-- Translation -- Neem oil - is not very hot (slightly hot) in potency, bitter, anti microbial, useful in skin diseases and mitigates Kapha. 60.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 62

· · ·

उमा कुसुम्भजं चोष्णं त्वग्दोषकफपित्तकृत् ।

-- Translation -- Taila of Uma (linseed) and Kusumbha are hot in potency, produce diseases of the skin, aggravate Kapha and Pitta.

· · ·

[ Sutra ६१ ]

वसा मज्जा च वातघ्नौ बलपित्तकफप्रदौ ।

-- Translation -- Vasa (muscle-fat) and Majja (bone-marrow) and fat mitigate Vata, cause increase of strength,

· · ·

मांसानुगस्वरूपौ च विद्यान्मेदो अपि ताविव ।

-- Translation -- Pitta and Kapha and similar in properties with the meat of animals from which they are obtained.

· · ·

[ Sutra ६२ ]

दीपनं रोचनं मद्यं तीक्ष्णोष्णं तुष्टिपुष्टिदम् ।

-- Translation -- Madya (wines, all alcoholic beverages generally) in general, Deepana - stimulate digestion,

· · ·

सस्वादुतिक्तकटुककमम्लपाकरसंसकर्षाय स्वरारोग्यप्रतिभावनकृल्लघु ।

-- Translation -- Rochana - help taste, Teekshna - penetrate deep, Ushna – hot in potency, Tushti pushtida - give satisfaction and nourishment Saswadu tikta katukam - slightly sweet, bitter and pungent in taste,

· · ·

[ Sutra ६३ ]

नष्टनिद्रा अतिनिद्रेभ्यो हितं पित्तासृदूषणम् ।

-- Translation -- Amlapaka rasa - sour at taste and at the end of digestion, Sara - laxative,

· · ·

[ Sutra ६४ ]

कृशस्थूलहितं रूक्षं सूक्ष्मं सोतोविशोधनम् ।

-- Translation -- Sakashaya - slightly astringent, Svarā- confer good voice, Arogya - improves health, Pratibha - talent, Varna - colour and complexion;

· · ·

वातश्लेष्महरं युक्त्या पीतं विप्रत् अन्यथा ।

-- Translation -- Laghu - easy to digest, Beneficial to those having loss of sleep or excess sleep for both lean and stout persons; is non-viscid, capable of entering through minute pores and cleansing them, mitigate Vata and Kapha, all these if used judiciously; but used otherwise, they act like poison. 62-641⁄2.

· · ·

[ Sutra ६५ ]

गुरु तद्दोषजननं नवं, जीर्णमतो अन्यथा ।

· · ·

पेयं नोष्णोपचारेण न विरिक्तक्षुधातुरैः

· · ·

[ Sutra 66 ]

नात्यर्थतीक्ष्णमृदु अल्पसंभारं कलुषं न च ६६

-- Translation -- Fresh wine is hard to digest; increases of all the Doshas, whereas old ones decrease; Contra indication for wines: Wine should not be consumed hot. It should not be consumed by person undergoing Virechana (purgation) panchakarma therapy It should be avoided by hungry person Wines which are very strong or very weak, which are very clear (like water) or very turbid and those which are spoilt, should not be used for drinking. 65-66.

· · ·

[ Sutra 67 ]

गुल्मोदरार्शोग्रहणीशोषहत् स्नेहनी गुरु: सुरा अनिलध्नी मेदो असृक्‌स्तन्यमूत्रकफावहा ६७

-- Translation -- Sura is useful in abdominal tumors, enlargement of the abdomen, heamorrhoids, duodenal diseases, is lubricating, hard to digest, mitigates Vata, causes increase of fat, blood, milk, urine and Kapha. 67. Notes :- Sura is prepared by fermenting a mixture of water, flour of rice, jaggery (treacle) etc., somewhat like the beer of the present day.

· · ·

[ Sutra 68-69 ]

तद्गुणा वारुणी हृद्या लघुस्तीक्ष्णा निहन्ति च शूलकासवमिश्वासविवन्धाध्मानपीनसान् ६८ नातितीव्रमदा लघ्वी पथ्या वैभीतकी सुरा व्रणे पाण्ड्वामये कुष्ठे न चात्यर्थ विरुद्ध्यते ६९

-- Translation -- Sura prepared from Vibhitaka is not very intoxicating, is easy to digest, good for health; not so harmful, (as other wines) in wounds, anaemia, and leprosy and other skin diseases. 69.

· · ·

विष्टम्भिनी यवसुरा गुरू रूक्षातृदोषला ।

-- Translation -- Sura prepared from Yava - Barley - Hordeum vulgare (barley) causes constipation, is difficult to digest, non-unctous and aggravates all the three Doshas. 61½.

· · ·

[ Sutra 70-71 ]

यथोद्रव्यगुणो अरिष्टः सर्वमध्यगुणाधिकः ग्रहणीपाण्डुकृम्ठार्शः शोफशोषोदरज्वरान् हन्ति गुल्मकृमिप्लीहः कषायकोटुवातलः

· · ·

[ Sutra 72 ]

माद्वींकं लेखनं हृदयं नात्यु‌षणं मधुरं सरम् अल्पपित्तानिलं पाण्डु मेहाशः कृमिनाशनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 73 ]

अस्मादल्पान्तरगुणं खार्जूरं वातलं गुरु

· · ·

[ Sutra 73 ]

शार्करः सुरभिः स्वादु हृदयो नातिमदो लघुः ॥ ७३ ॥

· · ·

[ Sutra 73½ ]

सृष्टमूत्रशकृत वातो गौडः तर्पणदीपनः ।

· · ·

वातपित्तकरः सैधुः स्नेहश्लेष्मविकारहा

· · ·

मेदः शोफोदरार्शोघ्नस्तत्र पक्वरसो वरः

· · ·

[ Sutra 74 ]

-- Translation -- Sidhu (prepared from fermenting sugarcane juice) aggravates Vata and Pitta, decreases lubrication and diseases of Kapha, obesity, dropsy, enlargement of the abdomen and haemorrhoids; that prepared by cooking sugarcane juice is best. 74.

· · ·

छेद्दीमध्वासवस्तीक्ष्णो मेहपीनसकासजित् ॥ ७५ ॥

· · ·

[ Sutra 75 ]

-- Translation -- Madhwasava (wine prepared from honey) breaks up hard masses (of Kapha etc), penetrates deep, useful in diabetes, chronic nasal catarrh and cough. 75.

· · ·

रक्तपित्तकफोत्त्क्लेदि शुक्तं वातानुलोमनम्

· · ·

भृशोष्णातीकष्णरुक्षाणां हृदयं रुचिकरं सरम्

· · ·

दीपनं शिशिरस्पर्शं पाण्डुत्कृक्मिनाशनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 76 ]

-- Translation -- Sukta (wine prepared from roots and tubers) increases the moisture of blood, Pitta and Kapha, expels Vata in downward directions, very hot in potency, is penetrating, causes dryness, sour, good to the heart, increases taste (appetite), is Sara - promotes bowel movements (laxative), enhances hunger, is cold to touch, useful in anaemia, diseases of the eye and worms. 76. Sukta prepared by using jaggery, sugarcane, honey and grapes are easy to digest in their successive order.

· · ·

गुडेक्षु मदयं मार्दवीक शुक्तं लघु यथोत्तरम् ॥ ७७ ॥

· · ·

[ Sutra 77 ]

-- Translation -- Asava prepared by using tubers, roots, fruits etc, is similar to shukta.

· · ·

शाण्डाकी चासुतं चान्यत् कालाम्लं रोचनं लघु ॥ ७८ ॥

· · ·

[ Sutra 78 ]

-- Translation -- Asava prepared by using Sandaki (balls of fried paddy mixed with spices, dried in sun and then deep fried in oil) and by other material (such as oil-cakes etc) which have turned sour by lapse of time are appetizers and easy to digest.

· · ·

[ Sutra 79 ]

धान्याम्लं भेदि तीक्ष्णोष्णं पित्तकृत्स्पर्शशीतलम्‌ । श्रमक्लमहरं रुच्यं दीपनं वातशूलनुत्‌ ॥

-- Translation -- Dhanyamla (prepared rice and such other grains) :- Dhanyamla is purgative, penetrating, hot in potency, aggravates Pitta, cold to touch, relieves fatigue and exhaustion, increases appetite and hunger, useful in pain of the urinary bladder, ideal for use as Asthapana (decoction enema), good to the heart, easy to digest, balances Vata and Kapha.

· · ·

[ Sutra 80 ]

एभिरेव गुणैर्युक्ते सौवीरकतुषोदके । कॄमिहॄद्रोगगुल्मार्शः पाण्डुरोगानिबर्हणे ॥

-- Translation -- Sauviraka and Tushodaka also possess similar properties, useful in worms, heart disease, abdominal tumor, haemorrhoids and anemia. These are prepared from dehusked barley and and barley-with-husk.

· · ·

[ Sutra 81 ]

ते क्रमात्तितुषैर्विद्याद्यातस्तुषैश्च कॄते ।

-- Translation -- 79-81.

· · ·

[ Sutra 82 ]

मूत्रंगो अजाविमहिषीगजाश्वोष्ट्रखरोद्रवम्‌ । पित्तलं रूक्षतीक्ष्णोष्णं लवणानुरसं कटु ॥

-- Translation -- Mutra Varga (group of urine) :- Urine of cow, goat, sheep, buffalo, elephant, horse, camel and donkey - these aggravate Pitta, are non-unctous, penetrating deep, hot in potency, pungent with salt as its secondary taste and useful in worms, dropsy, abdominal enlargement, flatulence, colic, anemia, aggravation of Kapha and Vata, abdominal tumors, loss of taste, poisoning, leucoderma, skin diseases and piles, and are easy to digest.

· · ·

[ Sutra 83 ]

कॄमिशोफोदरानाह शूलपाण्डुकफानिलान्‌ । गुल्मारुचिविषश्वित्रकुष्ठार्शांसि जयेल्लघु ॥

· · ·

-- Translation -- The sixth chapter of Astanga Hridaya is called as Annaswaroopa Vijnaneeya Adhyaya. It deals with details of different food materials. The chapter covers corns, grains, legumes, pulses, prepared foods, non veg food, leafy vegetables, fruits, salts and medicinal herbs.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shuka Dhanya Varga - Group of corns with spikes -

· · ·

अथ शूकधान्य वर्ग:

-- Translation -- Now the group of corns with spikes

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

रक्तो महान् सकलमस्तूर्णक: शूकुनाहृत: सारामुखो दीर्घशुको रोधशूक: सुगन्धिक: १

-- Translation -- Types of rice - Rakta (red), nahan (big sized rice), kalama, turnaka, shakunahruta, saaramukha, deerghashuka (having long sharp spike at the ends), sugandhika (having good smell),

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

पुण्ड्र: पाण्डु: पुण्डरीक: प्रमोदो गौरसारिवौ काञ्चनो महिष: शूको दूषक: कुसुमाण्डक: २

-- Translation -- rodhrashuka, pundra, pandu, pundarika, Pramoda, Gaura (white rice), Sariva, Kanchana (golden colored rice), mahisha, Shuka, Dushaka, Kusumandaka,

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

लाड्गलालोहवालाढ्या: कर्दमा: शीतभीरुकाः पतङ्गास्तपनोयाश्च ये चान्ये शालय: शुभा: ३

-- Translation -- Langala Lohavala, Kardama, Sheetabheeruka, Patanga, stapaneeya (bright red) - these varieties of rice are good for consumption. - 1-3

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities and health benefits of rice - which one is best?

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

स्वादुपकारस: स्निग्धा वृष्या बद्धाल्पवर्चस: कषायानुरस: पथ्या लघवो मूत्नला हिमा: ४

-- Translation -- Svadurasa - sweet taste, Svadupaka - sweet taste conversion after digestion, Snigdha - unctuous, Vrushya - natural aphrodisiac, Baddhalpavarchasaha - causes mild constipation, causes lesser volume of faeces, Kashaya anurasa - mild astringent taste, Pathya - suitable for daily consumption, Laghu - light to digest, Mutrala - diuretic, increases urine volume, Hima - coolant

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

शूकजेषु वरसस्तत्र रक्तस्तृण्णात्रिदोषहा महास्तमनु कलमस्तं चाप्यनु ततः परे

-- Translation -- Red variety of rice is the best quality (Raktashali). It relieves thirst and balances all the three Doshas. Next best to it is Mahan (big sized rice) variety. Next to it is Kalama variety, and the chronology continues, as in Verse 1 - 3.

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

यवका हायनः पांसुवाष्पनैषधकदयः स्वदूष्णा गुरु: स्निग्धा: पাকে अमला: श्लेष्मपित्तला: सृष्टमूत्रपुरीषश्च पूर्वं पूर्वं च निन्दिता:

-- Translation -- Yavaka, Haayana, Paamshu, Vashpa, Naishadha varieties of rice are Svadus - sweet, Ushna - hot in potency, Guru - hard to digest, Shleshmapittala - increases Kapha and Pitta Snigdha (unctuous, oily) Amlapaka - undergoes sour taste conversion after digestion Srushtamutrapureesha - increases bulk and volume of faeces and urine They are bad in their reverse order.

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

स्निग्धो ग्राहि लघु: स्वादुस्त्रिदोषघ्नः स्थिरो हिमः षष्टिको व्रीहिषु श्रेष्ठो गौरश्चासितगौरत:

-- Translation -- Shashtika shali - the paddy which matures in 60 days is best among all paddy. It is Snigdha - unctuous, oily Grahi - absorbent, useful in mal-absorption syndrome and diarrhea Laghu (light to digest) Svadus - sweet Tridoshaghna - balances all the three Doshas Sthira - brings in stability Hima -coolant It is of two types - Gaura - white and Asita-gaura (blackish white).

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

ततः क्रमान्महावीहिकृष्णव्रीहिजातूसमुखा: कुक्कुटाण्डकलावाख्यपारावतकशूकरा:

· · ·

[ Sutra 9 ]

वरकोदालकोज्ज्वालग्रीनशारदर्दुरा: गन्धना: कुरुविन्दाश्च गुणरल्यान्तरा: स्मृता:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Next inferior to shashtika is mahavrihi, next to that is krishnavrihi and the others such as jatu mukha, kukkutandaka, lavaka, paravataka, sukara, varaka, uddalaka, ujvala, cina, sarada, dardura, gandhana and kuruvinda. 7 b- 10 a

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

स्वादुरम्लविपाको अन्यो व्रीहि: पित्तकरो गुरु: । बहुमूत्रपुरीष्मा त्रिदोषस्त्वेव पाटल:॥

-- Translation -- The other types of rice are - sweet in taste, sour at the end of digestion, increases Pitta and are hard to digest. It increases volume of urine and faeces, increases body heat and causes imbalance of Tridosha. - 10 - 11

· · ·

-- Translation -- Truna dhanya Varga - group of grains produced by grass like plants -

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

कङ्गुकोद्रवनोवारश्यामाकादि हिमं लघु । तृणधान्यं पवनकृल्लेखनं कफपित्तहृत्॥

-- Translation -- Kangu, Kodrava, Neevara, Shyamaka and other grains are cold in potency, easily digestible, increases Vata, Lekhana (scraping, scarificient) and balance Kapha and Pitta. - 11

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

भग्नसन्धानकृतत्तत्र प्रियङ्गुगुरुबृंहणी । कारदूष: परं ग्राह्यी स्पष्टशीता विषापह:॥

-- Translation -- Of them, Priyangu helps in fracture healing, nutritive, nourishing and is hard to digest. Koradusha is grahi (absorbent), coolant and anti-poisonous.

· · ·

-- Translation -- (Yava) Barley benefits

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

रूक्ष: शीतोगुरु: स्वादु: सरो विटवातकृत् यव: । वृष्य: स्थैर्यकरो मूत्रमेद: पित्तकफान् जयेत्॥

-- Translation -- Yava (Barley) is Rooksha (dry) Sheeta - cold Guru (Heavy to digest) Svadu - Madhura (sweet) Sara - promotes bowel movements Vit-vata krut - it increases the bulk of faeces and causes flatus Vrushya - natural aphrodisiac Stairyakrut - increases body stability

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

पीनसश्वासकासोरुस्तम्भकृत् कण्ठतत्

अगामयान् ।

-- Translation -- Useful in Mutrameda - urinary disorder Pitta - Kapha imbalance disorders

· · ·

-- Translation -- Peenasa - running nose, rhinitis

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shwasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kasa - cough, cold

· · ·

-- Translation -- Urusthamba - thigh stiffness

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kantaroga - diseases of throat

· · ·

-- Translation -- Twakroga - skin diseases - 13 - 14

· · ·

न्यूने यवादनुयवः रूक्षोष्णो वंशाजो यवः

-- Translation -- Anuyava ( a small sized barley) is inferior in qualities to that of Yava. Venuyava (seeds of bamboo) is non- unctuous and hot in potency. 15

· · ·

-- Translation -- Godhuma - Wheat benefits -

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

वृष्यः शीतो गुरु: स्निग्धो जीवनो वातपित्तहा

-- Translation -- Wheat is

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

वृष्यः शीतो गुरु: स्निग्धो जीवनो वातपित्तहा

-- Translation -- Vrushya - natural aphrodisiac

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

वृष्यः शीतो गुरु: स्निग्धो जीवनो वातपित्तहा

-- Translation -- Sheeta - cold

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

वृष्यः शीतो गुरु: स्निग्धो जीवनो वातपित्तहा

-- Translation -- Guru (Heavy to digest)

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

वृष्यः शीतो गुरु: स्निग्धो जीवनो वातपित्तहा

-- Translation -- Snigdha - unctuous, oily

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

वृष्यः शीतो गुरु: स्निग्धो जीवनो वातपित्तहा

-- Translation -- Jivaniaya - enlivening

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

वृष्यः शीतो गुरु: स्निग्धो जीवनो वातपित्तहा

-- Translation -- Vatapitttaha - balances Vata and Pitta

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

सन्धानकारी मधुरो गोधूमः स्थैर्यकृत् सरः

-- Translation -- Sandhanakari - heals fractures and wounds

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

सन्धानकारी मधुरो गोधूमः स्थैर्यकृत् सरः

-- Translation -- Madhura (sweet)

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

सन्धानकारी मधुरो गोधूमः स्थैर्यकृत् सरः

-- Translation -- Sthairyakrut - increases body stability

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

सन्धानकारी मधुरो गोधूमः स्थैर्यकृत् सरः

-- Translation -- Sara - promotes bowel movements

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

पथ्या नन्दीमुखी शीता कषायमधुरा लघुः

-- Translation -- Pathya - can be had on daily basis

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

पथ्या नन्दीमुखी शीता कषायमधुरा लघुः

-- Translation -- Nandimukhi variety of wheat is good for health. It is

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

पथ्या नन्दीमुखी शीता कषायमधुरा लघुः

-- Translation -- Sheeta - cold

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

पथ्या नन्दीमुखी शीता कषायमधुरा लघुः

-- Translation -- Kashaya (astringent)

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

पथ्या नन्दीमुखी शीता कषायमधुरा लघुः

-- Translation -- Madhura (sweet)

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

पथ्या नन्दीमुखी शीता कषायमधुरा लघुः

-- Translation -- And Laghu (light to digest) 16

· · ·

इति शूकधान्यवर्गः

· · ·

अथ शिम्बोधान्यवर्ग:

· · ·

[ Sutra १७ ]

मुद्गाढक्य मसूरादि शिम्बीधान्यं विभन्धकृत्

· · ·

कषायं स्वादु सड्ग्राही कटुपाकं हिमं लघु

· · ·

मेदः श्लेष्मासपित्तेषु हितं लेपोपसेकयो:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mudga (green gram), adhaki (toor dal), masura(lentil) and other varieties belong to the group called shimbidhanya (those having pods/legumes).Vibandhakrut - They cause constipation,Kashaya, Swadu - astringent sweet in taste,Grahi - absorbent,Katu vipaka - pungent after digestion,Sheeta - cold in potency,Laghu - easily digestible,mitigate fat, kapha, asra (blood) and pitta, suited for use as external application and bathing the body parts etc. 17-18 a

· · ·

[ Sutra १८ ]

वरों ऽत्र मुद्गो ऽल्पचलः, कलायस्त्ववातलः

· · ·

राजमाषो ऽनिलकरो रूक्षो बहुशकृद्गुरु:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Among them, mudga (green gram) is best, it causes mild increase of chala (vata):kalaya (round pea) causes vata and dryness, produces more faeces and is hard to digest 18Rajamasha (big sized black gram) increases Vata, it is dry, heavy to digest and increases bulk of faeces.

· · ·

[ Sutra १९ ]

उष्णः कुलत्था पाके ऽम्लाः शुक्राश्मश्वासपीनसान्

· · ·

कासार्शः कफवातांशच घ्नन्ति पित्तसदः परम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kulttha (horse gram) isUshna - hot in potency,Amalapaka - sour at the end of digestion,cleanses semen, useful inurinary stones,Shwasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficultyPeenasa - running nose, rhinitisKasa - cough, coldKapha - Vata diseasesBut it increases bleeding disorders and is not recommended in such conditions, like menorrhagia.19

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

निष्पावो वातपित्तासृस्तन्यमूत्रकरो गुरु:

-- Translation -- Nishpavao vātapittāsṛstanyamūtrakaro guruḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

सरो विदाही हक्शुक्रकफशोषविषापहः

-- Translation -- Saro vidāhī ṛkśukrakaphāśoṣaviṣāpahaḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

माष: स्निग्धो बलश्लेष्ममलपित्तकरः सरः

-- Translation -- Māṣaḥ snigdho balaśleṣmamalapittakaraḥ saraḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

गुरुणोऽनिलहा स्वादुः शुक्रवृद्धिविरेककृत्

-- Translation -- Guruṣṇo 'nilahā svāduḥ śukravṛddhivirekakṛt

· · ·

फलानि माषवद्विध्यात्काण्डो लात्मगुप्तयोः

-- Translation -- Phalāni māṣavadvyātkāṇḍolā tmaguptayoḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

उषणस्त्वच्यो हिमः स्पर्शे केश्यो बल्यस्तिलो गुरु:

-- Translation -- Uṣṇastvacyo himaḥ sparśe keśyo balyastilo guruḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

अल्पमूत्रः कटुः पाके मेधाग्निकफपित्तकृत्

-- Translation -- Alpamūtraḥ kaṭuḥ pāke medhāgnikaphipittakṛt

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

-- Translation -- Balya - strengthening, Guru - hard to digest, Alpamutra - produces little quantity of urine, Katu paka - pungent at the end of digestion Medhakrut - increases intelligence, Agnikrut - increases digestive function, and increases kapha and pitta.

· · ·

Seeds of uma (linseed)

-- Translation -- Seeds of uma (linseed)

· · ·

[ Sutra 24 ]

स्निग्धोमा स्वादुतिक्तोष्णा कफपित्तकरी गुरु:। दृष्टशुक्रहृक् पाके कटु, तद्वत् बीजं कुसुमभजम् २४

-- Translation -- Snigdha unctuous, Madhura Tikta - sweet - bitter in taste, Ushna - hot in potency, increases kapha and pitta, hard to digest, not good for vision and semen. pungent at the end of digestion. Similar are the seeds of kusumbha.

· · ·

माषोऽत्र सर्षपवरः, यवकः शूकधान्यवत्

-- Translation -- Masa (black gram) in the group of simbija (legumes) and yavaka (small barley) in the group of sukaja (cereals) are inferior.

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

नवं धान्यमभिष्यन्दि, लघु संवत्सरोषितम् शीघ्रजन्म तथा सूप्यं निस्तुषं युक्तिभर्जितम्

-- Translation -- Fresh grains (just harvested) are abhisyandi (causes excess exudation from tissue pores and block them by it), those old by one year are easily digestible. Those which grow quickly, those which are removed of their husk, those that are properly fried are also easy to digest.

· · ·

इति शिम्बीधान्यवर्ग:

-- Translation -- Thus ends the group of shimbi dhanyas (legumes).

· · ·

अथ कृतान्न / पक्वान्न वर्ग:

-- Translation -- atha kṛtānna / pakvānna vargaḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ]

मण्डपेयाविलेपीना᳚मोदनस्य च लाघवं

-- Translation -- maṇḍapeyāvilepīnāmodanasya ca lāghavaṃ

· · ·

यथापूर्वं शिवस्तत्र मण्डो वातानुलोमनः

-- Translation -- yathāpūrvaṃ śivastatra maṇḍo vātānulomanaḥ

· · ·

[ Sutra 27 ]

तू᳚ड्ग्लानिदोषशेषघ्नः पाचनो धातुसाम्यकृत्

-- Translation -- tū᳚ḍglānidoṣaśeṣaghnaḥ pācano dhātusāmyakṛt

· · ·

सोतोमार्गवकृत्स्वेदो सन्धुक्षयति चानलम्

-- Translation -- sotomārgavakṛtsvedo sandhuṣsayati cānalam

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

क्षुतृष्णाग्लानिदौर्बल्यक्षयिरोगन्वापहा

-- Translation -- ksutṛṣṇāglānidaurbalyakṣayiroganvāpahā

· · ·

मलानुलोमनी पथ्या पेया दीपनपाचनो

-- Translation -- malānulomanī pathyā peyā dīpanapācanī

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

विलेपी ग्राहिणी हृद्या तृष्णाघ्नी दीपनी हिता

-- Translation -- vilepī grāhiṇī hṛdyā tṛṣṇāghni dīpanī hitā

· · ·

वणाक्षिरोगसन्धुद्गुद्बलस्नेहपाथिभि᳚नम्

-- Translation -- vaṇākṣirogasandhudgudbalasnehapāthibhi᳚nam

· · ·

सुधौत: प्रसृत: स्विन्नो अत्ययक्लोष्ट्मा चौदनो लघु:

-- Translation -- sudhautah prasṛtah svinno atyayaklōṣṭmā caudano laghuḥ

· · ·

यश्चाग्नेयौषधक्वाथसाधितो भृष्टतण्डुल:

-- Translation -- yaścāgneyauṣadhakvāthasādhito bhṛṣṭataṇḍulaḥ

· · ·

विपरीतो गुरु: क्षीरमांससाधितैर्य़श्च साधित:

-- Translation -- viparīto guruḥ kṣīramāṃsasādhitairyaśca sādhitaḥ

· · ·

-- Translation -- Odana (solid) prepared with grains which have been washed well, in which the entire water has evaporated and which is devoid of hot fumes is easy to digest; likewise that prepared along with addition of decoction of medicinal substances of hot potency or that prepared with fried grains are also easily digestible; the opposite of these that prepared with addition of milk, muttom etc., are hard to digest.

· · ·

इति द्रव्यक्रियायोगमानादयै: सर्वमादिशेत्

-- Translation -- In this manner, the effects of the grain, kind of processing, admixtures, quantity and other aspects should all be determined. 30-31 ½

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mamsa rasa (meat soup)

· · ·

बृहण: प्रीणनो वृष्यश्चक्षुष्यो व्रणहो रस:

-- Translation -- Mamsa rasa (meat soup) is Brihmana – nourishing Preenana – gives satisfaction, Vrushya – aphrodisiac, Chakshushya – good for the eye (vision) and Vranaha – heals ulcers and wounds. 32

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mudgasupa (soup of green gram)

· · ·

मौद्गस्तु पथ्य: संशुद्धव्रणकण्ठाक्षिरोगिणाम्

-- Translation -- Mudgasupa (soup of green gram) is good for health, for those who have undergone Panchakarma purification therapies and for those suffering from ulcers, diseases of the throat and eyes. 32 ½

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kulattha Supa (horse gram soup)

· · ·

वातानुलोमी कौलत्थयो गुल्मतूनौ प्रतूनिजित्

-- Translation -- Kulattha Supa (horse gram soup) is Vatanulomi – initiates normal movement of Vata Useful in Gulma (abdominal tumor), tuni and pratituni (pains of the groin region) 33

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

तिलपिण्याकविकृति: शुष्कशाकं विरूढकम् शाण्डाकोवटकं हग्ध्नं दोषलं ग्लपनं गुरु

-- Translation -- Eatables prepared from Tila (sesamum), Pinyaka (residue of sesamum after the oil is taken out), dried leafy vegetables, germinated grains, shandaki vataka (balls of fried rice dried in sun and then fried in oil) are not good for eyes, increase the doshas, cause debility and are hard to digest. 34 Hence, Ayurveda does not recommend germinated grains.

· · ·

रसाला बृहणी वृष्या स्निग्धा बल्या रुचिप्रदा ।

-- Translation -- Rasala - curds churned and added with pepper powder and sugar- it causes body weight increase, it is aphrodisiac, unctuous, improves strength and improves taste.

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

भ्रमक्षुत् तृट् क्लमहर पानकं प्रीणनं गुरु ॥३५॥ विष्ठम्भि मूत्नलं हृदयं यथाद्रव्यगुणं च तत् ।

-- Translation -- Relieves exhaustion, hunger, thirst and fatigue, gives satisfaction. It is generally hard to digest, stays long in the stomach, is diuretic and good to the heart. Its properties depends on material from which it is prepared. 35

· · ·

[ Sutra 36 ]

लाजास्तृट् छर्दयतिसार मेहमेद: कफच्छिद: ॥३६॥ कासपित्तोपशमना दीपना लघवो हिमा: ।

-- Translation -- Laja is prepared by frying paddy. Relieves thirst, vomiting, diarrhea, diabetes, obesity, mitigates kapha, cough and pitta, increases appetite, easy to digest and cold in potency. 36

· · ·

[ Sutra 37 ]

पृथुका गुरवो बल्याः कफ विष्ठम्भकारिणः ॥३७॥

-- Translation -- Prithuka (parboiled and flaked paddy) is hard to digest, strengthening increases kapha and causes constipation. Prithuka is prepared by boiling paddy for a short while and pounding it with a pestle and mortar. 37

· · ·

धानाः विष्टम्भिनी रूक्षाः तर्पणी लेखनी गुरुः ।

· · ·

[ Sutra 38-39 ]

सक्तवो लघवः क्षुत्-तृट्-श्रम-नेत्रामय-प्रणान् । घ्नन्ति सन्तर्पणाः पान्तसदृय एव बलप्रदाः ॥ नोदकान्तरितान् द्रविर्न निशायां न केवलान् ॥ न भुक्त्वा न दविजैश्छित्वा सक्तून् दयान्न वा बहून् ॥

· · ·

[ Sutra 40 ]

पिण्याको ग्लपनो रूक्षो विष्टम्भी दृष्टिदूषणः ॥

· · ·

[ Sutra 41 ]

वेसवारो गुरुः स्निग्धो बलोपचयवर्धनः । मुद्गादिजास्तु गुरवो व्याद्रादव्यगुणानुगाः ॥

· · ·

कुकूलकर्परभ्राष्ट्रकन्दवडगाविपाचितान् एकयोनीन् ल्लघुनिवद्यादपूपानुत्तरोत्तरम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Eatables cooked by steaming, baked on hot mud or iron pan, in a vessel kept over a stove, inside a hearth and baked by placing on burning coal directly are easy to digest in the successive order of their enumeration.

· · ·

-- Translation -- This means, eatables prepared directly over coal is easier to digest than eatables cooked by steaming. 42

· · ·

-- Translation -- Thus ends the groups of prepared foods.

· · ·

हरिणोणकुरङ्गाक्ष्षगोकरर्ण मृगमातृका:

· · ·

शशशम्बरचारुष्कशरभाष्या मृगा: स्मृता:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Harina (antelope, fawn) Kuranga (type of deer), Arksa (white footed antelope) Gokarna (Deer antelop), Mrigamatrika (Red coloured hare like deer), Shasha ( rabbit), Shambara (deer with branched horns), Charushka (gazelle) sarabha (eight footed animal) Etc. are known as Mriga 43.

· · ·

-- Translation -- These are different kinds of deer, antelope and bucks. Some of them are having horns, some are hornless, all of them are herbivorous and live in dry regions especially shrubby forests. In olden days they were being hunted mainly for food.

· · ·

लावावर्तकवर्तीररक्तवर्त्मकुक्कुभा:

· · ·

कपिञ्जलोपचक्राष्ठ्यचकोरुकुरबाहव:

· · ·

वर्तको वर्तिका चैव तित्तिरि: क्रकर: शिखी

· · ·

तामाचूडाख्यबकर्गोन्द्रगिरिवर्तिका:

· · ·

तथा शारपरेन्द्राभ्वरटादयश्च विष्टिरा:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Lava (bustard quail), Vartika (bush quail), Vartira (rain quail), Raktavartma (red eyed owl), Kukkubha (wild cock), Kapinjala (black partridge), Upachakra (small greek pheasant), Chakora (greek pheasant), Kurubhava, Vartaka (button quail), Vartika( bush quail), Tittiri (grey partridge), krakara (black partridge), sikhi (peacock), tamracuda (domestic cock), bakara (small creane), gonarda (siberian crane), girivartika (mountain quail), Sharapada (a kind of sparrow), indrabha (hedge sparrow), varata (goose) etc. belong to the group known as viskira (birds which scratch the ground with their legs and picks up their food.) 44-45

· · ·

[ Sutra 46 ]

जीवन्जीवकदात्यूहभृङ्गाहवशुकसारिकाः । लट्वाकोकिलहरीतकपोतचटकादयः ॥

-- Translation -- Jivanijivaka (greek partridge ), datyuha (gallinule), bhrunagahwa (shrike), suka (parakeet), sarika (mynah), latva (wild sparrow), kokila (cuckoo), harita (grey peigon), kapota (wood peigon), Chataka (house sparrow) etc. belong to the group of pratuda (birds which peck the food and eat).

· · ·

[ Sutra 47 ]

प्रतुदा भेकगोधाहिश्वाविदाद्या बिलेशयाः ।

-- Translation -- Bheka (frog), godha (iguana lizard), Ahi, (snake), swavid (hedgehog) etc. are bileshaya (living in burrows).

· · ·

[ Sutra 48-49½ ]

गोखरास्तररोष्ट्राश्वत्थीवपिसिञ्चिद्वीपनरा- । मार्जारमूषकव्याघ्रवृकबभ्रुत्रक्षवः । लोपाकजम्बुकश्येनचाश्वान्तादवायसः । शशघ्नीभासकुरगरगृध्रोलूककुलिङ्गकाः । धूमिका मधुहा चैति प्रसहा मृगपक्षिणः ॥

-- Translation -- Go (cow), khara (ass, donkey), aswatara (mule),ustra (camel), ashwa (horse), dwipi (leopard), Simha (lion), Aruksha (dear), Vanara (monkey), marjala (cat), musaka (rat, mice), Vyaghra (tiger), Vrka (jackal), babhru (large brown mongoose tarksu (hyena), lopaka (fox, jambuka (jackal), syena (hawk), casa (blue joy), vantada (dog), vayasa (crow), sasaghni (golden eagle ), bhasa (bread vulture ), kurara (osprey), grdhra (vulture), uluka (owl), kulingaka (sparrow hawk), dhumika (owlet), madhuha (honey buzzard), these and other animals and birds belong to the group known as prasaha (which catch their food by the teeth, tear it and eat.)

· · ·

[ Sutra 50 ]

वराहमहिषन्यङ्कुरुहरोहितवारणाः । सृमरश्चमरः खड्गो गवयश्च महामृगाः ॥

-- Translation -- Varaha (boar), mahisa (buffalo), nyanku (dog deer), rohita (big deer), ruru (swamp deer), varana (elephant), srmara (Indian wild boar), chamara (yak), khadga (rhinoceros) and Gavaya (goyal ox) are known as mahamriga (animals of huge body).

· · ·

हंससारसकादम्बबकककारण्डवप्लवा:

-- Translation -- Hamsa (swan), sarasa (Indian crane), kadamba (grey legged goose), baka (heron), karandava (white breasted goose), palva (pelican), balaka (crane),utkrosa (mattard Sheldrake), madgu (small cormorant), krouncha (pound heron) etc. are know as apcara (aquatic birds ).51

· · ·

बलाकोत्क्रोषचक्राह्वमद्गुक्रौञ्चादयोन अप्चराः

· · ·

मत्स्या रोहितापाठीनकूर्मकुम्भीरकर्कटा:

-- Translation -- Rohita (red fish), pathina (boal), kurma (tortoise), kumbhira (gavial, alligator), karkata (crab),

· · ·

शुक्तिशङ्खोदशम्बूकशफरीवर्मि चन्द्रिका:

-- Translation -- sukti (pearl mussel), sankha (conch shell), urdu (otter), sambuka (common snail), safari (large glistening fish), varmi candrika 9a kind of cat fish) culuki 9propoise, seahog ) pakra (crocodile),

· · ·

चुलूकीनक्रमकर शिशुमारतिमिङ्गिलाः

-- Translation -- makara (crocodile), sisumara (dolphin), timingala (whale , shark), raji (snake fish), cilicima (red striped fish) and others belongs to group of matsya (fishes). Thus eight kinds of (source of )

· · ·

राजीचिलिचिमाध्यमाश्च मांससमित्याहुरष्टधा

-- Translation -- mamsa (meat) are enumerated. 52–53 ½

· · ·

[ Sutra 52-53 ½ ]

मृग्यं वैश्करिकं किञ्च प्रातुदं च बिलेशयम्

· · ·

प्रासहं च महामृग्यमपचरं मात्स्यमष्टधा

· · ·

[ Sutra 54 ]

-- Translation -- Goat and sheep are not included in any particular group because of their mixed heredity and living in all types o lands. 54

· · ·

[ Sutra 54 ½ ]

-- Translation -- Out of the eight groups mentioned above, the first three (Mriga, viskriya and pratuda) are also know as Jangala (Vata dominant); the last three (mahamriga, Jalacara and Matsya), are also called anupa (Kapha dominant); The middle two (bilesaya and prasaha) are known as sadharana ( tridosha balancing) 54 ½ The region of land which has dry forests (shrubby) with less rainfall is Jangala, the region. This region is Vata dominant. Area with plenty of rainfall and water-logged is anupa (Kapha dominant), The region which has neither too much of dryness nor too much of moisture is Sadharana (temperature). The nature and qualities of the land are also seen in all the flora and fauna of the region.

· · ·

[ Sutra 55 ]

तत्र बद्धमलाः शीताः लघवो जाङ्गलाः हिताः । पित्तोत्तरे वातमध्ये सन्निपाते कफानुगे ।

-- Translation -- Meat of the Jangala group are the best , they cause constipation, are cold (in potency), easily digestible, and good in sannipata with great increase of pitta and moderate increase of vata, mild increase of kapha following them.

· · ·

[ Sutra 56 ]

दीपनः कटुकः पाके ग्राहि रूक्षो हिमः शशः ।

-- Translation -- The flesh of shasha (rabbit), enhances hunger, pungent after digestion, water absorbent and cold in potency

· · ·

[ Sutra 57 1/2 ]

ईषदुष्णगुरुस्निग्धा बृहण वर्‌तकादयः । तित्तिरिस्तेष्वपि वरो मेधाग्निबलशुक्रकृत्‌ । ग्राहि वण्यो अनिलोद्रिक्तसन्निपातहरः परम्‌ ।

-- Translation -- The flesh of the vartaka (button quail) and others are slightly hot in potency, hard to digest, unctuous and make the body stout. Tittiri (sparrow) is still better, makes for increase of intelligence, power of digestion, strength and semen, with-holds discharges of fluids from the body, improves the skin complexion, effectively mitigates sannipata with increase of vata.

· · ·

[ Sutra 58 ]

नातिपथ्यः शिखी पथ्यः श्रोत्रस्तववयोद्र्शाम्‌ ।

-- Translation -- The flesh of shikhi (peacock) is not very good generally but good for the ears (hearing), voice, ageing (to slow down ageing), and eyes (vision)

· · ·

[ Sutra 59 1/2 ]

तद्वच्च कुक्कुटो वृष्यः ग्राम्यस्तु श्लेष्मलो गुरु । मेधोऽनिलकरः हृद्याग्नेः क्रकरः सोपचक्रकः । गुरु सलवणः काणकपोतः सर्वदोषकृत ।

-- Translation -- Flesh of cock (wild fowl), is similar (to that of peacock), and is aphrodisiac; that of the domesticated fowl increase kapha and is hard to digest; flesh of krakara (black partridge) increases intelligence and digestion, is good for the heart (or the mind); similar is the flesh of upachakraka; that of kana kapota is hard to digest, slightly salty and increases all the doshas.

· · ·

[ Sutra 60 ]

चटकः श्लेष्मलः स्निग्धा वातघ्नः शुक्रलः परम्‌ ।

-- Translation -- Meat of cataka increases kapha, is unctuous, mitigates vata and best to increase semen.

· · ·

गुरुः ष्णस्निग्धमधुरा वर्गेऽश्चातो यथोत्तरम्‌ । मूत्‍रशुक्रकृतौ व्ल्यौ वातघ्नौ कफपित्तलौ ।

· · ·

-- Translation -- Flesh of animals of the next succeeding group (bilesaya), are hard to digest, hot in potency, unctuous and sweet, increases urine and semen, strengthening, mitigates vata and increases kapha and pitta. 61.

· · ·

शीता महामृगास्तेषु क्रव्यादप्रसहा: पुन:

-- Translation -- Flesh of the mahamrigas (big animals) is cold in potency generally; of them the flesh of carnivorous and prasaha animals have salt as secondary taste, pungent the end of digestion, increases the muscles of body, ideally suited for persons suffering from long standing haemorrhoids, duodenal diseases and consumption 62-62 ½

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aja (goat's meat)

· · ·

[ Sutra 63 ]

नातिशीत गुरुस्तिग्धं मांसम् आजं अदोषलम् । शरीरधातुसामान्यात् अनभिष्यन्दि बृंहणम् ॥६३॥

-- Translation -- Goat meat is not very cold in potency, hard to digest, fatty, does not aggravate the doshas, being identical with the doshas of the human body, it is anabhisyaṇḍi (does not cause increases of secretions in the tissue channels). It is nourishing, causes weight gain. 63.

· · ·

[ Sutra 64 ]

विपरीतमतो ऽवेयमाविकं बृंहणं तु तत्

-- Translation -- Avi (meat of sheep) is opposite in nature with that of goat and causes weight gain. 64

· · ·

[ Sutra 65 ]

शुष्ककासश्रमात्यग्नि विषमज्वरपीनसान्

-- Translation -- Gomamsa (flesh of cow, bull, bullock) cures dry cough, exhaustion, excess hunger, intermittent fevers, chronic nasal catarrh, emaciation, and diseases caused by increase of vata independently. 65.

· · ·

उष्णो गरीरान्महिष: स्वप्नदर्दीबृंहत्कृत्

-- Translation -- Flesh of mahisa (buffalo) is hot, not easily digestible, produces sleep, strength and stoutness of the body.

· · ·

[ Sutra 66 ]

तद्वद्वराह: श्रमहा रुचिशुक्रबलप्रद:

-- Translation -- Flesh of varaha (pig) is similar to that of the buffalo, relieves fatigue, increases taste, semen and strength 66

· · ·

मत्स्या: परं कफकरा:चिलिचीमस्त्रिदोषकृत्

-- Translation -- Fish is general tends to increase kapha greatly chilichima fish tends to increase all the three dosas.

· · ·

लावारोहितगोधैरणः स्वे स्वे वर्णे वराः परम्

-- Translation -- Lava, rohita, godha and ena-are best in their respective groups. 67

· · ·

[ Sutra ६८ ]

मांसं सद्योहतं शुद्धं वयःस्थं च भजेत् त्यजेत् । मृतं कृशं भूषण् मेद्यं व्याधिवैरिष्यैहतमत् ॥६८॥

-- Translation -- Meat of animals which have been just killed, which are pure (uncontaminated) and of adult animals only should be used for food; Meat of dead animals, of those which very emaciated, which are very fatty, and of those animals which are dead due to diseases, water (drowning) and poison should be rejected. 68

· · ·

पुंस्रियोः पूर्वपश्चार्धे गुरुणी, गम्भिणी गुरु: लघुर्योषिच्चतुष्पात्सु, विहङ्गेषु पुनः पुमान् शिरः स्कन्धोरुपृष्ठस्थस्य कट्या: सक्थ्नोश्च गौरवम् तथा आमपक्वाशययोर्यथापूर्वं विनिर्दिशेत् शोणोतप्रभृतीनां च धातूनामुत्तरोत्तरम् मांसाद्गरीयो वृषणमेद्वृक्ककद्गुदम् इति मांसवर्गः

-- Translation -- Meat obtained from the parts above the umbilicus of male animals and from the parts below the umbilicus of female animals, that obtained from the pregnant animal are all hard to digest. Among the quadrupeds, the flesh of females is easily digestible but among the birds it is of the males. Flesh obtained from the head, neck, thighs, back, waist , forelegs, stomach and intestines are hard to digest in the reverse order of enumeration. The tissues of the animals such as blood and others are hard to digest in their successive order; testicles, penis, kidneys, liver and rectum are hard to digest than the flesh. 69-71. Thus ends the group of meat.

· · ·

-- Translation -- In ancient India, hunting was very common both for the sake of food and as pastime. Among the hunted animals and birds belonging to different kinds and nature some were found suitable as food but some were not. It is difficult to correctly identify some of the animals, birds and fishes named herein, some of them might have become extinct even.

· · ·

अथ शाकवर्गः

· · ·

शाकं पाठाशठीसूषासुनिषण्णणसतीनजं त्रिदोषघ्नं लघु ग्राहि सराजक्षवास्तुकं सुनिषण्णोऽग्निकृत् वृष्यस्तेषु राजक्षवः परं ग्रहण्यशोऽविकारघ्नः वर्चोऽभिदि तु वास्तुकं

-- Translation -- Patha (Cissampelos pareira), shati (Hedychium spicatum), susha, sunishanna, satinaja in general, mitigate all the three doshas, are easily digestible and grahi (absorbent); Sunishanna increases hunger and is aphrodisiac; Rajakshava is still better and cures duodenal diseases, haemorrhoids; vastuka breaks up the hard faeces. 72-73

· · ·

[ Sutra 74 ]

हन्ति दोषत्रयं कुष्ठ वृष्या सोषणा रसायनी काकमाची सरा स्वर्या चाङ्गीर्ग्यम्ला अग्नदीपनो ग्रहण्यशोऽनिलश्लेष्महितोषणा ग्राहिणी लघु

-- Translation -- Kakamachi (Solanum nigrum) mitigates the three doshas, useful in skin diseases, is aphrodisiac, hot in potency, rejuvenator, causes easy movement of faeces, and is good for voice. Changeri (Oxalis corniculata) is sour taste, kindles digestion, good for duodenal diseases, haemorrhoids and for increased vata and kapha; hot in potency, withholds elimination of fluids and is easily digestible.

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[ Sutra 75-78 ]

पटोलसप्तलारिष्टशाईगेष्टावल्गुजा अमृता वेत्राग्रबृहत् वासाकुतिोतीलतर्पणिका मण्डूकपर्णीकोर्कोटकारवेल्लकर्पटा नाडीकलायगोजिह्वावार्ताकं वनतिक्तकम् करीरं कुलकं नन्दी कुचैला शुक्लादनी कटिल्लं केम्बुकं शीतं सकोषातककर्कशेम् तिक्तं पाके कटु ग्राहि वातलं कफपित्तजित्

-- Translation -- Patola, saptala, arista (neem leaves), sharngeshta (angaravalli/bharangi), Avalguja (Bakuchi), amruta (Tinospora), Vetra (shoot of vetra), Brhati (Solanum indicum), vasa (Adhatoda vasica), kutill, tilaparnika (badraka), mandukaparni (Gotu kola), Karkota, karavella (bitter gourd). Parpata, nadikalaya, gojihwa (godhumi); vartaka (brhati), vanatiktaka (vatsaka/kutaja), karira, kulaka (kupila), nandi (jaya),kucaila, sakuladani (mesasrngi), katilla (raktapunarnava), kebuka (kembuka),kosataka, and karkkasa (kampilla) all these are cold in potency, bitter in taste, pungent at the end of digestion, with hold the movement of fluids, increase vatta and mitigate kapha and pitta.

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हृद्यं पटोलं कृमिनुत् सर्वादुपाकं रुचिप्रदम् ।

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-- Translation -- Patola is good for the heart (or the mind), useful in worms, sweet at the end of digestion and gives taste.

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पित्त्तलं दीपनं भेदि वातघ्नं बृंहतीदृयम्

-- Translation -- The two Brihatis (Brihati and Kantakari) increases pitta, promote hunger, breaks the hard faeces.

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वृषं तु वमिका सघ्नं रक्तपित्त्तहरं परम्

-- Translation -- Vrusha (Vasa) cures vomiting, cough and especially so the haemorragic disease.

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कारवेल्लं सकटुकं दीपनं कफजित्परम्

-- Translation -- Karavella (bitter gourd) is bitter in taste, kindles digestion and mitigates kapha and pitta especially.

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-- Translation -- Brinjal benefits:

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[ Sutra ८१ ]

वार्ताकं कटु तिक्तोष्णं मध्युरं कफवातजित् । सकक्षारं अग्निजननं हृदयं रुच्यं अपित्त्तलम् ॥८१॥

-- Translation -- Brinjal is pungent, bitter, hot in potency, sweet, mitigates kapha and vata, is slightly alkaline, kindles digestion improves taste and does not aggravate pitta 81

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करीरमाधानकरं कषायं स्वादु तिक्तकम्

-- Translation -- Karira produces distention of the abdomen, is astringent, sweet and bitter in taste,

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[ Sutra ८२ ]

कोशाताकवल्गुजकौभेदिनावगिनदीपनौ

-- Translation -- Kosataki and avalguja break the hard faeces and kindle digestion. 82

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[ Sutra ८३ ]

तण्डुलीयो हिमो रूक्ष: स्वादुपाकरसो लघु: । मदापत्त्तौ विषासघ्न: मुजञ्जात वातपित्त्जित् । स्निग्धं शीतं गुरु स्वादु बृहणं शुक्रकृत्परम् ॥

-- Translation -- Tanduliya is cold in potency, dry, sweet in taste and also at the end of digestion and easily digestible, cures intoxication, pitta, poison and discovers of bold; Munjata mitigates vata and pitta, is unctuous, cold in potency, hard to digest, sweet, makes the body stout and increases semen. 83

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गुर्वी सारा तु पालड्क्या मदघ्नी चाप्युपोदका । पालड्क्यावत्स्मृतश्चऽच्य: स तु सद्ग्रहणात्क:

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-- Translation -- Palankya is hard to digest, and laxative.

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-- Translation -- Upodika (spinach) relieves intoxication; chanchu is similar to palankya and withholds elimination of fluids. 84

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विदारी वातपित्तघ्नी मूलला स्वादुशीतला जीवनी बृहणी कण्ठ्या गुर्वी वृष्या रसायनम् चक्षुष्या सर्वदोषघ्नी जीवन्ती मधुरा हिमा

-- Translation -- Vidari mitigates vata and pitta, is diuretic, sweet in taste, and cold in potency, prolongs life (by giving strength), makes the body stout, good for the throat, hard to digest, aphrodisiac and rejuvenator.

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-- Translation -- Jivanti is good for the eyes, mitigates all the dosas, is sweet in taste and cold in potency. 85-86

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कुष्माण्डतुम्बकालिङ्गकर्ककर्कार्वर्वीतिण्डिशम् तथा त्रपुसचीनाकचिर्भेट् कफवातकृत् भेदी विष्टम्भ्यभिष्यन्दि स्वादुपाकरस गुरु

-- Translation -- Kusmanda (ash gourd), Tumba (alabu), Kalinga, karkaru, evaru, tindisa, traupsa, cinaka, cirbhata—all cause increase of kapha and vata, breaks the hard faeces, stays long without digestion inside the stomach, causes more secretion in the tissues, sweet in taste and at the end of digestion and not easily digestible. 87

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-- Translation -- Ash Gourd Benefits

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[ Sutra 88 ]

वल्लीफलानां प्रवरं कुष्माण्डं वातपित्तजित् | बस्तिशुद्धिकरं वृष्यं त्रपुसं त्वचिमूत्रलम् ||८८||

-- Translation -- Ash gourd is best among the creepers, mitigates vata and pitta cleanses the urinary bladder, and aphrodisiac. Trapusa causes more urination (diuretic).

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तुम्बं रूक्षतरं ग्राहि कालिङ्गेरवरचिर्भटम् बालं पित्तहरं शीतं विद्रयातपक्वमतो अन्यथा शीतवृन्तं तु सक्क्षारं पित्तलं कफवातजित् रोचनं दीपनं हृद्यं मष्ठीला आ नाह नुल्लघु

-- Translation -- Tumba (alabu) is very dry (causes dryness), absorbent; kalinga, ervaru and cirbhita when tender mitigate pitta and are cold in potency, but when ripe are opposite in qualities, these which are overripe and separated from its attachment, will be alkaline in taste, increase pitta, mitigate kapha, and vata, improves taste and appetite, good for the heart, cures enlargement of the prostate, distention of abdomen and easily digestible. 89-90

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मृणालबिसशालूककुमुदोत्पलकन्दुकम् नन्दीमाषकेळूटशृङ्गाटककसेरुकम् क्रौञ्जादनं कलोदयं च रुक्षं ग्राहि हिमं गुरु

-- Translation -- Mrinala (lotus stalk), bias (lotus root), saluki (lotus tuber), kumuda (utpala kanda), nandi, mashaka, keluta, srngataka, kaseruka, kranucadana and kalodya are dry (cause dryness). Water absorbent, cold in potency and hot easily digestible. 91-92

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कलम्बनालिकामार्षकुटिञ्जरकुतुम्बकम् चिल्लीलटुकालोणीकाकुरुटकवेष्टुकम् जीवन्तीजृम्भवेदकजयवशाकसुरवचला: आलुकानि च सर्वाणि तथैव सूच्यते लक्षणम् स्वादु रुक्षं सलवणं वातश्लेष्मकरं गुरु शीतलं सृष्टविण्मूत्रं प्रायो विषटभ्य जीर्यति स्विन्नं निष्पीडितरस स्नेहाद्यैर्नातिदोषलम्

-- Translation -- Kalamba, Nalika – (kapotacarana), marsa, kutinjara, kutumbaka, cilli (vastuka), latvaka, lonika, karutaka, gavedhuka, jivanta, jhun jhu, edagaja, yavasaka (yavanisaka), suvarchala and aluka of different kinds, leaves of legumes used for soup and of laksmana are all sweet, slightly dry, salty, increases vata and kapha, not easily digestible cold in potency, help elimination of urine and faeces, stay long in the stomach for digestion; if cooked in steam, juice taken out and mixed with oils, they will not cause much aggravation of the dosas 93-95

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लघु पत्त्र तु या चिल्लीसा वास्तुकसमा मता

-- Translation -- Cilli, which has small leaves is similar (in property) with vastuka. 96

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तर्कारीवरुणं स्वादु सतिक्तं कफवातजित् वर्षाभ्वौ कालशाकं च सक्षारं कुट्टिकतकम् दीपनं भेदनं हन्ति गरशोफकफानिलान्

-- Translation -- Tarkari and varuna are sweet and slightly better and mitigate kapha and vata. The two kinds of varsabhu and kalasaka are slightly alkaline, pungent and bitter, improve digestion, break the hard faeces and cure artificial poisoning, dropsy, kapha and vata. 97

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दीपनः कफवातघ्नाश्चिरविल्वाडकुरा: सराः: शतावरीडकुरस्तिक्ता वृष्या दोषत्र्यापहाः:

-- Translation -- The tender sprouts of cirabilva increase appetite, mitigate kapha and vata and cause movement of bowels; sprouts of satavari are bitter, aphrodisiac and mitigate the three dosas 98.

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रुक्शो वंशकरीरस्तु विदाही वातपित्तलः:

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-- Translation -- Vamsakarira (tender shoots of bamboo) causes dryness inside, heartburn and increase of vata and pitta. 99

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पत्तूरो दीपनस्तिक्तः प्लीहार्शः कफवातजित्

-- Translation -- Pattura kindles digestion, is bitter, cures enlargement of spleen, haemorrhoids and mitigates kapha and vata. 99 ½

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कृमिकाासमर्दोऽप्क्लेदान् कौसमर्दो जयत्सरः

-- Translation -- Kasamarda cures disease caused by worms, cough and increase of kapha and moves the bowels.

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रूक्षोष्णमम्लं कौषुम्भं गुरु पित्तकरं सरम्

-- Translation -- Kousumbha is dry, hot in potency, sour, hard to digest increase pitta and makes the bowels to move.

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गुरुषणं सार्षपं बद्धविषण्मूत्रं सर्वदोषकृत्

-- Translation -- Sarsapa (mustard) is not easily digestible, hot in potency, binds the faeces and urine and causes increase of all the dosas.

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-- Translation -- Mulaka (radish), when tender and not having definite taste, is slightly alkaline and better, mitigates the dosas, easily digestible hot in potency, and cures abdominal tumours, cough, asthma, ulcers, disease of he eye and throat, horseness of voice, asthma, upward movement inside the abdomen (reverse peristalsis) and chronic nasal catarrh. 102-103.

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-- Translation -- Radish benefits:

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यद्बालं अव्यक्तरसंकिंजित क्षारं सतिक्तकम् तन्मूलकं दोषहरं लघुोष्णं नियच्छति गुल्मकासक्षयश्वासव्रणनेत्रगुलामयान् स्वरोग्निसादोदावर्तपीडांसंशच

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महत्पनः रसे पाके च कटुकमुष्णवीर्यं त्रिदोषकृत् गुरूभिष्यन्दि च स्लिग्धसिद्धिं तदपि वातजित् वातश्लेष्महरं शुष्कं सर्वम् आमं तु दोषलम्

-- Translation -- Radish that is tender, and not having definite tatste, is slightly alkaline and bitter, balances Doshas, easy to digest, hot in potency and cures abdominal tumors, cough, respiratory conditions, ulcers, diseases of eye and throat, hoarseness of voice, bloating, and rhinitis. Radish, big in size is hard to digest, pungent in taste and at the end of digestion, not in potency, increases all the three doshas, hard to digest and is abhishynadi (indigestion plus sticky to the gut). When cooked with fats it mitigates vata; the dried one causes increase of the dosha. 104.

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[ Sutra 105 ]

कटूष्णो वातकफहा पिण्डालुः पित्तवर्धनः

-- Translation -- Pindalu is pungent, hot in potency, mitigates vata and kapha but increase pitta.

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[ Sutra 106-107 ]

कुठरशिग्रुसुरससुमुखासुरिभूस्तृणं फणिज्जकजम्बीरप्रभृति ग्राहि शाल्यनं विदाहि कटु रुक्षोष्णं हृदयं दीपनरोचनम् एकशुक्रकृमिहृत् लाघवं दोषात्क्लेशकरं लघु

-- Translation -- Kuthera, sigru (drum stick), surasa, sumuka, asuri, bhutrna, phanijjia, arajaka, jambira, etc. when green are water absorbent, cause burning sensation during digestion, pungent, cause dryness, hot in potency, good for the heart (or the mind), kindles hunger and taste, destroy vision, semen and worms (intestinal parasites), penetrates deep, cause slight increase of the dosas and are easily digestible

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[ Sutra 108 ]

हिध्मा कास विष श्वास पाशर्वरूक पूतिगन्धहा । सुरसः सुमुखो नातिविदाही गरशोफहा ॥१०८॥

-- Translation -- Surasa (Tulasi - Holy Basil) cures hiccup, cough, poison, asthma, pain in the flanks and bad breath. Sumukha does not cause much burning sensation, cures artifial (homicidal) poison and dropsy. 107

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आर्द्रिका तिक्तमधुरा मूतला न च पित्तकृत्

-- Translation -- Ardrika (coriander) is bitter and sweet in taste, diuretic and does not increase pitta.

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[ Sutra 109 ]

लशुनो भृशतीक्ष्णोष्णः कटुपाकरसः सरः

-- Translation -- Lashuna (garlic) is highly penetrating (deep into the tissues), hot in potency, pungent in taste,

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[ Sutra 110 ]

हृद्यः केश्यो गुरुवृष्यः स्त्रिग्धो रोचनदीपनः । भग्नासनन्धानकृद्बल्यो रक्तपित्तप्रदूषणः

-- Translation -- and at the end of digestion, makes the bowles to move, good for the heart (or the mind), and hairs; hard to digest, aphrodisiac, unctuous, improves taste and digestion, helps union of features, gives strength, greatly vitiates the blood and pitta,

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[ Sutra 111 ]

किलासकुष्ठगुल्मार्शःमेहकृमिकफानिलान् । सहिह्मापीनसश्वासकासान् हन्ति रसायनम्

-- Translation -- cures leucoderma, skin diseases, abdominal tumors, piles, urinary diseases, worms, kapha and vata; cures stiffness, obesity, rhinitis, asthma and cough, is rejuvenating.

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-- Translation -- tumours, heamorrhoids, diabetes, worms, diseases caused by kapha and vata, hiccup, chronic nasal catarrh , asthma and cough. It is a rejuvenator of the body.109-111

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श्लेष्मलो नातिपित्तलः

-- Translation -- Palandu (onion) is inferior in the above qualities, increases of pitta. 111 ½

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कफवातार्शसां पथ्यः स्वेदेऽभ्यवहतौ तथा

-- Translation -- Grinjanaka (carrot) is best suitable to persons suffering from haemorrhoids of kapha Vata

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तीक्ष्णो गुरुजनकौ ग्राही पित्तनां हितकृन्न सः

-- Translation -- origin, for fomenting (the pile masses) and eating; it is penetrating, water absorbent and not suitable to those who have pitta predominance. 112

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सूरणो रुचयः कफघ्नो विशदो लघुः विशेषादर्शसां पथ्यः भूक्नदस्त्वतिदोषलः

-- Translation -- Surana (Yam) kindles digestion, improves taste, mitigates kapha is non-unctous, easily digestible and especially good for haemorrhoids; bhukanda causes increase of all the dosas to a great extent .113

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पत्ने पुष्पे फले नाले कन्दे च गुरुता क्रमात्

-- Translation -- Leaves, flowers, fruits (unripe), tubular leaves and tubers are heavy (not easily digestible

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बस्ति शाकेषु जीवंती सार्षपं त्ववरं परम्

-- Translation -- in their successive order; jivanti is the best and sarshapa (mustard) is the worst among the leafy vegetables. 114.

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-- Translation -- Thus ends the group of vegetables.

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-- Translation -- Notes:- different kinds of vegetables have been described in these verses, some of them are recognizable now while some others are not, some of them were in use in olden days but not so now-a-days, many are available only in forests and fields while some others are cultivated.

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-- Translation -- Grapes benefits:

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[ Sutra ११५ ]

द्राक्षा फलोत्तमा वृष्या चक्षुष्या सृष्टमूत्रविट्

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[ Sutra ११५ ]

स्वादुपाकरसा स्निग्धा सकषाया हिमा गुरु:

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[ Sutra ११६ ]

निहन्यादनिलपित्तास्तिक्तकषायत्वमदात्ययान् ।

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[ Sutra ११६ ]

तृष्णाकासश्रमश्वासस्वरभेदक्षतक्षयान्

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[ Sutra ११७ ]

उद्रिक्तपित्ताज्जयति त्रिदोषाणां स्वादु दाडिमम्

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[ Sutra ११८ ]

पित्ताविरोधि नात्युष्णमम्लं वातकफापहम्

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[ Sutra ११८ ]

सर्व हृदयं लघु स्निग्धं ग्राहि रोचन दीपनम्

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[ Sutra ११९ ]

मोचखर्जूरपनसारिकेलपरुषकम्

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[ Sutra १२० ]

आम्राततालकाश्मर्यराजादनमधूकजम्

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[ Sutra १२० ]

सौवैरबदराइकोलफल्गुश्लेष्मातकोदुम्बवम्

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[ Sutra १२१ ]

वातामाभिषेकाक्षोडमकलकोनिकोचकम्

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[ Sutra १२१ ]

उरुमाणं प्रियालं च बृहणं गुरु शीतलम्

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[ Sutra १२१ ]

दाहक्षतक्षयहरणं रक्तपित्तप्रसादनम्

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[ Sutra १२१ ]

स्वादुपाकरस् स्निग्धं विष्टम्भि कफशुक्रकृत्

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[ Sutra 122 ]

फलं तु पित्तलं तालं सरं काश्मर्यजं हिमम्‌ शकृन्मूत्रविबन्धघ्नं केश्यं मेध्यं रसायनम्‌

-- Translation -- Fruit of Tala - Borassus flabellifera increases pitta, moves the bowels. Fruits of kasmarya is cold in potency, relives the obstruction of faeces and urine, good for the hairs, increases intelligence and is a rejuvenator.

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[ Sutra 123 ]

वातामादयुष्णवीर्यं तु

कफपित्तकरं सरम्‌

-- Translation -- Vaataama etc. are hot in potency increase kapha and pitta, are axative.

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परमं वातहरं स्‍निग्धमनुष्णं तु प्रियालजम्‌ प्रियालमज्जा मधुरो वृष्यः पित्तानिलापहः

-- Translation -- Priyala (Buchanania lanzan) mitigates vata effectively, is unctous, cold in potency; its marrow is sweet, aphrodisiac, mitigates pitta and vata,

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[ Sutra 124 ]

कोलमज्जा गुणैस्तद्वत्तृट्छर्दि: कासजिच्छ सः

-- Translation -- Kola majja (fleshy part of the kola) is similar (in properties with priyala majja ) relieves thirst, vomiting and cough.

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[ Sutra 125 ]

पक्वं सुदुर्जरं विल्वं दोषलं पूतिमारुतम्‌ दीपनं कफवातघ्नं बालं ग्राहयुं च तत्‌

-- Translation -- Bilva phala (bael fruit) when ripe is hard to digest, aggravates the doshas and causes flatus; unripe fruit kindles digestion, mitigates vata and kapha; both are water absorbant.

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[ Sutra 126 ]

कपित्थमामं कण्ठघ्नं दोषलं, दोषघाति तु पक्वं हिध्मामवथुजित्‌, सर्वग्राही विषापहम्‌

-- Translation -- Amakapittha (unripe Kapittha) is bad to the throat, and increases the three doshas. Ripe fruit mitigates the dosas, relives hiccup ad vomiting, both are water absorbant and antipoisonus .

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[ Sutra 127 ]

जाम्भवं गुरु विष्टम्भि शीतलं भृशवातलम्‌ सङ्‌ग्राहि मूत्रशकृत्कण्ठ्यं कफपित्तजित‌

-- Translation -- Jambava (Jamun fruit) is not easily digestible, stays long inside the stomach, cold in potency, causes aggravation of vata especially, absorbs moisture from urine and faeces, bad for throat and mitigates kapha and pitta

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वातपित्तासृकृद्बालं, बद्धास्थिकफपित्तकृत‌ गुरूषं वातजित्पकं स्वादु वम्लं कफशुकृकृत‌

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[ Sutra 128 ]

-- Translation -- Bala amra (tender unripe mango) increases Vata, Rakta (blood) and pitta; when its seed is fully formed, it increases Kapha and Pitta; when it is ripe it is not easily digestible, mitigates vata, increases kapha and semen. 128

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[ Sutra 129 ]

वृक्षाम्लं ग्राहि रुक्कोष्णं वातश्लेष्महरं लघु

-- Translation -- Vrksamla (Garcinia fruits) is absorbent, dry, hot in potency, mitigates vata and kapha and easily digestible 129.

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शम्या गुरुषणं केशघ्नं रूक्षं

-- Translation -- Samya (fruit of sami) is not easily digestible, hot in potency, destroys the hairs and causes dryness.

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[ Sutra 130 ]

पीलु तु पित्तलम् कफवातहरं भेदी प्लीहार्शः कृमिगुल्मनुत् सतिक्तं स्वादु यत्पीलु नात्युणष्णं तत्रिदोषजित्

-- Translation -- Pilu increases pitta, mitigates kapha and vata, is purgative, cures diseases of the spleen, haemorrhoids, worms, abdominal tumors; that variety of pilu which has bitter- sweet taste is not very hot in potency and mitigates all three dosas 130

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[ Sutra 131-133 ]

त्वक्‌तिक्तकटुका स्निग्धा मातुलुङ्गस्य वातजित् बृंहणं मधुरं मांसं वातपित्तहरं गुरु लघु तत्केसरं कासश्वासहिध्मामदात्ययान् आस्यशोषणिलश्लेष्मविन्धचछर्द्यरुचिकान् गुल्मोदरार्शः शूलानि मन्‍दाग्नितवं च नाशयेत्

-- Translation -- The skin of matulunga (bigger variety of lemon) fruit is better, pungent and unctous, mitigates vata; its fleshy part makes the body stout, is sweet in taste, mitigates vata and pitta and not easily digestible its tendril is easily digestible cures cough, asthma, hiccup, alchoholic intoxication dryness of the mouth, disorders of vata and kapha, constipation, vomiting, loss of taste, abdominal tumor, enlargement of the abdomen, haemorrhoids, colic and dyspepsia 131-133

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[ Sutra 134 ]

भल्लातकस्य त्वङ्मांसंबृंहणं स्वादु शीतलम् तदस्थ्यग्निसमं मेध्यं कफवातहरं परम्

-- Translation -- Bhallataka (marking nut) The outer rind and fleshy part of bhallataka fruit makes the body stout, sweet in taste, cold in potency; its seed is just like fire in properties, increases intelligence and effectively mitigates kapha and vata. 134

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स्वाद्वम्लं शीतमुष्णं च द्विविधा पालेऽवतं गुरु रुच्यमत्नग्नि शमनम्

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[ Sutra 134 ½ ]

-- Translation -- Palevata fruit of sweet taste is cold in potency, while that of sour taste is hot, both are hard to digest, improve taste and cure diseases due to excess digestive activity.

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[ Sutra 135 ]

रुच्यं मधुरमारुकम् पक्वमाशु जरां याति नात्युण्णगुरदोषलम्

-- Translation -- Aruka fruit improve taste and is sweet; ripe under goes digestion quickly, not very hot in potency, sometimes hard to digest and increases the dosas 135.

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[ Sutra 136 ]

द्राक्षापरुषकं चाद्यमम्लं पित्तकफप्रदम् गुरुष्णवीर्यं वातघ्नं शरं सकरमर्दकम्

-- Translation -- Draksa (grapes) and parusaka and karamardaka, in their green state are sour, increase pitta and kapha, hard to digest, hot in potency, mitigate vata and laxative. 136

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[ Sutra 137-138 ]

तथा अम्लं कोलकर्कन्धुलकुचाम्रातकारुकम् ऐरावतं दन्तशठं सतून्दं मृगलिपीडकम् नातिपित्तकरं पक्वं शुष्कं च करमर्दकम्

-- Translation -- Kola, karkandhu, lakuca, amrataka, aruka, airavata, dantasatha, satuda, mrigalindika- all are sour and do not aggravate pitta greatly; so also, karamardaka fruit ripended and dried does not cause great increase of pitta 9causes mild increase). 137-138

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[ Sutra 139 ]

दीपनं भेदनं शुष्कमम्लीकाकोलयो: फलम् तृष्णाश्रमकलमच्छेति लघिविष्टं कफवातयो:

-- Translation -- Fruits of amlika and kola improve digestion, cause purgation, cures thirst, fatigue, exhaustion; are easily digestible and mitigates kapha and vata. 139

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फलानामवरं तत्र लकुचं सर्वदोषकृत् इति फलवर्ग:

-- Translation -- Lakucaphala is least among all the fruits and increases all the above the dosas. Thus ends the group of fruits.

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हिमानिलोणदुर्वाताव्यालालादिदूषितम् जन्तुजुष्टं जले मग्नमभूमिजमनार्तवम् अन्यधान्ययुक्तं हीनवीर्यं जीर्णतया अति च धान्यं त्यजेत्‌ तथा शाकं रूक्‍षसिद्धमकोमलम् असिद्धजातरसं तद्वचछुष्कं चान्त्र मूलकात्‌ प्रायेण फलमप्येवं तथा आमं बिल्ववर्जितम्‌

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[ Sutra १४३ ]

विष्यन्दि लवणं सर्वं सूक्ष्मं सुष्टुमलं मृदु

-- Translation -- वातघ्नं पाकी तीक्ष्णोष्णं रोचनं कफपित्तकृत्‌

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[ Sutra १४४ ]

सैन्धवं तत्‌ सस्वादु वृष्यं हृदयं त्रिदोषनुत्‌

-- Translation -- लघ्वनुष्णं द्श: पथ्यमविदाहि अग्नदीपनम्‌

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[ Sutra 145 ]

लघु सौवर्चलं हृदयं सुगन्ध्यु दीपनीय रसप्रदम् | कटुपाकं विबन्धघ्नं दीपनोय रुचिप्रदम् ||

-- Translation -- Sauvarcala(sochal salt) is easily digestible good for the heart (or mind) , possesses good smell, purifies belching, pungent at the end of digestion , relives constipation, kindles digestion and gives taste. 145

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[ Sutra 146 ]

ऊर्ध्वाधः कफवातानुलोमनं दीपनं बिडम् | विबन्धानाहविष्टम्भशूलगौरव नाशनम् ||

-- Translation -- Bida salt produces both upward and downward movement of kapha and vata, kindles digestion, cures constipation, flatulence, obstruction, of flatus, colic and heaviness (of the abdomen). 146

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[ Sutra 147 ]

विपाके स्वादु सामुद्रं गुरु श्लेष्म विरधनम् |

-- Translation -- Samudra (common salt) is sweet at the end of digestion, not easily digestible and aggravates kapha.147.

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सतिक्तकटुकक्षारं तीक्ष्णमुत्केदि चौद्रिदम् |

-- Translation -- Aubdhida is slightly bitter, pungent and alkaline in taste, penetrates deep and increases the secretions.

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[ Sutra 148 ]

कृष्णे सौवर्चलगुणा लवणे गन्धवर्जिता: |

-- Translation -- Krisna lavana (black salt) has properties similar to souvarcala except the smell. 148

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रोमकं लघु |

-- Translation -- Romaka is easily digestible;

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पांसूत्थं सक्क्षारं श्लेष्मलं गुरु |

-- Translation -- Pamsuttha is slightly alkaline, aggravates kapha and not easilt digestible.

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लवणानां प्रयोगे तु सैन्धवादि प्रयोजयेत् |

-- Translation -- Whenever lavas (salt) are to be used (for medicinal recipes) they should be prepared commencing with saindhava.

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गुल्मग्रहग्रहणोपड्रुप्लीहानाहगलामयान् | श्वासार्श: कफकासांशच शमयेदौवशूकजा: ||

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-- Translation -- Yavakshara - (Kshara prepared from barley) mitigates abdominal tumors, diseases of the heart, duodenal disease, anaemia, splenic disorders, distension of the abdomen, diseases of the throat, asthma, haemorrhoids and cough arising from kapha.

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-- Translation -- 150

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-- Translation -- Kshara -

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[ Sutra 151 ]

क्षारः सर्वशच परमं तीक्ष्णोष्णः कृमिजिल्लघु: । पित्तासृग्दूषणः पाकी छेदय हृदयो विदारणः ॥१५१॥ अपथ्यः कटुतीव्राणां शुक्रोजःकेशक्षुषाम् ।

-- Translation -- All ksharas are very Teekshna - penetrating ; ushna - very hot in potency, krumijit - destroy worms Laghu - easily digestible Pitta Asruk dushana - vitiate pitta and blood Paki - helps in digestion, causes healing of wounds Chedya - help break up hard masses, ahrudya not good for the heart, punctures the tissues; being pungent and salty in taste are not good to semen, ojas (essence of the tissues ), hairs and eye (vision)

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-- Translation -- 151

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[ Sutra 152 ]

हिङ्गु वातकफानाह शूलघ्नं पित्त कोपनम्॥१५२॥ कटुपाकरस रुच्यं दीपनं पाचनं लघु ।

-- Translation -- Hingu (asa foetida) mitigates vata, kapha, cues distension of the abdomen and colic, aggravates pitta, pungent in taste and at the end of digestion, enhances taste, hunger, digestion and is easily digestible.

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-- Translation -- 152.

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-- Translation -- Haritaki -

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[ Sutra 153 ]

कषाया मधुरा पाके रुक्शा विलवणा लघुः १५३ दीपनो पाचनो मेध्यो वयः: स्थापनी परम

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[ Sutra 154 ]

उष्णवीर्यो सरो आयुष्यो बुद्धीन्द्रियबलप्रदा १५४ कुष्ठत्रवणयवैस्वर्यपुराणविषमज्वरान्

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[ Sutra 155 ]

शिरोऽक्षिपीडनुद्रद्रोगकामलाग्रहणीगदान १५५ सशोषशोफातीसारमेदोमोहवमििक्रिमीन्

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[ Sutra 156 ]

श्वासकासप्रसेकाशी: प्लोहानाहगरोदरम १५६

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[ Sutra 157 ]

विनन्धं सोतसां गुल्ममूर्छास्तम्भ्रमरोचकम हरितकी जयेत व्याधीन्स्तांशच कफवातजान १५७

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-- Translation -- Haritaki is astringent, sweet at the end of digestion, dry (causes dryness) devoid of lavana (possesses the remaining five tastes) easily digestable, kindles hunger, helps digestion, improves intelligence, best to maintain youth , hot in potency, laxative, bestows long life, strengthens the mind and the sense organs, cures leprosy (and other skin diseases) discolouration, disorders of voice, chronic intermittent fevers, diseases of the head, and eyes, anaemia, heart disease, jaundice, disease of the duodenum, consumption, dropsy, diarrhoea, obesity, fainting, vomiting, worms (intestinal parasites), dyspnoea, cough, excess salivation, haemorrhoids, disease of the spleen, distention of the abdomen, enlargement of the abdomen, obstruction of channels, abdominal tumors, stiffness of the thing, loss of taste (anorexia0 and many other disease arising from (aggravation of ) kapha and vata. 153-157.

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तद्वदामलकं शीतमम्लं पित्तकफापहम्

-- Translation -- Similarly so is amalaka in all other properties it is cold I potency, and mitigates pitta and kapha.

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कटु पाके हिमं केश्यमक्ष्यमीषच् तद्गुणम्

-- Translation -- Aksha (vibhitaka) is pungent at the end of digestion, cold in potency, good for hairs and possesses properties similar (to haritaki and amalaka) but slightly less (in degree). 158

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-- Translation -- Triphala benefits:

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[ Sutra 159 ]

इयं रसायनवरा त्रिफला अक्ष्यामयापहा ।

-- Translation -- Thus, the Triphala (haritaki, amalaki and vibhitaki), together is a best rejuvenator of the body,

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[ Sutra 159 ]

रोपणी त्वग्दग् क्लेदमेदोमेहकफासृजित् ॥१५९॥

-- Translation -- cures diseases of the eyes, heals wounds and cures skin diseases, excess moisture of the tissues, obesity, diabetes, aggravation of kapha and Asra (blood) 159.

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-- Translation -- Trijata and Chaturjata

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[ Sutra 160 ]

सकेसरं चतुर्जातं त्वक्पत्रेलं त्रिजातकम् ।

-- Translation -- Twak – (Cinnamon), patra (Cinnamon leaf) and Ela – (Cardamom) together are known as Trijataka and these along with kesara from the chaturjata.

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[ Sutra 160 ]

पित्तप्रकोपि तीक्ष्णोष्णं रूक्षं रोचनदीपनम् ॥१६०॥

-- Translation -- They cause aggravation of pitta, are penetrating, hot in potency, cause dryness, improve taste and hunger. 160

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रए पाके च कटुकं कफघ्नं मरीचं लघु ।

-- Translation -- Black pepper is pungent both in taste and at the end of digestion, mitigates kapha and is easily digestable.

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[ Sutra 161 ]

श्लेष्मला स्वीदुशीत आर्द्रा गुर्वी स्निग्धना च पिप्पली ।

-- Translation -- Long pepper, in its green state aggravates kapha, is sweet in taste and cold in potency, not easily digestible and is unctous.

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[ Sutra 162 ]

सा शुष्का विपरीता अतः स्निग्धा वृष्या रसे कटुः ।

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[ Sutra 162 ]

स्वादुपाका अनिलश्लेष्मवासकासापहा सरा ।

-- Translation -- The same, when dry, becomes opposite - aphrodisiac, pungent in taste, sweet at the end of digestion, mitigates Vata and Kapha, useful in asthma, cough; is laxative.

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न तामत्युपयुजीत रसायनविधिं विना ।

-- Translation -- Long pepper should not be used in excess, for long period, without following the regimen of rejuvenation therapy.

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[ Sutra 163 ]

नागरं दीपनं वृष्यं ग्राहि हृदयं विबन्धनुत् ।

-- Translation -- Nagara - (ginger), increases hunger, is aphrodisiac, water absorbent, good for the heart (or the mind), relieves constipation, bestows taste, easily digestible, sweet at the end of digestion, unctuous, hot in potency and mitigates kapha and vata.

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[ Sutra 163 ]

रुच्यं लघु स्वादुपाकं स्निग्धोष्णं कफवातजित् ।

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[ Sutra 164 ]

तद्वद्वार्द्रकमेतच्च त्रयं त्रिकटुकं जयेत् ।

-- Translation -- Similar is ardraka (fresh ginger, green); Trikatu - Pepper, long pepper and ginger - together known as trikatu, useful in obesity, Asthma, dyspepsia, cough, filariasis and chronic nasal catarrh.

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[ Sutra 164 ]

स्थौल्याग्निसदनश्वासकासश्लोथपीनसान् ।

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चविकापिप्पलीमूलं मरीचाल्पान्तरं गुणैः ।

-- Translation -- Chavaika (Piper chaba) and pippalimula (long pepper root) possess qualities and properties similar to Marica (black pepper) but in lesser degree.

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चित्रकोऽग्निसमः पाके शोफार्शः कॄमिकुष्ठहा ।

· · ·

-- Translation -- Chitraka (leadwort) is similar to fire in digesting thing and cures dropsy, haemorrhoids, worms and leprosy (and othe skin diseases).

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पञ्चकोलकमेतच्च मरिचेन विना स्मृतम्‌ गुल्मप्ल्लीहोदरानाहशूलघ्नं दीपनं परम्‌

-- Translation -- The above, excluding marica, (pippali, pippalimula, cavya, citraka and nagara) is known as panchakolaka, It cures abdominal tumors, disease of the sleen, enlargement of the abdomen, distension and colic, and is best to improve hunger and digestion.

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बिल्वकाश्मर्यतर्कारीपाटलाटिङ्गुडुकैर्महत्‌ जयेत्कषायतिक्तोष्णं पञ्चमूलं कफानिलौ

-- Translation -- Bilwa, kasarya, tarari, patala and tintuka are together known as Mahat panchamula. It is astringent and bitter in taste, not in potency and mitigate kapha and anila (vata ) 167

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हस्वं বৃहत्यंशुमतिद्वययोगसुरकै: स्मृतम्‌ स्वादुपाकरस नातिशीतोष्णं सर्वदोषजित्‌

-- Translation -- Brihatidwaya (brihati and kantakari), amsumatidwaya (saliparni and prsrniparni) and goksuraka-together are known as hrasva panchamula (Laghu panchamoola). It is sweet in taste and at the end of digestion, neither very hot nor very cold in potency and mitigates all the dosas. 168.

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बलापुनर्नवैरण्डशूषपर्णीद्वयेन तु मध्यमं कफवातघ्नं नातिपित्तकरं सरम्‌

-- Translation -- Bala, punarnava, eranda, surparpami dvaya (masaparni and mundgaparni) together from the madhyma pancamula. It mitigates kapha and vata, does not greatly aggravate pitta and is laxative. 169.

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-- Translation -- Jivan Pancamula

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अभीरुवीराजीवन्तीजीवकर्षभकै: स्मृतम्‌ जीवनाख्यं तु चक्षुष्यं वृष्यं पित्तानिलापहम्‌

-- Translation -- Abhiru - Asparagus racemosus, viraka, jivanti, jivaka and rsabhaka together from the jivana pancamula. It is good for the eye, aphrodnd mitigates pitta and anila (vata)

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-- Translation -- Trina Mancmula

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तृणाख्यं पित्तजिद्भेकासेकशुशरशालिभि: इत्यौषधवर्ग:

-- Translation -- Trnakhya (trna pancamula) consisting of darbha, kasa, iksu, sara sali, mitigates pitta. 171 Thus, were described, in brief, the substances used daily as food, in groups such as suka, simbi, pakvanna, mamsa, saka, phala and ausadha. 182

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-- Translation -- Thus ends the chapter known as annaswarupa vijnaniya.

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[ Sutra 1 ]

राजा राजगृहासन्ने प्राणाचार्यं निवेशयेत् सर्वदा स भवत्येवं सर्वत्र प्रतिजागृवि:

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[ Sutra 2 ]

अन्नपानं विषद्रक्षेदविशेषणं महीपते: योगक्षेमौ तदायततौ धर्माध्या यन्निबन्धना:

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[ Sutra 3-4 ]

ओदनो विषवान् सान्द्रो यात्यविसाव्यतामिव चिरेण पच्यते पक्वो भवेत्पर्युषितोपम: मयूरकण्ठतुल्योष्मा मोहमूर्च्छोंप्रसेककृत् हीयते वर्णगन्धाद्यै: क्लिद्यते चन्द्रिकाचित:

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[ Sutra 5-6 ]

व्यञ्जनान्याशु शुष्यन्ति श्यामक्वाथानि तत्र च हीन अतिरिकता विकृता छाया दृश्येत नैव वा ? फेनोध्द्वराजी सीमन्त तन्तु बुद्बुद सम्भव: विचिच्छन्नविरसा राग: खण्डवा: शाकमामिषम् ?६

-- Translation -- The side-dishes dry up quick and become dirty reflective images seen in them appear deficient, malformed, abnormal or not seen at all; froth and lines appear on their surface and edges, threads and bubbles are likely to appear. Raga (sweet syrups), Khandava (sweet puddings), vegetables and meat become broken (liquid and solid portions get separated) and acquire bad taste. 5-6.

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नीला राजी रसे, ताम्रा क्षीरे, दधनि दृश्यते श्यावा, आपीतासिता तक्रे, घृते पानीयसन्निभा मस्तुनी स्यात्कपोताभा, राजी कृष्णा तुषोदके काली मध्याम्भसो:, क्षौद्रे हरितैलेऽरुणोपम: पाक: फलानाममानां पक्वानां परिकोथनम् द्रव्यानामादर्शुष्काणां स्यातां मलानिवर्णते मृदूनां कठिनानां च भवेत्सस्पर्शविपर्यय: माल्यस्थं स्पुटतिपत्रं म्लानि च गन्धान्तराधिप: ध्याममण्डलता वस्ने, शदनं तन्तुपक्ष्मणाम् धातुमौक्तिककाष्ठाश्मरत्नादिषु मलाक्तता स्नेहस्पर्शप्रभाहानि:, सप्रभत्वं तु मृण्मये

-- Translation -- Neela Raji Rase - Blue lines appear in meat soup, Tamra ksheere - coppery red lines in milk and Shyava dadhani - black ones in curds Peeta Sita takre - yellowish white lines in buttermilk, Ghrute paaneeya sannibha - watery lines on ghee, Mastuni syat kapotabha - pegion like streaks appear on Mastu - Supernatant liquid of curds (whey), Raji krishna tushodake - blue black lines on Tusodaka (sour drink prepared from barley husk), Kaali madya ambhasoho - black lines on wines and water, Harit taile arunopama - green lines in honey and crimson lines on oils. Unripe fruits ripen (fast) and ripe ones become overripe and decomposed. Substances which are green and dry become dull in appearance and discolored., Soft food substances become hard and vice versa. The flowers of the garland become split at their edges, fade and assume unnatural smell. Dirty patches appear on cloth (dress and other apparels), its threads and hems fall out. Vessels prepared from metals, pearls, wood, stone, precious stones etc. become dirty, and lose their smooth touch and luster. Mud vessels gain smooth touch and luster. 5-11.

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[ Sutra १२ ]

विषदः श्यावशुष्कास्यो विलक्षो वीक्षते दिशः । स्वेदवेपथुमांस्त्रस्तो भीतः स्कलति जृम्भते ॥

-- Translation -- The person who is about to poison someone will have Shyava shushka Asya - dry and discoloured ace Vilaksho Veekshate dishaha - eccentrically looks in all directions Sveda vepathuman - sweating and tremors Trasta - tired, Bheet - frightened Skhalati - slips while talking and walking Jrumbhate - yawns frequently. 12

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प्राप्यन्नं सर्विषं त्वग्निरेकार्तः स्फुटत्यति । शिखीकण्ठाभ धूमाचिरनचिरोऽग्रागन्धवान् ॥

-- Translation -- Upon throwing the poisoned food on fire, it emits crackling sound, the flame emits as a single pile, without whirls, the colour of smoke resembles to that of peacock's neck (glistening blue), sometimes the flame may not come up at all. It will cause emitting of very foul and strong smell.

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म्रियन्ते मक्षिकाः प्राप्य काकः क्षामस्वरो भवेत् । उत्क्रोशन्ति च दृष्ट्वैव तच्छुकदात्यूहसारिकाः ॥ हंसः प्रस्कलति, ग्लानिर्जीवजीवस्य जायते । चकोरस्याक्षिवैराग्यं, क्रौञ्चस्य स्यानन्दोदयः ॥ कपोतपरभृदृक्षचक्रवाका जहत्यसून् । उद्वेगां याति मार्जारः, शकृन्मुचति वानरः ॥ हष्येनम्रूरसतृष्ण्या मन्तेतेजो भवेत् विषम् । इत्यन्नं विषवज्जातं त्यजेदेव प्रयत्नतः ॥ यथा तन विपद्येरन्नपि सृदृजन्तवः ॥

-- Translation -- Mriyate Makshikaaha - upon eating such food, bees die Kaakaha kshaamasvaro bhavet - Crow voice becomes depleted Parot, Dathyuha (gallinule bird) and Sarika (Mynah) start hooting at the poisoned food just by seeing it. Hansaha praskhalati - Swan changes its gait Glaanih jeevenjeevasya jayate - Chukar gets exhausted Chakorasya akshivairaagyam - Greeh pheasant's eyes turn red Kraunchasya madodaya: - Pond heron becomes intoxicated Pigeon, Parabhrit (Cuckoo) and Chaktravaaka lose their life UdvegaM yaati maarjaara: - cat becomes irritated, excited Haryenmayurasatrshtyaa - peacock loses its lustre Manndatejo bhavedvisam - the food becomes poisonous. It is to be discarded with great care so that even the minute creatures are not harmed.

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स्पृष्टे तु कण्डूदारोषाज्वरार्तिस्फोटसुप्त्यः:

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नखारोमच्युति: शोफ:, सेकाध्यै विषनाशना:

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शस्त्रास्त्रै: प्रलिप्तैश्च सव्यचन्दनै: पद्यकै:

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ससोमवल्कतालीसपत्रकुष्ठामृतान्तै:

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लालाजिह्वोष्ठयोर्दाह्यमुषा चिकित्स्यमायनम्

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दन्तहर्षो रसाजत्वं हनुस्तम्भश्च वक्रगे

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सेव्याध्यैस्तत्र गण्डूष: सर्व च विशजिद्दितम्

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आमाशयगते स्वेदमूर्छोऽध्मानमदभ्रमा:

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रोमहर्षो वमिदोषश्च क्षुहेदयरोधनम्

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बिन्दुभिश्चाचयो अड्गानां, पक्वाशयगते पुन:

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अनेकवर्णं वमति मूत्रयत्यतिसार्यते

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तन्द्रा कृशत्वं पाण्डुतवमुदरं बलक्षय:

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तयोरवान्तविरिक्तस्य हरिद्रे कटुब्ही गुडम्

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सिन्दुवारितनि:ष्पावबाष्पिकाशतपत्रिका:

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तण्डुलीयकमूलानि कुक्कुटाण्डमवल्गुजम्

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नावनाज्जनपानेपु योजयेद्विषशान्तये

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-- Translation -- Reaching stomach it produces sweating, fainting, flatulence, toxicity, giddiness, horripilations, vomiting, burning sensation, loss of movement of the eyes and heart, and appearance of black dots all over the body.

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-- Translation -- Reaching of the intestines it produces vomiting of many colours, excess of urination, purgation, drowsiness, emaciation, pallor, enlargement of the abdomen and loss of strength. For both these conditions the patient should be administered Vamana (emesis) and Virechana (purgation therapies), followed by Nasya (nasal medication), Anjana (collyriums) and drinking of decoction prepared from Haridra – Turmeric Rhizome – Curcuma Longa, and Daruharidra (Berbaris aristata), Katabhi – Celastrus paniculata, Guda-jaggery, Sinduvarita, Nispava, Baspika, Sataparvika, roots of Tanduliyaka, Kukkutanda – hen’s egg and Avalguja – Psoralea corylifolia to relieve the effect of poison. 22-26.

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-- Translation -- Hrid Vishodhana – Gara Visha Chikitsa - Treatment to detoxify heart and to treat chronic poisoning:

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[ Sutra 27 ]

विषभुक्ताय तदयाच्च शुद्धायोद्धृतं हृदस्तथा

-- Translation -- When there is poisoning, first vomiting and purgation therapy is conducted to remove remnant poison in the gut. Then, to cleanse and detoxify heart, Tamra bhasma is administered to the patient. After that, Swarna bhasma is administered for a long period of time. By such Swarna administration for long time, the body becomes as pure as Gold. The term used for this is ‘Hemapanga’.

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[ Sutra 28 ]

शुद्धे हृदि ततः शाणं हेमचूर्णस्य दापयेत्‌

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[ Sutra 28 ]

न सज्जते हेमपाङ्गे पद्मपत्रेऽम्भुवद्विषम्‌

-- Translation -- In a person who has been given Gold bhasma for a long time, the poison can not do any harm, similar to a water drop that can not touch the leaf of the lotus. The person gains long life.

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जायते विपुलं चायर्गे अप्येष विधिः स्मृतः‌

-- Translation -- The same treatment is followed in Gara Visha (chronic poisoning) also.

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Na Sajjate Hemapange padmapatre ambuvat visham ||

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-- Translation -- Incompatible foods (Viruddha Ahara):-

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[ Sutra 29 ]

विरुद्धमपि च आहारं विध्याद्विषगरोपमम्‌

-- Translation -- On many occasions, consuming two food items together or a particular type of food processing may render the food toxic. It is called as incompatible food. Even incompatible foods should be considered similar to poison / artificial poisoning. 29.

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अनूपामिषं माषक्षौद्रक्षीरविरुद्दकैः

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विरुद्ध्यते सह बिसैर्मूलकेन गुडेन वा

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विशेषात्पयसा मत्स्या मत्स्येष्वपि चिलिचिमः

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Anupa mamsa with Masha, Kshaudra, Ksheera and Virudaka - Meat of animals of marshy regions is incompatible with black gram, honey, milk and germinated grains.

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Bisa, Mulaka (Radish - Raphanus sativus) or Guda jaggery is incompatible with fish.

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Fish with milk, especially Chilichima variety of fist with milk is incompatible. 30.

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विरुद्धमम्लं पयसा सह सर्वं फलं तथा

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तद्वत्कुलत्थथवरकड्गगुल्लमकुष्टकः:

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All sour substances are incompatible with milk.

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Sour fruits with milk is not recommended.

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Horse gram (Kulattha), Varak, Kangu, Valla and Makustaka. - these are not recommended along with cow milk. 31 ½.

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After consuming green leafy vegetables and radish, drinking milk should be avoided. 32.

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वाराहं श्वाविधा नाध्याद्दध्ना पृषतकुक्कुटौ

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आममांसानि पित्तेन, माषसूपेन मूलकम्

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अविं कुसुम्भशाकेन, बिसैः सह विरुध्दकम्

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माषसूपगुडक्षीररदध्याज्यैरैलकुकं फलम्

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फलं कदल्यास्तक्‍रेण दध्ना तालफलेन वा

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कणोषणाभ्यां मधुना काकमाचीं गुडेन वा

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सिद्धां वा मत्स्यपचने पचने नागरस्य वा

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सिद्धामन्यात्‍ वा पात्रे कामात्तमुषितां निशाम्

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Pork should not be taken along with porcupine meet.

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(Kukkuta) Chicken and Spotted deer should not be taken along with curds

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Uncooked meat along with bile

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radish along with black gram

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Sheep meat along with leaves of Kusumba herb

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Germinated grains along with Bisa

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Lakucha Phala along with black gram soup (masha supa)

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Banana along with butter milk is not recommended

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Curds along with Tala phala (Palm date)

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Pippali, Maricha and honey

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Kakamachi along with jaggery

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Black pepper along with fish or during digestion of fish - 33-36.

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मत्स्यनिस्‍तेलनस्‍नेहे साधिता: पिप्पलीस्त्यजेत्

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कांस्‍ये दशाहमुषितं सर्पिरुष्णं त्वरुष्करे

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-- Translation -- Pippali (long pepper) processed with the oil in which fish is fried should be rejected. Ghee kept in bronze vessel for more than 10 days should not be taken. Hot substances or hot procedures (like sun bath) is not recommended along with Bhallataka. 37.

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भासो विरुद्ध्यते शूल्यः कम्पिल्तकसाधितः

-- Translation -- Meat of Bhāsa bird - white headed vulture should not be roasted. Kampilla (a dish) prepared with buttermilk - 37½.

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एकध्यं पायससुराकृशरा: परिवर्जयेत्

-- Translation -- Mixing of milk, beer and Krishara (rice - green gram dish) - 38

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मधुसर्पिर्वसातेलपानियानि द्विश्वास्त्रश: एकत्र वा समांशानि विरुद्ध्यन्ते परस्परम् ३९

-- Translation -- Mixing of equal quantities of any 2, 3 or all of the following is not recommended - honey, ghee, meat fat, sesame oil and beverages.

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भिन्नांशे अपि मध्याज्ये दिव्यवार्यनुपानत: मधुपुष्करबीजं च, मधुमैरैयशर्करम् मन्थानुपानः क्षीरेयो, हारिद्र: कतुतैलवान्

-- Translation -- Honey along with ghee, even in unequal proportions, should not be consumed along with water. Honey along with seeds of Pushkara, Honey, along with wine of dates (Maireya) and sugar Milk drinks along with Mantha (solution of corn flour) Turmeric with mustard oil is incompatible.

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उपोदक अतिसाराय तिलकल्केन साधिता

-- Translation -- Upodika (Indian spinach) processed along with sesame seed paste causes diarrhoea. - 41

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बलाका वारुण्युकता कुलमाषैश्च विरुध्यते भृष्टा वराहवसया सैव सद्यो निहन्ति सूकरसूनू

-- Translation -- Meat of Balaka bird along with Varuni (date wine) and Kulmasha (green gram and other pulses cooked together) Meat of Balaka along with pork fat is lethal.

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तदवत्तित्तिरपात्रादयगोधालवकपिञ्जला: एरण्डेनाग्निना सिद्धास्तत्तैलैन विमूर्छ्छिता:

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-- Translation -- Meat of Tittiri, peacock, Godha (Iguana Iziard), Lava (common quail), Kapinjala, cooked by the fire of wood ofcastor and processed with, fried in castor oil is lethal.

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हारीतमांसं हारिद्रशूलकप्रोतपाचितम्

-- Translation -- Meat of Haridra (yellow bird) pierced with wood of Haridra and cooked with the flame of Haridra is lethal.

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हरिद्रावहिन्ना सद्यो व्यापादयति जीवितम्

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भस्मपांशुपरिध्वस्तं तदेव च समाप्लुतम्

-- Translation -- Meat of Haridra, cooked by smearing ash and sand, consumed along with honey kills the person quickly.

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-- Translation -- Definition of Viruddha - incompatible -

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[ Sutra 45 ]

यत् किश्चित् दोषं उत्क्लेश्य न हरेत् तत् समासतः ।

-- Translation -- In brief, whichever food or activity that causes increase of Doshas but does not expel the Dosha out of the body is termed as Viruddha.

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विरुद्धम् ।

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-- Translation -- Note: In Panchakarma treatment also, Dosha is increased and then expelled out of body. But in Panchakarma, though there is increase of Dosha, because they are expelled out, there is no harm. But in Viruddha Ahara, the food causes only increase of Dosha, leading to toxic symptoms.

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-- Translation -- The treatment for incompatible food consumption is

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शुद्धिरत्रेष्टा शमो वा तद्विरोधिभिः:

-- Translation -- Shodhana - purification procedure - Panchakarma Shamana - palliative treatment

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-- Translation -- Virodha chikitsa - symptom based treatment.

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द्रव्यैस्तैरैव वा पूर्वं शरीरस्याभिसंस्कृतिः:

-- Translation -- Health should be restored quickly by using food that have opposite qualities to that of incompatible foods.

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[ Sutra 47 ]

व्यायामस्निग्धदीप्ताग्निनः स्थबलशालिनाम्

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[ Sutra 47 ]

विरोध्यपि न पीडायै सात्म्यमलपं च भोजनम्

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-- Translation -- Page No. 109

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-- Translation -- In those who exercise regularly, who are habituated to oily fatty food, who have good digestion power, in young, and strengthfull, the incompatible food will not cause any ill effects. In those, who are habituated (sathmya) to incompatible food and in those who take low quantities of incompatible food for a long period of time, the ill effects will not be seen. 47

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-- Translation -- Satmikarana Krama - (method of accustomatization) :-

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[ Sutra 48 ]

पादेनापथ्यमभ्यस्तं पादापादेन वा त्यजेत् | निषेवेत हितं तद्वदेकद्वित्र्यान्तरीकृतम् ४८

-- Translation -- Unhealthy things - foods, drinks, activities which have become accustomed by long use should be discontinued by quarter and quarter gradually. Similarly healthy things (foods etc.) should be gradually made use with intevals of 1, 2 and 3 days. 48.

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[ Sutra 49 ]

अपथ्यमपि हि त्यक्तं शीलितं पथ्यमेव वा | सात्म्यासात्म्यविकाराय जायते सहसा अन्यथा ४९

-- Translation -- Sudden discontinuance of unhealthy things, foods, drinks etc. and indulgence in healthy things, done suddenly and improperly give rise to diseases 49

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क्रमेणापचिता दोषा: क्रमेणोपचिता गुणा: | सन्तो यान्यपुनर्भोभवमप्रकम्प्या भवन्ति च

-- Translation -- The ill effects of incompatible foods that eliminated gradually and good habits developed gradually leads to robust health.

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अत्यन्तसन्निधानानां दोषाणां दूषणात्मनाऽम् | अहितैर्दूषणं भूयो न विद्वान् कर्तुमर्हति

-- Translation -- Wise men should not help the intimate vitiating factors by indulging in unhealthy things.

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-- Translation -- Trayopastambha - Three pillars of life -

· · ·

[ Sutra 52 ]

आहारशयनाब्रह्मचर्यैयुक्त्या प्रयोजितैः | शरीरं धार्यते नित्यमागारमिव धारणैः ॥ ५२ ॥

-- Translation -- Ahara - food, Shayana - Sleep and Abrahmacharya (non-celibecy) - properly indulged, support the body constantly just like the house is supported by the pillars.

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[ Sutra 53 ]

निद्रायत्तं सुखं दुःखं पुष्टिः काश्यं बलाबलम् वृषता क्लीबता ज्ञानंज्ञानं जीवितं न च

-- Translation -- Happiness and unhappiness, proper nourishment or emaciation, strength and debility, sexual powers and impotence, knowledge and ignorance, life and its absence (death) – all are dependent on sleep.

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[ Sutra 54 ]

अकाले अप्रसङ्गाच्च न च निद्रा निषेविता सुखायुषी पराकुर्यात् कालरात्रिरिवापरा

-- Translation -- Akaala nidra – sleep at improper time, Atprasanga – excess sleep Na nidra – lack of sleep – these three destroys health.

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[ Sutra 55 ]

रात्रौ जागरणं रूक्षं, स्निग्धं प्रस्वपनं दिवा अरुक्षमनभिष्यन्दि त्वासीनप्रचतायितम्

-- Translation -- Ratri jagarana – Keeping awake at nights (avoiding sleep) is dry (causes dryness inside the body), Divasvapna – sleeping during daytime is unctuous (causes moistness inside) and Taking a nap sitting comfortably (during day) is neither dry nor unctuous

· · ·

ग्रीष्मे वायुचयादानरौक्ष्यरात्र्यल्पभावतः: दिवास्वप्नो हितोऽन्यस्मिन् कफपित्तकरो हि सः मुक्त्वा तु भास्ययानाध्वमद्यस्त्रीभारकरर्मभिः क्रोधशोकभयैः क्लान्तान् श्वासहिध्मातिसारिणः वृद्धबालातकक्षीणटृट्शूलपीडितान्

-- Translation -- Sleeping during day time is beneficial during summer, because in that season, Vata undergoes mild increase, dryness is more, nights are short; Day sleeping during other seasons causes Kapha and Pitta increase.

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बहुमेदः कफः स्वप्यु: स्त्री हनित्याश्च नाहनि विषार्तः कण्ठरोगी च नैव जातु निशास्वपि

-- Translation -- Day sleeping is good for those who are exhausted by excessive speaking, riding, walking, wine, woman (sexual intercourse), carrying heavy load, physical activities, tired by anger, grief and fear, for those suffering from asthma, hiccup, diarrhea, for the aged, the children, the debilitated, the emaciated, those having injury, thirst, abdominal pain, indigestion; those assaulted, those

· · ·

-- Translation -- intoxicated, and those who are habituated to day sleep. In them it maintains the normalcy of the tissues and the Kapha nourishes the body. 56-59.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Who should not have day sleep?

· · ·

-- Translation -- Obese, in whom Kapha is aggravated, who take regular oily food, Those who are suffering from poisoning and throat disease patients should not sleep even at night.

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[ Sutra 61 ]

अकालशयनान्मोहज्वरस्तैमित्यपीनसा: | शिरोरुक्शोफहल्लाससोतोरोधाग्निमन्दता: ॥ ६१ तत्र उपवासवमनस्वेदनावनमौषधम्

-- Translation -- Sleeping at improper time causes delusion, fever, lassitude, nasal catarrh, headache, dropsy, oppression in the chest (nausea), obstruction of the tissue pores and weakness of digestive function; for this fasting, emesis, sudation and nasal, medications are the treatment. 61-61½.

· · ·

[ Sutra 61-61½ ]

योजयेदतिनिद्रायां तीक्ष्णं प्रच्छर्दनाञ्जनम् | नावनं लङ्घनं चिन्तां व्यवायं शोकभीरुध: || एभिरेव च निद्राया नाश: श्लेष्मातिसङ्ख्यात्

-- Translation -- In case of excess of sleep, strong emetics, collyrium, nasal drops, fasting, worry, sexual intercourse, grief, fear and anger are advocated. By these the Kapha gets decreased leading to loss of sleep. 62-63.

· · ·

[ Sutra 62-63 ]

निद्रानाशदृङ्मर्देशिरोगौरवजृम्भिका: | जाड्यग्लानिभ्रमापक्वितान्त्र्रा रोमाश्च वातजा: ||

-- Translation -- Loss of sleep leads to squeezing pain in the body parts, heaviness of the head, too much of yawning, lassitude, exhaustion (even without strain), giddiness, indigestion, stupor and diseases of Vata origin. 64.

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[ Sutra 64 ]

यथाकालमतो निद्रां रात्रौ सेवेत सात्म्यतः | असात्म्याज्जागरारद्र्धं प्रातः स्वप्नादभुक्तवान् ||

-- Translation -- Hence, the person should sleep at the proper time at nights daily as much as desirable and become habituated to it. If he has kept awake at night due to non-habituation (not accustomed to), he should sleep for half that period, the next morning without taking any food. 65.

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[ Sutra 65 ]

शीलयेन्मनददनिद्रस्तु क्षीरमद्यरसनान्दधि | अभ्यङ्गोदवर्तनस्नानामर्द्धकर्णाक्षितर्पणम् || कान्ताबहुलताश्लेषो निवृत्ति: कृत्रकृत्यता | मनो अनूकूला विषयाः कामं निद्रासुखप्रदा: ||

· · ·

ब्रह्मचार्यरतेऽग्राम्यसुखनिद्रास्पृहचेतसः

· · ·

निद्रा सन्तोषतृप्तस्य स्वं कालं नातिवर्तते

· · ·

-- Translation -- Those suffering from very little sleep (or no sleep at all), should indulge in the use of milk, wine, meat soup and curds (as food), oil massage and mild squeezing (of the body), bath, anointing the head, ears and eyes with nourishing oils, comforting embrace by the arms of the wife, harbouring the feeling of satisfaction of having done good deeds and resorting to things which are comforting to the mind as much as desired; these bring about the pleasure of good sleep. For those who follow the regimen of celibacy, who are not very crazy of sexual intercourse and who are contented with happiness, sleep will not be very late than its regular time. 66 - 68.

· · ·

ग्राम्यधर्म त्यजेन्तारिमनुत्सृजतां रजस्वलाम्

· · ·

अप्रीतामप्रियाचारां दुष्टसङ्कीर्णमेहनाम्

· · ·

अतिस्थूलाकृशां सुतां गर्भिणीं योषितम्

· · ·

वर्णिनोऽन्योन्ययोनी च गुरुदेवनृपालयम्

· · ·

चैत्यश्मशाना आयतनचतुष्पथम्

· · ·

पर्वण्यनङ्गं दिवसं शिरोहरुदयताडनम्

· · ·

अत्याशितोऽधृतिः क्षुद्वान् दुःस्थिताङ्गः पिपासितः

· · ·

बालो वृद्धो अनयेगावातर्तास्यजेदोगी च मैथुनम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sex - the person should avoid the woman who is not lying with her face upward, who is in her menstrual period, who is not liked, whose activities are displeasing, whose private parts are dirty and who is troublesome; who is very obese or very emaciated, who has recently delivered and who is pregnant; The other woman (other than his wife), and the nun, the other animals like the goat, buffalo etc., should be avoided. Avoid sex in the abode of the teacher, gods and kings in monasteries, burial ground, places of torture and of sacrifice and meeting of four roads. Should avoid days of special significance (new-moon, full-moon, eclipse, festivals, mourning days and others), Avoid organs which are non-sexual, (oral etc) and also the days forbidden for sex, avoid violence during sex. Should not indulge in sex after a heavy meal, without keen intention, when hungry, when his body is in uncomfortable postures, when thirsty; with children, with the aged (old women), when troubled by other urges (such as of urine, faeces etc.) and when he is himself a patient. 69-72.

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सेवेत कामतः कामं तृप्तो वाजीकरणं हिमे

· · ·

त्र्यहादवसन्तशरदोः पक्षाद्वर्षान्निदाघयोः

· · ·

-- Translation -- During Hemanta and shishira (winter) the person can indulge in copulation (daily) as much as he likes after making use of aphrodisiacs (and obtaining strength);

· · ·

[ Sutra 73 ]

-- Translation -- Once in three days in Vasanta (spring) and Sarat (autumn) and Once a fortnight in Varsha (rainy) and Nidagha (summer).

· · ·

[ Sutra 74 ]

भ्रमक्लमोरदौर्बल्यबलधातिविन्द्रियक्षयः । अपर्वमरणं च स्यादन्यथा गच्छतः स्त्रियम्

-- Translation -- Giddiness, exhaustion, weakness of the thighs, loss of strength, depletion of tissues, loss of acuity of senses and premature death occur from improper indulgence in the woman (sexual intercourse).

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[ Sutra 75 ]

स्मृतिमेधायु:शरोम्यपुष्टीन्द्रिययशोबलम् । अधिका मन्दजरसो भवन्ति स्त्रीषु संयता: ॥ ७५ ॥

-- Translation -- Good memory, intelligence, long life, health, nourishment, acuity of sense organs, reputation, strength and slow ageing accrue from disciplined (controlled) indulgence in the women.

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[ Sutra 76 ]

स्नानानुलेपनहिमानिलखण्डकादयशीताम्बुदुग्धरसयूषसुराप्रसन्नः सेवेत चानु शयनं विरतौ रतस्यैवमाशु वपुः पुनरैति धाम

-- Translation -- After the act, the man should indulge himself in bath, applying scented paste, exposure to cool breeze, drinking of syrup prepared from sugar candy, cold water, milk, meat juice, soup, Sura - fermented liquor prepared from grains, Prasanna - clear supernatant fluid of Sura and then go to sleep; by these, the

vigour of the body returns quickly to its abode again.

· · ·

[ Sutra 77 ]

श्रुतचरित समृद्धे कर्मदक्षे दयालौ भिषजि निरनुबन्धं देहारक्षां निवेश्य भवति विपुलतेजः स्वास्थ्यकृतिप्रभावः । स्वकुशलफलभोगी भूमिपालश्चिरायुः

-- Translation -- The king who has implicitly reposed the protection of his body with his physician, who is well conversant with the scriptures and its practices efficient in work and kind, attains great valour, health, fame, influence, capacity to enjoy the fruits of all his actions and a long life.

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-- Translation -- Thus ends the 7th chapter of Ashtanga Hrudaya Sutrasthana.

· · ·

[ Sutra 1-2 ]

मात्राशी सर्वकालं स्यान्मात्रा हि अग्ने: प्रवर्तिका मात्रा द्रव्याण्यपेक्षन्ते गुरुण्यापि लघून्यापि | गुरुणामर्धसौहित्यं लघूनां नातित्रप्तता मात्राप्रमाणं निर्दिष्टं सुखं यावत् विजीर्य्यति ||

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[ Sutra 3 ]

भोजनं हीनमात्रं तु न बलोपचयौजसे सर्वेषां वातरोगाणां हेतुतां प्रपद्यते | अतिमात्रं पुन: सर्वानाशु दोषान् प्रकुपयेत् ||

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[ Sutra 4-5 ]

पीड्यमानो हि वाताद्यै: युगपत्पत्त्रेन कोपित: | आमेनान्नेन दूष्ठेन तदेवाविश्य कुरुते विष्टम्भयन्तो अलसं च्यावयन्तो विसूचिकाम् | अधरोत्तरमार्गाभ्यां सहसैवाजितात्मन: ||

· · ·

-- Translation -- Due to eating excess quantity of food, Vata and other Doshas suddenly get increased together and associating with the undigested and vitiated food (Ama) , produce diseases.

· · ·

-- Translation -- It causes Alasaka disease by blocking the movement of food inside the alimentary tract and Visuchika (gastro enteritis) by expelling out the undigested food in both downward and upward directions (diarrhoea and vomiting) simultaneously.

· · ·

-- Translation -- This is seen in persons who are not self controlled and who can not control their craze for eating. 4-5.

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-- Translation -- Alasaka = indigestion + constipation:

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[ Sutra ६ ]

प्रयाति नोर्ध्वं नाधस्तादाहारो न च पच्यते ६

· · ·

आमाशये अलसीभूतस्तेन सो अलसकः स्मृतः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Visuchika ~ Gastro enteritis

· · ·

[ Sutra ७ ]

विविधैः वेदनोर्ध्वैर्व्याधि भृशकोपतैः ७

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सूचीभीरु व गात्राणि विध्यतीति विसूचिका

· · ·

-- Translation -- Influence of different Doshas in Alasaka and Visuchika -

· · ·

[ Sutra ८ ]

तत्र शूलभ्रमानाहकम्पस्तम्भादयो अनिलात् ८

· · ·

[ Sutra ९ ]

पित्तात् ज्वरातिसारान्तर्दाहतृट्प्लयादयः:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 116

· · ·

-- Translation -- Trut - excessive thirst

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pralaya - panic, unconsciousness

· · ·

-- Translation -- If Kapha is aggravated, it causes

· · ·

-- Translation -- Chardi - Vomiting

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-- Translation -- Angagurutaa - heaviness of the body

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-- Translation -- Vak Sangha - Difficulty to speak

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-- Translation -- Shteevana - excessive salivation, expectoration and spitting

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-- Translation -- Manifestation of Alasaka symptoms:

· · ·

[ Sutra 10-11 ]

विशेषात्‌दुर्बलस्याल्पवह्निवर्गविधारिणः । पीडितं मारुतेनान्नं शलेष्मणा सद्मन्तरा १० अलसं क्षोभितं दोषैः शल्यत्‌वेनैव संस्थितम् शूलादीन्‌ कुरुतेऽत्रांशैर्द्धि अतीसारवर्जितान् ११ स अलसः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dandalasaka -

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

अत्यर्थदुष्टास्तु दोषा दुष्टाभिभवदृढखा: । यान्तः तिर्यक्तनुं सर्वा दण्डवत् स्तम्भयन्ति चेत् १२ दण्डकालसकं नाम तं त्यजेदाशुकारिणम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ama Dosha

· · ·

[ Sutra 13-14 ]

विरुद्ध अध्यशनाजीर्णशीलिनो विशेषलक्षणम् १३ आमदोषं महाघोरं वजयेद‌विषसंकम्‌ विषरूपाशुकारित्वात् विरुद्धोपक्रमत्वतः १४

· · ·

-- Translation -- Adhyashana – taking excess food Ajeerna Ashana – Eating over undigested food, develops the dreaded Amadosa which is similar to poison. Hence it is also called as Amavisha (undigested food poison). Such a person should be refused for treatment because of its similarity with poison, quickness in causing death and requiring treatments of opposite nature to one another Doshas and qualities. 13 - 14.

· · ·

[ Sutra 15-16 ]

अथ आमं अलसीभूतं साध्यं त्वरितमुल्लिखेत् पीतवा सोग्रपटुका वायुष्णं योजयेत ततः स्वेदनं फलरति च मलवातानुलोमनी नाम्यमानानि चाडगानि भृशं स्विन्नानि १६ वेष्टयेत्

-- Translation -- Ama – undigested food stagnating inside the Gastro intestinal tract should be removed quickly after deciding the conditions of easy management. The person is made to drink warm water mixed with powder of Ugra (Vacha – Acorus calamus), Patu (Saindhava – Black Salt) and Phala (Madanaphala); This will cause vomiting; This therapy is followed up with Swedana (sudation therapy) Next, Phalavarti (rectal suppositories) prepared from fruits which help downward movement of feaces and flatus should be administered, The parts of the body which are rigid should be well fomented and then wrapped with cloth. 15 - 16.

· · ·

[ Sutra 17 ]

विसूच्यां अतिवृद्धायां पाष्ण्योः दाहः प्रशस्यते तदहशचोपवास्यैनं विरिक्तवत् उपाचरेत् १७

-- Translation -- In advanced stage of Visucika, branding by fire over the heel, is recommended. The patient should be made to fast on that day and taken care of as the one who has undergone purgation therapy. All the post Virechana procedure and treatment should be given to the patient. 17.

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

तीव्रार्तिरपि नाजीर्णो पिबेत शूलघ्नं औषधम् आमसन्नो अनलो नालं पकतुं दोषौषधाशनम 18 निहन्यादपि चेतसां विश्वमः सहसा आतुरम

-- Translation -- The patient of indigestion though having severe abdominal pain should not take pain killing drugs; the Agni - digestive fire which is associated with Ama - improperly processed metabolites

· · ·

[ Sutra 18 ]

-- Translation -- will not be able to digest the Doshas, drugs and food; the severe troubles arising from these three will soon kill the patient. 18.

· · ·

[ Sutra 19 ]

जीर्णाशने तु भेषज्यं युज्य्यात् स्तब्धगुरुदरे | दोषशेषस्य पाकार्थमग्नः सन्धुक्षणाय च ||

-- Translation -- After the food is found digested, if stiffness and heaviness of the abdomen persisting, then the medicines should be given to digest the residue Doshas and to stimulate the Agni – digestive power. 19.

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

शान्तिरामविकाराणां भवति तु अपतर्पणात् | त्रिविधं त्रिविधे दोषे तत्त्समीक्ष्य प्रयोजयेत् ||

-- Translation -- Diseases produced by Ama - undigested food, become relieved by Apatarpana (non-nourishment); three kinds of Apatarpana, appropriate to the three Doshas should be adopted after careful consideration of all aspects. 20.

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

तत्राल्पे लङ्घनं पथ्यं, मध्ये लङ्घन पाचनम् | प्रभूते शोधनं, तद्वि मूलादुन्मूलयेन् मलान् ||

-- Translation -- If Ama is little, only Langhana (fasting) will be suitable, If it is moderate Langhana (fasting) and Pachana – digestive drugs are needed; if it is severe, then Shodhana (purification Panchakarma therapy) is necessary; for these will expel out the Dosha and Ama from the very root. 21.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment principle for diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Even the other diseases should be treated by adopting treatments which are opposite of their causative factors. It is called as Hetu Viparyaya Chikitsa. Hetu means causative factors. If, however, the diseases reoccur or persist for long time then the Hetu Viparyaya should be given up and disease specific treatment should be adopted. It is called as Vyadhi Viparyaya Chikitsa.

· · ·

[ Sutra 22-24 ]

तदर्थकारी वा, पक्वे दोषे तीव्रे च पावके | हितमभ्यञ्जनस्नेहपानबस्त्यादि युक्तितः ||

-- Translation -- Or Tadarthakari Chikitsa (therapies which, though not actually opposite of either the cause or the diseases still produce the desired result) should be adopted; When the Doshas have returned to normal, when the Ama is completely relieved, when digestion activity is completely restored to normalcy, then oil-bath, drinking of oil (oleation therapies) and enema therapy, etc. should be administered appropriately. To gain the lost strength in the patient. 22-24.

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

अजीर्णं च कफादाम तत्र शोफोऽक्षिगण्डयोः सद्योभुक्त इवोद्गारः प्रसेकोत्क्लेशगौरवम्

-- Translation -- Vititation of Kapha causes "Ama Ajeerna" It is characterized with swelling of the eyes socket and cheeks, belching similar to those which come up immediately after meals, excess salivation, nausea and heaviness of the body. 25

· · ·

विष्ठब्धं अनिलात् शूलं विबन्धं आध्मानसादकृत्

-- Translation -- Vishthabdha ajirna - this type of indigestion is caused due to vitiated Vata and is characterized by pain in the abdomen, constipation, flatulence and debility.

· · ·

[ Sutra 26 ]

पित्तात् विदग्धं तृष्णामोहाभ्याम्लोद्गारदाहवत्

-- Translation -- Vidagdha ajirna - this type of indigestion is due to vitiated Pitta and has thirst, fainting, dizziness, giddiness, sour belching and burning sensation as its symptoms. 26

· · ·

[ Sutra 27 ]

लङ्घनं कार्यमामे तु, विष्ठब्धे स्वेदनं भृशम् विदग्धे वमनं, यदवा यथावस्थं हितं भवेत्

-- Translation -- For Ama ajirna, Langhana - fasting should be done; For Vishtabdha Ajirna, Swedana (sudation therapy) should be done; For Vidagdha ajirna, Vamana (emesis therapy) should be done, or any therapy appropriate to the stage of the disease can be done. 27

· · ·

[ Sutra 28 ]

गरीयसो भवेल्लीनादामेदेव विलम्बिका कफवातानुबद्धा आमाशयस्था तनुमसाधना

-- Translation -- Vilambika - another kind of indigestion occurs due to profound accumulation of Ama inside the channels. It is caused due to vitiation of Kapha and Vata, and has all the symptoms of Ama; its treatment also is similar to that of Ama. 28

· · ·

[ Sutra 29 ]

अश्रद्धा हृदयवत्यथा शुद्धेऽपि उद्गारे रसशेषतः: शयीत किश्चितदेवात्र सर्वश्वानाशितो दिवा २९ स्वप्यादजीर्णी, सज्जातबुभुक्षो अद्यान्निमितं लघु

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

विबन्धोऽति प्रवृत्तिरत्वा ग्लानि निर्मितमूढता ३० अजीर्णलिङ्गं सामान्यं विष्टम्भो गौरवं भ्रमः

· · ·

न चातिमात्रमेवान्नमामादोषाय केवलम् दविष्टविष्ठितमिभदग्धामगुरूक्षिमाशुचि विदाहि शुष्कमत्यमबुप्लुतं चान्नं न जीर्यति उपपत्तेन भुक्तं च शोकक्रोधक्षुादिभिः

· · ·

मिश्रं पथ्यमपथ्यं च भुक्तं समशनं मतम् विध्यादध्यशनं भूयोभुक्तस्योपरी भोजनम् अकाले बहु चालयं वा भुक्तं तु विषमाशनम् त्रीण्यप्येतानि मृत्यून् वा घोरान् व्याधीन् सृजन्ति वा

· · ·

-- Translation -- Consuming suitable and unsuitable foods mixed together is known as Samashana,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Consuming large quantity of food even before the previous meal is digested constitutes Adhyasana,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Consuming less or more quantity at improper time is Vishamashana,

· · ·

-- Translation --

• all these three either cause death or dreaded diseases. 33 - 34

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-- Translation -- Ahara vidhi - regimen of diet -

· · ·

काले सात्म्यं शुचि हितं स्निग्धोष्णं लघु तन्मना:। षड्रसं मध्युप्रायं नातिद्रुतविलम्बितम्‌।। स्नात: क्षुध्दानं विविक्तस्थो धौतपादकरानन:। तर्पयित्वा पितृन्देवान्‌ अतिथीन्‌ बालकान्‌ गुरून्‌।। प्रत्येकं तिरश्च अपि प्रतिपन्नपरिग्रहान्‌ समीक्ष्य सम्यगात्मनिभान्निदन्नमभुवनं द्रवम्‌ इष्टमिष्टे: सहाश्रीयाच्छुश्रूषिभक्तजनाहतम्‌।।

-- Translation -- Kale Satmyam - Food should be consumed at the proper time, Shuchi Hitam - it should be the accustomed, clean, suited to health, Snigdha, Ushna, Laghu - unctuous, hot and easily digestible; Tanmanaa - consuming food with due attention Shadrasa, Madhurapraayam - should contain all the six tastes with predominance of sweet taste, Na Atidruta, Vilambitam - partaken neither very quickly nor very slowly; Snataha - after taking bath, Kshut vaan - after having good hunger, Viviktastha -sitting in solitude, Dhauta Pada kara aananaha - after washing the feet, hands and face, Tarpayitva pitrun, Devan, Atitheen, Balakaan, Guroon - after satisfying the Pitrus (manes), gods, guests, children and Guru. After satisfying even the dependents maintained in the house (such as servants, horses and other animals for receiving service, parrots and other pets etc.), after carefully considering one's own constitution, likes and dislikes, without scolding / abusing the food, without too much of talk; should partake more of liquid food, that which is liked, in the company of the liked persons, and served by those who are clean and faithful to him. 35 - 38

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भोजनं तृणकेशादिजुष्टमुष्णीकृतं पुन:। शाकावान्नभूयिष्ठमत्युष्णलवणं त्यजेत्‌।।

-- Translation -- Food which is contaminated with grass, hairs etc; re-heated, which consists more of vegetables and undesirable grains, which is very hot and very salty should be rejected. 39

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किलाटदधीकूचीकाक्षारशुक्ताममूलकम्‌ कॄषशुष्कवराहविगोमत्स्यभहिषामिषम्‌ माषनिष्पावशालूकविसपिष्टवीरुॡटकम्‌ शुष्कशाकानि यवकान् फाणितं च न शीलयेत्‌

-- Translation -- Kilata (dairy product - sweet in taste), Dadhi - Curds, Kuchika (solid part of curds), Kshara (alkalies), Sukta (fermented gruel), Ama Mulaka - Uncooked radish, Meat of animals which are emaciated, dry meat, meat of the boar, sheep, cow, fish and buffalo, Masha (black gram), Nishpava; Saluka, Bisa, Pista (powdery, starchy), germinated grains, dried vegetables, Yavaka (small barley), Phanita (half cooked molasses) - those should not be consumed habitually. 40 - 41.

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शीलयेच्छालिगोधूमयवषष्टिकजाङ्गलम्‌ सुनिषण्णकजीवन्तीबालमूलवास्तुकम्‌ पथ्यामलकमृद्वीकापटोलोमुद्गशर्करा: घृतदिव्योदकक्षीरौददाडिमसैन्धवम्‌

-- Translation -- Shali (rice), Godhuma (wheat), Yava - Barley - Hordeum vulgare, Shashtika (rice maturing in sixty days), Jangala (meat of animals of desert like lands), sunisannaka, Jivanti - Leptadenia reticulata, Balamulaka (young radish), Pathya (Haritaki) Amalaka (Amla - Indian gooseberry), Mridwika - dry grapes, Mudga - green gram, Sarkara (sugar), Ghrita (ghee), Divyodaka (rain water or pure water), Ksheera (milk), Kshoudra (honey), Dadima - Pomegranate - Punica granatum and Saindhava - Rock Salt (salt) can be consumed habitually. 42 - 43.

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[ Sutra 43½ ]

त्रिफलां मधुसर्पिर्भ्यां निशि नेत्रबलाय च स्वास्थ्यानुवृत्तिकृद्यच्च रोगोच्छेदकरं च यत्

-- Translation -- Triphala along with honey and ghee should be consumed at nights daily for strengthening of eye sight. Any other thing which is good for promoting/maintaining health and dispelling diseases can also be consumed habitually.

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Food that should be consumed at the beginning of meal -

-- Translation -- Food that should be consumed at the beginning of meal -

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[ Sutra 45 - 45½ ]

बिसेक्षुमोचचोचाममोदकोत्कारिकारिकादिकम् अद्याद्रव्यं गुरु स्निग्धं स्वादु मन्थं स्थिरं पुरः विपरीतमतश्चान्ते मध्ये अम्ललवणोतकटम्

-- Translation -- Foods which are not easily digestible, which are unctuous - fatty, sweet, slow and hard such as Bisa, Ikshu (sugarcane), Mocha, Coca, Amra (mango), Modaka (sweet meat ball), Utkarika (sweet dish) etc., should be consumed at the commencement of the meal. foods of opposite qualities, at the end of the meal, and those which are predominantly sour and salt, in the middle of the meal.

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[ Sutra 46 ]

अन्नेन कुक्षिर्द्विधाशौ पूरयेत् प्रपूरेत् पयः आश्रयं पवनादीनां चतुर्थमवशेषयेत्

-- Translation -- Two parts of the stomach (half of its capacity) should be filled with solid foods, one part by liquids and the remaining one part should be kept vacant for accommodating air etc.

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Anupana - (after - drink) :-

-- Translation -- Anupana - (after - drink) :-

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अनुपानं हिमं वारि यवगोधूमयोर्हितम् दध्नि मद्ये विषे क्षौद्रे कोषणं पिष्टमयेषु तु शाकमृदुगदिविकृतौ मस्तुत्क्रामलकाज्जिकम् सुरां कृष्णां पुष्ट्यार्थे स्थूलानां टू मधूदकम् शोणे मांसरसो मद्ये मांसे स्वल्पे च पावके व्याध्यौषधाद्वभाष्य स्त्रीलिङ्गनातपकर्मभिः क्षीणे वृद्धे च बाले च पयः पथ्यं यथा अमृतम्

-- Translation -- Cold water is the ideal after-drink (Anupana) - after meals containing/prepared from Yava - (Barley) and Godhuma - wheat, after consuming Dadhi - Curds / yoghurt, wine, poison and honey.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Warm water is ideal after-drink for foods which are starchy, Mastu - Supernatant liquid of curds (whey), Takra (diluted buttermilk) Amla kanjika (fermented gruel); dishes prepared from vegetables and Mudga (green gram) and other legumes :

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sura (beer) is the ideal after drink for lean person. Honey mixed water is the ideal after drink for obese person. Meat soup is good after drink for the emaciated, Wines are ideal after a meal of meat and to those who have poor digestive capacity; Milk is best suited just as nector for those who are debilitated by diseases, medicines (and therapies), walking long distances, speaking, sexual intercourse, fasting, exposure to sun and such other tiresome activities; for the emaciated, the aged, and children. 47 - 50.

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-- Translation -- An ideal Anupana

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विपरीतं यदन्नस्य गुणैः स्यादविरोधि च अनुपानं समासेन, सर्वदा तत्प्रशस्यते

-- Translation -- An ideal Anupana ( after-drink) is that which has properties opposite of those of the foods but not incompatible with them; such an after- drink is always valuable. 51.

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-- Translation -- Benefits of Anupana:

· · ·

अनुपानं करोत्युर्जां तृप्तिं व्याप्तिं हृढीङ्गताम् अन्नसङ्घातशैथिल्यविक्लिन्नतित्तिजरणानि च

-- Translation -- Anupana - after - drink invigorates, gives contentment, helps proper movement of food inside, stability of the body parts; loosening of hard masses of food, their proper liquification (moistening) and digestion. 52.

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-- Translation -- Contra indication for Anupana -

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नोर्ध्वजत्रुगदश्वासकासोरः क्षतपीयुसः गीतभाष्यप्रसङ्गे च स्वरभेदे च तद्वितम्

-- Translation -- It is not good in diseases of the organs above the shoulders (ear, nose, throat, eyes and brain related diseases), dyspnoea (COPD, Asthma), cough, injury to chest (lungs), rhinitis, for those engaged in singing and speaking and in hoarseness of voice. 53.

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प्रक्लिन्नदेहमेहाक्षिङ्गलरोगप्रणातुराः पानं त्यजेयुः

· · ·

[ Sutra 54 ]

-- Translation -- Drinking liquids should be avoided by those who are over-hydrated, who are suffering from polyuria, diseases of the eyes and throat, and wounds (ulcers).

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[ Sutra 54½ ]

-- Translation -- All persons - both healthy and sick should avoid speaking, walking long distances and sleeping immediately after consuming liquids; exposure to sun and fire, travel in vehicles, swimming and riding on animals soon after consuming food.

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[ Sutra 54 - 55 ]

-- Translation -- The ideal time for taking meals is after the elimination of faeces and urine, when the mind is clean (devoid of emotions), when the Doshas are moving in their natural paths (functioning normally), when belching are pure without and foul smell or taste, when hunger is well manifest, when the flatus is moving downward easily, when the digestive activity is keen, when the sense organs are clear functioning, when the body is light. Food should be consumed observing the rules and procedures of taking food. That is the ideal time.

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-- Translation -- Thus ends the chapter called Matrashitiya, the eighth in the Sutrasthana of Astangahrdaya Samhita.

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द्रव्यमेवरसादीनां श्रेष्ठं, तेहितदाश्रया:

-- Translation -- Dravya – (substance / mass of the substance) is the most important factor among Rasa (tastes) and other qualities; because all of these qualities are residing in the substance only.

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पञ्चभूतात्मकं तत्

-- Translation -- Dravya/Mass is composed of five basic elements.

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तत्क्ष्मामाधिष्ठाय जायते अम्भुयोगन्यग्निपवननभसंभवयत: । तज्जातिर्निर्विशेषश्च व्यपदेशस्तु भवत्यसौ ।।

-- Translation -- It has Kshma – solidity as its substratum, it takes origin from Ambu (Ap Bhuta – water element), Agni (Tejas Bhuta – Fire element), Pavana (Vayu Bhuta – air element) and Nabhas (Akasha Bhuta – ether element), with their intimate and inseparable combination. Its identification/designation is decided by the predominance of particular element in the Dravya (mass / substance). 1–2.

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-- Translation -- These elements combine together in an inseparable combination (Samavaya) to become gross objects and give rise to the formation of all the substances of this universe. Hence the entire universe is Panchabhautik (composed of five elements, hence designated as Prapancha).

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-- Translation -- The proportion/quantity of each Bhuta (element) varies and hence the existence of variety of substances in this universe, each one very different and unique.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Whichever element is predominant in any substance bestows its name to that substance. If Prithvi Bhuta (earth element) is more than the other four in a certain combination, then the substance the gets formed is called Parthiva - solid; If Ap Bhuta (water element) is dominant - then Apya - liquid If Tejas Bhuta (fire element) is more, it will be Taijasa (Agneya), if Vayu Bhuta (air element) it will be Vayavya, and if Akasabhuta (space element) is more, it will be Akasheeya (Nabhasa). Thus all the substances of the universe are classified into five kinds.

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-- Translation -- Rasa - Anurasa - (Primary and secondary tastes) :-

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[ Sutra 3 ]

तस्मान्नैकरसं द्रव्यं भूतासङ्घातसंभवात् नैकदोषास्ततो रोगास्त्रव्यक्तो रसः स्मृतः 3

-- Translation -- Taste in a substance also arises out of Pancha mahabhuta (5 element) combination. Hence, because of the combination of the elements, there is no substance having only one taste. Similarly, there is no disease arising out of a single Dosha. Any disease will have involvement of more than one Dosha.

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-- Translation -- Taste (rasa) is of two types.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Primary taste (Rasa) - the taste that is perceived clearly. The one that manifests clearly in a substance.

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

अव्यक्तोऽनुरसः किन्त्विदन्ते व्यक्तोऽपि चेष्यते 3

-- Translation -- Secondary taste (Anurasa) - which are not clearly manifest or which are recognized at the end.

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[ Sutra 4 ]

गुर्वादयोगुणा द्रव्ये पृथिव्यादौ रसाश्रये 4 रसेपु व्यपदिश्यन्ते साहचर्योपचारतःः

-- Translation -- Guru (heaviness) etc qualities present in the Prithvi (earth) etc substances of are residing in the taste of the substance); Qualities of a substance are ascribed to the taste because of their intimate co-existence.

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[ Sutra ५ ]

तत्र द्रव्यं गुरु स्थूल स्थिर गन्ध गुणोल्बणम् पाथिवं गौरव स्थैर्य सङ्घात उपचयावहम्

· · ·

[ Sutra ६ ]

द्रव शीत गुरु स्निग्ध मन्द सान्द्र रसोल्बणम् आप्यं स्नेहन विष्यान्द क्लेद प्रह्लाद बन्धकृत्

· · ·

[ Sutra ७ ]

रुक्श तीक्ष्णोष्ण विशदसूक्ष्म रूपगुणोल्बणम् आग्नेयं दाह भा वर्ण प्रकाश पचनात्मकम्

· · ·

वायव्यं रूक्षविशद लघु स्पर्शगुणोल्बणम् रौक्ष्य लाघव वैशद्य विचार ग्लानिकारकम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

नाभसं सूक्ष्मं विशदं लघु शब्दगुणोल्बणम्

-- Translation -- ना भसं सूक्ष्मं विशदं लघु शब्द गुण उल्बणम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

सौषिर्यलाघवकरम्

-- Translation -- सौषिर्य लाघव करम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

जगत्येवमनौषधम्

-- Translation -- जगत् एवम् अनौषधम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

न किश्चित् विद्यते द्रव्यं वशात् नानार्थ योगयो:

-- Translation -- न किश्चित् विद्यते द्रव्यं वशात् नाना अर्थ योगयो:

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

द्रव्यमूर्ध्वगमं तत्र प्रायोऽग्नि पवनोऽट्कटम्

-- Translation -- द्रव्यम् ऊर्ध्वगमं तत्र प्राय: अग्नि पवन उत्कटम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

अधोगामि च भूयिष्ठं भूमि तोयगुणाधिकम्

-- Translation -- अधोगामि च भूयिष्ठं भूमि तोय गुण अधिकम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

चरकस्त्वाह वीर्यं तत् क्रियते येन या क्रिया

-- Translation -- चरकस्तु आह वीर्यं तत् क्रियते येन या क्रिया

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

नावीर्यं कुर्वते किचित् सर्वा वीर्यक्ता हि सा

-- Translation -- ना वीर्यं कुर्वते किचित् सर्वा वीर्य क्र्ता हि सा

· · ·

[ Sutra 12 ]

वीर्य पुनर्वदन्त्येके गुरु स्निग्धं हिमं मृदु लघु रूक्षोष्ण तीक्ष्णं च तदेवं मतमष्टधा

· · ·

[ Sutra 14-15 ]

गुर्वादिष्वेव वीर्याख्यं तेनान्वितास्ते वर्ण्यन्ते समग्र गुणसारेषु शक्त्युत्कर्षे विवर्तिषु व्यवहारीय मुख्यत्वादवहगग्रहणादापि

· · ·

-- Translation -- Why Rasa and Others are not called as Viryas?

· · ·

अतश्च विपरीतत्वात् संभाव्यतेऽपि नैव सा विवक्ष्यते रसादिषु, वीर्य गुरवादयो ह्यतः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dividha Viryas

· · ·

[ Sutra 17-18 ]

उष्णं शीतं द्विविधेवान्ये वीर्यमाचक्षते ऽपि च नानात्मकमपि द्रव्यं अग्नीषोमौ महाबलौ व्यक्ताव्यक्तं जगद्विति नातिकामति ज्ञातचित्

· · ·

तत्रोष्णं भ्रम तृट् ग्लानि स्वेद दाह आशुपाकिता: शमं च वातकफयो: करोति,

· · ·

शिशिरं पुन: हलादनं जीवनं स्तम्भं प्रसादं रक्तपित्तयो:

· · ·

[ Sutra 20 ]

जाठरेणाग्निना योगाद्द्रवते सान्तरम् रसानां परिणमन्ते स विपाक इति स्मृत: 20

· · ·

[ Sutra 21 ]

स्वादु:पटुश्च मधुरं, अम्लो अम्लं पच्यते रस: तिक्तोष्णकषायाणां विपाक: प्रायश: कटु: 21

· · ·

-- Translation -- So, generally, sweet and Salt tastes get converted into sweet taste Sour remains as sour and Bitter, pungent and astringent convert into pungent.

· · ·

रसेरसौ तुल्यफलस्तत्र द्रव्यं शुभाशुभम्

-- Translation -- The effects of the tastes, which are felt in the mouth and of the Vipaka (taste conversion after digestion) are similar. That means the effect of sweet taste and sweet Vipaka are similar. 21½.

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

किञ्चित् रसेन कुरुते कर्म पाकेन चापरम्

-- Translation -- Substances act by the action of taste or by Vipaka (taste conversion after digestion) or by the qualities that they posses (Guna (qualities)) or by Veerya (potency) or by special effects. 22

· · ·

[ Sutra 23 ]

यदयत् द्रव्ये रसादीनां बलवत्तवेन वर्तते

-- Translation -- Which ever the one that is powerul among them (Rasa, Guna, Vipaka, Virya and Prabhava) it

· · ·

अभिभूय इतरान्स्तत् कारणत्वं प्रदर्शयते

-- Translation -- suppresses all the other qualities to exhibit special influence and action.

· · ·

विरुद्ध गुण संयोगे भूयसाल्प हि जीयते

-- Translation -- In case of combination of two opposite qualities, the strong one vanquishes the weak. 23½ - 24.

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

रसं विपाकस्तौ वीर्य प्रभवस्तान्पोहति

-- Translation -- When two opposing qualities are present in equal strength, in that situation, Vipaka (taste conversion after digestion) wins over Rasa (taste);

· · ·

बलसाम्ये रसादीनामिति नैसर्गिकं बलम्

-- Translation -- Veerya (potency) wins over (Rasa (taste) and Vipaka and Prabhava (special effect) wins over all of them (Rasa, Vipaka and Veerya) This is the pattern of natural strength. 25.

· · ·

रसादिसाम्ये यत् कर्म विशिष्टं तत् प्रभावजम्

-- Translation -- Special action exhibited by a substance over-ruling Rasa (taste), Guna (qualities), Vipaka (taste conversion after digestion) and Veerya (potency) is Prabhava.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Though Rasa, Guna, Vipaka, and Veerya in a drug may be similar, sometimes the herb may exhibit entirely different action opposite to these qualities. That special effect of the drug over-ruling inherent qualities is called as Prabhava.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Example -

· · ·

दन्ती रसाद्यैस्तुल्यापि चित्रकस्य विरेचनी मधुकस्य च मृतवीका, घृतं क्षीरस्य दीपनम्

-- Translation -- Danti and Chitraka - Though Danti - Baliospermum montanum is identical with Chitraka (plumbago zeylanica) in respect of Rasa (taste) etc, Danti is a purgative while Chitraka is not. Hence, purgation is the Prabhava of Danti.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Similarly so, are Madhuka - Licorice - Glycyrrhiza glabra) and Mrdvika (grapes) Madhuka and dry grapes - both have similar qualities. But dry grape has mild purgative action, but Madhuka does not.

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-- Translation -- Milk and ghee - both possess similar qualities. But ghee increases digestion strength but milk does not. Hence increasing digestion strength is the special effect of ghee. 26.

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-- Translation -- Vichitra Pratyayardha Dravya - extraordinary substances:-

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इति सामान्यतः कर्म द्रव्यादीनां, पुनश्च तत् विचित्र प्रत्ययारब्ध गोधूमो वातजित् वातकृत् यवः उष्णा मत्स्याः पयः शीतं कटुः सिंहो न शूकरः

-- Translation -- A special category, known as Vichitra Pratyarabda exists. It means - born out of peculiar combination of peculiar factors.

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-- Translation -- For example: both wheat and barley possess sweat and heaviness qualities yet wheat mitigates Vata but barley aggravates it.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Fish and milk are sweet and heavy but still milk is cool and fish is hot.

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-- Translation -- Meat of lion and meat of pig both are sweet in taste but still lion meat has Katu Vipaka (pungent taste conversion after digestion) and pig meat has sweet Vipaka (taste conversion after digestion).

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-- Translation -- Thus ends Dravyadi Vijnaniya chapter of Astanga Hrudaya Sutrastana.

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[ Sutra 1 ]

क्षमा्म्बो अग्नि क्षमा अम्बुतेजः ख वायु अग्न्यानिलगोनिलैः । द्रव्योैल्बणैः क्रमात् भूतैः मधुरादि रसोद्भवः ॥

-- Translation -- The tastes are formed due to the combination of two Bhutas (primary elements). Madhura (sweet) - Prithvi + Ap (earth + water) Amla (sour) - Tejas + Ap (fire + water) Lavana (salt) - Ap + Tejas (water + fire) Tikta (bitter) - Akasa + Vayu (ether + air) Katu (pungent) - Tejas + Vayu (Fire and air) Kashaya (astringent) - Prithvi + Vayu (earth + air) - 1.

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[ Sutra 2 ]

तेषां विदयात् द्रसं स्वादुं यो वक्त्रमनुलिम्पति आस्वादयमानो देहस्य हलादनो अक्षप्रसादनः प्रियः पिपीलिकादीनम्

-- Translation -- Swadu / Madhura (sweet) is understood by its sticking in the oral cavity, providing a feeling of contentment and pleasure to the body and comfort to the sense organs. It is liked even by ants 2.

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[ Sutra 3 ]

अम्लः क्षालयते मुखम् हर्षणो रोमदन्तानां अक्षिभ्रुवनिकोचनः

-- Translation -- Amla (sour) makes the mouth watery, causes horripilation, tingling of the teeth and leads to closing of the eyes and brows. 3.

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लवणः स्यन्दयत्यास्यं कपोलगलदाहकृत्

-- Translation -- Lavana (salt) causes more moisture in the mouth (increase salivation) and burning sensation in the cheeks and throat. 3½.

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[ Sutra 4 ]

तिक्तो विशदयत्यास्यं रसं प्रतिहन्ति च

-- Translation -- Tikta (bitter) cleanses the mouth and destroys the organs of taste (makes perception of other tastes impossible). 4.

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[ Sutra 5 ]

उद्वेजयति जिह्वाग्रं कुर्वन्शिरसि चिमिचिमां कटुः | सावयति अक्षिनासास्यं कपोलौ दहततीव च

-- Translation -- Katu (pungent) stimulates the tip of the tongue, causes irritation, brings out secretions from the eyes, nose and mouth and causes burning sensation of the cheeks. 5

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[ Sutra 5½ ]

कषायो जडयेत् जिह्वां कण्ठसतो वि बन्धकृत्

-- Translation -- Kashaya (astringent) inactivates the tongue (diminishes capacity of taste perception) and causes obstructions of the passage in the throat. 5½.

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मधुरो रसः | आजन्मसात्म्यात्‌ कुरुते धातून्‌ प्रबलं बलम्‌ | बालवृद्ध क्षत क्षीण वर्ण केश इन्द्रिय ओजसाम्‌ | प्रशस्तो बृहणः कण्ठ्यः स्तन्य संधानकृत् गुरुः | आयुष्यो जीवनः स्निग्धः पित्तानिल विषापहः

-- Translation -- Sweet taste being accustomed since birth, produces greater strength in the body tissues. It is very good for children, the aged, the wounded, the emaciated, improves skin complexion, hairs, strength of sense organs and Ojas (essence of the tissues, immunity). Sweet taste causes stoutness of the body, good for the throat, increases breast milk, unites fractured bones.

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-- Translation -- Sweet taste is not easily digestible, prolongs life, helps life activities; It is unctuous, mitigates Pitta, Vata and Visha (poison). By excess use it produces diseases arising from fat and Kapha, obesity, Asthma, unconsciousness, diabetes, enlargements of glands of the neck, malignant tumour (cancer) and such others. 7-9

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अम्लोऽग्निदीपन:स्त्रिग्धो हृद्य: पाचनरोचन: | उष्णवीर्यं हिमस्पर्श: प्रीणन: क्लेदनो लघु: | करोति कफपित्तासृङ्मूढवातानुलोमन: ||

-- Translation -- Amla (sour) stimulates the Agni - (digestive activity), is unctuous, good for the heart, digestive, appetizer, hot in potency, cold on touch (coolant on external applications, relieves burning sensation), Sour taste satiates, causes moistening, it is easy for digestion, causes aggravation of Kapha, Pitta and Asra (blood) and makes the inactive Vata move downwards.

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स अत्यभ्यस्तस्तनो: कुर्यात्शैथिल्यं तिमिरं भ्रमम् | कण्डु पाण्डुतव विसर्प शोफ विस्फोट तृट ज्वरान् ||

-- Translation -- Sour taste if used in excess, causes looseness of the body, loss of strength, blindness, giddiness, itching (irritation), pallor (whitish yellow discoloration as in anaemia), Visarpa - Herpes, spreading skin disease, swellings, Visphota (small pox), thirst and fevers. 10 - 11½.

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लवण: स्तम्भ सङ्घात बन्ध विध्मापनो अग्निकृत् | स्नेहान: स्वेदन: तीक्ष्णो रोचनश्छेदभेदकृत् || स अतीयुक्तो असृपवनं खालितां पलितं वलिम् | तृट कुष्ठ विष विसर्पान जनयेत्क्षयपयेद बलम् ||

-- Translation -- Lavana (salt) relieves rigidity, clears the obstructions of the channels and pores, increases digestive activity, lubricates, causes sweating, penetrates deep into the tissues, improves taste, new growth, abscess etc.). Used in excess, it causes vitiation of Asra (blood) and Vata, causes baldness, graying of hair, wrinkles of the skin, thirst, skin diseases, effect of poison, Visarpa - Herpes, spreading skin disease and decrease of strength of the body. 12 - 13.

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तिक्त: स्वयं अरौचिष्ण: अरुचिं कृमि तृट विषम् | कुष्ठ मूर्छा ज्वरोत्क्लेशदाह पित्त कफान् जयेत् | क्लेद मेदो वसा मज्जा शकुन्मूत्रोपशोषण: ||

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लघुर्मध्यो हिमो रूक्षः स्तन्यकफण्ठविशोधनः| धातुक्षय अनिलव्याधीन् अतियोगात्करोति सः

-- Translation -- Bitter taste: Tikta by itself is not tasty, but it cures anorexia, worms, thirst, poison, skin diseases, loss of consciousness, fever, nausea, burning sensations; Bitter mitigates Pitta and Kapha, dries up moisture, fat, muscle-fat marrow, faeces and urine; Tikta Rasa is easily digestible, increases intelligence, cold in potency, dry (causes dryness), cleanses breast milk, and throat. Used in excess, it causes depletioin of Dhatus (tissues) and diseases of Vata origin. 14 - 16.

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कटुः गलामय उदर्द कुष्ठ अलसक शोषजित् | व्रण अवसादनः स्नेहेमेदः क्लेदोपशोषणः | दीपनः पाचनो रुचयः शोधनो अन्नस्य शोषणः | छिन्द्नाति बन्धान् सोतांसि विवृणोति कफापहः | कुरुते सो अतियोगेन तृष्णां शुक्रबलक्षयम् | मूर्छ्छा ओंकारुण्चन कम्प कोटि्ठशूलादि व्र्यथाम्

-- Translation -- Pungent cures diseases of throat, allergic rashes, leprosy and other skin diseases, Alasaka (a kind of indigestion), swelling (oedema); reduces the swelling of the ulcers, dries up the unctuousness (greasiness), fat, and moisture (water); Pungent taste increases hunger, it is digestive, improves taste, Shodhana (cleansing, eliminates the Doshas), dries up moisture of the food, breaks up hard masses, dilates (expands) the channels and balances Kapha. By over use, it causes thirst, depletion of Sukra (reproductive element, sperm) and strength, fainting (loss of consciousness) contractures, tremors and pain in the waist, back etc. 17 - 19.

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कषायः पित्तकफहा गुरुरस विशोधनः | पीडनो रोपणः शीतः क्लेद मेदोविशोषणः | आमसंसत्म्भनो ग्राहि रूक्षोअति त्वक्प्रसादनः

-- Translation -- Kashaya (astringent) balances Pitta and Kapha, it is not easily digestible; cleanses the blood, causes squeezing and healing of ulcers (wounds), has cold potency, dries up the moisture and fat, hinders the digestion of undigested food. Astringent taste is water absorbent, thereby causing constipation, drynessand cleanses the skin too much.

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करोति शीलितः स अति विष्टंभाध्मान हृदुजः

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तृट् काश्य पौंरुषभ्रंश स्रोतोरोध मलग्रहान्

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-- Translation -- Used in excess, it causes stasis of food without digestion, flatulence, pain in the heart region, thirst, emaciation, loss of virility, obstruction of the channels and constipation. 20 - 21½.

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-- Translation -- Madhura Gana – group of sweet substances:

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घृत हेम गुडाक्षोडमोचचोचपरुषकम्

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अभीरुवोरा पनस राजादनबलात्रयम्

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मेदे चतस्रः पर्णिन्योजीवन्ती जीवक ऋषभौ

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मधूकं मधुकं बिम्बी विदारी श्रावणीयुगम्

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क्षीर शुक्ला तुगाक्षीरी क्षीरिण्यौ काश्मरी सहै

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क्षीरेक्षुगुडक्षौद्राद्राक्षादिमधुरो गणः

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-- Translation -- Ghrita (ghee, butter fat), Hema (gold), Guda (molasses), Akshoda, Mocha, Chocha, Parushaka, Abhiru, Vira, Panasa, Rajadana, the three Bala (Bala, Atibala and Nagabala), The two Medas – Meda and Mahameda, The four Parni – Shalaparni, Prishnaparni, Mudgaparni, Mashaparni, Jivanti – Leptadenia reticulata, Jivaka – Malaxis acuminata D.Don / Microstylis wallichii Lindl. , Rishabhaka, Madhuka – Licorice - Glycyrrhiza glabra, Madhuka – Madhuka longifolia, Bimbi – Coccinia grandis / indica, Vidari – Pueraria tuberosa, the two Sravani – Mundi and Sravani, Ksherasukla, Tugaksiri, the two Ksheerini, Gambhari, the two Saha, milk, sugarcane, Gokshura, Ksaudra, Draksa etc. form the group of sweet substances. 22 - 24.

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-- Translation -- Amla Gana – group of sour substances:

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अम्लो धात्रीफलाम्लीकामातुलुङगाम्लवेतसम्

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दाडिमं रजतं तक्रं चुक्रं पालवतं दधि

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आम्रमामातकं भव्यं कपित्थं करमर्दकम्

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-- Translation -- Dhatriphala – Amla, Amika – tamarind, Matulunga,

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-- Translation -- Amlavetasa - Garcinia pedunculata Roxb. / Rheum emodi Wall.,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dadima - Pomegranate - Punica granatum,

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-- Translation -- Rajata (Silver), Buttermilk, Chukra, Palevata, Dadhi - Curds, Mango,

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-- Translation -- Amrataka,

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-- Translation -- Bhavya - Dillenia indica,

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-- Translation -- Kapittha - Feronia limonia / Limonia acidissima, Karamardaka etc. form the sour group. 25 - 26.

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-- Translation -- Lavana Gana - group of salts:-

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[ Sutra 27 ]

वर्ं सौरव्चलं कृष्णं बिडं सामुद्रमौद्दिदम्‌ रोमकं पांसुजं शीर्सं क्षारश्च लवणो गणः

-- Translation -- Varam (Saindhava - Rock Salt), Sauvarcala (sochal salt), Krishna (black salt) Bida salt, Samudra (table salt), Audbhida, Romaka, Pamshuja, Seesa (lead) and Kshara (Alkalies) form the salt group. 27.

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-- Translation -- Tikta Gana - group of bitters :-

· · ·

तिक्तः पदोली त्रायन्ती वालकोशीर चन्दनम्‌ भूनिम्बनिम्ब कटुका तगरा गुरुत्सकम्‌ नक्तमालां दविरञ्जनी मुस्त मूर्वाटरुपकम्‌ पाठापामार्गकांस्यायोगुडूचिधन्वयासकम्‌ पृथ्चमूलं महाद्व्याध्यौ विशाल अतिविषावचा

-- Translation -- Patoli, Trayanti - Gentiana kurroa, Valaka, Usira - Vetiveria zizanioides, Chandana - Sandalwood, Bhunimba - The creat (whole plant) - Andrographis paniculata, Nimba - Neem - Azadirachta indica, Katuka - Picrorhiza kurroa, Tagara - Indian Valerian (root) - Valeriana wallichi, Aguru, Vatsaka - Holarrhena antidysentirica, Naktamala, Turmeric and tree turmeric, Must - Nut grass (root) - Cyperus rotundus, Murva, Atarushaka - Adhatoda vasica, Patha - Cyclea peltata, Apamarga - Prickly Chaff Flower - Achyranthes aspera, Kamsya (bronze), Ayas (iron), Guduchi - Tinospora cordifolia

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dhanvayasaka,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mahat Pancamula - Bilva, Aghimantha, Shyonaka, Gambhari, Patalathe two Vyaghri - Brihati and Kantakari,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Visala, Ativisha, Vacha etc. form the group of bitters. 28 - 291/2.

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-- Translation -- Katu Gana - group of pungents:-

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[ Sutra 30 ]

कटुको हिङ्गु मरिचकृमिजित् पञ्चकोलकम्

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[ Sutra 30 ]

कुठेराध्या हरितका: पित्तं मूत्रमुष्करम्

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-- Translation -- Hingu- Asa foetida

· · ·

-- Translation -- Maricha - Black pepper,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Krimijit - Vidanga,

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-- Translation -- Panchakola - Chitraka, Pippalmoola, Pippali, Chitraka and ginger,

· · ·

-- Translation -- leafy vegetables such as Kuthera and others (mentioned in verse 103 of chapter 6 earlier), Pitta (bile of animals), Mutra (urine), Arushkara etc. form the pungent group. 30 - 301/2.

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-- Translation -- Kashaya Varga (Gana) - group of astringents:

· · ·

[ Sutra 31 ]

वर्ग:कषाय: पथ्याक्षं शिरीष: खदिरो मधु

· · ·

[ Sutra 31 ]

कदम्बोदुम्बर मुक्ताप्रवालोज्जनगौरकम्

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[ Sutra 32 ]

बालं कपित्थं खर्जूरं विसप्तोत्पलादि च

· ·

·

-- Translation -- Group of astringents consists of

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pathya - Chebulic Myrobalan (fruit rind) - Terminalia chebula,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aksha - Terminalia bellirica,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shireesa,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Khadira - Black catechu (heart wood extract) - Acacia catechu,

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-- Translation -- Madhu (honey), Kadamba, Udumbara,

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-- Translation -- Mukta (Pearls), Pravala (Coral),

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-- Translation -- Anjana - Aqueous extract of Berberis aristata (antimony),

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-- Translation -- Gairika - Purified Red Ochre,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bala kapittha,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Khajura - dates,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bisa - lotus stalk,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Padma - Nelumboium speciosum,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Utpala - Nymphaea stellata etc 311/2 - 32.

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मधुरं श्लेष्मलं प्रायो जीर्णाच्छालयवहते मुद्गात् गोधूमतः क्षौद्रात् सितायाः जाङ्गलामिषात्

· · ·

प्रायोऽम्लं पित्तजननं दाडिमामलकाहते

· · ·

अपथ्यं लवणं प्रायः चक्षुषोऽन्यत्र सैन्धवात्

· · ·

तिक्तं कटु च भूयिष्ठम् अवृष्यं वातकोपनम् ऋतेऽमृतापटोलेभ्यां शुण्ठीकृष्णा रसोनतः

· · ·

कषायं प्रायशः शीतं स्तम्भनं चाभ्यां विना

· · ·

रसाः कटवम्ललवणा विर्योष्णोष्णा यथोत्तरम्

-- Translation -- Katu (pungent), Amla (sour), Lavana (salt) are of hot potency (Ushna Veerya (potency), each one, more so in their succeeding order;

· · ·

तिक्तः कषायो मधुरस्तदवदेव च शीतलाः

-- Translation -- Similarly Tikta (bitter), Kashaya (astringent) and Madhura (sweet) are cold in potency, each one more in their succeeding order.

· · ·

तिक्तः कटुः कषायश्च रूक्षाः बृंढमलास्तथा

-- Translation -- Tikta (bitter), Katu (pungent) and Kashaya (astringent) are dry and cause constipation (each one more so in their succeeding order)

· · ·

पटु अम्लमधुराः स्निग्धाः सृष्टविण्मूत्रमारुताः

-- Translation -- while Patu (salt), Amla (sour), Madhura (sweet) are unctuous and help elimination of faeces, urine and flatus, each one more so in their succeeding order.

· · ·

पटुः कषायस्तस्माच्च मधुरः परमं गुरु:

-- Translation -- Patu (salt), Kashaya (astringent) and Madhura (sweet) are heavy to digest, each one more so in their succeeding order

· · ·

लघुरम्लः कटुस्तस्मात् तस्मादपि च तिक्तकः

-- Translation -- While Amla (sour), Katu (pungent) and Tikta (bitter) are easy to digest, each one more so in their succeeding order 36 - 38½.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 143

· · ·

संयोगा: सप्तपञ्चाशत्कल्पना तु त्रिषष्टिधा रसानां यौगिकत्वेन यथास्थूलं विभज्यते

-- Translation -- संयोगा: सप्तपञ्चाशत्कल्पना तु त्रिषष्टिधा रसानां यौगिकत्वेन यथास्थूलं विभज्यते

· · ·

एकैकहानौस्तान् पञ्चदश यान्ति रसे द्विके त्रिके स्वादूदेशाम्लः पट् त्रीन् पटुस्तिक्तकतं एककम् चतुष्केषु दश स्वादुश्चतुरोऽम्लनः पट्टः सकृत् पञ्चकेष्वेकमेवाम्लो मधुरः पञ्च सेवते द्रव्यमेकं षड्रसस्वादामसंयुक्ताश्च षड्रसा:

-- Translation -- एकैकहानौस्तान् पञ्चदश यान्ति रसे द्विके त्रिके स्वादूदेशाम्लः पट् त्रीन् पटुस्तिक्तकतं एककम् चतुष्केषु दश स्वादुश्चतुरोऽम्लनः पट्टः सकृत् पञ्चकेष्वेकमेवाम्लो मधुरः पञ्च सेवते द्रव्यमेकं षड्रसस्वादामसंयुक्ताश्च षड्रसा:

· · ·

षट् पञ्चका, षट् च पृथग्रसा: सुयुज्यन्ते'द्विकौ पञ्चदशप्रकारौ मेदास्त्रिका विशतिरेकमेव द्रव्यं षड्रसस्वादामिति त्रिषष्ट

-- Translation -- षट् पञ्चका, षट् च पृथग्रसा: सुयुज्यन्ते'द्विकौ पञ्चदशप्रकारौ मेदास्त्रिका विशतिरेकमेव द्रव्यं षड्रसस्वादामिति त्रिषष्ट

· · ·

-- Translation -- TO SUM UP

· · ·

-- Translation -- The combination of 5 rasas it is 6

· · ·

-- Translation -- 1 of six rasa individually

· · ·

-- Translation -- It is 15 of twos

· · ·

-- Translation -- It is 15 of fours

· · ·

-- Translation -- 20 of threes

· · ·

-- Translation -- 1 of all tastes together

· · ·

-- Translation -- Total = 63

· · ·

-- Translation -- Each taste separately = 6

· · ·

-- Translation --

1. Madhura

· · ·

-- Translation -- 2. Amla

· · ·

-- Translation -- 3. Lavana

· · ·

-- Translation -- 4. Katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 5. Tikta

· · ·

-- Translation -- 6. Kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- Combination of 2 tastes = 15

· · ·

-- Translation --

1. Madhura + amla

· · ·

-- Translation -- 2. Madhura + tikta

· · ·

-- Translation -- 3. Madhura + lavana

· · ·

-- Translation -- 4. Madhura + kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- 5. Madhura + katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 6. Amla + lavana

· · ·

-- Translation -- 7. Amla+ tikta

· · ·

-- Translation -- 8. Amla + katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 9. Amla +kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- 10. Lavana + tikta

· · ·

-- Translation -- 11. Lavana + katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 12. Lavana +kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- 13. Tikta + katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 14. Tikta+ kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- 15. Katu + kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- Combination of 3 tastes =20

· · ·

-- Translation --

1. Madhura + amla + lavana

· · ·

-- Translation -- 2. Madhura+ amla + tikta

· · ·

-- Translation -- 3. Madhura+ amla + katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 4. Madhura + amla + kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- 5. Madhura+ lavana + tikta

· · ·

-- Translation -- 6. Madhura + lavana + katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 7. Madhura+ lavana + kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- 8. Madhura + tikta + katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 9. Madhura+ tikta + kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- 10. Madhura + katu + kashaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- 11. Amla+ lavana + tikta

· · ·

-- Translation -- 12. Amla+ lavana + katu

· · ·

-- Translation -- 13. Amla+ lavana + kashaya

· · ·

[ Sutra 44 ]

ते रसानुरसतो रसभेदास्तारतम्यपरिकल्पनया च संभावनित गगनान समतीता दोषमेषजवशादुपयोज्या:

· · ·

दोषधातुमलं मूलं सदा देहस्य

-- Translation -- Dosha - Vata, Pitta and Kapha Dhatu - Body tissues - Rasa (lymph / product of digestion), Rakta (blood), Mamsa (muscle), Meda (fat), Asthi (bone), Majja (bone marrow) and Shukra (male and female reproductive secretions) Mala - waste products - sweat, urine and faeces Doshas, are the roots of the body. 1.

· · ·

तं चलः उत्साहोच्छवास निश्वास चेष्टावेगप्रवर्तनैः समयमगत्या च धातूनां अक्षाणां पाठवेन च अनुगृह्णाति अविकृतः

-- Translation -- Vata is responsible for all movements. (Movement of blood in blood vessels, movement of nutrients, movement of air in lungs, locomotion movements of hands and legs etc.) In its normal state Vata causes enthusiasm, Vatha Dosha regulates respiration process, Regulates all locomotor movements, Regulates all activities of mind, speech, initiation of natural urges (tears, faeces, urination, sneezing, coughing, vomiting yawning etc) maintenance of the Dhatus (tissues) in their normalcy and proper functioning of the sense organs.

· · ·

पित्तं पक्त्यूष्मदर्शनैः

· · ·

क्षुतृड्‌ रुचिप्रभामेधाधीशौर्यतनुमादवैः

· · ·

श्लेष्मा स्थिरत्वस्निग्धत्वसन्धिबन्धक्षमादिभिः

· · ·

प्रीणनं जीवनं लेपः स्नेहो धारणपूरणे

· · ·

गर्भोत्पादश्च धातूनां श्रेष्ठं कर्म क्रमा‌त् स्मृतम्‌ ४

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

अवष्टम्भः पुरीषस्य, मूत्रस्य क्लेदवहनम् स्वेदस्य क्लेदविधृति:

-- Translation -- Maintenance of strength of the body is the chief function of faeces; Elimination of moisture (water) is of urine, and Slow elimination of moisture is of the sweat.

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ½ - 6 ]

वृद्धस्तु कुरुते अनिलः:कार्श्यकाष्ण्योष्णकामित्वकम्पानाहशकृत्यग्रहान् बलनिद्रेन्द्रियभंशप्रलापभ्रमदीनताम्:

-- Translation -- Vata, when increased produces Karshya - emaciation, Karshnya - black discoloration, Ushnakamitva - desire for hot things, Kampa - tremors Anaha - bloating, fullness, distention of the abdomen, Shakrut Graha - constipation, Bala bhramsha - loss of strength, Nidra bhramsha - loss of sleep Indriya bhramsha - loss of sensory functions, Pralapa - irrelevant speech, Bhrama - Delusion, Dizziness giddiness Deenata - timidity (peevishness).

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ½ ]

पितवर्णमूत्रनेत्रत्वकक्षुत्‌तृड्दाहाल्पनिद्रता:पित्तम्

-- Translation -- Pitta when increased produces yellow discoloration of the faeces, urine, eyes, and skin; excess of hunger and thirst, feeling of burning sensation and very little sleep.

· · ·

श्लेष्मा अग्निसदनप्रसेकालस्यगौरवम् श्वैत्यशैत्यशलथाङ्गत्वं श्वासकासातिनिद्रता:

· · ·

रसो अपि श्लेष्मवत् रक्तं विसर्पप्लीहाविवृद्धिधीं कुष्ठवातास्रपित्तासृगुल्मोपकुशकामला: व्यङ्गाग्निनाशसमोहरक्ततत्वडनेत्रमूत्रता: मांसं गण्डाबुद्बुदग्रन्थिगण्डोरुदरवृद्धिता: कण्ठादिषु अधिमांसं च तद्वन्मेदस्तथा श्रमम् अल्पे अपि चेष्टिते श्वसं स्फिकस्तनोदरलम्बनम् अस्थ्यधयसस्थ्यधिदन्तांशच मज्जा नेत्राङ्गगौरवम् पर्वसु स्थूलमूलानि कुर्यात्कृच्छ्राणि अरुषि च अतिस्त्रीकामतां वृद्धं शुक्रं शुक्रमश्मरी अपि

· · ·

-- Translation -- Upakusa – a disease of the teeth,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kamala – jaundice,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vyanga – discoloured patch on the face,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Agninasha – loss of digestion strength

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sammoha – Coma, unconsciousness,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Red discoloration of the skin, eyes, and urine. 8 - 9.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Mamsa (muscle tissue), when increased produces

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ganda – cervical lymphadenitis

· · ·

-- Translation -- Granthi – tumor,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Increase in size of the cheeks, thighs, and abdomen,

· · ·

-- Translation -- over growth of muscles of the neck and other places 9 – 9½.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Medas (fat tissue), when produces similar symptoms and in addition, it causes fatigue, difficulty

· · ·

-- Translation -- in breathing even after little work,

· · ·

-- Translation -- drooping of the buttocks, breasts and abdomen. 9½ - 10.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Asthi (bone tissues), when increased causes overgrowth of bones and extra teeth. 10½.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Majja (marrow), when increased produces heaviness of the eyes and the body, increase of size

· · ·

-- Translation -- of the body joints and causes ulcers which are difficult to cure. 10½ - 11½.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shukra (semen) when increased produces great desire for the woman (sexual desire) and seminal

· · ·

-- Translation -- calculi (spermolith). 12.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Effects of increased waste products – Vriddha Mala Karma –

· · ·

[ Sutra 12½ ]

-- Translation -- Shakrit (feaces), when increased causes distension of abdomen, gurgling noise and feeling of

· · ·

[ Sutra 12½ ]

-- Translation -- heaviness. 12½

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

-- Translation -- Mutra (urine), when increased produces severe pain in the bladder and feeling of non-elimination

· · ·

[ Sutra 13 ]

-- Translation -- even after urination. 13

· · ·

[ Sutra 13½ ]

-- Translation -- Sweda (sweat) when increased produces excess of perspiration, foul smell and itching. 13½

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

कुक्षावाध्मानं आतोपं गौरवं वेदनां श्कृत् मूत्रं तु बस्तिनिस्तोदं कृतेऽप्यकृतसंज्ञताम्‌ स्वेदोऽतिस्वेदं दौर्गन्ध्यं कण्डू:

-- Translation -- कुक्षावाध्मानं आतोपं गौरवं वेदनां श्कृत् मूत्रं तु बस्तिनिस्तोदं कृतेऽप्यकृतसंज्ञताम्‌ स्वेदोऽतिस्वेदं दौर्गन्ध्यं कण्डू:

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

-- Translation -- The increase of Dushika (excretion of the eyes) and other waste products are to be understood by

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

-- Translation -- nothing their increased quantity, heaviness (of their sites) and such other symptoms. 14.

· · ·

[ Sutra 14 ]

एवं च लक्ष्येत दूषिकादीनपि मलान् बाहुल्यगुरुतादिभि:

-- Translation -- एवं च लक्ष्येत दूषिकादीनपि मलान् बाहुल्यगुरुतादिभि:

· · ·

लिङ्गं क्षीणे अनिले अड्गस्य सदो अल्प भाषिते हितम् संजामोहस्तथा श्लेष्मवृद्धियुक्तानामाशायसम्भवः:

· · ·

पित्ते मन्दो अनलः शीतं प्रभाहानि:

· · ·

कफे भ्रमः श्लेष्माशयानां शून्यत्वं हृद्द्रवः शलथसन्धिता

· · ·

रसे रूक्ष्यं श्रमः शोशो बलानिः शब्दासहिष्णुता रक्तेऽम्लत्वम् शिरःप्रणतिशिरारौथिल्यरुक्ता: मांसे अकस्ग्लानिगण्डस्फिक्शुष्कतासंधिवेदना: मेदसि स्वप्नं कटुया:प्लोहो वृद्धि: कृषीड़गता अथन्यास्थितोद: सदनं दन्तकेशनखादिषु अस्थ्नां मज्जनि सौषिर्यं भ्रमः तिमिरदर्शनम् शुक्रे चिरात् प्रसिच्येत शुक्रं शोणितमेव वा तदो अत्यर्थं वृषण्योमेंद्रं धूमायतीव च

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of Rasa dhatu produces dryness, fatigue, emaciation, exhaustion without any work and noise intolerance.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of Rakta produces desire for sour and cold things, loss of tension of veins (and arteries) and dryness. 17.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of Mamsa causes debility of the sense organs, emaciation of cheeks, buttocks and pain in the joints. 17½.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of Medas causes loss of sensation in the waist, enlargement of spleen and emaciation of the body. 18.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of Asthi causes pain in the joints, falling off of the teeth, hairs, nails etc. 18½.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of Majja causes hollowness (of the bones inside) giddiness and seeing of darkness 19.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of Shukra results in delay in ejaculation, ejaculation accompanied with bleeding, severe pain in the testicles and a feeling of hot fumes coming out of the urethra. 20.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Symptoms of decreased waste products –

· · ·

पुरीषे वायुरनत्राणि सशब्दो वैष्टयन्त्यनिव

· · ·

कुक्कौ भ्रमति यात्यूर्ध्वं हतपार्थो पीड्यन् भृशम्

· · ·

मूत्रे अल्पं मुत्रयेत्कृच्छ्रात् विवर्णं सामर्मेव वा

· · ·

स्वेदे रोमच्युति: स्तब्धत्वमाता स्फुटनं त्वच:

· · ·

मलानामति सूक्ष्माणां दुलक्ष्यं लक्ष्येत क्षयम्

· · ·

स्वमलायनसंशोषतोदशनू न्यतवलाच्च वै:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of faeces gives rise to gurgling noise in the intestines and bloating, vata moves in upward direction in the intestine causing discomfort and pain in the region of the heart and flanks. 21.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of urine causes scanty urination, dysuria, urine discoloration or hematuria. 21½.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of sweat leads to falling of hair, stiffness of hair and cracking of the skin. 22.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Decrease of Malas which are of little quantity is difficult to perceive, it should be inferred from the dryness, pricking pain, emptiness and tightness of their sites of production and elimination. 23.

· · ·

दोषादीनां यथास्वं च विद्रायाद् वृद्धिक्षयौ भिषक्

· · ·

क्षयेण विपरीतानां गुणानां वर्धनेन च

· · ·

वृद्धिं मलानां सङ्गाच्च क्षयं चानुमिति विस्रगत:

· · ·

-- Translation -- The decrease of Dosha Dhatu etc can be observed by the increase of opposite qualities. The increase of Dosha Dhatu etc can be observed by the increase of similar qualities. The increase of Malas is observed by their non-elimination (too much of waste product accumulation leading to obstruction) and their decrease by too much of elimination in little quantities. 23½ - 24½.

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

मलोचितत्त्वात् देहस्य क्षयो वृद्धिस्तु पीडनः

-- Translation -- Body being accustomed to accumulation of waste products (in intestines and bladder), the decrease of waste product formation is more troublesome than their increase. 25.

· · ·

[ Sutra 26-27 ]

तत्रास्थानी स्थितो वायु:, पित्तं तु स्वेदरक्तयोः श्लेष्मा शेषेषु, तेनैषां आश्रया आश्रयिणां मिथः येदकस्य तदन्यस्य वर्धनक्षपणौषधम् अस्थि मारुतयोः नैवं

-- Translation -- Vata resides in Asthi (bones) Pitta resides in Sweda (sweat) and Rakta (blood) Kapha resides in rest of the Dhatu and Mala. In case of Pitta and Kapha, when there is an increase of Pitta or Kapha, there is also respective increase of tissues and waste products associated with them. For example, if Pitta increases, then sweat and blood vitiation also increases. The same rule applies to decrease as well. But in case of Vata, if Vata decreases, then Asthi increases. They are inverse proportionately related with each other. 26 - 27.

· · ·

प्रायो वृद्धिर्हि तर्पणात् श्लेष्मणः अनग्नतस् तस्मात् सदृक्ष्यः तद्विपर्ययात् वायुना अनुगतोः तस्माच्च वृद्धिक्षय समृद्धवान् विकारान् साधयेत् शीघ्रं क्रमात् लङ्घनबृंहणैः वायोन्यत्र, तज्जास्तु तैरैव उत्क्रमयोजितैः

-- Translation -- The increase of Doshas, Dhatus and Mala is usually due to excess nutrition (Tarpana), which is followed later on with increase of Kapha. Whereas the decrease of Doshas, Dhatus and Malas is due to loss of nutrition which is followed, later with increase of Vayu (Vata).

· · ·

-- Translation -- Hence, the diseases arising from increase of Dosha and Dhatu should be usually treated quick by adopting Langhana (therapy causing thinning of the body, reducing the quantity)

· · ·

-- Translation -- The diseases arising from the decrease of Dosha and Dhatu should be treated with Brimhana therapy (causing stoutening the body, increasing the quantity etc.)

· · ·

-- Translation -- But in case of Vata, the order is reverse. If Vata is increased, then Brihmana therapy (nourishing therapy) should be adopted and if Vata decreases then Langhana therapy should be adopted. 28 - 29.

· · ·

विशेषादक्तवृध्द्यर्थान् रक्तसुतिकविरेचनैः:

· · ·

मांसवृद्धिभवान् रोगान् शस्त्रक्षाराग्निकर्मभिः

· · ·

स्थौल्यकार्श्योपचारेण मेदोजानिस्थसङ्ग्य्यात्

· · ·

जातानेकार्घृतैस्तिक्तकत्संयुक्तैस्तैर्बस्तिभिस्तथा

· · ·

विड्वृद्धिं जानतीसारक्रिया, विटक्षयोत्प्रवान्

· · ·

मेषजमध्यकुल्माषयवमाषादवयादिभिः:

· · ·

मूत्रवृद्धिक्षयोत्थांश्च मेहकृच्छ्रोचिकित्सया

· · ·

व्यायामाभ्यङ्गसवेदमध्यैः स्वेदक्षयोत्प्रवान्

· · ·

व्यायामाभ्यङ्गसवेदमध्यैः स्वेदक्षयोद्रवान्

· · ·

स्वस्थानस्थस्य कायाग्नेरंशा धातुषु संश्रिता:

· · ·

तेषां सादातिदीप्तिभ्यां धातुवृद्धिक्षयोद्भव:

· · ·

पूर्वो धातुः परं कुर्वन् वृद्धः क्षीणश्च तद्विधम्

· · ·

दोषा दुष्टा रसैर्धातून् दूषयन्ति उभये मलान्

· · ·

अधो दवे , सप्त शिरसि, खानि स्वेदवहानि च

· · ·

मला मलायनानि स्वयुर्यथास्वं तेष्वतो गदाः

· · ·

औजस्तु तेजोधातूनां शुक्रान्तानां परं स्मृतम्

· · ·

हृदयस्थमपि व्यापि देहस्थिति निबन्धनम्

· · ·

स्निग्धं सोमात्मकं शुद्धं ईषत् लोहितपीतकम्

· · ·

यन्नाशे नियतं नाशो यस्मिन्स्थिते तिष्ठति

· · ·

निष्पद्यन्ते यतो भावाः विविधा देहसंश्रया:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities of Oja -

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snigdha - unctuous, oily

· · ·

-- Translation -- Somatmaka - watery

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shuddha - clear (transparent),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ishat Lohita Peetakam - slight reddish yellow in colour;

· · ·

-- Translation -- Loss of Ojus leads to loss of life.

· · ·

-- Translation -- All aspects of health are related to Ojas.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Cause for decrease of Ojas

· · ·

ओजः क्षीयेत कोप क्षुत्तृथ्यानशोक श्रामादिभिः

· · ·

विभ्रमति दुर्बलोऽभीक्ष्णं ध्यायाति च व्यथितेन्द्रियः

· · ·

दुःछायो दुर्मना रूक्षो भवेत्क्षामश्च तत्क्षये

· · ·

जीवनीयौषधक्षीररसाद्यास्तत्र भेषजम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ojas undergoes decrease in quantity by anger, hunger (starvation), worry, grief, exertion etc.,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Symptoms of Ojas decrease -

· · ·

-- Translation -- The person becomes fretful, debilitated, repeatedly worries without any reason, feels discomfort

· · ·

-- Translation -- in sense organs, develops bad complexion, negative thoughts and dryness;

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment - Use of drugs of Jivaniya group (Enlivening) (mentioned in chapter 15) milk, meat

· · ·

-- Translation -- juice etc. 39 - 40.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Notes :- Many more causes of decrease of Ojas have been mentioned in other texts of Ayurdeva,

· · ·

-- Translation -- they are

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ativyayama - too much exercise

· · ·

-- Translation -- Anashana - fasting for long periods of time

· · ·

-- Translation -- Alpasana - eating less quantities of food

· · ·

-- Translation -- Rooksapana (intake of alcoholic beverages which cause dryness),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pramitasana (intake of mixture of good and bad foods),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bhaya (fear),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Prajagara (waking up at night),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Abhighata (injury),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Abhishanga (assault by evil spirits; micro organisms like bacteria, virus etc.), Dhatukshaya

· · ·

-- Translation -- (depletion of tissues such as by haemorrhage etc.),

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ativisarga (too much of elimination) of Kapha, Sonita (blood), Sukra (semen) and Mala (waste products);

· · ·

-- Translation -- Visha (ingestion of poison)

· · ·

-- Translation -- Increase of Ojas

· · ·

ओजोवृद्धौ हि देहस्य तुष्टिपुष्टिबलोदयः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Increase of Ojas makes for contentment, nourishment of the body and increase of strength. 41.

· · ·

यदन्नं द्वेष्टि यदपि प्रार्थ्येताविरोधि तु

· · ·

[ Sutra 42 ]

तत्त्यजन् समश्नंश्च तौ वृद्धिक्षयौ जयेत्

· · ·

कुर्वते हि रुचिं दोषा विपरीतसमन्वयोः

· · ·

[ Sutra 43 ]

वृद्धाः क्षीणाश्च भविष्यंथं लक्ष्यन्त्यबधास्त न

· · ·

यथाबलं यथास्वं च दोषा वृद्धा वितन्वते

· · ·

[ Sutra 44 ]

रूपाणि, जहाति क्षीणाः समाः स्वं कर्म कुर्वते

· · ·

यु एव देहस्य समा विधृदये तु पव दोषा विषमा वधायैव

· · ·

[ Sutra 45 ]

यस्मादतस्ते हितचर्यैयैव क्षयाद्विवृद्धिरिव रक्षणीयाः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Thus ends the chapter called Doshadi Vijnaneeya Adhyaya.

· · ·

-- Translation -- 12th chapter of Ashtanga Hrudaya Sutrasthana describes about location of Tridosha in the body, classification and functions of each type of Tridosha, causes for its increase or decrease etc. It is called as Dosabhediya Adhyaya.

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

पक्वाशयकटीसक्थिश्रोत्रास्थिस्पर्शनेंद्रियम् स्थानं वातस्य तत्रापि पक्वाधानं विशेषतः:

-- Translation -- Place of Tridosha - Doshasthana Place of Vata Dosha - Pakvasaya - large intestine, Kati - waist Sakthi - hip Shrotra - ear Asthi - bones Sparshanendriya - skin Special space - large intestine

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

नाभिरामाशयःस्वेदो लसीका रसोधिरं रसः । त्वक्स्पर्शनं च पित्तस्य नाभिरत्न विशेषतः:

-- Translation -- Place of Pitta Dosha - Nadhi – Umbilicus, Amashaya- stomach and small intestine, Sweda - sweat, Lasika- lymph, Rudhira - blood, Rasa- plasma, Druk - eye, and Sparshanam – skin, Special seat – Nabhi- region around the Umbilicus.

· · ·

उरः कण्ठशिरः क्लोमपर्वाणि आमशयो रसः । मेदोध्राणां च जिह्वा च कफस्य, सुतरामुरः:

-- Translation -- Place of Kapha - Ura - Chest , Kantha - throat ,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shira - head, Kloma - Pancreas?, Parvani - bone joints, Amashaya,- Stomach and small intestine, Rasa -plasma, Meda - fat Ghrana - nose and Jihva - tongue are the seats of Kapha, Special seat - Ura - chest. 3

· · ·

-- Translation -- 5 types of Vata -

· · ·

प्राणादिभेदात्पञ्चात्मा वायु:

-- Translation -- Vata is of 5 types. Prana Vata, Udana Vata, Vyana Vata, Samana Vata and Apana Vata,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Prana Vata -

· · ·

प्राणोऽन्नमूर्ध्वग:

-- Translation -- Prana is located in the head and moves in the chest, throat. It regulates will, heart, sense organs, intellect and vision. It is the cause for expectoration, sneezing, belching, inspiration and swallowing of food. 4

· · ·

उर:कण्ठचरो बुद्धीन्द्रियेचित्तधृक्‌

· · ·

ष्ठीवनक्षवथूदारनिः श्वासान्नप्रवेशकृत्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Udana Vata -

· · ·

उर: स्थानमुदानस्य नासानाभिगलाश्रयेत्

-- Translation -- The chest is the seat of Udana, it moves in the nose, umbilicus and throat; its functions are initiation of speech (vak), effort (Prayatna), enthusiasm (Urja), strength (bala) , color, complexion (varna) and memory (smruti) 5

· · ·

वाक्प्रवृत्तिप्रयत्नोर्जाबलवर्णस्मृतिक्रिय:

· · ·

व्यानो हृदिस्थितः कृत्स्नदेहचारो महाजवः

· · ·

गत्यपक्षेपणोत्क्षेपानिमेषोन्मेषणादिका:

· · ·

प्रायः सर्वाः क्रियास्तस्मिन् प्रतिबद्धाः शरीरिणाम्

· · ·

समानोऽग्निसमीपस्थः कोष्ठे चरति सर्वतः

· · ·

अन्नं गृह्णाति पचति विवेचयति मुञ्चति

· · ·

अपानोऽपानगः श्रोणिवस्तिमेदोरुगोचरः

· · ·

शुक्रार्तवशकृन्मूत्रगर्भनिष्क्रमणक्रियः

· · ·

पित्तं पञ्चात्मकं

· · ·

तत्र पक्वाशयमध्यगम्

· · ·

पक्चभूतात्मकत्वे ऽपि यत्तैजसगुणोदयात्

· · ·

त्यकक्त द्रवत्वं पाकादिकर्मणा ऽनलशब्दितम्

· · ·

पचत्यन्नं विभजते सारकिट्टौ पृथक तथा

· · ·

तत्स्थमेव पित्तानां शेषाणामप्यनुग्रहं

· · ·

करोति बलदानेन पाचकं नाम तत्स्मृतम्

· · ·

आमाशयाश्रयं पित्तं रञ्जकं रसरञ्जनात्

· · ·

बुद्धिमेधाभिमानदृऐ: अभिप्रेतार्थसाधनात्

· · ·

साधकं हृद्गतं पित्तं

· · ·

रूपालोचनतः स्मृतं

· · ·

ऐक्ष्यस्थमालोचकं

· · ·

त्वक्स्थं भाजकं भ्राजनात्त्वचः

-- Translation -- It resides in skin and helps exhibition of color and complexions. 14

· · ·

श्लेष्मा तु पञ्चधा

-- Translation -- Kapha also is of five types;

· · ·

उरःस्थः स त्रिकस्य स्ववीर्यतः हृदयस्यन्नवरीर्याच्च तत्स्थ एवबुकर्मीणा कफधाम्नां च शेषाणां यत्करोत्यवलम्बनम् । अतोऽवलम्बकः श्लेष्मा

-- Translation -- It is located in the chest and Trika pradesha - the meeting place of shoulder, neck and back;. By its innate strength and by the power of essence of food, it does lubrication, nourishing etc functions that are attributed to water element. It also influences the functioning of other types of Kapha. 15

· · ·

यस्त्वामाशय संस्थतः क्लेदकः सोऽन्नसङ्घातक्लेदकात्

-- Translation -- Located in the Amasaya - stomach. It moistens the hard food mass and helps in digestion.

· · ·

रसबोधनात् बोधको रसनास्थायी

-- Translation -- It is located in the tongue. It helps in taste perception.

· · ·

शिरः संस्थोऽक्षतर्पणात् तर्पकः

-- Translation -- It is ocated in the head. It nourishes sense organs.

· · ·

संधिसंश्लेषाच्छलेपकः सन्धिषु स्थितः

-- Translation -- It is located in the bone joints. It lubricates and strengthens the joint.

· · ·

इति प्रायेण दोषाणां स्थानान्यविकृतात्मनां᳒ व्यापिनामपि जानीयात्कर्माणि च पृथक्पृथक

-- Translation -- Though Tridosha is present all over the body, they are more dominant in specific areas of the body, as explained above.

· · ·

उष्णेन युक्ता रूक्षादया वायोः कुर्वन्ति सञ्चयम शीतेन कोपमुष्णेन शमं स्निग्धादयो गुणाः

-- Translation -- Hot along with dryness, movement, etc causes Vata Chaya. Coldness along with dryness causes Kopa. Snigdha (oilyness, unctuousness) and other qualities- Guru (heavy), Usna (hot) , pichila (stickiness), sthira (stability) etc. associated with hotness bring about its Shamana of Vata. 19

· · ·

शीतेन युक्ताः तीक्ष्णादयाः चयं पित्तस्य कुर्वते उष्णेन कोपं, मन्‍ददयाः शमं शीतोपसंहिताः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Teekshna (piercing, strong) and other qualities- dryness, lightness, etc associated with cold cause Chaya- mild increase of Pitta, The above qualities associated with hot, cause Kopa – profound increase of Pitta. Manda (viscous, mild) and other qualities like stickyness, stability etc, associated with cold bring about Pitta Shama- reduction back to normal. 20

· · ·

-- Translation -- Qualities that cause Chaya, Kopa and Shama of Pitta -

· · ·

शीतेन युक्ताः स्निग्धादयः कुवते श्लेष्मणश्चयम् उष्णेन कोपं, तेनैव गुणा रुक्षादयः शमम्

-- Translation -- Snigdha -(unctuous, oily) and others -heaviness, stickiness, mild, etc along with cold quality causes Kapha chaya. (mild increase) Same Snigdha – unctuous, oily etc qualities associated with Usna – hot cause Kapha Kopa Manda- dull and others- rough, dry, clarity, movement, lightness associated with cold quality bring about Kapha Shama- reduction to normal. 21

· · ·

-- Translation -- Overall,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata Dosha - Ushna (hot) + Ruksha (dryness) and associated qualities cause Vata Chaya Sheeta (cold) + Ruksha (dryness) and associated qualities cause Vata Kopa Ushna (hot) + Snigdha (unctuous, oily) and associated qualities cause Vata shama.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pitta Dosha Sheeta (cold) + Teekshna (piercing, strong) etc qualities cause Pitta Chaya Ushna (hot) + Teekshna (piercing, strong) etc qualities cause Pitta Kopa Sheeta (cold) + Manda (mild, dull) cause Pitta Shama.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kapha Dosha - Sheeta (Cold) + Snigdha (unctuous, oily) cause Kapha Chaya Ushna (hot) + Snigdha (unctuous, oily) cause Kapha Kopa Ushna (hot) + Rooksha (dryness) cause Kapha Shama

· · ·

-- Translation -- Levels of Dosha Increase and Decrease

· · ·

-- Translation -- Chaya

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

चयो वृद्धि: स्वधाम्न्येव प्रद्वेषो वृद्धिहेतुषु २२ विपरीत गुणेच्छा च

-- Translation -- Chaya means slight increase of Dosha in its own place. It produces dislike against the things that would cause further increase of particular Dosha. It is a self defense mechanism of the body to avoid further increase of Dosha, which may lead to disease. 22

· · ·

कोपस्तु उन्मार्गगामिता लिङ्गानां दर्शन्‌ स्वेषामस्वास्थ्यं रोगसम्भवः

· · ·

स्वस्थानस्थस्य समता विकारासम्भवः शमः

· · ·

चयप्रकोपप्रशमा वायोग्रीष्मादिषु तृषु वर्षादिषु तु पित्तस्य, श्लेष्मणः शिशिरादिषु

· · ·

चीयते लघुरुक्षाभिरोषधीभिः समीरणः तदविधस्तदविविधं देहे कालस्यौष्ण्यान्न कुप्यति अद्‌ग्निमलविपाकाभिरोषधीभीशच तद्‌द्रशम्‌ पित्तं याति चयं कोपं न तु कालस्य शैत्यतः चीयतेऽसृङ्‌ग्धशौताभिरुदकौषधीभिः कफः तुल्यं अपि कालदेहे च स्कन्नं त्वन्न प्रकुप्यति

· · ·

इति कालस्वभावो अयमाहारदिवशात्पुनः

-- Translation -- So, activities and food habits can cause increase or decrease of Dosha. At the same time, seasonal effect also may cause Dosha increase or decrease. 28

· · ·

चयादीन् यान्ति सद्यो अपि दोषाः काले अपि वा न तु

· · ·

व्याप्नोतिसहसा देहामापादतलमस्तकम्

-- Translation -- When there is a flood, the water gushes into the cities very fast, but the reversal process is very slow. Similarly, the increased Doshas spread throughout body from foot to head to produce diseases but the decrease of Dosha and restoration of normalcy takes a very long time. 29

· · ·

निवर्त्तिते तु कुपितो म्लो अल्पल्पं जलौधवत्

· · ·

दोषा एव हि सर्वेषां रोगाणामेककारणम्

-- Translation -- Like a bird flying high in the sky cannot escape from its shadow, the root cause for disease lies in Tridosha. Even the mental qualities such as Satva, Raja and Tama are influenced by Tridosha. Dosha get vitiated, then cause vitiation of body tissues (Dhatu) and waste products (Mala) to cause disease. 32-34 ¼

· · ·

यथा पक्षि परिपतनं सर्वतः सर्वमप्यहः

· · ·

छायामत्येति नातिमीयां यथां वा कृत्स्नमप्यदः

· · ·

विकारजातं विविधं त्रीन् गुणान्नातिवर्तते

· · ·

तथा स्वधातुमलान्यनिमित्तमपि सर्वदा

· · ·

विकारजातं त्रिदोषान्

· · ·

तेषां कोपे तु कारणम्

-- Translation -- The causes of Dosha increase can be categorized as - Less involvement (heena yoga), - Wrong involvement (Mithya yoga) - Over involvement (Atiyoga)

· · ·

अर्थः असात्म्यैः संयोगः कालः कर्म च दुष्कृतम्

· · ·

हीनातिमिथ्यायोगेन भिद्यते तत्प्रसिद्धा

· · ·

-- Translation -- Of Artha – sense organs Kala – season Karma - action .

· · ·

-- Translation -- So, less, wrongful or more involvement of sense organs / seasons / action leads to Dosha imbalance. It is explained further.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Artha – Senses and their correlation:-

· · ·

हीनोऽर्थेन इन्द्रियस्य अल्पः संयोगः स्वेन नैव वा अतियोगोऽतिसंसर्गः सूक्ष्म भासुरभैरवम् अत्यासन्न अतिदूरस्थं विप्रियं विकृतादि च यदक्षणावीक्ष्यते रूपं मिथ्यायोगः स दारुणः एवामत्युच्च पत्यादीनिन्द्रियार्थान् यथायथम् विदयात्

-- Translation -- Hinayoga – Poor association of sense organs – insufficient, inadequate, contact or non- contact with the objects of senses- sound, touch, sight, taste and smell with their respective sense organs. For example, not at all hearing to sounds, or living in a low lit area etc Atiyoga is over indulgence. Seeing objects which are very minute, bright etc, gazing for a very long time, hearing to loud music etc. Mithya Yoga – wrong indulgence with sense organs – seeing / hearing frightening, very close, very far, disliked and abnormal objects etc. 36–38 ½

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kala – seasons:-

· · ·

कालस्तु शीतोष्णवर्षाभेदैस्त्रिधा मतः : स हीनो हीनशीतादिः अतियोगो अतिलक्षणः : मिथ्यायोगस्तु निर्दिष्टो विपरीतस्वलक्षणः

-- Translation -- Kala is of three kinds, cold, hot and rainy. Hinayoga of the Kala is – less cold in winter, less temperature in summer and less rain in rainy season. Atiyoga is – more rain in rainy season, more temperature in summer etc. Mithyayoga is manifestation of qualities opposites of the natural ones of the season. Example – rain during summer, cold weather during summer etc. 38 ½ 39

· · ·

कायवाङ्चित्ततभेदेन कर्मापि विशेषेतिविधा

· · ·

कायादिकर्मणां हीना प्रवृत्तिर्हीनसंज्ञक:

· · ·

अतियोगो अतिवृत्तिस्तु वेगोद्दीरणधारणम्

· · ·

विषमाड्गक्रियारम्भतनस्खलनादिकम्

· · ·

भाषणं सामिभुक्तस्य रागद्वेषभयादि च

· · ·

कर्म प्राणदिपातादि दशधा यच्च निन्दितम्

· · ·

मिथ्यायोग: समस्तो असाविह वा अमृत् वा कृतम्

· · ·

निदानमित्रवैषम्याणि, कुप्रतिस्थानकन्धा:

· · ·

कुर्वन्ति विविधान् व्याधीन् शाखा

· · ·

कोष्ठास्थिसन्धिषु

· · ·

शाखा रक्तादय: त्वक् च बाह्यरोगायन् हि तत् ४४

· · ·

तदाश्रया मषव्यङ्गगण्डालज्यबुद्बुदादय:

· · ·

बहिर्योगाश्च दुर्‍नामगुल्मशोफादयो गदा: ४५

· · ·

-- Translation -- Raktha- blood and others tissues (Blood, muscles, bone, fat, bone marrow and sex related secretions) and skin continue the Bahya Rogamarga - external pathway of disease. It is related with diseases such as moles, discolored patches on face, Gandalaji- goiter, glandular ulcer on the face, malignant tumors, hemorrhoids, abdominal tumor, swelling and other external diseases. 44 ½ -45

· · ·

अन्तः कोष्ठो महास्रोत आमपक्वाशयाश्रयः: तत् स्थानाः छर्द्दयतिसारकासश्वासोदरज्वराः: अन्तर्भागं च शोफार्शोगुल्मवीसर्पविद्राधिः

-- Translation -- Amashaya - stomach and small intestine, Pakwashaya - large intestine The above two, along with the entire gastro intestinal tract is called as Mahasrota. (The big channel). This constitutes the Anta Koshta. Diseases which affect this path are - vomiting, diarrhea, cough, dyspnea, enlargement of the abdomen, fever, dropsy, hemorrhoids, abdominal tumors, Visarpa (herpes), abscess etc. 46

· · ·

शिरोहृदयबस्त्यादिमर्माण्यस्थनां च सन्धयः: तन्निबद्धाः शिरास्नायुकण्डराद्याश्च मध्यमः: रोगमार्गः: स्थितास्तत्र यक्ष्मपक्षवधादिताः: मूर्धादिरोगाः सन्ध्यस्थितिकशूलग्रहादयः

-- Translation -- The head, heart, urinary bladder and such other vital organs, joints of bones, blood vessels, tendons, ligaments, nerves constitute the madhyama rogamarga. From it arise, consumption , hemiplegia, facial paralysis, diseases of the head and other organs, pain, stiffness- loss of movement of the joints, bones, waist etc. 47-48

· · ·

-- Translation -- Symptoms of Vata increase:

· · ·

[ Sutra 49-50 ]

संसव्यासव्यधस्वापासादरुक्तोदभेदनम् ४९ सड्गाड्गभड्गसड्कोचवर्तहर्षणतर्षणम् कम्पपारुष्यसौषिर्यशोषस्पन्दनवेष्टनम् ५० स्तम्भः कषायरसता वर्णः श्यावो अरुणो अपि वा कर्माणि वायोः

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sramsa - Ptosis- drooping down Vyasa - dilation Vyadha - cutting pain Swapa - loss of sensation Sada - weakness, loss of function Ruk - pain Toda - continuous pain Bhedanam - splitting pain Sanga - Constriction, Angabhanga - bodyache, Sankochana - shrinking of the organ, reduction in size Varta - twisting, Harshana - tingling sensation Tarshana - thirst Kampa - tremors Parushya - roughness Saushirya - feeling of empty Shosha - dryness Spandana - pulsating Veshtana - rigidity, as if tied Sthambha - stiffness Kashaya rasata - astringent taste in mouth Aruna, Shyava Varna - appearance of blue or crimson discoloration

• these are the abnormal signs and symptoms of increased Vayu -Vata. 49-50

· · ·

-- Translation -- Symptoms of Pitta increase -

· · ·

पित्तस्य दाहरागोष्मपाकिता:

· · ·

स्वेद: क्लेद: स्रुति: कोथ: सदनं मूर्च्छनं मद: कटुकाम्लौ रसौ वर्ण: पाण्डुरुणवर्जित:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Daha - burning sensation Raga - reddish discoloration Ushmapakita - heat, increase in temperature, formation of pus, ulcers Sveda - sweating Kleda - inflammation with wetness, moistness Sruti - inflammation with pus / oozing / secretions, exudation Kotha - putrefaction- decomposition Sadana - debility Murchana - fainting Mada - toxicity Katuka Amla Rasa - bitter and sour taste in the mouth Pandu Aruna Varjitaha - appearance of color other than yellowish white and crimson. 51- 52 ½

· · ·

श्लेष्मणः स्नेहकाठिन्यकण्डूशीतात्वगौरवम् बन्ध्योपलेपस्तैमित्यशोफापक्त्यतिनिद्रता वर्णः श्वेतो रसौ स्वादुलवणौ चिरकारिता

· · ·

[ Sutra 52 ½ -53 ]

-- Translation -- Sneha - unctuousness, oilyness Kathinya - hardness Kandu - itching Sheetatva - coldness Gaurava - heavyness Bandha - obstruction, Upaleps - coating, as if tied with a wet cloth Staimitya - stiffness, loss of movement Shopha - inflammation Apakti - indigestion, Atinidratā - excessive sleep Shveta varna - white discolouration Svadulavana rasa - sweet, salt taste in mouth Chirakarita - delay in all activities.

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[ Sutra 54 ]

इत्यशेषामयव्यापि यदुक्तं दोषलक्षणम् दर्शनेधैरबहिस्तत्सम्यगुपलक्षयेत् व्याध्यवस्थाविभागज्ञः पश्यन्नार्तान् प्रतिक्षणम्

-- Translation -- Thus are enumerated, the features, which appear in diseases, are to be recognized by the physician through inspection and others - methods of examination of patient.

· · ·

[ Sutra 55 ]

अभ्यासात्प्राप्यते हृष्टिः कर्मसिद्धिप्रकाशिनी रत्नादिसदसज्ज्ञां न शास्त्रादेव जायते

-- Translation -- To gain the knowledge of the different stages of disease the physician should observe the patient every minute.

· · ·

[ Sutra 56 ]

-- Translation -- is obtained from constant practice just as knowledge of determining the quality of gems is obtained only from- knowing the science.

· · ·

दृष्टापचारः काश्चित्काश्चित्पूर्वीपराधजः तत्सङ्कराद्वृतन्यो व्याधिरेव त्रिधा स्मृतः

· · ·

[ Sutra 57 ]

-- Translation -- Diseases are of three kinds viz, Karmaja Vyadhi - Includes Diseases that originate due to bad deeds of the past lives, or of present life or of both past and present lives. Usually the cause for such disease is not clearly known. 57

· · ·

यथानिदानं दोषोत्थः कर्मजो हेतुभविना महारम्भो अल्पके हेतावातडको दोषकर्मजः

-- Translation -- Doshaja Vyadhi - Diseases which arise from the specific causes, which lead to Dosha increase and then to disease manifestation. Doshakarmaja - combination of bad deeds and indulgence in causes of disease result in disease. Usually the symptoms are profound in this case. 58

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[ Sutra 58 ]

विपक्षशीलनात्पूर्वः कर्मजः कर्मसङ्ङ्ख्यात् गच्छत्युभयजन्मा तु दोषकर्मक्षयात्क्षयम्

-- Translation -- Treatment for such diseases: The Doshaja diseases get cured from indulgence in food, activities and medicine that have opposite qualities to the cause. Karmaja diseases get cured after the termination of the effects of such acts of previous / current lives. Dosha-Karmaja diseases get cured after the mitigation of Dosha and nullifying of effects of past deeds. 59

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[ Sutra 59 ]

द्विविधा स्वपरतन्न्रत्वादयाध्योआन्त्या: पूनर्द्विविधा पूर्वजा: पूर्वरूपाढ्या, जाता: पश्चादुपद्रवा:

-- Translation -- Two kinds of diseases - based on cause - Dvividha roga—

1. Svatantra Roga

· · ·

यथास्वजनमोपशया: स्वतन्त्रा: स्पष्टलक्षणा: विपरीतास्ततो अन्ये तु

-- Translation -- Svatantra Roga – independent/ primary – have their own specific causes, comforting methods and clearly manifest features.

· · ·

-- Translation -- It is further of two types.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Purvaja - premonitory symptoms - the symptoms that are seen at the initial stage of a disease

· · ·

-- Translation -- Updrava - complications of diseases. 60- 61

· · ·

विदयादेवं मलानपि तांल्लक्षयेदवहितो विकुर्‌वाणं प्रतिज्वरम्‌ । तेषां प्रधानप्रशमे प्रशमो अशाम्यतस्तथा पश्चाच्चिकित्सत्तुर्ण वा बलवन्तमुपद्रवम्‌ ॥ व्याधिकिलष्टशरीरस्य पीडाकरतो हि सः

-- Translation -- The secondary disease (Paratantra Roga) usually subsides when the primary diseases is treated. If they do not get subsided then, treatment has to be given- for the secondary diseases as well. If powerful, secondary affections should be treated soon because these- complication cause more troublers to the body which is already debilitated by the primary disease. 62-63

· · ·

[ Sutra 64 ]

विकार नाम अकुशलो न हि जिहीीयात् कदाचन । नहि सर्वविकाराणां नामतोऽस्ति ध्रुवा स्थितिः

॥६४॥

-- Translation -- The physician should never feel shy for not knowing the nomenclature of the disease, for there is no rule/ custom/ state, that every disease has a name. 64

· · ·

[ Sutra 65-66 ]

स एव कुपितो दोषः समुत्थानविशेषतः स्थानान्तराणि च प्राप्य विकारान् कुरुते बहून्‌ । तस्मादविकारप्रकृतिरधिष्ठानान्तराणि च बुद्ध्वा हेतुविशेषांश्च शीघ्रंकुर्यादुपक्रमम्‌

-- Translation -- The very same Doshas, depending upon the nature of the causative factors, travels to many parts of the body and produces many disease, hence treatment of the disease, its abode- site should be judged very quickly with the help of knowledge of the disease. 65-66

· · ·

[ Sutra 67-68 ]

दूष्यं देशं बलं कालं अनलं प्रकृति वयः । सत्वं सात्म्यं तथा आहारं अवस्थाश्च पृथग्विधाः ॥६७ सूक्ष्मं सूक्ष्माः समीक्ष्यैषां दोष औषध निरूपणे । यो वर्तते चिकित्सायां न स सफलति जातुचित् ॥६८

· · ·

-- Translation -- The physician should minutely examine and determine,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dushya - the Dhatus and Malas involved in a diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Desha - the area of the body where disease is manifested, the living place of the patient

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bala - strength of the patient

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kala- season, how old is the disease, age of the person etc.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Anala- digestive power of the patient

· · ·

-- Translation -- Prakriti- Body constitution,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vayas- age of the patient and disease,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Satva- mind, tolerance capacity of the patient

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sathmya- The food and activities to which the patient is accustomed to.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ahara- food habits and

· · ·

-- Translation -- Avastha- stages of the diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- The physician should watch for above factors to decide and then only, the physician should decide on the aggravated Dosha and its appropriate treatment. Such a doctor will never commit mistakes in treatment. 67-68

· · ·

[ Sutra 69 ]

गुर्वल्पव्याधिसंस्थानं सत्त्वदेहबलाबलात् ।

-- Translation -- The symptoms may be affected by the disease and also by the mental status of the patient. The strength of the disease varies based on strength and weakness of the mind and body of the patient. Hence the physician should be very attentive. 69.

· · ·

[ Sutra 70 ]

गुरुं लघुमिति व्याधिं कल्पयस्तु भिषग्रुवः ।

-- Translation -- The unintelligent physician, who determines a grievous disease as a mild one, goes wrong in treatment because of under estimating the condition the Dosha. 70

· · ·

[ Sutra 71-72 ]

तत्तो अल्पमल्पवीर्यं वा गुरुव्याधौ प्रयोजितम् ।

-- Translation -- He will administer drugs/ therapies in small doses. Such mild treatment causes worsening of the disease because of ineffective treatment. On the other hand, if the person over estimates the strength of the disease and over treats with Panchakarma and oral medicines, it will also trouble the health of the patient to a very great extent. 71- 72

· · ·

[ Sutra 73 ]

अतोऽभियुक्तः सततं सर्वमालोच्य सर्वथा ।

-- Translation -- Hence the physician should constantly study the science, determine the exact condition of all factors, all the time and then administer appropriate medicines and treatments. 73

· · ·

वक्ष्यन्ते अतः परं दोषा वृद्धिक्षयविभेदतःः पृथक् त्रीन् वृद्धिं संसर्गस्थित्रधा, तत्र तु तान्नव त्रीनेव संयाः वृद्धध्रयाः, षट्‌डेकस्यातिशायने त्रयोदश समस्तेषु षट् द्वयेकातिशयेन तु एकं तुल्याधिके: षट् च तारतम्यविकल्पनात् पञ्चविशतिमित्येवं वृद्धैः: क्षीणेेशच तावतः:

-- Translation -- The number of combinations of Dosha increase and decrease are 62. In their vriddhi they are - 3 individually, in the combination of two doshas they are 3, and 9 in total- 3 in equal proportion of increase, 6 with preponderance of one dosha; they are 13 in combination of all three together - 6 with preponderance of any one dosha, 1 with equal preponderance of all the three, 6 by disproportionate subdivisions; Thus in respect of vriddhi they are 25; Similarly in respect of kshaya they are 25.

· · ·

एकैकवृद्धिसमाताक्रयैः षट् ते पुनश्च षट् एकक्षयद्वन्द्ववृद्धध्रया सर्वपर्ययाः अपि ते

-- Translation -- In the combination of increase, normal and decrease of one dosha each will make up for 6 numbers Again they are 6 in the combination of decrease of 1 dosha and increase of 2 doshas

· · ·

[ Sutra 78 ]

भेदा द्वूविष्ठिटनिर्देष्टा: त्रिषष्टः: स्वास्थ्यकारणम्‌

-- Translation -- The number of combinations of Dosha increase and decrease are 62. The 63rd is the condition, where all the Doshas are in equilibrium, which is called as the state of health.

· · ·

[ Sutra 79 ]

संसर्गादसरुधिरादिभिस्तथैषां दोषाणां क्षयसमतावृद्धिभेदैः: आनन्त्यं तरतमभयोगतेश्च यातान्‌ जानोयादवहितमनसा यथास्वम्‌

-- Translation -- With the association of Rasa, Rakta etc and the level of increase or decrease of Doshas, there can be innumerable permutations and combinations. The physician should understand them by their features - signs and symptoms with an attentive mind.

· · ·

Thus ends the chapter known as Dosabhediya Adhyaya. 12th of Sutrasthana of Ashtanga Hridayam.

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

वातस्तोपक्रमः स्नेहःस्वेदः संशोधनं मृदु

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

स्वादाम्ललवणोष्णानि भोज्यानि अभ्यड्ग मर्दनम् ।

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

वेष्टनं त्रासनं सेको मद्यं पैष्टिकगौडिकम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

स्निग्धोष्णबस्तयो बस्तिनियमः सुखशीलिता ।

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

दीपनैः पाचनैः सिद्धा स्नेहाश्च अननेकयोनयः

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

विशेषात् मेदय पिशितरस तैलानुवासनम् ।

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

पित्तस्य सर्पिषः पानं स्वादुशीतैः विरेचनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

स्वादुतिक्तकशायाणि भोजनानि औषदानी च ।

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

सुगन्धिशीतहृद्यानां गन्धानामुपसेवनम् ।

· · ·

[ Sutra ६ ]

कर्पूरचन्दनौशैरैःअनुलेपः क्षणे क्षणे प्रदोषश्‍चन्द्रमाः सौदं हारि गीतं हिमो अनिलः

· · ·

[ Sutra ७ ]

अयन्त्रणसुखं मित्रं पुत्रः सन्िदग्धमुग्धवाक् छन्दानुवर्तिनो दाराः प्रियाः शील विभूषिताः

· · ·

[ Sutra ८ ]

शीताम्बुधारागर्भाणि गृहाणि उद्यान दीर्घिकाः सुतीर्थ विपुल स्वच्छसलिलाशय सैकते

· · ·

[ Sutra ९ ]

सोमभोजी तीरान्ते कायमाने दुमाकुले सोम्या भावाः पर्यः सर्पिर्विरेकश्‍च विशेषतः

· · ·

[ Sutra १० ]

श्लेष्मणा विधिना युक्त तीक्ष्णं वमनरेचनम् अनन्‍न रुक्शाल्पतीक्ष्णोष्णं कृतुबिक्तकषायकम्

· · ·

[ Sutra ११ ]

दीर्घकालस्थितं मद्यं रतिप्रीतिः प्रजागरः अनकरूपो व्यायामः चिन्ता रुक्शं विमर्दनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra १२ ]

विशोषितं वमनं युषः क्षौद्र मधौदनमौषधम् धूमोपवासगणूषणा निःसुखत्वं सुखाय च

· · ·

-- Translation -- keeping awake at night, Exercises of different kinds, Worry, Dry massage of the body; Vamana - emesis therapy, drinking of soups- of grains Use of honey, Therapies and medicines that reduce fat, Inhalation of medicinal smoke, Fasting, Gargling Facing difficulties 10-12

· · ·

उपक्रमः पृथक्‌दोषाणां योऽयमुपदिश्य कीर्तितः

-- Translation -- The different treatment prescribed for each Dosha individually, may be combined appropriately in conditions of combinations of two or three Doshas. 13

· · ·

[ Sutra १४ ]

ग्र्रीष्मः प्रायो मरुत्पित्ते वासन्त कफमारुते । मरुतो योगवाहित्वात्‌ कफपित्ते तु शारदः ॥१४॥

-- Translation -- Generally the treatment for the combination of Vata and Pitta is similar to the regimen of summer- described in Chapter 3. For Kapha and Vata combination treatment, it is similar to the regimen of Vasanta- spring because Maruta- Vata is Yogavahi; Yogavahi means, Vata, when associated with Pitta, boosts Pitta Dosha, when it is associated with Kapha, it boosts Kapha Dosha. For the combination of Kapha and Pitta the treatment shall be similar to the regimen of Sarad-Autum . 14

· · ·

[ Sutra १५ ]

चय एव जयेद्दोषं कुपितं तु अविरोधयन् । सर्वकोपे बलोयांसं शेषदोषं अविरोधतः ॥१५॥

-- Translation -- The Doshas should be treated properly when there are in Chaya stage (mild increase) only. In their stage of Kopa (Dosha enhanced imbalance), they should be vanquished without opposing / interfering with one another Dosha. When there is simultaneous enhanced increase (Kopa) of all the three Doshas, the most powerful / most aggravated Dosha should controlled first, without opposing the remaining Doshas. 15

· · ·

प्रयोगः शमयेद्याधिमेकं योऽन्यमुदीरयेत्‌

-- Translation -- That treatment which cures one disease and gives rise to another disease- sooner or later, is not Shuddha- pure/ good/appropriate; A pure treatment is that which cures one - diseases and does not give rise to another. 16

· · ·

व्यायामात् ऊष्मणः तैक्ष्ण्यात् अहिताचरणादपि कोष्ठाच्छाखास्थिमर्म्माणि द्रुतत्वान्मारुतस्य च

· · ·

दोषा यान्ति तथा तेभ्यः सोतोमुखविशोधनात् वृद्ध्यै अभिष्यन्दनात्पाकात्कोष्ठं वायोश्च निग्रहात् तत्स्थाश्च विलम्बेरन् भूयो हेतुप्रतीक्षणः: ते कालादिबलं लब्ध्वा कुप्यन्ति अन्याश्रयेष्वपि

· · ·

तत्रान्य स्थानसंस्थेषु तदीयामबलेषु तु कुर्व्याच्चिकित्सां स्वामेव बलेज्ञान्यामिमाविदु

· · ·

आगन्तुं शमयेद्दोष्षः स्थानिनं प्रतिकृत्य वा

· · ·

प्रायस्तिर्यग्गता दोषा: क्लेशयन्त्यातुरांश्चिरम् कुर्यान्न तेषु त्वरया देहाग्निबलवित्तं क्रियाम् शमयेतान् प्रयोगेण सुखं वा कोष्ठमानयेत् ज्ञात्वा कोष्ठप्रपन्नांश्च यथासन्नं विनिहरेत्

· · ·

स्रोतोरोधो बलभ्रंशो गौरवं अनिलमूढता: आलस्यापक्तिनिष्ठीववमथ्सङ्गारुचिक्लमाः लिङ्गं मलानां सामानां निरामाणां विपर्ययः

· · ·

ऊष्मणो अल्पबलत्वेन धातुमाद्यं अपाचितम् दुष्टं आमाशयगतं रसमामं प्रचक्षते

· · ·

-- Translation -- Due to lack of digestion strength, The Rasa Dhatu does not form well, it remains in raw, weak form. It gets vitiated, it stays in the Amashaya (stomach and intestines) itself, and becomes 'Ama'.

· · ·

अन्ये दोषेभ्योऽवतिदुष्टेभ्यो अन्योन्य मूर्छ्छनात् कोद्रवेभ्यो विषस्येव वदन्त्यामस्य सम्भवम्

-- Translation -- Other authors opine that Ama gets formed from intimate mixing with one another of greatly increased Doshas.

· · ·

साम निरुक्ति

· · ·

आमेन तेन सम्पृक्ता दोषा दूष्याश्च दूषिता: सामा इत्युपदिश्यन्ते ये च रोगास्तदुद्भवा:

-- Translation -- The Doshas and Dusyas (the Dhatus and Malas) which get mixed with this Ama are designated as Sama - mixed with Ama; The diseases originating from this Saama dosha are called as Saama Vyadhi.

· · ·

Saama Dosha chikitsa-treatment of Sama Doshas :-

· · ·

सर्वदेह प्रविसृटान सामान दोषान निर्हरेत् लीनान धातुषु अनुत्क्लिष्टान फलादाम्रसनिव आश्रयस्य हि नाशाय ते स्पु: दुर्निहरत्वत:

-- Translation -- The Sama Doshas which are spread all over the body, which are lurking in the Dhatus and which are not moving out of their places of accumulation, should not be forced out by purification Panchakarma therapies like emesis, purgations etc. Just as attempts of extracting juice from an unripe fruit leads to destruction, the dwelling place itself will get destroyed if Doshas are tried to expel out along with Ama.

· · ·

Right approach in Sama Dosha treatment - Sama Doshas should be treated

· · ·

पाचनैर्दीपने: स्नेहैस्तान् स्वेदैश्च परिष्कृतान शोधयेत् शोधनै: काले यथासन्नं यथाबलम्

-- Translation --

• first with drugs which are digestive and which increase hunger; - next with oleation and sudation therapies (Snehana, Svedana) and - finally they should be expelled out with Shodhana therapies- emesis, purgation at the proper time, and in accordance with the strength of the patient.

· · ·

हत्याशु युक्तं वक्त्रेण द्रव्यमामाशयन्मलान गृह्णेन चोर्ध्वजत्रूस्थान् पक्वाधानाद्गुदेन च

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 182

· · ·

-- Translation -- Drugs administered through the mouth, bring out the Malas-Doshas from the Amasaya- stomach and small intestines; Drugs administered through the nose bring out the Doshas from the parts above the shoulders and Drugs administered through the rectum bring out the Doshas from the Pakvasaya - large intestine.

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

-- Translation -- 30

· · ·

उत्क्लष्टानध ऊर्ध्वं वा न चामान्वहतः स्वयम्‌

-- Translation -- Saama Doshas which are greatly increased and going out of the body on their own accord, either in the upward or downward routes- vomiting and purging respectively should not be stopped by medicines, for they produce diseases, if they are stopped.

· · ·

[ Sutra 31 ]

धारयेदौषधैर्दोषान्‌ विधृतास्ते हि रोगदा:

-- Translation -- 31

· · ·

प्रवृत्तान्‌ प्रागतो दोषानुपेक्षेत हिताशिनः

-- Translation -- Such Doshas which are going out should be ignored in the early stage and the patient should be given suitable foods- light food; Next in the second stage they should be cooked with digestive drugs or removed out by purification (Panchakarma) therapies.

· · ·

[ Sutra 32 ]

विबद्धान्‌ पाचनैस्तैःैः पाचयेनिर्‌हरेत वा

-- Translation -- 32

· · ·

-- Translation -- Time for eliminating Dosha out of the body -

· · ·

[ Sutra 33 ]

श्रावणे कार्तिके चैत्रे मासि साधारणे क्रमात्‌ 33

-- Translation -- Vata which undergoes mild increase (Chaya) in Greeshma (summer) should be removed from the body (by basti- enema) in Shravana masa (August) Pitta which undergoes mild increase in Varsha (rainy season), should be expelled out of the body in kartika Month (by Virechana - purgation) Kapha which undergoes mild increase in Shishira (winter) should be expelled out in Chaitra month (April) by Vamana.

· · ·

ग्रीष्मवर्षाहिमाचितान्‌ वाय्वादीन्‌ आशु निर्‌हरेत्‌

-- Translation -- 33

· · ·

अत्युष्णवर्षशीताः हि ग्रीष्मवर्षाहिमागमाः

-- Translation -- Greeshma, Varsā and Hemanta [summer, rainy season and winter]- have too much of heat, rain and cold respectively; in the period in between these, known as Sadharana Kala; the Doshas should be cleared out.

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

सन्ध्यौ साधारणे तेषां दुष्टान्‌ दोषान्‌ विशोधयेत्‌

-- Translation -- 34

· · ·

कृत्वा शीतोणवृष्टीनां प्रतीकारं यथायथम्‌

-- Translation -- After having overcome the effects of cold, hot and rainy seasons suitably- by adopting appropriate protective methods necessary treatment - therapies should be administered;

· · ·

प्रयोजयेत्क्रियाः प्राप्तं क्रियाकालं न हापयेत्‌

· · ·

-- Translation -- The Kriyakala- period of abnormal activity, stages of disease evolution should not be allowed to progress- further. 36

· · ·

[ Sutra 37 ]

युञ्ज्यादनन्नमनन्नादौ मध्ये अन्ते कवलान्तरे । ग्रासे ग्रासे मुहुः सान्नं सामुद्रं निशि चौषधम् ॥

-- Translation -- Medicines should be administered, 1. ananna - on empty / when there is no food- in the stomach ; 2. annadau - just before food or at the beginning of food intake, 3. anna madhye - during / in between food intake 4. anna ante - at the end of food intake. 5. kavalanatare - in between morsels 6. grase grase - with each morsel 7. muhu: - repeatedly, many a times a day 8. sa annam - mixed with food 9. samudgam - before and after food 10 nishi - at night, bed time

· · ·

कफोद्रेके गदे अनन्नं बलिनो रोगरोगिणोः । अनन्नादौ विगुणे आपने, समाने मध्य ईष्यते ॥ व्याने अन्ते प्रातराशस्य, सायमाशस्य तुत्तरे । ग्रास्यग्रासान्तयोः प्राणे प्रडुष्टे मातरिश्वनि ॥ मुहुर्मुहुर्विषच्छर्दिहिध्मातृट्श्वासकासिषु । योज्यं संहोज्यं भेषज्यं भोज्यैषितैत्रैररौचके । कम्पाक्षेपहिध्मासु सामुद्रं लघुभोजिनाम् । ऊर्ध्वजत्रुविकारेषु स्वप्नकाले प्रशस्यते ॥

-- Translation -- Medicines should be administered, 1. Ananna - on empty stomach - For diseases arising from increase of Kapha, which are severe and for persons who are strong, the time of administration of medicine shall be when there is no food- in the stomach ; 2. Annadau - just before food or at the beginning of food intake - in disorders of Apanavata, 3. Anna Madhye - During / in between food intake - in disorders of Samana vata 4. Anna ante - at the end of food intake - in disorders of Vyana vata at the end of the morning meal, in disorders of Udana vata at the end of evening meal. 5. Kavalanatare - in between morsels - in disorders of Prana- vata 6. Grase Grase - With each morsel - in anorexia, loss of taste it shall be mixed with different kinds of tasty foods 7. Muhu: - Repeatedly, many a times a day - in diseases produced by poison, vomiting, hiccup, thirst, dysponea and cough 8. Sa annam - Mixed with food - in anorexia 9. Samudgam - before and after food - in tremors, Akshepaka (convulsions), Hiccup, 10 Nishi - at night, bed time - for diseases affecting head and neck. 37

· · ·

-- Translation -- Thus ends 13th chapter.

· · ·

-- Translation -- We are discussing two main kinds of Ayurveda treatments. Any treatment can be broadly classified either as stoutening / nourishing OR as emaciating. The 14th chapter of Ashtanga Hrudaya Sutrasthana is called as Dvividha Upakramaneeya Adhyaya. Dvividha means 2 types. Upakrama means treatment. Let us explore further.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Dvividha Upakarma- two kinds of therapy :-

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

उपक्रम्यस्य हि द्वित्वाद् द्विविधोपक्रमो मतः । एकः संतर्पणस्तत्र द्विवतीयाश्चापतर्पणः ॥ १ बृंहणो लाघनश्चेति तत्पर्यायावुदाहृतौ । बृंहणं यदबृंहत्वाय लाघनं लाघवाय यत् ॥ २ देहस्य

-- Translation -- Because, that to be treated, the human body is of two types – Obese and lean, the treatment is also of two kinds.

· · ·

[ Sutra 1-2 ]

-- Translation --

1. Santarpana- nourishing, enriching. It is also called as Brihman (Stoutening, increasing weight, imparting heaviness) 2. Apartarpana -depleting, cleansing. It is also called as Langhana (fasting, losing weight, imparting lightness etc).

· · ·

भवतः प्रायो भूमापमितरज्च ते ।

-- Translation -- Generally, Brihmana treatment is dominant with Prithvi (Earth element) and ap (water element). Langhana is dominant with the rest three elements (Fire, air and ether).

· · ·

[ Sutra 3-3 ½ ]

स्नेहनं रुक्षणं कर्म स्वेदनं स्तम्भनं च यत् । भूतानां तदोपदेवद्रव्याद्वैविध्यं निगतवत्त ॥

-- Translation -- Functions such as Snehana (oleation/ lubrication) and Rukshana – (imparting dryness), Swedana- (sweating therapy, sudation, diaphoresis), Sthambhana- (withholding, obstructing) are also of these two kinds- Brihmana and Langhana. Snehana and Sthambhana can be categorized as Brihmana and Rukshana and Swedana can be categorized as Langhana Thus all functions are not apart from two .

· · ·

-- Translation -- Langhana therapy imparts lightness to the body. It makes the body thin and light. It is of two types.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vatala – Person with Vata body type.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Garbhini – pregnant

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sutika -the women who has delivered,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Bala - children,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vruddha – the aged and

· · ·

-- Translation -- Greeshme – in the month of summer, even the other people, who are not indicated above should be given Nourishing therapy.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Method of Brihmanā - ; by the use of meat, milk, sugar, ghee, enema prepared sweet substances and fats(oil, ghee), sleep, comfortable bed, oil- massage, bath, comforts, rest and happiness of the mind.

· · ·

[ Sutra 8-9 ½ ]

-- Translation -- 8-9 ½

· · ·

-- Translation -- Persons requiring thinning therapy – Langhaneeya –

· · ·

[ Sutra 10 ]

मेहामदोषअतिस्निग्धजवरूस्तम्भकुष्ठिन: १०

-- Translation -- Mehamadoshaatisnigdha jvara Urustambha Kushthin: 10

· · ·

[ Sutra 11 ]

विसर्पविसूचिकालसीहशिरकरण्ठाक्षिरोगिण: | स्थूलांशच लड्धयोन्त्तयं शिशिरे तु अपि रानपि ११

-- Translation -- Visarpa Visuchika Alasīha Shira Karanthā Kshirogina: | Sthoolāmścha Langhayonatyam Shishire tu api Ranapi 11

· · ·

-- Translation -- Langana- thinning, slimming therapy should be doneto

· · ·

-- Translation -- Maha - diabetics

· · ·

-- Translation -- Amadosha - persons suffering from Ama

· · ·

-- Translation -- Atisnigdha -who has undergone excess oleation treatment

· · ·

-- Translation -- Jvara - fever

· · ·

-- Translation -- Urustambha - stiffness of the thighs,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kushta – skin diseases

· · ·

-- Translation -- Visarpa – herpes,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vidhraadi – abscess,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pleeha - diseases of spleen,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shira, Kanta Akshi roga - head, throat, and eyes;

· · ·

-- Translation -- Sthula – Those are obese

· · ·

-- Translation -- Even to others during Shishira - winter, Langhana treatment should be done. 10-11

· · ·

-- Translation -- Indication for Langhana therapy by means of Shodhana (Panchakarma) –

· · ·

तत्र संशोधने: स्थौल्यबलपित्तकफाधिकान् | आमदोषज्वरच्छर्दिरतीसारहृदामयै: |

-- Translation -- Tatra Samshodhane: Sthoulyabalapittakaphadhikān | Āmadoṣajvaracchardiratisārahṛdāmayaị: |

· · ·

विबन्धगौरवोद्गारहललासादिभिरातुरान् | मध्यस्थौल्यादिकान् प्राय: पूर्व पाचनदीपनै: |

-- Translation -- Vibandhagauravodgārahalalāsādibhirāturān | Madhyasthoulyādikān prāyaḥ pūrvaṃ pācanadīpanaiḥ |

· · ·

एभिरेवामयैरार्तान् हीनस्थौल्यबलादिकान् | क्षुतृणाणिय्रहेर्दोषैस्स्तवातन् मध्यबलैढान् |

-- Translation -- Ebhirevāmayaịrārtān hīnasthoulyabalādikān | Kṣutṛṣāṇiyrahaịrdoṣaịsstavātan madhyabalaịḍhān |

· · ·

समैराणतपायासै: किमुताल्पबलैर्नरान्‌ |

-- Translation -- Samairaṇatapāyāsaiḥ kimutālpa-balairnarān |

· · ·

-- Translation -- Patients with these diseases should be given Panchakarma treatment as the means for Langhana therapy. - Those who are very obese, strong and having predominance of Pitta and Kapha, those suffering from Amadosha, fever, vomiting, Diarrhoea , hearts diseases, constipation, feeling of heaviness, excess of belching, nausea, etc.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Those who are moderately obese, medium in strength of the body and also of the diseases mentioned, first by administration of digestives and hunger producing substances generally, later with other purification therapies;

· · ·

-- Translation -- Those who are troubled by increased Doshas, who are of medium strength, with medium strength disease, who are capable of withstanding strain by the control of hunger and thirst; those again of poor strength- of the body and of disease by exposing them to breeze, sunlight and exercise. 12-14 ½

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

न बृहयेत् लाघनीयान् बृहयन्स्तु मृदु लाघयेत् १५

-- Translation -- न बृंहयेत् लाघनीयान् बृंहयन्स्तु मृदु लाघयेत् १५

· · ·

[ Sutra 15 ]

युक्त्या वा देशकालादिबलतस्त्तान् उपाचरेत्

-- Translation -- युक्त्या वा देशकालादिबलतस्त्तान् उपाचरेत्

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

बृहिते स्यादबलं पुष्टिस्तत् साध्यामयसक्षय:

-- Translation -- बृंहिते स्यादबलं पुष्टिस्तत् साध्यामयसक्षय:

· · ·

विमलेन्द्रियता सर्गोमलानां लाघवं रुचि:

-- Translation -- विमलेन्द्रियता सर्गोमलानां लाघवं रुचि:

· · ·

क्षुतृट्ससहोदय: शुद्धहृदयोद्गार णठता

-- Translation -- क्षुतृट्ससहोदय: शुद्धहृदयोद्गार णठता

· · ·

व्याधिमार्दवमृत्साहस्तन्द्रानाशश्च लाघिते

-- Translation -- व्याधिमार्दवमृत्साहस्तन्द्रानाशश्च लाघिते

· · ·

-- Translation -- Feeling of purity in the chest region (heart), Clear belching and clear throat, softening of the diseases- decreased severity, increase of enthusiasm and loss of stupor- laziness 16-17

· · ·

अनपेक्षितमात्रादिसेविते कुरुस्तस्तु ते अतिस्थौल्यादिकाष्यांदीनं, वक्ष्यन्ते ते च सौषधाः:

-- Translation -- These- therapies indulged into in great measure than required, lead on to profound obesity and emaciation etc, which will be enumerated now, along with their treatment.18

· · ·

रूपं तैरैव च ज्ञेयमातिवृद्धितलङ्घिते

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ati Brimhana- excess of stoutening therapy :-

· · ·

अतिस्थौल्यापचीमेहज्वरौदारभगन्दरान्‌ काससन्न्यासकृच्छ्रोमकुष्ठादीननितिदारुणान्‌

-- Translation -- Excess of Brimhana therapy produces Atisthaulya- profound obesity Apachi - scrofula, Meha – Diabetes, UTI Jvara - fever Udara – enlargement of abdomen, Bhagandara – fistula-in-ano, Kasa - cough, Sanyasa - loss of consciousness, Mutrakrucha - Dysuria, Ama- disorders of poor digestive activities, Kushta -skin diseases which are very dreadful. 20

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatment for over nourishing -

· · ·

तत्र मेदोनिलश्लेष्मनाशनं सर्वोत्तमं कूलात्थजूर्णश्यामकायवमुद्गमुष्टीदकम्‌ मस्तुदण्डाहतारिष्टचिन्ताशोधनजागरं मध्युना त्रिफलां लिहयाद्गुडूचीमभ्रयां घनं रसाजनस्य महत्‌ पञ्चमूलस्य गुङ्गुलोः शिलाजतु|प्रयोगश्च साङ्गिनमन्थसो हितः विडङ्गं नागरं क्षारः काललोहरजो मध्यु यवामलक चूर्ण च योगो अतिस्थौल्यदोषजित्‌

· · ·

-- Translation -- Treatments which reduce Medas- fat, Anila- Vata and Kapha are desirable; Use of Kulattha - horse gram - Dolichos Biflorus, Jurma, Shyamaka, Yava - Barley - Hordeum Vulgare, Mudga - green gram - Averrhoa Carambola, and Honey water; Indulgence in worry, stressful activities Purification therapies, avoidance of sleep, either Triphala, Guduci, Abhaya -(Chebulic Myrobalan fruit rind - Terminalia chebula) and Musta (Cyperus rotundus), should be licked with honey daily; Either Rasanjana (Aqueous extract of Berberis aristata), Brihat Pancamula (Agnimantha, Shyonaka, Gambhari, Patala, Bilva), Guggulu - along with the fresh juice of Agnimnatha is suitable;

· · ·

-- Translation -- Powder of Vidanga (False black pepper - Embelia ribes), Nagara - (Ginger), Kshara-Yavakshara and iron filing or powder of Yava (Barley - Hordeum vulgare) and Amla along with honey - should be licked daily. 21-24

· · ·

व्योषकटवीराशियुविडगगातिविपास्स्थिरा: हिडगसौवर्चलाजाजीयवानिधान्यक्चित्रका: निशी वृहत्यौ हपुषा पाठामूलं च केम्बुकात् एषां चूर्णं मद्य घृतं तैलं च सदंशकम् सक्तुभि: क्षौद्रगणैर्युक्तं पीतं निहन्ति तत् अतिस्थौल्यादिकान् सर्वान् रोगान् न्यांश तद्विधान हृद्रोगकामलाश्वित्रश्वासकासगलग्रहान् बुद्धिमेधास्मृतिकरं सन्नस्याग्नेश्च दीपनम्

-- Translation -- Powder of Vyosha- (Trikat u - pepper, long pepper and ginger), Katvi, Vara (Triphala), Shigru (drum stick), Vidanga (False black pepper - Embelia ribes), Ativisha, Sthira (Desmodium gangeticum), Hingu - (Asa foetida), Sauvarcala, Ajaji - (Cuminum cyminum), Yavani - (Trachyspermum ammi), Dhanaya, Chitraka, the two Nisa (turmeric and tree turmeric), the two Brihati(brihati and kantakari), Hapusa, root of Patha (Cyclea peltata) and of Kebuka, should be mixed with honey, ghee and oil in equal proportion and sixteen parts of saktu (corn flour), this mixture diseases- mentioned earlier and even others of similar nature such as heart diseases, Jaundice, Leucoderma, Dyspnoea, cough, obstruction in the throat- hoarseness of voice etc. improves powder of thinking, intelligence, memory and kindles the weakened fire- digestive activity. 25-28

· · ·

-- Translation -- Atilanghana- excess of thinning therapy:-

· · ·

अतिकाश्रये भ्रम: कासस्तृष्णाधिक्यमरोचक: स्नेहाग्निनिद्रादाक्श्रोतश्शुक्रौज: क्षत्स्वरक्षय: बस्तिहन्मूर्धजड्घोस्त्रिकपाशर्वेरुजा ज्वर:

· · ·

-- Translation -- This chapter deals with various groups of herbs that are used in Panchakarma treatment. The chapter name is Shodhanadi Gana Sangraha Adhyaya. Apart from purificatory herbs, it also explains about other groups used in preparing Ayurvedic medicine.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Chardana Gana—group of Emetics :-

· · ·

मदनमधुकलम्बानिम्बाबिम्बीविशालात्रपुसकुटजमरुवादेवदालीकृमिघ्नम् । विदुलदहनचित्रा: कोशवत्यौ करञ्ज:कणलवणवचैलार्षष्पाश्चछर्दनानपि ।।

-- Translation -- Madana (Randia spinosa), Madhuka (Licorice),Lamba, Nimba (neem), Bimbi (Coccinia grandis) Vishala, Trapusha, Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica), Murva, Devadali, Krimighna (Embelia ribes), Vidula, Dahana, Chitra (lead wort), the two Kosavati, Karanja, Kana (long pepper), Vacha (Acorus calamus), Ela (cardamom) and Sarhsapa (mustard) form the group of emetics.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Virechana Gana – group of purgatives:-

· · ·

निकुम्भकुम्भत्रिफलागवक्षीस्नुक्शिखिनीनीलिनितिल्वकानि शम्याककम्पिल्लकहेमदुग्धं दुग्धं च मूतं च विरेचनानि ।।

-- Translation -- Nikumbha, Kumbha, Triphala (Haritaki, Vibhitaki, Amalaki), Gavakshi, Snuk (Snuhi), Shankhini, Nilini (Indigofera tinctorea), Tilvaka, Samyaka, Kampillaka (Mallotus philippinensis), Hemadugdha, Dugdha (milk), and Mutra (urine) – are Purgatives. 2

· · ·

-- Translation -- Niruha Gana- group of Drugs for decoction enema:-

· · ·

मदनकुटजकुष्ठदेवदालीमधुकवचादशमूलदारुरास्ना: । यवमिश्रिकृतवेदानं कुलथामधु लवणं तिवृत्तानिरुहणानि ।।

-- Translation -- Madana (Randia spinosa), Kutaja (Holarrhena antidysenterica), Kustha (Saussurea lappa), Devadali, Madhuka,Vacha, Dashamoola, Daru (Devadaru), Rasna,Yana, Mishi, Kritavedhanam, Kulattha (Horse gram), Madhu (Honey), Lavana (salt) and Trivrit- are Drugs for decoction enema. 3

· · ·

-- Translation -- Naavana Gana- group of Drugs for nasal medication:-

· · ·

वेल्लापामार्गव्योषदार्वीसुराला बीजं शैरीषं बाहुंतं शैग्रवं च सारोमाधूक: सैन्धवं ताक्ष्यशैलं घुटयो पृथ्वीकाशोधनान्त्युत्तमाङ्गम् ।।

· · ·

[ Sutra 4 ]

-- Translation -- Vella, Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera), Vyosa (Trikatu - Pepper, long pepper and ginger), Darvi (Tree turmeric), Surala, Bija of Shirish, Bhrihati and Shigru, Madhukasara, Saindhava (Black salt), Tarksyasaila, the two Truti and Prithvika- Purify the head.

· · ·

[ Sutra 5 ]

भद्रदारुनतं कुष्ठं दशमूलं बलाटवयम् वायूं वीरतरादिश्च विदार्यादिश्च नाशयेत्

-- Translation -- Bhadradarun (Cedrus deodara), Nata, Kustha (Saussurea lappa), Dashamula, the two Bala (Bala and atibala), the drugs of Virataradigan, and of Vidaryadi Gana balance vata.

· · ·

[ Sutra 6 ]

दूर्वा अनन्तानिम्बवासाआत्मगुप्ता गुण्द्र अभीरू: शीतपाकी प्रियङ्गु: न्यग्रोधादि: पद्मकादि: स्थिरे द्वे पद्मं वमयं शारिवादिश्च पित्तम्

-- Translation -- Durva, Ananta, Nimba (neem), Vasa, Atmagupta (Kapikacchu), Gundra, Abhiru, Sitapaki, Priyangu, drugs of Nyagrodhadi, and Padmakadi Gana, the two Sthira, Padmaka, Vanya and drugs of Sarivadi Gana bring about decrease of pitta.

· · ·

[ Sutra 7 ]

आरग्वधादिरर्कादिर्मुष्ककाद्योऽस्नादिक: सुरसादि: समुस्तादिर्वातस्कादिवोलासजित्

-- Translation -- Drugs of Aragvadhadi, Arkadi, Muskakadi, Asanadi, Surasadi, Mustadi, and Vatskadi Ganas- brings about decrease of Balasa- Kapha.

· · ·

[ Sutra 8 ]

जीवन्ि काकोल्यौ मेदे दूर्वे मुद्गामाषपर्ण्यौ च ऋषभकजीवकमधुकं चेति गणेा जीवनायास्य

-- Translation -- Jeevanti, the two Kakoli (Kakoli and Ksheerakakoli), the two Meda (Med and Mahameda), Mudgarparni, Masaparni, Rishabaka, Jeevaka, and Madhuka – is known as Jivaniya Gana- group of restoratives.

· · ·

विदारिपञ्चाड्गुलवृश्चिकालोलीवृश्चीवदेवाहवयशूर्पपर्ण्यः

-- Translation -- Vidari, Panchangula, Vrischikali, Vrischiva, Devahvaya, the two Surparni, Kantakari, Drugs of

· · ·

कण्डूकरी जीवनहवस्वसञ्जे द्वे पद्मके गोपसूता त्रिपादी

-- Translation -- Jivana Pancamula and Hrasva Pancamula, Gapasuta Tripadi-

· · ·

विदार्योदर्यो हृद्यो बृहणो वातपित्तहो

-- Translation -- this Vidaryadi groups of Drugs are

· · ·

शोषगुल्माड्गमर्दोर्ध्वश्वासकासहारो गणः

-- Translation -- Hrudya – good to the heart | Bruhmana – stoutening, Vatapitttaha – Mitigate Vata and Pitta, Useful in the treatment of Shosha – emaciation Gulma – abdominal tumor Angamarda – bodyache, Urdhwashwasa – wheezing Kasa – cough 9-10

· · ·

सारिवोशीरकाश्मर्यमधूकशिशिरद्वयम्

-- Translation -- Sariva (Hemidesmus indicus), Ushira, Kasmarya, Madhuka the two Sisira, Yashti and Parusaka-

· · ·

यष्टि परुषकम्

· · ·

हन्ति दाहपित्तास्रतृड्ज्वरान्

-- Translation -- cure burning sensation, bleeding disease, thirst and fevers.11

· · ·

पद्मापुण्ड्रौ वृद्धितुगर्द्दयः शृङ्ग्यमृता दश जीवनसञ्ज्ञाः:

-- Translation -- Padmaka, Pundra, Vriddhi, Tuga, Riddhi, Shringi, Amrita and the ten drugs of Jeevaniya, gana.

· · ·

स्तन्यकरा धनन्तीरणपित्तं प्रीणनजीवनबृहणवृष्या:

· · ·

गुडूचीपद्मकारिष्टधानाकारकतचन्दनम्

-- Translation -- Guduchi (Indian tinospora), Padmaka, Arista, Dhanyaka and Raktachandana—

· · ·

[ Sutra 16 ]

पित्तश्लेष्मज्वरच्छर्दिदाहातृष्णाघ्नमग्निकृत्

-- Translation -- Mitigate Pita and Kapha, cure fever, vomiting, burning sensation, thirst and improves digestion.

· · ·

आरग्वधेन्द्रयवपाटलिकाकतिकतनिम्बामृतामधुरसासुववृक्षपाठा:

-- Translation -- Aragvadha, Indrayava, Patali, Kakatikta, Nimba (neem), Amrita, Madhurasa, Sruvavrka, Patha,

· · ·

भूनिम्बसैर्यंकपटोलकरञ्जयुगमसप्तच्छदाम्नसुषवीफलवाणघोण्टा:

-- Translation -- Bhunimba, Sairyaka, Patola, the two Karanja (Karanja and Latakaranja), Sap tachada, Agni (Chitraka), Susavi, Phala, Bana, and Ghonta—

· · ·

[ Sutra 17-18 ]

आरग्वधादिर्जयति श्वित्रकुष्ठविषज्वरान्

-- Translation -- this Aragvadhadi group cures vomiting, skin diseases poison, fevers,

· · ·

[ Sutra 17-18 ]

कफं कण्डूं प्रमेहं च दुष्टव्रणविशोधन:

-- Translation -- Mitigate kapha, itching, diabetes, and cleanses bad wounds.

· · ·

असनतिनिशमूर्जश्वेतवाहप्रकीर्याः खदिरकदरभण्डीशींशीपामेषशृङ्ग्यः

-- Translation -- Asana, Tinisa, Bhurja, Swetavaaha, Prakiya, khadria, Kadara, Bhandi, Simsipa, Mesasrngi, the

· · ·

त्रिहिमतलपलाशाजोङ्गकः शाकशालक्रमुकधवकलिङ्गच्छागकरञाश्वकर्णा:

-- Translation -- three Hima, tala Palasa, Jongaka Saka, Sala , Kramuka, Dhava, Kalinga, Chakarna, and Asvakarna—

· · ·

[ Sutra 19-20 ]

असनादिर्विजयते श्वित्रकुष्ठकफकृमीन्

-- Translation -- this asanadi group cures leucoderma, skin diseases, mitigates kapha ,cures diseases and other

· · ·

[ Sutra 19-20 ]

पाण्डुरोगं प्रमेहं च मेदोदोषनिर्बर्हण:

-- Translation -- skin diseases, mitigates kapha, cures diseases of worms, Anaemia, diabetes and diseases of fat accumulation

· · ·

वरुणसैर्यङ्कयुग्मशतावरीदहनमोरटबिल्वविषाणिका: | दवि বৃহतीद्विकाररुज्जयाद्वयं बहलपल्लवदर्भरुजाकरा:

-- Translation -- Varuna, the two Sairyaka, Satavari, Dahana, Morata, Bilva, Visanika, the two Brhati thw two Karanji, the two jaya, Bahalapallava, Dardha and Rujakara-

· · ·

वरुणादिः कफं मेदो मंदाग्नित्वं नियच्छति | आधयवातं शिरः शूलं गुल्मं चान्तः सविद्राधिम्‌

-- Translation -- this Varunadi groupbsubjugates kapha, fat and dyspepsia, cures Adhyavata- rigidity of the thighs, headaches, tumors and abscess inside the abdomen. 21-22

· · ·

उष्कस्तुत्थकं हिड्‌गु कासीसद्वयसैन्धवं सशिलाजतु

-- Translation -- Usaka, tutthaka, Hingu, the two Kasisa, saindhava and Silajitu-

· · ·

कृच्छ्रोश्मगुल्ममेदः कफापहं

-- Translation -- cure Dysuria, Urinary calu;us, abdominal Tumors, obesity and subjugates Kapha. 23

· · ·

वेल्लान्तरारणिकबूकवृषाश्मभेदगोकर्णटकेरकटसहाचरबाणाकाशा: वृक्षादनौनलकुशद्वयगुण्ठगुन्द्राबल्लू कमोरटकुरण्टकरमभपार्थी:

-- Translation -- Guntha,Gundra, Bhalluka, Morata, Kuranta, Karambha and Partha-

· · ·

वर्गो वी रतराद्योsयं हन्ति वातकृतान् गदान्‌ | अश्मरीशर्करामूत्रकृच्छ्रोाघातरुजारः

-- Translation -- this Virataradi group cures diseases produced by Vata, urinary stones and Gravel, Dysuria, Suppression of Urine and pain 24-25

· · ·

मुष्ककसुग्वराद्वीपिपलाशधवर्षिशिपा:

-- Translation -- Muskaka, Srug, Vara, Dvipi, Dhava and Simsipa

· · ·

गुल्ममेहाश्मरीपाण्डुमेदोर्ष: कफशुक्रजित्

-- Translation -- this group cure abdominal tumor, Diabetes , Real caluculus, Anaemia, obesity, Haemorrhoids, Disorders of Kapha and semen. 32

· · ·

वत्सकमुर्वभ्राईगीकटुकामरीचं घुनप्रियाच गण्डीरम्

· · ·

एलापाठा अजाजीक्टवडगफलाजमोदसिद्धार्थवचा:

· · ·

जीरकहिङ्गविडङ्गं पशुगन्धापञ्चकोलकं

-- Translation -- Vatsaka, Murva, Dharngi, Katuka, Marica, Ghunapriya, Gandira, Ela, Patha, Ajaji, Katvanga phala, Ajamoda, Siddhartha, Vaca, Jiraka, Hingu, Vidanga, Pasugandja and Pancakola-

· · ·

हन्ति

· · ·

चलकफमेद: पीनसगुल्मज्वरशूलदुरनाम्न:

-- Translation -- drugs of this group cures disorders of vata, Kapha and medas, Rhinitis, Abdominal Tumor, Fever, Colic, and Haemorhoids . 33-34

· · ·

वचाजलददेवाहवनागरातिविषाभया:

· · ·

हारिद्राद्वययष्ट्याहवकलशीक्टजोद्धवा:

-- Translation -- Vaca, Jalada,Devahva, Nagara, Ativisa, and Abhya; the two Haridra, Yasti, Kalasi, Kuta Jodbhava-

· · ·

वचाहरिद्रादिगणावामातीसारनाशनौ

-- Translation -- these Vaca Haridadi Gana Cure Acte Diarrhoea- or that caused by accumulations of Ama

· · ·

मेद: कफाढ़यपवनस्तन्यदोषनिबर्हणौ

-- Translation -- diseases of fat, kapha Adhyapavana- stiffness of the things and Disorders caused by breast milk. 35-36

· · ·

प्रियङ्गुपुष्पाज्जनयुग्मपत्राः पद्माद्रजो योजनवल्ल्यनन्ता मानद्रुमो मोचरसः समङ्गा पुन्नागशीतं मदनीयहेतुः‌ अम्बष्ठा मधुकं नमस्करि नन्दीवृक्षपलाशकच्छुरा: रोधं धातकीविल्वपेशिके कटवङ्गः कमलोड्रवं रजः

-- Translation -- Priyangu Puspa,, two Anjana, Padma, Padmaraja, Yojanavalli, Ananta, Manadruma, Mocarasa, Samanga, Pannaga, Sita and Madniya hetu; Ambasatha, Madhuka, Namaskari, Nandivrksa, Palasa, Kacchura, Rodhra, Dhataki, Bilvapesika, Katvanga and Kamalaraja-

· · ·

गणौ प्रियङ्गवम्ष्ठादौपकवातीसारणाशनौ सन्धानीयौ हितौ पित्ते व्रणानामपि रोपणौ

-- Translation -- these Priyangu and Ambasthadi groups cure chronic Diarrhoea, heal fractures, good for pitta and are even healers of ulcers. 37-39

· · ·

मुस्तावचाऽग्निद्विनि॒षाद्वितिक्तकाब्ल्लातपाठत्रिफलावि॒शाख्या: कुष्ठं तूटी हैमवती च

-- Translation -- Musta, Vaca, Agni, the two Nisa, the two Tikta, Bhallata, Patha, Triphala, Visakhya, Kustha, Truit and Haimavati-

· · ·

योनिस्थान्यामयघ्ना मलपाचनाश्च

-- Translation -- cures diseases of Vagina, Breastmilk, and cooks the Malas -Dosas. 40

· · ·

न्यग्रोधपिप्पलसदाफलरोध्रयमं जम्बूद्वयार्जुनकपीतनसोमवल्का: प्लक्षाम्रवञ्जुलप्रियालपलाशनदीकोलकदम्बविरलामधुकं मधूकम्‌

-- Translation -- Nyagrodha, Pippala, Sadaphala, the two Rohra, the two Jambu, Arjuna, Kapitana, Somavalka, Plaksa, Amra, Vanjula, Piyata, Patasa, Nanon, kon, Kadamba, Virala, Madhuka and Madhuka-

· · ·

न्यग्रोधादिर्गणो व्रणः सङ्ग्राही भग्नसाधन: मेदः पित्तास्तृडदाहयोनीरोगनिरूहण:

-- Translation -- this nyarodhadi group is good for wounds/ ulcers, cause constipation, unites fractures, cures fat accumulation, bleeding disease, thirst, burning sensation, and diseases of Vagina. 41-42

· · ·

एलायुग्मतुरुष्ककुष्ठफलीनीमांसोजलध्यामकं

-- Translation -- The two ela (Big and small variety), Turuska, Kusṭha, Phalini, Mamsi, Jala, Dhyamaka, Sphrkka,

· · ·

सृक्काचोरकचोचपत्रतगरस्थौणेयजातीरसा:

-- Translation -- Coraka, Coca, Patra, Tagara, Sthauneya, Jatirasa,

· · ·

शुक्तितव्याघ्रनखोऽमराह्वमगुरु श्रीवासक: कुङ्कुमं

-- Translation -- Sukta, Vyaghrahaka, Amarāhva, Aguru ,Srivāsaka, Kumkuma, Canda,

· · ·

चण्डागुग्गुलुदेवधूपखपुरा: पुन्नागनागाह्वयम्

-- Translation -- Guggulu, Devadhupa, Khapura, Punnaga and Nagahvaya-

· · ·

एलादिको वातकफौ विषं च विनिपचछति

-- Translation -- this Eladigana cures disorders of vata, Kapha and poison, improves color/ complexion, cures

· · ·

वर्णप्रसादन: कण्डू पिटिकाकोठनाशन:

-- Translation -- itching, Pustules and skin Rashes.43-44

· · ·

श्यामादन्तीद्रवन्तीक्रमुकुटरणाशडखिनीदर्मसाह्वा

-- Translation -- Shyama, danti, Dravanti, Kramuka, Tarana, Sankhini, Carmasāhva, Svarṇaksiri,

· · ·

स्वर्णक्षीरोगवाक्षीशिखिररजनकटिङ्गन्नरोहाकरुजा:

-- Translation -- Gavaksi, Sikhari, Rajanaka, Cinnarohaka,ruja:

· · ·

बस्तान्त्री व्याधिधातो बहलबहुरसस्तीक्षणवृक्षात् फलानि

-- Translation -- Bastantri, Vyadhighati, Bahala, Bahurasa and Tiksnarukṣāt phalāni

· · ·

श्यामादयो हन्ति गुल्मं विषमरुचिकफौ हृदुजं मूत्रकृच्छ्रं

-- Translation -- this Syamdi group cures abdominal Tumor, poison, Anorexia, diseases of kapha, heart ache-

· · ·

diseases and Dysuria. 45

· · ·

त्रयस्त्रिंशदिति प्रोक्ता वर्गास्तेषु त्वलब्धतः:

-- Translation -- Thus, were described thirty three groups- of drugs; such of the drugs not available may be

· · ·

युज्ज्यात्तद्विधमन्यच्च द्रव्यं जह्यादयौगिकं

-- Translation -- substituted with others of identical properties and such drugs not appropriate- to the group may

· · ·

be rejected 46

· · ·

एते वर्गा दोषदूष्याद्यपेक्ष्य कल्पक्वाथास्थ्नेहलोहादियुक्ता:

-- Translation -- The drugs of these groups made into medical formulations such as Kalka- wet bolus, Quatha-

· · ·

पानेऽनस्येऽनुवासने ऽन्तर्बहिर्विर् लेपाभ्यङ्गौषधर्न्नान्ति रोगान् सकृच्छ्रान्

-- Translation -- decoction, Snejha- medicated fats, Leha- confections etc. to be used for drinking, nasal drops, oil

· · ·

enema, topical, topical application, anointing etc, either internally or externally , cure diseases

· · ·

which are obstinate. 47

· ·

·

Thus ends the chapter Sodhanadi Gana Sangraha, the fifteenth in Sutrasthana of

· · ·

Astangahradayam

· · ·

गुरु शीत सर स्निग्ध मन्द सूक्ष्म मृदु द्रवम् औषधं स्नेहनं प्रयो , विपरीतं विरूक्षणम्

-- Translation -- The Snehanana substances - used for oleation therapy have the following qualities - Guru - heaviness Sheeta - cold Sara - easily moving, mobility, spreading Snigdha - unctuous, oily Manda - mild, Sookshma - minute Mrudu - soft Dravam - liquid The substances used for imparting dryness to the body (Rookshana) are of opposite qualities to the above-mentioned.

· · ·

सर्पिर्मज्जा वसा तैलं स्नेहेषु प्रवरे मतम् तत्रापि च्च्योततमं सर्पिः संस्कारस्यानुवर्त्तनात् माधुर्यात् अविदाहित्त्वात् जन्माद्येव च शीलनात्

-- Translation -- Sarpi (ghee, clarified butter), Majja (bone marrow), Vasa - muscle fat and Taila (oil) - are considered best among oleating substances; Among these, Ghee is the best. Because, Madhura - sweet in taste Avidahi - it does not cause burning sensation Janmadyeva sheelanat - it is congenial to the body since birth. 2 - 3a.

· · ·

पित्तघ्नास्ते यथापूर्वमितरघ्ना यथोत्तरम्

-- Translation -- Among them, Ghee is the most efficient for Pitta balance and Taila is the least efficient for the same. 3b.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Urustambha - stiffness of thighs

· · ·

-- Translation -- Atisara - diarrhoea, dysentery

· · ·

-- Translation -- Amaroga - indigestion, Ama condition, altered metabolism

· · ·

-- Translation -- Galaroga - diseases of throat

· · ·

-- Translation -- Gararoga - chronic poisoning

· · ·

-- Translation -- Murcha - fainting, loss of consciousness

· · ·

-- Translation -- Chardi - Vomiting

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - anorexia

· · ·

-- Translation -- Shleshmaroga - diseases of Kapha imbalance

· · ·

-- Translation -- Trushnaroga - excessive thirst

· · ·

-- Translation -- Madyapeedita - chronic alcoholic

· · ·

-- Translation -- Apaprasuta - lady who has undergone abortion

· · ·

-- Translation -- Nasya, Basti Virechana - people who re to be nasal medication, enema and purgative therapies. 6-8a.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ghrita Yogya:

· · ·

तत्र धीस्मृतिमेधादिकाडक्षिणाम् शस्पते घृतम्

-- Translation -- Ghrita (ghee) is best suited for those who desire improvement of intelligent, memory, intelligence etc. 8b.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Taila Yogya:

· · ·

ग्रन्थिनाडीकृमिशलेप्ममेदोमारुतरोगिषु तैलं लाघवादर्थिकूरकोष्ठेषु देहिषु

-- Translation -- Taila (oil) is suited in diseases like Granthi - tumour, Nadi roga - sinus ulcer Krumiroga - worm infestation Shleshmroga - diseases of Kapha imbalance Medoroga - obesity Marutaroga - Diseases due to imbalance of Vata for those who desire thinning and sturdyness of the body, and who have hard bowel movements. 9.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vasa Majja Yogya:

· · ·

वातातपाद्वभारास्त्रीव्यायामक्षीणधातुषु रुक्क्लेशक्षेशमात्यग्निवातवृत्तपथेषु शेषौ, वसा तु संध्यस्थिरमर्मकोष्ठरुजासु च तथा दग्धाहतश्रष्ट्योनिकर्णशिरोरुजि

-- Translation -- Vasa and Majja - Muscle-fat and marrow are suited for persons Vatatapa – who are depleted of their tissues from exposure to breeze, sunlight, long distance

· · ·

रसमेदैककत्वाभ्यां चतुः षष्टिविधारणाः

-- Translation -- By its use with substances of different tastes and separately, without admixture, it will be sixty four number of recipes.

· · ·

स्नेहस्यान्याभिभूतत्वादल्पत्वाच्च क्रमात्स्मृताः

· · ·

स्नेहविचारणा – स्नेहस्य कल्पः स श्रेष्ठः स्नेहकर्माशुसाधनात् ।

-- Translation -- Sneha Vicharana – use of fat mixed with foods is poor – mild in effect because of its mingling with other materials and also because of lesser quantity. 15b – 16a.

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

यथोक्तहेतुभावाच्च नाच्छेपेयो विचारणा ॥

-- Translation -- Acchapeya of Sneha – means consuming the oils / fats without mixing with food.

· · ·

Sneha Vicharana means – consuming after mixing with food items.

· · ·

Acchapeya method of administering fats is considered best as it serves the function of fats and lubrication quickly. 16b – 17a.

· · ·

Acchapanamatra – dose of fats for drinking :-

· · ·

द्रवाभ्यां चतुर्भिरष्टाभिरभियोजितो यः क्रमात्

-- Translation -- The dose of fats depends upon the digestive activity of the patient.

· · ·

हस्वमध्योत्तमामात्राास्तास्ताभ्यश्च हसीयसीम

-- Translation -- The heena matra (least dose) is the one, which digests in 2 yaama (1 yaama = 3 hours)

· · ·

कल्पयेद्वीवक्ष्य दोषादीन् प्रागेव तु हसीयसीम्

-- Translation -- The medium dose (Madhyama matra) is the one, which undergoes digestion in 3 yama (9 hours)

· · ·

-- Translation -- The high dose (Uttama matra) is the one, which undergoes digestion in 4 yama (12 hours).

· · ·

Hraseeyasi matra – the minimum quantity should be administered in the beginning after considering the condition of Dosha etc. 17b – 18.

· · ·

The Hraseeyasi matra is the very little quantity of sneha, that is given to the patient, just to judge the digestive strength. After judging the digestion power, the right dose of the fat is decided.

· · ·

Snehapanavidhi – procedure of drinking fat :-

· · ·

हयस्तने जीर्ण एवान्ने स्ने हो अच्छः शुद्धये बहुः

-- Translation -- For Shodhana – As a preparation procedure to Panchakarma therapy, Acchasneha – drinking of fat alone should be soon after digestion of previous food and in maximum dose.

· · ·

शमनः क्षुद्वतो अनन्नो मध्यमात्रश्च शस्यते

· · ·

-- Translation -- appear. After that period it - fat becomes accustomed to the patient and does not give the desired effect. 29b - 30a.

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

वातानुलोम्यं दीप्तो अग्निर्वर्च: स्निग्धमसंहतम्

-- Translation -- वातानुलोम्यं दीप्तो अग्निर्वर्च: स्निग्धमसंहतम् ३०

· · ·

[ Sutra 31 ]

स्नेहोद्वेग: क्लमः सम्यक्स्निग्धे, रूक्षो विपर्यय:

-- Translation -- स्नेहोद्वेग: क्लमः सम्यक्स्निग्धे, रूक्षो विपर्यय: ३१

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snigdha Lakshana - signs of oleation :- Vatanulomana - Downward movement of Vata, Deepto agni - keen digestive activity, Vachaha snigdham asamhatam - faeces becoming fatty and non formed not solid, Snehodvega - aversion to fat, Klama - exhaustion - are the signs of proper lubrication; opposite of these are the sign of dryness. Appearance of pallor - yellowish white discoloration and secretions from the nose, mouth and rectum are the signs of excess lubrication. 30b - 31.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snehavyapat Laksana - bad effects of improper oleation :-

· · ·

अमात्रया आहिते काले मिथ्याहारविहारतः

-- Translation -- अमात्रया आहिते काले मिथ्याहारविहारतः

· · ·

स्नेहः करोति शोफं शस्तान्द्रास्तम्भविसं ज्ञताः

-- Translation -- स्नेहः करोति शोफं शस्तान्द्रास्तम्भविसं ज्ञताः

· · ·

कण्डूकुष्ठज्वरोत्क्लेशशूलानाहभ्रमादिकान्

-- Translation -- कण्डूकुष्ठज्वरोत्क्लेशशूलानाहभ्रमादिकान्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Fat drinking in improper dose, unsuitable kind, improper time, indulging in improper foods and activities produces dropsy, haemorrhoids, stupor, rigidity - loss of movement, loss of sensation / unconsciousness, itching, skin diseases, fever, nausea, pain in the abdomen, flatulence, dizziness etc. 32 - 33a.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Snehavyapat Cikitsa - treatment of bad effects :-

· · ·

क्षुत् तृष्णा ओल्कोल्लेखन स्वेद रूक्षापानान्न भेषजम्

-- Translation -- क्षुत् तृष्णा ओल्कोल्लेखन स्वेद रूक्षापानान्न भेषजम्

· · ·

तक्रारिष्ट खलोद्दाल आलय वश्यामाक कोद्रवम्

-- Translation -- तक्रारिष्ट खलोद्दाल आलय वश्यामाक कोद्रवम्

· · ·

पिप्पली त्रिफला क्षौद्र पथ्यागोमूत्र गुग्गुलु

-- Translation -- पिप्पली त्रिफला क्षौद्र पथ्यागोमूत्र गुग्गुलु

· · ·

यथास्वं प्रतिरोधं च स्नेहव्यापदि साधनम्

-- Translation -- यथास्वं प्रतिरोधं च स्नेहव्यापदि साधनम्

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kshut, Trushna - Producing hunger, thirst, Ulleka, sveda - vomiting and perspiration, administering foods, drinks and medicines which are dry (cause dryness), use of Takrarista (fermented medicine from buttermilk), Khala - menu prepared from curds, Uddala, Yava (barley), Shyamaka, Kodrava, Pippali (long pepper), Triphala, Ksaudra (honey), Pathya (haritaki), Gomutra - cow urine, Guggulu and such others - foods, drugs etc. prescribed

· · ·

-- Translation -- Page No. 211

· · ·

विरूक्षणे लङ्घनवत्कृतातिकृतलक्षणम्

-- Translation -- Virukshane - therapy to cause dryness :-

· · ·

स्निग्धद्रव्योष्णधन्वोत्तरसभुक् स्वेदमाचरेत्

-- Translation -- Regimen of Panchakarma followed after Snehana -

· · ·

स्निग्धस्थ्रोहं स्थितः कुयाद्विरेकं, वमनं पुनः

· · ·

एकाहं दिनमन्यच्च कफमुत्क्लेशय तत्करे:

· · ·

मांसला मेदुरा भूरिश्लेष्माणो विशभाग्नयः

· · ·

स्नेहोचिताश्च ये स्नेह्यासतान् पूर्व रक्षयेततत्

· · ·

संश्नेहय शोधयेदेवं स्नेहव्यापन जायते

· · ·

अलं मलानिरयितुं स्नेहाश्चासाम्यतां गतः

· · ·

बालवृद्धादिषु स्नेहपरिहारासहिष्णुषु

-- Translation -- Sadhya sneha Yoga - recipes for immediate oleation :-

· · ·

योगानिमानुदेगान् सद्यः स्नेहान प्रयोजयेत

· · ·

क्षीणानां त्वामयैरग्निदेहसन्धुक्षणक्षमम्

-- Translation -- For those who are debilitated by diseases, fats which are capable of increasing the strength of the body and of the digestive activity should be made use of for oleation therapy. 45b.

· · ·

[ Sutra ४६ ]

दीप्तान्तराग्निः परिशुद्धकोष्ठः सत्यगुरु धातुबलवर्णयुक्तः । इन्द्रियैः सन्दृशो मन्दजरः शतायुः स्नेहोपसेवी पुरुषः प्रदिष्टः ॥ ४६ ॥

-- Translation -- He, who has very keen digestive activity, clean alimentary tract, well developed/strong tissues, physical strength, colour - complexion and powerful sense faculties, who is slow in getting old and who lives for a hundred years is the person who is habituated to oleation in otherwords these are the benefits of oleation therapy if adopted often. 46.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Thus ends the chapter named Snehavidhi, the sixteenth in Sutrasthana of Astangahrdayam.

· · ·

-- Translation -- We are explaining Swedana procedure in this chapter. Swedana refers to sweating or sweating therapy. The term sweda means sweat. The patient is made to sweat on purpose. Usually this procedure is done after doing the oleation therapy (Snehakarma), that we studied in the last chapter.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kinds of sweating treatments - Swedana Prakara

· · ·

स्वेदस्तापोপনोहोष्मद्रवभेदाचतुर्विधः

-- Translation --

1. Tapa- fermentation, 2. Upanaha- warm poultice, 3. Ushma- warm steam and 4. Drava - pouring of warm liquid.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Tapa Sweda

· · ·

तापोऽग्नितप्त वसनफालहस्ततलतलादिभिः

-- Translation -- Tapa Sweda is done by touching the affected part of the body with heated cloth, metal plate, forhead, Palm of the hand etc. 1

· · ·

-- Translation -- Upanaha Sweda

· · ·

उपनाहो वचा किंवशताहवादेवदारूभिः धान्यैः समस्तैः गन्धैश्च रास्ना एरण्ड जटामिषैः

-- Translation -- Upanaha Sweda is application of poultice prepared from Vacha (Acorus calamus), Kinva-yeast, Shatahya (Dill), Devadaru - (Himalayan cedar (bark) - Cedrus deodara) etc. any kind of grains, all substances having pleasant smell, roots of Rasna (Pluchea lanceolata) and Castor (Eranda); or meat;

· · ·

उद्रिक्तलवणैः स्नेहयुक्तक्रकपयः प्लुतैः केवलं पवने, श्लेष्मसंमुष्टे सुरसादिभिः पित्तेन पद्मकाद्यैस्तु साल्वणाख्यैः पुनः पुनः

-- Translation -- each one added with more of salt, fats-oil ghee etc. Chukra- Vinegar, Takra-Buttermilk and milk. in increase of vata associated with sleshma / kapha drugs of सुरसादि / surasaadi gana, in increase of vata associated with pitta drugs of padmakadi / पद्मकादि gana

· · ·

[ Sutra १५ ]

शीत शूल क्षये स्विन्नो जाते अङ्गानां च मार्दवे स्यात् शने: मृदित: स्नातस्तत: स्नेहविधिं भजेत्

· · ·

[ Sutra १६ ]

पित्तास्रकोप: तृण्मूर्च्छा स्वराङ्ग सदनं भ्रम: संधिपीडा ज्वर: श्यावरक्त मण्डल दर्शनम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 16-17 ]

स्वेदातियोगात् छर्दिश्व, तत् स्तम्भनमौषधम्विष क्षाराग्निन् अतिसार छर्दिं मोहातुरेषु च तत् स्तम्भनमौषधम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 18-19 ]

स्वेदनं गुरु तीक्ष्णोष्णं प्रय:, स्तम्भनमन्यथा द्रवस्थिरसरस्निग्धरूक्षसूक्ष्मं च भेषजम् स्वेदनं, स्तम्भनं श्लक्ष्णं रूक्ष सूक्ष्म सरद्रवं प्रायस्तिक्तं कषायं च मधुरं च समासत:

· · ·

स्तम्भितः स्याद्बले लब्धे यथोक्तामयसङ्ख्य्यात्‌

-- Translation -- Stambhana is useful in diarrhoea and bleeding disorders therapy, With this treatment, the person gains Strength and gets relieved of symptoms of excess sweating disappear. 20a

· · ·

स्तम्भत्वक् स्नायुसङ्कोचः कम्पहर्षौ वाक्चलनग्रहः:

-- Translation -- Contraction of skin and tendons, tremors, stiffness of region of heart, choking of voice, locked jaw, black discoloration of the feet, lips, skin and hands. 20-21a

· · ·

पादौष्ठतलकरैः श्यावैः अतिस्तम्भितमादिशेत्‌

· · ·

न स्वदयेत् अतिस्थूलरूक्षदुर्बलमूर्छितान्

-- Translation -- Atishoola Atirooksha - highly dry Durbala - weak, debilitated Muchita - fainted, unconscious Those who are fit for Sthambhana treatment,

· · ·

स्तम्भनीयैकतक्षीणणाक्षाममध्यविकारिणः

-- Translation -- Kshataksheena - wounded, injured Patients with Ama condition,

· · ·

तिमिरोदरवीसर्पकुष्ठशोषाढयरोगिणः

-- Translation -- Madyavikari - chronic alcoholics Night blindness,

· · ·

पीतदग्धाद्धिस्नेहमूर्छन कतविरेचनान्‌

-- Translation -- Visarpa - herpes Kushta Shosha - emaciated who have recently consumed milk, curds, fat,

· · ·

भ्रष्टटङ्गधगुदग्लानिक्रोधशोकभयार्दितान्‌

-- Translation -- Who have just undergone Virechana treatment Who are burnt,

· · ·

क्षुतृणाकामलापाण्डुमेहैः पित्तपीडितान्‌

-- Translation -- Who are tired, suffering from anger, grief, fear, excess tirst, hunger, Kamala - liver diseases Pandu - anemia Meha - urinary disorders

· · ·

गर्भिणीः पुष्टिपतां सूतां , मृतु च अत्ययिके गदे

-- Translation -- People with Pitta imbalance.

· · ·

[ Sutra 30 ]

स्नेहक्लिन्ना: कोष्ठगा धातुगा वा स्रोतोलीनाये च शाखास्थिसंस्था दोषा: स्वेदैस्ते द्रवीकृत्य कोष्ठं नीता: सम्यक् शुद्धिभि: निहिनयन्ते

-- Translation -- Doshas which have been lubricated by oleation therapy, residing either in the alimentary tract, tissues, or lurking in the channels of the extremities bones etc are liquefied by Sweating therapy, brought into the alimentary canal to be eliminated out of the body completely, by appropriate purification therapies.

· · ·

इति हि आहार्यम्

-- Translation -- So, sweating is done after oleation, but before elimination of Doshas by Panchakarma.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Thus ends the chapter Swedavidhi- the Seventeenth of Sutrasthana of Astangahrdaya Samhita.

· · ·

-- Translation -- This chapter explains in detail regarding Vamana and Virechana Panchakarma procedures. Who are best suited for these therapies, who are not, what are the signs to observe during the procedure, complications and treatments for such complications. It is the 18th Chapter of Ashtang Hridya Sutrasthana. It is called as Vamana Virechana Vidhi Adhyaya.

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

कफे विध्यात् वमनं संयोजे वां कफोलबणे तदवद् विरेचनं पित्ते

-- Translation -- Vamana - Emesis should be administered for increase of Kapha either alone or in combination with other Doshas where Kapha is predominant. Virechana - purgation should be administered to treat increase of Pitta - alone or in combination with other Doshas where Pitta is predominant. 1

· · ·

-- Translation -- Persons suitable for Vamana procedure - Vamana Arha

· · ·

[ Sutra 1b-2b ]

विशेषण तु वामयेत् नवज्वरातिसाराधः पित्तासृक्राजयक्ष्मणः कुष्ठमेहापचिग्रन्थिश्लीपद उन्मादकासिनः श्वासहुल्लासवीसर्पस्तन्यदोषध्वीरोगिणः

-- Translation -- Emesis should be administered to persons suffering from Navajwara - fever of recent origin Atisara - diarrhoea, dysentery Adha:pitta - Pitta imbalance in lower part of abdomen Pittasruk - Bleeding disorder due to Pitta imbalance Rajayakshma - Chronic Respiratory disorder Kushta - skin diseases Meha - diabetes, urinary tract disorders Apachi, Granthi - Goitre, tumour, fibroid Shleepada - Elephantiasis, Filariasis Unmada - Schizophrenia Kasa - cough, cold Shwasa - Chronic Respiratory tract disease, Asthma Hrullasa - nausea Visarpa - herpes Stanyadosha - vitiated breast milk Urdhvarga - diseases affected neck and above region 1b-2b

· · ·

अवाम्या गर्भिणी रूक्षः क्षुधितो नित्यदुःखितः। बालवृद्धकृशस्थूलहृद्रोगिक्षतदुर्बला।। प्रसक्तवमथुप्लीहातिमिरक्रिमिकोष्टिनःऊर्ध्वपवृत्तवातव्यसदत्ततबस्तिहृततस्वरा।। मूत्राघात्युदरी गुल्मी दुर्यमो अत्यग्निरर्शसः। उदावर्तभ्रमाष्ठीलापाश्र्वरुग्वातरोगिणः।। ऋते विषगराजीर्णविरुद्धाभ्यवहारतः।।

-- Translation -- Garbhini – The pregnant woman, Rooskha - persons who are dry -not undergone oleation therapy, Kshudhita – hungry, Nitya Dukhita - constantly grief-stricken, children, old persons, Krusha – the emaciated, Sthula – the obese, Hrudrogi - patient of heart disease, Kshata - the wounded, Durbala - weak, debilitated, who are having bouts of vomiting, Pleeha - enlargement of spleen, Timira - blindness, Krimikoshta - intestinal parasites, upward movement of vata and Asra- blood, Soon after administration of Vamana, who have loss of speech, dysuria, Uddara - ascites, interstinal obstruction, tumor of the abdomen, who faced difficulties during Vamana therapy, who have strong digestive activity, Arsha - hemorrhoids Urdhva Vata - upward movement of air - reverse peristalisis, Giddiness / Dizziness - enlargement of the prostate, Parshva vata - pain in the flanks and diseases caused by vata; Person suffering from poisoning, indigestion and who have consumed incompatible foods.

· · ·

प्रसक्तवमथोः पूर्वं प्रायेणामज्वरोऽपि च। धूमान्तेः कर्मभिरवर्ज्याः, सर्वैरैव त्वजोर्णिनः।।

-- Translation -- Those persons enumerated earlier to praskta vamathu and persons who are suffering from recent fevers are generally to be rejected for therapies ending with dhuma, and those suffering from indigestion from all therapies.

· · ·

विरेकसाध्यो गुल्माशोर्विस्फोटव्यङ्गकामला:

· · ·

जीर्णज्वरोरोदरगरच्छर्दिप्लीहहलीमका:

· · ·

विद्राधिस्तिमिरं काच: स्यान्द: पक्वाशयत्वथा:

· · ·

योनिशुक्राश्रयरोगा: कोष्ठगा: कृमयो व्रणा:

· · ·

वातासृमूर्ध्वगं रक्तं मूत्राघात: शाकृन्ग्रह:

· · ·

वाम्याश्च कुष्ठमेहाद्या:

· · ·

न तु रेच्या नवज्वरी अल्पाग्न्यधोगपित्तासृक्षतपाय्वतिसारिणः । सशल्यास्थापितकृशकोष्ठादिस्निग्धशोषिणः ॥

· · ·

-- Translation -- Navajwara – fever of recent origin Alpa Agni – poor digestive activity, Adhoga Raktapitta – bleeding disease of lower part of the body (such as bleeding per rectum wounds, Ulcers of the rectum Atisara – diarrhoea, dysentery Sashalya – foreign bodies; Who have been administered decoction enema, Krurakoshta – Persons who naturally have hard bowel movement, Atisnigdha - who have undergone excess of Oleation treatment Shosha – emaciated 10b-11

· · ·

अथ साधारणे काले स्निग्ध स्वन्नं यथाविधि श्वोवस्मक्लिष्टकफं मलस्यामष्टिलादिभिः । निशां सुप्तं सुजीर्णान्नं पूर्वाहने कृतमङ्गलं निरन्नमीप्सितस्निग्धं वा पेयया पीतसर्पिषं वृद्धबालाबलक्लीबभरीकृन् रोगानुरोधतः: आकण्ठं पायितान्मद्यं क्षीरमिक्षुरसं रसं यथाविकारविहितां मधुसेन्धवसंयुक्ताम् । कोष्ठं विभज्य भेषज्यमात्रां मन्त्राभिमन्त्रिताम् बहुमदक्षाशिरुद्रेन्द्रभूचन्द्रार्कोनितानलाः: ऋषयः सौषधिग्राम भूतसङ्घाश्च पान्तु वः ॥ १६ रसायनमिवर्षाणामामरणामिवामृतं सुघटितमत्रमात्राणां भेषज्यामदेवन्तु ते ॥ १७

· · ·

ॐ नमो भगवते भैषज्यगुरवे वैडूर्यप्रभराजाय तथागतायार्हते सम्यक्सम्बुद्धाय तदयथा ॐ भैषज्ये भैषज्ये महाभैषज्ये समुद्गते स्वाहा प्राड्मुखं पाययेत् ।

· · ·

-- Translation -- Next, during temperate seasons, after administering oleation and sweating therapy properly, on the day previous to the day of emesis, The patient is made sure that he has slept well the previous night. Patient is made sure that his previous food is well digested In the morning of the previous day to Vamana, at first, Auspicious rituals are carried out.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Next, Kapha Dosha is excited in the patient by administering peya (drink) / thin gruel prepared from fish, Masha (black gram), Tila (Sesame) etc. added with little quantity of fats, in morning.

· · ·

-- Translation -- On the day of Vamana, again, it is made sure that the patient's previous food has got digested and he had slept well.

· · ·

-- Translation -- He is either maintained on empty stomach or a little quantity of ghee is given.

· · ·

-- Translation -- The Aged, children, the debilitated, VIPs and cowards, should be made to drink wine, milk, sugarcane juice or meat juice added with honey and Saindhava salt, appropriate to the disease, to their maximum capacity.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Afterwards, determining the nature the nature of his bowels (Intestines - Koshta), the emetic drug is administered sanctifying it with the following hymn-

· · ·

-- Translation -- "Let Brahma, Daksa, Ashvinis, Rudra, Indra, the Earth, Moon, Sun, Air, Fire, Sages, comity of herbs, and of living beings protect you; let this medicine be to you like Rasayana for the Sages, Nector for gods and Sudha for the good serpents; Om, Salutations to the medicine." Uttering these hymns, he should drink the medicine, facing east. 12-18a

· · ·

-- Translation -- Note: The medicine given for Vamana depends on the disease. It usually contains Madanaphala (Randia spinosa), Licorice etc. Various combinations of Vamana drugs are discussed in a later chapter.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vamana Vidhi - Procedure of Vamana -

· · ·

पीतो मुहूर्तमनुपालयेत्

-- Translation -- पीतो मुहूर्तमनुपालयेत्

· · ·

तन्मनः जातहल्लासप्रसेकश्छर्दयेततत् अड्गुलिभ्यां अनायस्तो नालेन मृदुना अथवा गालताड्वरुजन वेगान अप्रवृत्तान प्रवर्तयन् प्रवृत्तांश्च जानुतुल्यासने स्थितः उभे पार्श्वे ललाटं च वमतश्चास्य धारयेत् प्रपीडयेतथ तथा नाभिं पुष्टं च प्रतिलोमतः

-- Translation -- तन्मनः जातहल्लासप्रसेकश्छर्दयेततत् अड्गुलिभ्यां अनायस्तो नालेन मृदुना अथवा गालताड्वरुजन वेगान अप्रवृत्तान प्रवर्तयन् प्रवृत्तांश्च जानुतुल्यासने स्थितः उभे पार्श्वे ललाटं च वमतश्चास्य धारयेत् प्रपीडयेतथ तथा नाभिं पुष्टं च प्रतिलोमतः

· · ·

कफे तीव्र्णोष्णकटुकैः पित्ते स्वादुहिमैरिति वमेत् स्निग्धाम्ललवणैः संसृष्टे मरुत् कफे

-- Translation -- कफे तीव्र्णोष्णकटुकैः पित्ते स्वादुहिमैरिति वमेत् स्निग्धाम्ललवणैः संसृष्टे मरुत कफे

· · ·

-- Translation -- In case of increase of Kapha, vomiting should be induced with drugs having properties like penetrating, hot and Pungent (Teekshna, Ushna, Katu);

· · ·

-- Translation -- In case of Pitta with drugs of sweet and cold properties and

· · ·

-- Translation -- In case of association of Vata with Kapha, with drugs of Unctuous, sour and salt properties.

· · ·

-- Translation -- (Snigdha Amla Lavana) 21b-22a

· · ·

[ Sutra 22 ]

पित्ततस्य दर्शंनं यात्रच्छेदो वा श्लेष्मणो भवेत् २२

-- Translation -- Vomiting should be allowed till the appearance- coming out of Pitta or complete expelling of Kapha.

· · ·

हीनवेगः कणाधात्री सिद्धार्थः लवणोदकैः

-- Translation -- If bouts are insufficient, they should be induced again and again by drinking water boiled with

· · ·

वमेत्पुनः

-- Translation -- Kana, Dhatri, Siddhartha and salt. (long pepper, Amla, White mustard and black salt)

· · ·

तत्र वेगानाम्प्रवर्तनम्

-- Translation -- Less bouts - Ayoga - Non - commencement of bouts, bouts coming on with hindrance or elimination of the medicine only- are the features of Ayoga- inadequate bouts; from it arise,

· · ·

प्रवृत्तिः सवि‌बन्धा वा केवलस्यौषधस्य वा

· · ·

अयोगस्तेन निष्ठीवकण्ठूकोठज्वरादयः

-- Translation -- excess of expectoration, itching, appearance of skin rashes, fever etc. 23b-24

· · ·

-- Translation -- Proper bouts - Samyak Yoga -

· · ·

[ Sutra 25 ]

निर्विबन्धं प्रवर्तन्ते कफपित्तानिलाः क्रमात्

-- Translation -- Kapha, Pitta and vata coming out in successive order, without any hindrance,

· · ·

मनः प्रसादः स्वास्थं चावस्थानं च स्वयं भवेत्

-- Translation -- calmness of the mind and cessation of vomit bouts on its own,

· · ·

वैपरित्यमयोगानां न चातिमहती व्यथा

-- Translation -- absence of features of inadequate bouts and

· · ·

सम्यक् योगे

-- Translation -- feeling of not too much of discomfort are the features of samyagyoga- proper bout.25a

· · ·

अतियोगे तु फेनचन्द्ररकतवत्

-- Translation -- In Atiyoga- excess bouts the vomited materials will be frothy, with glistering particles and blood;

· · ·

वमितं क्षामता दाहः कण्ठशोषस्तमो भ्रमः

· · ·

घोरा वायु आमया मृत्युः जीवशोणित निर्गमनात्

· · ·

[ Sutra 34 ]

बहुपित्तो मृदु: कोष्ठ: क्षीराणपि विरिच्यते प्रभूत मारुत: कूर: कृच्छ्रात् श्यामादिकैरपि

· · ·

[ Sutra 35 ]

कषायमधुरै: पित्ते विरेक:, कटुकै: कफे स्निग्धोष्णलवणैर्वात्यौ

· · ·

[ Sutra 36a ]

अपवृत्तौ तु पाययेत् उष्णाम्बु, स्वेदयेदस्य पाणितलेन चोदरम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 36b-38a ]

उत्थाने अल्पे दिने तस्मिन्मुक्तवा अन्येद्युः पुनः पिबेत् अतृड्‌दस्नेहकोष्ठस्तु पिबेदूद्र्ध्व दशाहतः: भृयो अप्युपस्कृततनु: स्नेहस्वेदैर्विरेचनम् यौगिकं सम्यगालोच्य स्मरन्‌पूर्वमतिक्रमम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 38 ]

हतकुक्षि अशुचिरुचिरुत्क्लेश: श्लेष्मपित्तयो:

· · ·

[ Sutra 39 ]

कण्डूविदाह: पिटिका: पीन्सो वातविदिग्रह: अयोगलक्षणम् योगो वैपरीत्ये यथोदितान्

· · ·

विट्टपित्तकफवातेषु नि:सृतेषु क्रमात्स्ववेत्

· · ·

[ Sutra 40 ]

नि:श्लेष्मपित्तमुदकं श्वेतं कृष्णां सलोहितम्‌

· · ·

[ Sutra 40 ]

मांस धावनतुल्यं वा मेदः खन्दाभमेव वा

· · ·

[ Sutra 41 ]

गुदनि:सरणं तृष्णाभ्रमो नेत्रप्रवेशनम्‌ भवन्ति अतिविरिक्तस्य तथा अतिवमनामया:

· · ·

-- Translation -- Ayoga - lesser quantity of purgation -

· · ·

-- Translation -- Discomfort in the region of the heart and abdomen,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Aruchi - anorexia,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Too much of Kapha and Pitta increase in the intestines (because they are not properly thrown out

· · ·

-- Translation -- of the body) or expulsion of Doshas coming out through the mouth,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Kandu - itching,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vidaha - burning sensation,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Pitika - eruption on the skin,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Peenasa - rhinitis,

· · ·

-- Translation -- Vata Vidgraha - blocking of flatus and constipation

· · ·

-- Translation -- are the features of Ayoga- inadequate bout of purgation therapy;

· · ·

-- Translation -- opposite of these are the features of proper bouts;

· · ·

-- Translation -- In case of Atiyoga - excess bouts

· · ·

-- Translation -- After the elimination of faeces, Pitta, Kapha and vata in Succeeding order, there will be

· · ·

-- Translation -- elimination of watery material which does not contain Kapha or Pitta, which is white, black or

· · ·

-- Translation -- slightly red in color, resembling the water in which meat has been washed or resembling a piece

· · ·

-- Translation -- of fat;

· · ·

-- Translation -- prolapse of the rectum, thirst, giddiness Sunken eyes and diseases caused by excess of vomiting-

· · ·

[ Sutra 42 ]

सम्यग्विरिक्तमेनं च वमनोक्तेन योजयेत्‌

· · ·

[ Sutra 42 ]

धूमवर्ज्येन विधिना ततो वमितवानीव

· · ·

[ Sutra 43 ]

क्रमेणान्नानि भुञ्जानो भजेत‌ प्रकृतिभोजनम्‌

· · ·

-- Translation -- The person who has undergone proper purgation therapy, should administered all other therapies,

· · ·

-- Translation -- except inhalation of smoke, which are described under emesis therapy; afterwards he should stick

· · ·

-- Translation -- to the regimen of diet, in the same way as of emesis therapy and then resume his normal food. 42-

· · ·

[ Sutra 43 ]

-- Translation -- 43

· · ·

[ Sutra 44 ]

मन्दवहिनिमसंशुद्दमक्षंं दोषदूषितबलम्‌

· · ·

[ Sutra 44 ]

अष्टजोर्णेतिडगं च लङ्घयेत्पीतभेषजम्

· · ·

[ Sutra 45a ]

स्नेहस्वेदौषदोत्क्लेशसङ्गैरिति च बाध्यते

· · ·

-- Translation -- On the day of consuming the purgation,

· · ·

-- Translation -- If the patient has weak digestion strength (Mandagni), coated feeling in the gut, and if the

· · ·

-- Translation -- digestion symptoms of previous food are not seen, he should be made to fast. By this fasting

· · ·

-- Translation -- he will not be harmed by the discomfort caused by the obstruction of Doshas, aggravated by

· · ·

-- Translation -- oleation, Sweating therapies. 44-45a

· · ·

संशोधनासविस्रावस्नेहयोजनलङ्घनैः यात्यग्निर्मन्दतां तस्मात् क्रमं पेयादिमाचरेत्

· · ·

सुतास्यपित्तश्लेष्माणं मद्यपं वातपैत्तिकम् पेयां न पाययेतेषां तर्पणादिक्रमो हितः

· · ·

अपक्वं वमनं दोषान् पच्यमानं विरेचनम् निर्हरतेवमनस्यातः पाकं न प्रतिपालयेत्

· · ·

दुर्बलो बहुदोषश्च दोषपाकेन यः स्वयम् विरिच्यते भेदनैयैर्भोज्यैस्तमुपपादयेत्

· · ·

दुर्बलः शोघितः पूर्वमल्पदोषः कृशो नरः अपरिजातकोष्ठश्च पिबेन् मृदुवलपौषधम् वरं तदसकृत्पीतमन्यथा संशयावहम् हरेऽबहुंश्चलान् दोषानल्पानलपान् पुनः पुनः दुर्बलस्य मृदु द्वैरल्पान् संशयमेतुतान्

· · ·

क्लेशयन्ति चिरं ते हि हन्युर्‌वीनमिहन्ति वा

· · ·

-- Translation -- Doshas which are more in quantity trouble the person greatly and even kill him, if not expelled out- by purification therapies.

· · ·

मन्दाग्निं कू्रकोष्ठं च साक्षारलवणैर्घृतैः

-- Translation -- Person who have weak digestion strength, Krura koshta – hard bowels (hard natured alimentary tract), should be administered ghee processed with Kshara and Lavana (Alkalis and salts), to

· · ·

सन्धुक्षिताग्निं विजितकफवातं च शोधयेत्‌

-- Translation -- Augment his digestive capacity and Vanquish Kapha and Vata; afterwards he should be given purification therapies. 52

· · ·

रूक्षबहूनिलकू्रकोष्ठव्यायामशीताशिनाम्‌

-- Translation -- In persons who are Rooksha (dry), who have great increase of Vata, who have hard natured Alimentary tract (Krura koshta), who do exercise regularly and who have strong digestion

· · ·

दीप्ताग्नीनां च भेषज्यमविरेचैव जीर्यति

-- Translation -- strength, the purgative drug gets digested without producing purgation;

· · ·

येभ्यो बस्तिः पुरा दद्यात्तत्‌ स्निग्धं विरेचनम्‌

-- Translation -- for them, an enema should be given first and then purgative drug which is Snigdha – (unctuous, oily) should be given

· · ·

शकृन्निरहर्तव्यं वा किञ्चित्क्षणमात्राभिः फलवर्त्तिभिः

-- Translation -- or the faeces should be removed first by using a strong rectal suppository made from fruits;

· · ·

प्रवृत्तं हि मलं स्निग्धो विरेको निर्हरेत्सुखम्‌

-- Translation -- the Doshas thus initiated in their movement, the purgative drug expels them easily. 53-55

· · ·

विषाभिघातपिटिकाकुष्ठशोफविसर्पिणः

-- Translation -- Persons who are suffering from poison , Abhighata (Trauma), Pitika(skin eruption), Kushta – skin diseases, Shopha (inflammation), Visarpa- herpes, Kamala (Jaundice), Anaemia and

· · ·

कामलापाण्डुमेहार्त्तन्नातिस्निग्धान् विशोधयेत्‌

-- Translation -- Diabetes, should be given the purgative therapy without too much of Snehana (oleation. Mild oleation itself is sufficient for them. All of them should be given fatty purgatives;

· · ·

सर्वान् स्नेहविरेकैश्च, रूक्षैस्तु स्नेहभावितान्‌

-- Translation -- those who have had oleation earlier should be given dry- non- fatty purgatives. 56

· · ·

कर्मणां वमनादीनां पुनरप्यन्तरेsन्तरे

-- Translation -- Note: Virechana is of two types. Snigdha Virechana and Rooksha Virechana.

· · ·

स्नेहस्वेदौ प्रयुज्जीत, स्नेहमन्ते बलाय च

-- Translation -- Snigdha Virechana- done by fatty purgative, such as a castor oil. Or the fatty material is mixed with herbs. Such as Castor oil mixed with Haritaki.

· · ·

-- Translation -- Rooksha Virechana – wherein dry purgative herb alone is given. For example, Trivrit Lehyam.

· · ·

[ Sutra 58 ]

मलो हि देहादुत्क्लेष्य हियते वाससो तथा स्नेहस्वेदैतथोतिक्लिष्टः शोष्यते शोधनैर्मलः

-- Translation -- Doshas getting loosened from the body by oleation and Sweating therapies are expelled out by purification therapies just like the dirt from the cloth - by washing.

· · ·

[ Sutra 59 ]

स्नेहस्वेदावनभ्यास्य कुर्यात् संशोधनं तु यः दारु शुष्कं इवानामे शरीरं तस्य दीर्यते

-- Translation -- The body of the person who resorts to purification therapies without undergoing oleation and Sweating habitually, gets broken just like a log of dry wood while being bent.

· · ·

[ Sutra 60 ]

बुद्धिप्रसादं बलमिन्द्रियाणां धातुस्थिरत्वं ज्वलनस्य दीप्तिं चिराच्च पाकं वयः करोति संशोधनं सम्यगुपास्यमानम्

-- Translation -- Clarity of the mind, strength of the sense organs, stability of the tissues, keenness of digestive power and slow ageing occur from purification therapies, properly undertaken.

· · ·

Thus ends the chapter- Vamana Virechana Vidhi- The eighteenth in Sutrasthana of Astangahrdaya Samhita.

· · ·

वातोल्बणेषु दोषेषु वाते वा वस्तिरिष्यते उपक्रमाणां सर्वेषां सो ऽग्रणीःस्तिविधस्तु सः ? निरुहो ऽनुवासनं बस्तिरुत्ततरः

-- Translation -- Basti is described for diseases with imbalanced Doshas having predominance of Vata or for diseases with Vata imbalance alone, It is the best among all treatments.

· · ·

तेन साध्येत् गुल्मानाहखुड्प्लीहशुदातीसारशूलेनः जीर्णज्वरप्रतिश्यायशुक्रानिलमलग्रहान् वर्ध्माश्मरीरोर्जोनाशान् दारुणांश्चानिलामयान्

-- Translation -- Patients suffering from Gulma - Tumors of the abdomen Anaha - bloating, fullness Khuda - gout, Pleeha Disease of the spleen, Splenomegaly

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

अनास्थाप्यास्त्वतिस्निग्ध:

-- Translation -- anasthāpyāstvatisnigdhah

· · ·

[ Sutra 1 ]

क्षतोस्को भृशं कृशः

-- Translation -- kṣatosko bhṛśaṁ kṛśah

· · ·

[ Sutra 2 ]

आमातिसारी वमिमान् संशुद्धो दत्तनावनः

-- Translation -- āmātisārī vamimān saṁśuddho dattanāvanah

· · ·

[ Sutra 3 ]

श्वासकासप्रसेकाहि द्मिमाध्मानाल्पवह्न्यः

-- Translation -- śvāsakāsaprasekāhi dmimādhānālpavahnyah

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[ Sutra 4 ]

शूनपायुः कृताहारो बद्धचिच्छद्‌दोदरी

-- Translation -- śūnapāyuḥ kṛtāhāro bad dhacicchad dodarī

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[ Sutra 4 ]

कुष्ठी च मदुमेही च मासान् सप्त च गभीणी

-- Translation -- kuṣṭhī ca madumehī ca māsān sapta ca gabhiṇī

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आस्थाप्यैव चानुवास्या विशेषादातिवहान्यः

-- Translation -- आस्थाप्यैव च अनुवास्या विशेषादातिवहान्यः

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[ Sutra 6 ]

रूक्षः केवलवातार्तः

-- Translation -- Dry and suffering only from diseases of vata.

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नानुवास्यासत्त एव च

-- Translation -- नानुवास्यासु अस्तु एव च

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[ Sutra 7-8 ]

ये अनास्थाप्यास्तथा पाण्डुकामलामेहपीनसाः| निरन्नप्लीहविडभेदिगुरुकोष्ठकफोदराः| अभिष्यन्दिॠशस्तूलकृमिकोष्टाद्यमारुताः| पीते विषे गऱे अपच्यां श्लीपदी गलगण्डवान्

-- Translation -- ये अनास्थाप्या: तथा पाण्डु कामला मेह पीनसाः | निरन्न प्लीह विदभेदि गुरुकोष्ठ कफोदराः | अभिष्यन्दि ॠश सथूल कृमि कोष्ठ आदि मारुताः | पीते विषे गऱे अपच्यां श्लीपदी गलगण्डवान्

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[ Sutra 9 ]

तथोस्तु नेत्रं हेमादिधातुदार्वास्थिवेणुजम् | गोपुच्छाकारमचिद्रंश्लक्षर्णर्जु गुलिकामुखम्

-- Translation -- तथोस्तु नेत्रं हेम आदि धातु दारु अस्थि वेणुजम् | गोपुच्छ आकारम अचिद्रं श्लक्षर्ण र्जु गुलिकामुखम्

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उने अब्दे पञ्च, पूर्णे अस्मिन्नासप्तभ्यो अङ्गुलानि षट्‌ सप्तमे सप्त, तान्यष्टौ द्वादशे, षोडशे नव

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द्वादशे नव, वयोबलशरीराणि प्रमाणमभिवर्द्धयेत्‌

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स्वाङ्गुष्ठेन समं मूले स्थौल्येनाग्रे कनिष्ठया

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पूर्णे अब्दे अङ्गुलभादाय तदर्धप्रवृद्धितमं

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त्र्यङ्गुलं परमं छिद्रं मूले अग्रे वहते तु यत्‌

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मुद्गं मार्ष कलायं च किलन्नं कर्कन्धुकं क्रमात्‌

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मूलच्छिद्रप्रमाเณन प्रान्ते घटिकर्णिककम्‌

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वर्त्या अग्रे पिहितं, मूले यथास्वं हृदङ्गुलान्तरम्‌

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कर्णिकाद्वितयं नेत्रे कुरीत

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तत्र च योजयेत्‌

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अजाविमहिषादीनां बस्तिं सुमृदितं दृढम्‌

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कषायरक्तं निश्छिद्रदृढग्रन्थिगन्थिसिरं तनुम्‌

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ग्राथितं साधु सूत्रेण सुखसंस्थाप्यशेषजम्‌

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बस्त्यभावे अङ्कपादं वा न्यसेद्वासो अथवा घनम्‌

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-- Translation -- Urinary bladder of goat, sheep, buffalo or other animals was used as enema bag. The bladder should be sturdy, well beaten, made red by tanning with astringent substances. The bladder should be devoid of holes, hard spots. It should not be torn. To such a bladder, big end of the nozzle is adjusted and tied with threads. If the bladder is not available, skin of thigh and legs of animals or thick cloth may be utilized for making the bag. 15-17

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-- Translation -- Niruha Matra (quantity of medicine for decoction enema):

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निरुहमात्रा प्रथमे प्रकुञ्चो वत्सरे परम्

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प्रकुञ्चवृद्धि: प्रत्यब्दं यावत्‌षट्प्रसृतास्तत:

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प्रसृतं वर्ज्येयेद्वे दवादशाष्टादस्य तु

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आसप्ततेरिदं मानं, दशैव प्रसृता: परम्

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-- Translation -- Anuvasana Matra- quantity for oil enema:-

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यथायथं निरुहस्य पादो मात्रा अनुवासने

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-- Translation -- Anuvasana Vidhi procedure of fat Enema:-

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आस्थाप्यं स्नेहितं स्विन्नं शुद्धं लब्धबलं पुन:

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अन्वासनार्थे विज्ञाय पूर्वमेवानुवासयेत्

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शीते वसन्ते च दिवा रात्रौ केचितत्ततो अन्यदा

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अभ्यक्तस्न्नातमुचितात्पादहीनं हितं लघु

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अस्थ्निग्धरूक्षमशितं सानुपानं द्वावदि च

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कृतचङक्रमणं मुक्तविण्मूत्रं शयने सुखे

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-- Translation -- If it comes out soon, another oil enema should be administered immediately because fat which does not remain inside does not serve the purpose. If the person has good digestive activity, and if the fat comes out after the stipulated time he can be given light food in the evening. 27- 29 ½.

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निवृत्तिकालः परमस्त्रयो यामास्ततः परम्‌ अहोरात्रमुपेक्षेत, परतः फलवर्तिभिः तीव्रैर्वा वास्तिभिः कुर्याद्यतनं सनेहनिवृत्तये

-- Translation -- The maximum time for the fat to come out is three Yama- nine hours; after that, it can be awaited for one day and night; later on, after 24 hours after administration, attempt should be made to remove it by force, with the help of rectal suppositories made from fruits or strong decoction enema. 30-31

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अतिरौष्यादानगच्छेन्न चेज्जाडयादिदोषकृत्‌ उपेक्षतेर्हि ततोऽध्युषितश्च निशां पिबेत्‌ प्रातर्नागधान्याम्भः कोषणं, केवलमेव वा

-- Translation -- If it does not come out due to severe dryness inside and does not produce any troubles like lassitude etc. it should be neglected and allowed to remain inside for the night; Next morning he is made to drink warm water either processed with ginger and coriander or plain. 32

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अन्वासयेतृतीीयेऽहिन पञ्चमे वा पुनश्च तम्‌

-- Translation -- Again he should be given fat enema on the third or fifth day, or till the fat gets well digested;

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-- Translation -- To whom fat enema can be given daily?

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यथा वा स्नेहेपक्वितः स्यादतो अत्युल्बणमारुतान्‌ व्यायामनित्यान्‌ दीप्ताग्नीन् रूक्षांशच प्रतिवासरम्‌

-- Translation -- Those who have profound increased of vata, who do exercises- Physical activities daily, who have good digestive power and those who are very dry can be given fat enema daily. 33-34

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इति स्नेहास्त्रिचतुरैः स्निग्धे स्रोतोविशुद्धये निरुहं शोधनं युज्यादास्निगधे स्नेहनं तनोः

-- Translation -- After 3 – 4 such fat enemas if the body is found to be well lubricated, purification decoction enema should be administered next, to clear the channels, if not well lubricated, fat enema only should be continued. 35

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-- Translation -- All these are then mixed together, churned well with a churner and made warm by keeping its container either in hot water or by steam from a pot. It should then be filled into the enema bag in that condition, which is neither too hot nor too cold, neither too fatty nor too dry, neither too strong nor mild, neither too thick nor too thin, neither too much nor too less in quantity, neither with too much of salt nor with it is then pushed into the rectum. 41-43

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पठन्यान्ये तु तदविदः

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मात्रां त्रिपलिकां कार्योत्नेहमाक्षिकयोः पृथक्

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कर्षाद्ध माणिमन्थस्य स्वस्थे कल्कपलद्वयम्

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सर्वद्रवाणां शेषाणां पलानि दश कलप्येत

-- Translation -- Some other experts of enema therapy say that the quantity of fats- oil, ghee and honey should be three pala (144 g) individually; Quantity of Manimantha (Saindhava salt) for healthy will be half a Karsha - 6 grams, the Kalka-paste of drugs be two Pala 96 g and of all the other liquids put together shall be 10Pala- 480 g. 44-44 ½

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[ Sutra 45 ]

माक्षिकं लवणं स्नेहं कल्कं क्काथमिति क्रमात् । यावपेत निरुहाणमेष संयोजने विधिः॥

-- Translation -- Honey, salt, fat, paste and decoction are