13. Kāṇḍa 13 — Rohita — the ascending Sun
Sūkta 1 — Adhyatma, Rohitaditya and others Devata, Brahma Rshi
Atharvaveda 13.1 · 60 mantras
13.1.1
उदेहि वाजिन् यो अप्स्व् अन्तर् इदं राष्ट्रं प्र विश सूनृतावत् ।
यो रोहितो विश्वम् इदं जजान स त्वा राष्ट्राय सुभृतं बिभर्तु ॥
udehi vājin yo apsv antar idaṃ rāṣṭraṃ pra viśa sūnṛtāvat ।
yo rohito viśvam idaṃ jajāna sa tvā rāṣṭrāya subhṛtaṃ bibhartu ॥
Rise, O mighty one, Vajin, who rule the people’s will at heart, and take on to the high office of this Rashtra, social order of truth, beauty and goodness. And may Rohita, the Glorious One, Lord Supreme, self-refulgent as the sun, who created and pervades the dynamics of nature and actions of humanity, sustain and support you in a state of equipoise. (The mantras in this sukta are to be interpreted in relation to the Lord Supreme, the Sun, and the ruler of the Rashtra according as the context emerges in the mantra.)
13.1.2
उद् वाज आ गन् यो अप्स्व् अन्तर् विश आ रोह त्वद्योनयो याः ।
सोमं दधानो ऽप ओषधीर् गाश् चतुष्पदो द्विपद आ वेशयेह ॥
ud vāja ā gan yo apsv antar viśa ā roha tvadyonayo yāḥ ।
somaṃ dadhāno 'pa oṣadhīr gāś catuṣpado dvipada ā veśayeha ॥
Vaja, mighty one, who is the heart core of the people’s will, has come up. O Ruler, rise as the first among these people who are your equals like brothers and sisters, and, bearing the peace and pleasures of soma for this Rashtra, settle in order the lands, cultures and traditions, the bipeds and the quadrupeds.
13.1.3
यूयम् उग्रा मरुतः पृश्निमातर इन्द्रेण युजा प्र मृणीत शत्रून् ।
आ वो रोहितः शृणवत् सुदानवस् त्रिषप्तासो मरुतः स्वादुसंमुदः ॥
yūyam ugrā marutaḥ pṛśnimātara indreṇa yujā pra mṛṇīta śatrūn ।
ā vo rohitaḥ śṛṇavat sudānavas triṣaptāso marutaḥ svādusaṃmudaḥ ॥
You brave and stormy Marut warriors, children of the colourful earth, friends and associates of Indra, ruler and commander of the fighting forces, crush the enemies of life and humanity. And may Rohita, Lord ruler Supreme, listen to you, Maruts, generous givers, warriors of thrice seven orders, creative participants in the inspiring congregation of the defence of motherland.
13.1.4
रुहो रुरोह रोहित आ रुरोह गर्भो जनीनां जनुषाम् उपस्थम् ।
ताभिः संरब्धम् अन्व् अविन्दन् षड् उर्वीर् गातुं प्रपश्यन्न् इह राष्ट्रम् आहाः ॥
ruho ruroha rohita ā ruroha garbho janīnāṃ januṣām upastham ।
tābhiḥ saṃrabdham anv avindan ṣaḍ urvīr gātuṃ prapaśyann iha rāṣṭram āhāḥ ॥
Rohita, ruler of blazing glory like the sun, has risen and presides over the new developments and, like a child, wins the affection of the mother powers of the nation. So loved by the people, the wide earthly realm of six directions welcomes him who, then, watching the future paths of progress, rules over the social order.
13.1.5
आ ते राष्ट्रम् इह रोहितो ऽहार्षीद् व्य् आस्थन् मृधो अभयं ते अभूत् ।
तस्मै ते द्यावापृथिवी रेवतीभिः कामं दुहाताम् इह शक्वरीभिः ॥
ā te rāṣṭram iha rohito 'hārṣīd vy āsthan mṛdho abhayaṃ te abhūt ।
tasmai te dyāvāpṛthivī revatībhiḥ kāmaṃ duhātām iha śakvarībhiḥ ॥
O man, it is the ruler refulgent as the sun who has brought the organised order of the Rashtra for you here on earth, removed the violent away, and consequently there is freedom from fear all round. May the heaven and earth with generous showers of divine power and favour bless you with fulfilment of your desires and ambitions.
13.1.6
रोहितो द्यावापृथिवी जजान तत्र तन्तुं परमेष्ठी ततान ।
तत्र शिश्रिये ऽज एकपादो ऽदृंहद् द्यावापृथिवी बलेन ॥
rohito dyāvāpṛthivī jajāna tatra tantuṃ parameṣṭhī tatāna ।
tatra śiśriye 'ja ekapādo 'dṛṃhad dyāvāpṛthivī balena ॥
O man, O ruler, Rohita, self-refulgent lord creator, brought the heaven and earth into being. Therein Parameshthi Prajapati, lord of life and living beings, evolved and extended the web of life. There pervaded and abided the eternal, unborn, sole self-sustained lord divine Aja and firmed up the heaven and earth in space.
13.1.7
रोहितो द्यावापृथिवी अदृंहत् तेन स्व स्तभितं तेन नाकः ।
तेनान्तरिक्षं विमिता रजांसि तेन देवा अमृतम् अन्व् अविन्दन् ॥
rohito dyāvāpṛthivī adṛṃhat tena sva stabhitaṃ tena nākaḥ ।
tenāntarikṣaṃ vimitā rajāṃsi tena devā amṛtam anv avindan ॥
Rohita, self-refulgent lord creator, fixed and firmed the heaven and earth in orbit. It is by him the heaven of bliss is sustained, by him are the middle regions and space comprehended, and by him the divine sages attain the immortal nectar of bliss.
13.1.8
वि रोहितो अमृशद् विश्वरूपं समाकुर्वाणः प्ररुहो रुहश् च ।
दिवं रूढ्वा महता महिम्ना सं ते राष्ट्रम् अनक्तु पयसा घृतेन ॥
vi rohito amṛśad viśvarūpaṃ samākurvāṇaḥ praruho ruhaś ca ।
divaṃ rūḍhvā mahatā mahimnā saṃ te rāṣṭram anaktu payasā ghṛtena ॥
Self-manifested Rohita, self-refulgent creator, having integrated the emerging and evolving materials of nature, reflected on the blue-print of the universe from the beginning to the end. May the Lord, having ascended to the highest heaven with his greatness, bless your dominion with milk and ghrta to the full.
13.1.9
यास् ते रुहः प्ररुहो यास् त आरुहो याभिर् आपृणासि दिवम् अन्तरिक्षम् ।
तासां ब्रह्मणा पयसा ववृधानो विशि राष्ट्रे जागृहि रोहितस्य ॥
yās te ruhaḥ praruho yās ta āruho yābhir āpṛṇāsi divam antarikṣam ।
tāsāṃ brahmaṇā payasā vavṛdhāno viśi rāṣṭre jāgṛhi rohitasya ॥
O Lord self-refulgent, all your evolutions of nature, all forms of nourishment and energy, all forms of development and progress with which you fill and overflow heaven and earth, are for the children of your creation. O sun, O ruler, O man, growing and rising with this nectar milk and divine message of theirs, keep awake and alert in the dominion and human community of Rohita, Lord Refulgent, the sun and the ruler.
13.1.10
यस् ते विशस् तपसः संबभूवुर् वत्सं गायत्रीम् अनु ता इहागुः ।
तास् त्वा विशन्तु मनसा शिवेन संमाता वत्सो अभ्य् एतु रोहितः ॥
yas te viśas tapasaḥ saṃbabhūvur vatsaṃ gāyatrīm anu tā ihāguḥ ।
tās tvā viśantu manasā śivena saṃmātā vatso abhy etu rohitaḥ ॥
O Ruler, your people, who have risen to a developed state of culture and education in life through austere discipline and have attained their present status in pursuance of Gayatri and the divine message of Gayatri, may, we pray, through their peaceful mind and mother Gayatri, win your love and confidence with loyalty, and may Rohita, self-refulgent lord, cherished worship of Gayatri, bless them with love and favour in real presence.
13.1.11
ऊर्ध्वो रोहितो अधि नाके अस्थाद् विश्वा रूपाणि जनयन् युवा कविः ।
तिग्मेनाग्निर् ज्योतिषा वि भाति तृतीये चक्रे रजसि प्रियाणि ॥
ūrdhvo rohito adhi nāke asthād viśvā rūpāṇi janayan yuvā kaviḥ ।
tigmenāgnir jyotiṣā vi bhāti tṛtīye cakre rajasi priyāṇi ॥
Rohita, lord supreme over all, abides in the highest state of bliss in existence. He, ever young beyond age, omniscient poetic creator, creates and shapes all forms of the universe. With fiery splendour of divinity, he shines in the highest heaven of Satya and Sattva beyond darkness and opacity, and creates, shapes and moves the dearest and most glorious objects in nature and humanity.
13.1.12
सहस्रशृङ्गो वृषभो जातवेदा घृताहुतः सोमपृष्ठः सुवीरः ।
मा मा हासीन् नाथितो नेत् त्वा जहानि गोपोषं च मे वीरपोषं च धेहि ॥
sahasraśṛṅgo vṛṣabho jātavedā ghṛtāhutaḥ somapṛṣṭhaḥ suvīraḥ ।
mā mā hāsīn nāthito net tvā jahāni gopoṣaṃ ca me vīrapoṣaṃ ca dhehi ॥
Lord of infinite rays of radiant light, giver of abundant showers of vitality and divine bliss, pervading, knowing and watching every thing in existence, served and worshipped with oblations of ghrta, seat as well as sustainer of peace and divine joy, holily most potent, may, I pray, never forsake me, nor must I, O Lord, ever turn off from you. Give me wealth of lands, cows and culture, bless me with strength and sensitivity of mind and senses, a strong community of the brave all round, and a long line of progeny worthy of the brave.
13.1.13
रोहितो यज्ञस्य जनिता मुखं च रोहिताय वाचा श्रोत्रेण मनसा जुहोमि ।
रोहितं देवा यन्ति सुमनस्यमानाः स मा रोहैः सामित्यै रोहयतु ॥
rohito yajñasya janitā mukhaṃ ca rohitāya vācā śrotreṇa manasā juhomi ।
rohitaṃ devā yanti sumanasyamānāḥ sa mā rohaiḥ sāmityai rohayatu ॥
Rohita, self-refulgent lord of glory as the Sun, is the originator and the original voice of creative and karmic yajna. I offer oblations of homage to Rohita in yajna with words while I chant the sacred mantras, with my mind while I meditate on the divine presence. Sages of divine mind and spirit, happy at heart, rise and reach the divine light and presence of Rohita. May the same lord of the creative yajna of evolution and social progress raise me with steady steps of elevation of my body, mind and soul to join and contribute my yajnic part in the assembly and other important congregations for the progress of humanity.
13.1.14
रोहितो यज्ञं व्य् अदधाद् विश्वकर्मणे तस्मात् तेजांस्य् उप मेमान्य् आगुः ।
वोचेयं ते नाभिं भुवनस्याधि मज्मनि ॥
rohito yajñaṃ vy adadhād viśvakarmaṇe tasmāt tejāṃsy upa memāny āguḥ ।
voceyaṃ te nābhiṃ bhuvanasyādhi majmani ॥
Vishvakarma with his divine vibration of thought sankalpa initiated the cosmic yajna of creative evolution. Mother Nature with divine pervasion, Rohita, the sun, and the ruler organise and extend the yajna of natural and social evolution onwards in the service of the lord supreme, Vishvakarma. From that yajna and this extension come to me all these brilliant gifts of light, comfort and dignity. O lord, O sun, O rulers, in this grand spectacle of existence from the macrocosmic to the microcosmic dynamics of yajna, I sing and celebrate your basic and central glory and majesty.
13.1.15
आ त्वा रुरोह बृहत्य् उत पङ्क्तिर् आ ककुब् वर्चसा जातवेदः ।
आ त्वा रुरोहोष्णिहाक्षरो वषट्कार आ त्वा रुरोह रोहितो रेतसा सह ॥
ā tvā ruroha bṛhaty uta paṅktir ā kakub varcasā jātavedaḥ ।
ā tvā rurohoṣṇihākṣaro vaṣaṭkāra ā tvā ruroha rohito retasā saha ॥
O Jataveda, lord all-pervasive and omniscient, hymns of the Veda in Brhati metre, in Pankti, in Kakup, all with their divine beauty and grace rise to you in homage and celebrate your glory. So do Ushnik hymns, word by word, letter by letter, rise to you and celebrate your glory. So does the Vashatkara offer you homage of celebration. And so does Rohita, the refulgent sun, with its living light and vitality, shine in celebration of your glory and rises to honour you.
13.1.16
अयं वस्ते गर्भं पृथिव्या दिवं वस्ते ऽयम् अन्तरिक्षम् ।
अयं ब्रध्नस्य विष्टपि स्वर् लोकान् व्य् आनशे ॥
ayaṃ vaste garbhaṃ pṛthivyā divaṃ vaste 'yam antarikṣam ।
ayaṃ bradhnasya viṣṭapi svar lokān vy ānaśe ॥
This Rohita, self-refulgent Supreme Divine pervades, energises and vitalises the earth’s womb of fertility, it pervades and illuminates the heaven and the firmament, and it pervades and divinizes the highest regions of bliss on top of the regions of the sun.
13.1.17
वाचस् पते पृथिवी नः स्योना स्योना योनिस् तल्पा नः सुशेवा ।
इहैव प्राणः सख्ये नो अस्तु तं त्वा परमेष्ठिन् पर्य् अग्निर् आयुषा वर्चसा दधातु ॥
vācas pate pṛthivī naḥ syonā syonā yonis talpā naḥ suśevā ।
ihaiva prāṇaḥ sakhye no astu taṃ tvā parameṣṭhin pary agnir āyuṣā varcasā dadhātu ॥
O Vachaspati, lord of divine speech, let the earth be kind and pleasant to us, let the bed be comfortable and restful for us, let the home be full of peace and joy. Here itself let pranic energy be friendly and energising for us. O Lord Supreme, let Agni, leading light of life, hold on to you with all his brilliance and do you homage with th dedication of his life and work.
13.1.18
वाचस् पत ऋतवः पञ्च ये नौ वैश्वकर्मणाः परि ये संबभूवुः ।
इहैव प्राणः सख्ये नो अस्तु तं त्वा परमेष्ठिन् परि रोहित आयुषा वर्चसा दधातु ॥
vācas pata ṛtavaḥ pañca ye nau vaiśvakarmaṇāḥ pari ye saṃbabhūvuḥ ।
ihaiva prāṇaḥ sakhye no astu taṃ tvā parameṣṭhin pari rohita āyuṣā varcasā dadhātu ॥
O Vachaspati, lord of divine speech, let the five seasons, shaped by Vishvakarma, maker of the universe, with five elements, which affect us all round, be good and favourable to us ruler and the people. Throughout these seasons here, let pranic energy too be friendly and energising for us. O Lord Supreme, let the brilliant ruler, Rohita, as the refulgent sun, hold on to you with all his splendour and do you homage with the dedication of his life. (Of the seasons, shishir and hemanta may be taken as one, the cold season.)
13.1.19
वाचस् पते सौमनसं मनश् च गोष्ठे नो गा जनय योनिषु प्रजाः ।
इहैव प्राणः सख्ये नो अस्तु तं त्वा परमेष्ठिन् पर्य् अहम् आयुषा वर्चसा दधातु ॥
vācas pate saumanasaṃ manaś ca goṣṭhe no gā janaya yoniṣu prajāḥ ।
ihaiva prāṇaḥ sakhye no astu taṃ tvā parameṣṭhin pary aham āyuṣā varcasā dadhātu ॥
O Vachaspati, lord of divine speech, let our mind be noble and cheerful with good intentions and will. Let noble speech be generated in our assemblies. Let noble children be bom in our families, and fertile cows be produced in our stalls and meadows. Here itself let pranic energy be favourable and friendly for us. O Lord Supreme, I, the ruler as well as the individual, dedicate myself to you with all my power and intelligence for all my life time.
13.1.20
परि त्वा धात् सविता देवो अग्निर् वर्चसा मित्रावरुणाव् अभि त्वा ।
सर्वा अरातीर् अवक्रामन्न् एहीदं राष्ट्रम् अकरः सुनृतावत् ॥
pari tvā dhāt savitā devo agnir varcasā mitrāvaruṇāv abhi tvā ।
sarvā arātīr avakrāmann ehīdaṃ rāṣṭram akaraḥ sunṛtāvat ॥
O man, O ruler, may self-refulgent Savita, creator and inspirer lord divine, protect, inspire and sustain you all round. May Agni, light and fire of life, bless you with valour, passion and splendour. Let Mitra and Varuna, prana and apana energies with love and judgement, with enthusiasm, maintain you with wisdom and vitality. Let all adversities and deprivations be far out of the commonwealth of humanity. And may you thus make the dominion a social embodiment of truth and law of freedom and conscience under the divine umbrella.
13.1.21
यं त्वा पृषती रथे प्रष्टिर् वहति रोहित ।
शुभा यासि रिणन्न् अपः ॥
yaṃ tvā pṛṣatī rathe praṣṭir vahati rohita ।
śubhā yāsi riṇann apaḥ ॥
O Rohita, O Ruler, O man, whom the leading creative and dynamic forces of the nation exalt and advance in the dominion like a leading team of horse driving the ruler’s chariot onwart, you move forward, higher and higher, along auspicious lines, releasing streams of energy and action on the national scale and leaving a glorious trail of progress and prosperity behind.
13.1.22
अनुव्रता रोहिणी रोहितस्य सूरिः सुवर्णा बृहती सुवर्चाः ।
तया वाजान् विश्वरूपां जयेम तया विश्वाः पृतना अभि ष्याम ॥
anuvratā rohiṇī rohitasya sūriḥ suvarṇā bṛhatī suvarcāḥ ।
tayā vājān viśvarūpāṃ jayema tayā viśvāḥ pṛtanā abhi ṣyāma ॥
Rohini committed to Rohita, Prakrti committed to Parameshvara, nation committed to the ruler, woman committed to the head of the family, these are brave and inspiring, noble in form and performance, far and wide across lands and spaces, brilliantly wise and valorous. By these, let us accomplish the war-like programmes of national development of all forms and hues, let us win over all battle forces of life in the world against the adversaries of negative character.
13.1.23
इदं सदो रोहिणी रोहितस्यासौ पन्थाः पृषती येन याति ।
तां गन्धर्वाः कश्यपा उन् नयन्ति तां रक्षन्ति कवयो ऽप्रमादम् ॥
idaṃ sado rohiṇī rohitasyāsau panthāḥ pṛṣatī yena yāti ।
tāṃ gandharvāḥ kaśyapā un nayanti tāṃ rakṣanti kavayo 'pramādam ॥
This house of the people is the ruling leader’s seat of power, and this people’s power, Rohini, is the real strength and foundation of the ruler, and that policy and programme decided in the house is the path by which the leading power of the nation advances to progress and achievement. And this leading power of the nation, the people and the policy, Gandharvas, sagely scholars of divine speech, and Kashyapas, enlightened leaders of the nation, preserve in tradition and raise higher, and that very culture, character and tradition, poets and artists celebrate, protect and promote, continuously, without relent and doubt or question.
13.1.24
सूर्यस्याश्वा हरयः केतुमन्तः सदा वहन्त्य् अमृताः सुखं रथम् ।
घृतपावा रोहितो भ्राजमानो दिवं देवः पृषतीम् आ विवेश ॥
sūryasyāśvā harayaḥ ketumantaḥ sadā vahanty amṛtāḥ sukhaṃ ratham ।
ghṛtapāvā rohito bhrājamāno divaṃ devaḥ pṛṣatīm ā viveśa ॥
Just as the radiant light-horses of the sun’s chariot, nectarous flag-bearers of solar power, draw on the comfortable chariot of the sun, and the sun, Rohita, generous and refulgent, vests the light rays and pervades the heavenly regions, sprinkling the earth from there with the ghrta of energy and heat of life, so do the people, policies and programmes of the nation, radiant flag bearers and motive forces of the social order and the rule of governance, always draw the nation’s chariot of peace and nectarous glory without relent, and the ruling leader, nation’s genius, blazing in majesty, generous and creative, sprinkling the earth with ghrta showers of peace and prosperity, pervades, informs and inspires the nation and her children with the pride and dignity of
13.1.25
यो रोहितो वृषभस् तिग्मशृङ्गः पर्य् अग्निं परि सूर्यं बभूव ।
यो विष्टभ्नाति पृथिवीं दिवं च तस्माद् देवा अधि सृष्टीः सृजन्ते ॥
yo rohito vṛṣabhas tigmaśṛṅgaḥ pary agniṃ pari sūryaṃ babhūva ।
yo viṣṭabhnāti pṛthivīṃ divaṃ ca tasmād devā adhi sṛṣṭīḥ sṛjante ॥
Rohita, self-refulgent lord supreme of infinite rays of light, most potent and generous, who rules over the fire and the sun, who sustains heaven and earth, is he, from whose power and inspiration the divine forces of nature and brilliant creative human geniuses create and shape the many forms of existence, art and science.
13.1.26
रोहितो दिवम् आरुहन् महतः पर्य् अर्णवात् ।
सर्वो रुरोह रोहितो रुहः ॥
rohito divam āruhan mahataḥ pary arṇavāt ।
sarvo ruroha rohito ruhaḥ ॥
Rohita, refulgent sun, evolving from the mighty ocean of particles, rose to heaven, and all-creative Lord Self-refulgent, Supreme Rohita, pervades and transcends over all emergent forms of existence.
13.1.27
वि मिमीष्व पयस्वतीं घृताचीं देवानां धेनुर् अनपस्पृग् एषा ।
इन्द्रः सोमं पिबतु क्षेमो अस्त्व् अग्निः प्र स्तौतु वि मृधो नुदस्व ॥
vi mimīṣva payasvatīṃ ghṛtācīṃ devānāṃ dhenur anapaspṛg eṣā ।
indraḥ somaṃ pibatu kṣemo astv agniḥ pra stautu vi mṛdho nudasva ॥
O man, O scholar, O ruler, this earth, this nature. is the sacred cow of the Divinities. Study it, know it, measure it for your purpose, it is overflowing with water, milk and ghrta. Let Indra, the ruler and the nation of humanity, drink the nectar soma of her gifts. Let Agni, the leading scholar, study and describe it with praise and exaltation. O man, drive out all enemies opposotions, polluters and destroyers of earth and the environment.
13.1.28
समिद्धो अग्निः समिधानो घृतवृद्धो घृताहुतः ।
अभीषाट् विश्वाषाड् अग्निः सपत्नान् हन्तु ये मम ॥
samiddho agniḥ samidhāno ghṛtavṛddho ghṛtāhutaḥ ।
abhīṣāṭ viśvāṣāḍ agniḥ sapatnān hantu ye mama ॥
Let Agni, the ruler, the leading lights of life, the fire of life and passion for purity, lighted up, fed with ghrta, raised up in flames, burning and blazing challenger, all evil destroyer, throw out and destroy all those negativities that are our enemies.
13.1.29
हन्त्व् एनान् प्र दहत्व् अरिर् यो नः पृतन्यति ।
क्रव्यादाग्निना वयं सपत्नान् प्र दहामसि ॥
hantv enān pra dahatv arir yo naḥ pṛtanyati ।
kravyādāgninā vayaṃ sapatnān pra dahāmasi ॥
Let Agni, ruling light and fire, bum off these enemies, bum whoever the enemy that attacks us with a fighting force. We burn the destructive enemies and adversaries with deathly fire.
13.1.30
अवाचीनान् अव जहीन्द्र वज्रेण बाहुमान् ।
अधा सपत्नान् मामकान् अग्नेस् तेजोभिर् आदिषि ॥
avācīnān ava jahīndra vajreṇa bāhumān ।
adhā sapatnān māmakān agnes tejobhir ādiṣi ॥
Indra, ruling power and defence force armed with thunder, throw down and destroy the enemies with the strike of thunderbolt. And I too subdue and control my fighting adversaries with the heat and blaze of fire.
13.1.31
अग्ने सपत्नान् अधरान् पादयास्मद् व्यथया सजातम् उत्पिपानं बृहस्पते ।
इन्द्राग्नी मित्रावरुणाव् अधरे पद्यन्ताम् अप्रतिमन्यूयमानाः ॥
agne sapatnān adharān pādayāsmad vyathayā sajātam utpipānaṃ bṛhaspate ।
indrāgnī mitrāvaruṇāv adhare padyantām apratimanyūyamānāḥ ॥
O Agni, ruling and fighting force of fire, throw down and crush our destructive adversaries. O Brhaspati, lord of divine speech and wisdom, bring to naught the rebellious rivals even in our own ranks. O Indragni, ruling power and leading light of humanity, O Mitra and Varuna, powers of love and judgement, let our enemies fall down, their ambition, anger and enmity turned futile.
13.1.32
उद्यंस् त्वं देव सूर्य सपत्नान् अव मे जहि ।
अवैनान् अश्मना जहि ते यन्त्व् अधमं तमः ॥
udyaṃs tvaṃ deva sūrya sapatnān ava me jahi ।
avainān aśmanā jahi te yantv adhamaṃ tamaḥ ॥
O refulgent sun, brilliant ruler, rising in power and justice, eliminate our destructive rivals and adversaries. Destroy these enemies with the arms of thunder. Let them fall to deepest darkness and oblivion.
13.1.33
वत्सो विराजो वृषभो मतीनाम् आ रुरोह शुक्रपृष्ठो ऽन्तरिक्षम् ।
घृतेनार्कम् अभ्य् अर्चन्ति वत्सं ब्रह्म सन्तं ब्रह्मणा वर्धयन्ति ॥
vatso virājo vṛṣabho matīnām ā ruroha śukrapṛṣṭho 'ntarikṣam ।
ghṛtenārkam abhy arcanti vatsaṃ brahma santaṃ brahmaṇā vardhayanti ॥
Darling child of the cosmic mother form, mighty virile and generous, firmly based in light and purity, rises on top of the firmament and moves to the heart and love of the sagely wise. Sages and people do homage with ghrta to the adorable darling of their love, and mighty great as he is, highest among humanity, they exalt him with hymns of the Veda.
13.1.34
दिवं च रोह पृथिवीं च रोह राष्ट्रं च रोह द्रविणं च रोह ।
प्रजां च रोहामृतं च रोह रोहितेन तन्वं सं स्पृषस्व ॥
divaṃ ca roha pṛthivīṃ ca roha rāṣṭraṃ ca roha draviṇaṃ ca roha ।
prajāṃ ca rohāmṛtaṃ ca roha rohitena tanvaṃ saṃ spṛṣasva ॥
O Ruler, O ruling spirit of man, enlightened soul, rise to the heaven, rise and win over the earth, rise and rule over the dominion, rise, attain and rule over the knowledge, power and wealth of the world, rise and raise a noble family, rise and have a taste of the ecstasy of immortality, and with a union of the self with the light of eternity be free beyond mortality.
13.1.35
ये देवा राष्ट्रभृतो ऽभितो यन्ति सूर्यम् ।
तैष् टे रोहितः सम्विदानो राष्ट्रं दधातु सुमनस्यमानः ॥
ye devā rāṣṭrabhṛto 'bhito yanti sūryam ।
taiṣ ṭe rohitaḥ samvidāno rāṣṭraṃ dadhātu sumanasyamānaḥ ॥
Those divine souls who are brilliant and generous and all round rise to the sun without reservation are sustainers and burden-bearers of the social order. Let Rohita, the ruler, happy and noble at heart, knowing, meeting and winning their cooperation, rule and maintain the governance and administration of the social order.
13.1.36
उत् त्वा यज्ञा ब्रह्मपूता वहन्त्य् अध्वगतो हरयस् त्वा वहन्ति ।
तिरः समुद्रम् अति रोचसे ऽर्णवम् ॥
ut tvā yajñā brahmapūtā vahanty adhvagato harayas tvā vahanti ।
tiraḥ samudram ati rocase 'rṇavam ॥
O Rohita, divine spirit of man, brilliant ruler, the yajnas sanctified by Veda and blest by Divinity raise you high. Purified senses, mind and intelligence, noble sages on the path divine, all take you forward, thereby you cross the earthly sea and spatial ocean and shine beyond in the light of Divinity.
13.1.37
रोहिते द्यावापृथिवी अधि श्रिते वसुजिति गोजिति संधनाजिति ।
सहस्रं यस्य जनिमानि सप्त च वोचेयं ते नाभिं भुवनस्याधि मज्मनि ॥
rohite dyāvāpṛthivī adhi śrite vasujiti gojiti saṃdhanājiti ।
sahasraṃ yasya janimāni sapta ca voceyaṃ te nābhiṃ bhuvanasyādhi majmani ॥
Heaven and earth are sustained in Rohita, self-refulgent Brahma, supreme ruler over living planets, stars and galaxies, and master of the entire wealth of matter, energy and intelligence in existence. Thousands are his created forms of life, seven the orders of universe. in the midst of the dynamics of which and over the farthest borders of which, the ruling lord is Brahma. Of that Lord and Master, of that centre-hold of existence, immanent and transcendent in and over all, I sing. That I celebrate.
13.1.38
यशा यासि प्रदिशो दिशश् च यशाः पशूनाम् उत चर्षणीनाम् ।
यशाः पृथिव्या अदित्या उपस्थे ऽहं भूयासं सवितेव चारुः ॥
yaśā yāsi pradiśo diśaś ca yaśāḥ paśūnām uta carṣaṇīnām ।
yaśāḥ pṛthivyā adityā upasthe 'haṃ bhūyāsaṃ saviteva cāruḥ ॥
O Sun, honoured and adored, you sojourn over and across space and sub-spaces in all directions and subdirections. Honoured and adored, you vibrate among living beings and moving humanity. O Lord Supreme, I pray, let me too, like the sun, with honour and fame, be loved and esteemed in the lap of mother earth and the imperishable Prakrti.
13.1.39
अमुत्र सन्न् इह वेत्थेतः संस् तानि पश्यसि ।
इतः पश्यन्ति रोचनं दिवि सूर्यं विपश्चितम् ॥
amutra sann iha vetthetaḥ saṃs tāni paśyasi ।
itaḥ paśyanti rocanaṃ divi sūryaṃ vipaścitam ॥
O Lord Supreme, O Sun, being there you know, see and illuminate every thing here, and being here, you know and see every thing there. The wise sages, however, from here only, see and realise the refulgent Sun, omniscient and illuminant, there in the heaven of light.
13.1.40
देवो देवान् मर्चयस्य् अन्तश् चरस्य् अर्णवे ।
समानम् अग्निम् इन्धते तं विदुः कवयः परे ॥
devo devān marcayasy antaś carasy arṇave ।
samānam agnim indhate taṃ viduḥ kavayaḥ pare ॥
The supreme self-refulgent Brahma moves, illuminates and reveals the divine gifts of Its potential, Prakrti, and pervades and rolls in the bottomless ocean of existence. Poets and creative visionaries of the highest order know and realise that Brahma who also kindles the fire and the sun, his version in reflection, akin.
13.1.41
अवः परेण पर एनावरेण पदा वत्सं बिब्रती गौर् उद् अस्थात् ।
सा कद्रीची कं स्विद् अर्धं परागात् क्व स्वित् सूते नहि यूथे अस्मिन् ॥
avaḥ pareṇa para enāvareṇa padā vatsaṃ bibratī gaur ud asthāt ।
sā kadrīcī kaṃ svid ardhaṃ parāgāt kva svit sūte nahi yūthe asmin ॥
Bearing this lower, tangible form of existential reality by that higher intangible presence of essential Reality by immanence, and bearing that higher, intangible presence of essential Reality by this lower, tangible form of existential reality by reflection, the Gau (‘Cow’, Prakrti, Divine Speech) yet rises above the expressive medium of form. Where from does it come? To which self-sufficient, self-existent presence and power does it retire? Where at all in the created world of existence does it abide? Not, of course, in the multitude of humanity. (Shvetashvatara Upanishad (1,7) describes the ultimate Reality as Brahma which comprises a threefold self-existent trinity of Ishvara, jiva and Prakrti. Brhadaranyaka Upanishad (2, 3,1) describes the existential version of Brahma as twofold: Murtta (concrete), and Amurtta (abstract). The existential Tapas (acti-vity) of Brahma is articulated in Rgveda, The existential Tapas starts with divine self-awareness: T am Brahma’ (Brhadaranyaka Upanishad, 1, 4, 10). It moves to thought and desire with the divine intention, Sankalpa, to create the many forms of existence (Ibid. 1, 4, 17). The existential extentional activity then is: awareness, thought, and form. Thought is abstract (Amurtta), and form is concrete (Murtta). The Amurtta-and-Murtta expresses itself through two media: Prakrti and Speech. The concrete prakrtic form is the universe, the tangible speech form is Veda. Prakrti bears this universe by the self-conscious presence of That Brahma through Its immanence; and it bears that Brahma by this universe through Its reflection in the universe. So the concrete, tangible, universe is a reflection of Brahma, and Brahma is the abstract Spirit of the universe. Prakrti is the medium in both cases, and still Prakrti transcends the universe, its concrete mode, just as Brahma transcends its immanence as well as its reflection in the universe. Similarly speech is the medium of divine Brahma-awareness, and Veda is the articulation, in speech form, of that awareness. Speech is the medium in both cases, of awareness and of the articulation. And Still Speech transcends the Veda, its tangible form, as awareness transcends the expression in words and Brahma transcends Its immanence and reflection in the universe. For futher thought, deep reflection on Jagad Brahma and Shabda-Brahma is suggested.)
13.1.42
एकपदी द्विपदी सा चतुष्पद्य् अष्टापदी नवपदी बभूवुषी ।
सहस्राक्षरा भुवनस्य पङ्क्तिस् तस्याः समुद्रा अधि वि क्षरन्ति ॥
ekapadī dvipadī sā catuṣpady aṣṭāpadī navapadī babhūvuṣī ।
sahasrākṣarā bhuvanasya paṅktis tasyāḥ samudrā adhi vi kṣaranti ॥
This speech, the holy ‘Cow’, evolves, corresponding to the evolution of Prakrti and life, by one step, two steps, four steps, eight steps, nine steps, and still evolves over many more. It evolves over a thousand imperishable elements in correspondence with the evolution of the universe and the interaction of humanity and its environment. From this as from Prakrti flow out oceans, oceans of existence and treasures of knowledge of infinite divine awareness, words and meanings. (The steps of the evolution of Prakrti, as those of corresponding speech, are to be worked out from Mahat, the first existential mode of indescribable Prakrti, to the two, Mahat and Ahankara, then to four, Mahat, Ahankara, Tanmatras and mind-sense complex, then to eight, five gross elements from ether to earth, herbs, food, and vitality, and then to nine, extending to the evolution of life forms. Another suggestion is: One, Prakrti, two, Prakrti and Purusha; four, mana, buddhi, chitta and ahankara (mind, intelligence, memory and I-sense or sense of identity); eight, the eight chakras or centres of vital energy and awareness; and nine, the ‘nine-door’ entrances and exits of the human bodily system. Sahasrakshara Pankti is the boundless expansion of galaxies, stars and planets and the corrosponding words of speech.)
13.1.43
आरोहन् द्याम् अमृतः प्राव मे वचः ।
उत् त्वा यज्ञा ब्रह्मपूता वहन्त्य् अध्वगतो हरयस् त्वा वहन्ति ॥
ārohan dyām amṛtaḥ prāva me vacaḥ ।
ut tvā yajñā brahmapūtā vahanty adhvagato harayas tvā vahanti ॥
Lord Immortal and Eternal, rising and refulgent in the heavenly regions of light, may, I pray, listen, honour and justify my words of prayer which, O Lord, these yajnic performances sanctified by Vedic hymns carry to you as rays of the sun on their destined course conduct the light to the world.
13.1.44
वेद तत् ते अमर्त्य यत् त आक्रमणं दिवि ।
यत् ते सधस्थं परमे व्योमन् ॥
veda tat te amartya yat ta ākramaṇaṃ divi ।
yat te sadhasthaṃ parame vyoman ॥
Lord of Immortality and Eternity, I know and realise your emergence and radiance in the highest region of light and your seat of presence which is in the ultimate haven of bliss.
13.1.45
सूर्यो द्यां सूर्यः पृठिवीं सूर्य आपोऽति पश्यति ।
सूर्यो भूतस्यैकं चक्षुर् आ रुरोह दिवं महीम् ॥
sūryo dyāṃ sūryaḥ pṛṭhivīṃ sūrya āpo'ti paśyati ।
sūryo bhūtasyaikaṃ cakṣur ā ruroha divaṃ mahīm ॥
The Sun looks through and even beyond the highest region of light, the Sun shines over the earth and beyond, and the Sun penetrates through and beyond the waters and particles of space and the will and actions of humanity. The Sun is the one, only and unique eye of all living beings in existence, and the sun ascends to the highest heaven of space in existence.
13.1.46
उर्वीर् आसन् परिधयो वेदिर् भूमिर् अकल्पत ।
तत्रैताव् अग्नी आधत्त हिमं घ्रंसं च रोहितः ॥
urvīr āsan paridhayo vedir bhūmir akalpata ।
tatraitāv agnī ādhatta himaṃ ghraṃsaṃ ca rohitaḥ ॥
The expansions of vast space are borders of cosmic yajna, of which the earth is formed as vedi. Thereon Rohita, Lord Supreme, the Sun, has placed these fires of cold-and-heat in creative complementarity.
13.1.47
हिमं घ्रंसं चाधाय यूपान् कृत्वा पर्वतान् ।
वर्षाज्याव् अग्नी ईजाते रोहितस्य स्वर्विदः ॥
himaṃ ghraṃsaṃ cādhāya yūpān kṛtvā parvatān ।
varṣājyāv agnī ījāte rohitasya svarvidaḥ ॥
Having placed the double fires of cold and heat in the earthly vedi, and having made the mountains as yajna posts of accomplishment, Rohita conducts the yajna, and the two fires, rain as medium of cold and ghrta as fuel of fire, conduct the creative yajna of Rohita, the spirit of existential bliss.
13.1.48
स्वर्विदो रोहितस्य ब्रह्मणाग्निः सम् इध्यते ।
तस्माद् घ्रंसस् तस्माद् धिमस् तस्माद् यज्ञो ऽजायत ॥
svarvido rohitasya brahmaṇāgniḥ sam idhyate ।
tasmād ghraṃsas tasmād dhimas tasmād yajño 'jāyata ॥
The original creative fire of the existential yajna of Rohita, lord and spirit of cosmic bliss, is kindled, raised and conducted with simultaneous chant of Vedic hymns. And from that yajnic fire arises heat, thence cold, and thence arises the whole process of the yajna of creative evolution.
13.1.49
ब्रह्मणाग्नी वावृधानौ ब्रह्मवृद्धौ ब्रह्माहुतौ ।
ब्रह्मेद्धाव् अग्नी ईजाते रोहितस्य स्वर्विदः ॥
brahmaṇāgnī vāvṛdhānau brahmavṛddhau brahmāhutau ।
brahmeddhāv agnī ījāte rohitasya svarvidaḥ ॥
The complementary fires of cold and heat, called up into emergence by Brahma, kindled by Brahma, raised by Brahma and continued by Brahma with the simultaneous chant of Brahma-Veda carry on the creative evolutionary yajna of refulgent Rohita, Lord and Spirit of existential bliss.
13.1.50
सत्ये अन्यः समाहितो ऽप्स्व् अन्यः सम् इध्यते ।
ब्रह्मेद्धाव् अग्नी ईजाते रोहितस्य स्वर्विदः ॥
satye anyaḥ samāhito 'psv anyaḥ sam idhyate ।
brahmeddhāv agnī ījāte rohitasya svarvidaḥ ॥
One fire of the two is placed in truth and commitment with knowledge and faith, the other is placed in the waters, dynamics of will and action, and these two fires lighted, raised and continued by Brahma with Brahma, carry on the creative yajna of Rohita, Lord and Spirit of existential bliss.
13.1.51
यं वातः परिशुम्भति यं वेन्द्रो ब्रह्मणस्पतिः ।
ब्रह्मेद्धावग्नी ईजाते रोहितस्य स्वर्विदः ॥
yaṃ vātaḥ pariśumbhati yaṃ vendro brahmaṇaspatiḥ ।
brahmeddhāvagnī ījāte rohitasya svarvidaḥ ॥
That auspicious energy of cool which Vata, the wind, beatifies and empowers, and that fire which Indra, the sun, Brahmanaspati, lord of might, light and truth emblazes, these two fires, lighted and raised by Brahma, carry on the yajna of Rohita, lord and spirit of existential bliss and beauty.
13.1.52
वेदिं भूमिं कल्पयित्वा दिवं कृत्वा दक्षिणाम् ।
घ्रंसं तद् अग्निं कृत्वा चकार विश्वम् आत्मन्वद् वर्षेणाज्येन रोहितः ॥
vediṃ bhūmiṃ kalpayitvā divaṃ kṛtvā dakṣiṇām ।
ghraṃsaṃ tad agniṃ kṛtvā cakāra viśvam ātmanvad varṣeṇājyena rohitaḥ ॥
Having made earth as vedi and heaven as dakshina, the ritual gift, and the sun as fire with its complementarity of cool such as the moon, Rohita, lord and spirit of existential beauty and bliss, made the world evolve to a living entity with a soul, with the vitality of rain and ghrta.
13.1.53
वर्षम् आजम् घ्रंसो अग्निर् वेदिर् भूमिर् अकल्पत ।
तत्रैतान् पर्वतान् अग्निर् गीर्भिर् ऊर्ध्वां अकल्पयत् ॥
varṣam ājam ghraṃso agnir vedir bhūmir akalpata ।
tatraitān parvatān agnir gīrbhir ūrdhvāṃ akalpayat ॥
Agni, light of life, creator of cosmic yajna, created heat, ghrta and rain, made the earth into vedi, and, thereby on the earth, Agni created and shaped the high mountains with the chant of divine hymns of the Veda.
13.1.54
गीर्भिर् ऊर्ध्वान् कल्पयित्वा रोहितो भूमिम् अब्रवीत् ।
त्वयीदं सर्वं जायतां यद् भूतं यच् च भाव्यम् ॥
gīrbhir ūrdhvān kalpayitvā rohito bhūmim abravīt ।
tvayīdaṃ sarvaṃ jāyatāṃ yad bhūtaṃ yac ca bhāvyam ॥
Having created the high mountains with the hymns of Veda, Rohita, lord of life and light, spoke to earth: On you and in you may arise the life forms of ah that ever was and whatever is yet to be.
13.1.55
स यज्ञः प्रथमो भूतो भव्यो अजायत ।
तस्माद् ध जज्ञ इदं सर्वं यत् किं चेदं विरोचते रोहितेन ऋषिणाभृतम् ॥
sa yajñaḥ prathamo bhūto bhavyo ajāyata ।
tasmād dha jajña idaṃ sarvaṃ yat kiṃ cedaṃ virocate rohitena ṛṣiṇābhṛtam ॥
That Yajna, adorable supreme creator, first self-mainfested as ah that ever was and shah be. From that arose ah this that is and ah that shines, sustained by omniscient creator Rohita.
13.1.56
यश् च गां पदा स्फुरति प्रत्यङ् सूर्यं च मेहति ।
तस्य वृश्चामि ते मूलं न छायां करवो ऽपरम् ॥
yaś ca gāṃ padā sphurati pratyaṅ sūryaṃ ca mehati ।
tasya vṛścāmi te mūlaṃ na chāyāṃ karavo 'param ॥
Whoever desecrates the Gau, the cow, the earth, the environment. Nature, the Vedic Voice, and hurts it with the foot, whoever reviles the sun in front, I dissever him, O man, from the root of life, there shall be no growth, no branch, no leaf, no shade, nothing around.
13.1.57
यो माभिछायम् अत्येषि मां चाग्निं चान्तरा ।
तस्य वृश्चामि ते मूलं न छायां करवो ऽपरम् ॥
yo mābhichāyam atyeṣi māṃ cāgniṃ cāntarā ।
tasya vṛścāmi te mūlaṃ na chāyāṃ karavo 'param ॥
And you that violate me in the shade of divinity, or stand between me and the yajnic fire, I dissever you from the root of life, there shall be no growth, no branch, no leaf, no shade, nothing around.
13.1.58
यो अद्य देव सूर्य त्वां च मां चान्तरायति ।
दुष्वप्न्यं तस्मिं छमलं दुरितानि च मृज्महे ॥
yo adya deva sūrya tvāṃ ca māṃ cāntarāyati ।
duṣvapnyaṃ tasmiṃ chamalaṃ duritāni ca mṛjmahe ॥
O divine Sun, whoever now stands as obstruction between you and me, we cleanse him of all evil dreams, dirt and evil thought and will in him, or, otherwise, we wash ourselves of him as such.
13.1.59
मा प्र गाम पथो वयं मा यज्ञाद् इन्द्र सोमिनः ।
मान्त स्थुर् नो अरातयः ॥
mā pra gāma patho vayaṃ mā yajñād indra sominaḥ ।
mānta sthur no arātayaḥ ॥
O Lord, Indra, let us not deviate from the divine path, let us not forsake the divine Soma-yajna, let no negativities and deprivations be and last in us.
13.1.60
यो यज्ञस्य प्रसाधनस् तन्तुर् देवेष्व् आततः ।
तम् आहुतम् अशीमहि ॥
yo yajñasya prasādhanas tantur deveṣv ātataḥ ।
tam āhutam aśīmahi ॥
That thread of living unity, sustainer of the yajnic web of existence, running extended throughout cosmic divinities and humanity, which is invoked, enkindled and sustained by Rohita, Lord Supreme Self-Refulgent, let us serve and sustain among ourselves and between ourselves. Mother Nature and the divine Speech.
Sūkta 2 — Adhyatma, Rohita-Aditya Devata, Brahma Rshi
Atharvaveda 13.2 · 46 mantras
13.2.1
उद् अस्य केतवो दिवि शुक्रा भ्राजन्त ईरते ।
आदित्यस्य नृचक्षसो महिव्रतस्य मीढुषः ॥
ud asya ketavo divi śukrā bhrājanta īrate ।
ādityasya nṛcakṣaso mahivratasya mīḍhuṣaḥ ॥
The rays, radiations and illuminations of this Sun in high heaven, Aditya version of Imperishable Eternity, universal watchful of humanity, observant follower of the laws of cosmic divine order, potent and generous, rise on high, shine and radiate, pure, powerful and blazing in glory. (The Sun is a metaphor of Lord Supreme who is described as Aditya in Yajurveda, 32, Surya in Yajurveda, 40, 8, and, Brhadaranyaka Upanishad, 3-7-9 where the metaphor is very comprehensive).
13.2.2
दिशां प्रज्ञानां स्वरयन्तम् अर्चिषा सुपक्षम् आशुं पतयन्तम् अर्णवे ।
स्तवाम सूर्यं भुवनस्य गोपां यो रश्मिभिर् दिश आभाति सर्वाः ॥
diśāṃ prajñānāṃ svarayantam arciṣā supakṣam āśuṃ patayantam arṇave ।
stavāma sūryaṃ bhuvanasya gopāṃ yo raśmibhir diśa ābhāti sarvāḥ ॥
We celebrate in song the Sun, protector and sustainer of the world, who, with his rays, irradiates, illumines and enlightens all quarters of space, with his light he proclaims the relative position of the lighted directions, and, like a celestial bird, instantly flies over the infinite oceans of time and space (the self-refulgent lord being omnipresent and eternally existent).
13.2.3
यत् प्राङ् प्रत्यङ् स्वधया यासि शीभं नानारूपे अहनी कर्षि मायया ।
तद् आदित्य महि तत् ते महि श्रवो यद् एको विश्वं परि भूम जायसे ॥
yat prāṅ pratyaṅ svadhayā yāsi śībhaṃ nānārūpe ahanī karṣi māyayā ।
tad āditya mahi tat te mahi śravo yad eko viśvaṃ pari bhūma jāyase ॥
We celebrate you, O Sun, who swiftly go over east and west by your own essential power, create different forms of day and night with your wondrous presence. And that, O Aditya, is your great glory, and that is your high renown since by your sole self you shine over the entire world.
13.2.4
विपश्चितं तरणिं भ्राजमानं वहन्ति यं हरितः सप्त बह्वीः ।
स्रुताद् यम् अत्त्रिर् दिवम् उन्निनाय तं त्वा पश्यन्ति परियान्तम् आजिम् ॥
vipaścitaṃ taraṇiṃ bhrājamānaṃ vahanti yaṃ haritaḥ sapta bahvīḥ ।
srutād yam attrir divam unnināya taṃ tvā paśyanti pariyāntam ājim ॥
We celebrate the Sun, all-watching, all saving, glorious blazing, whom seven abundant lights irradiate over all quarters of space, whom Attri, Lord omnipotent, free from the three limitations of space, time and mutability, raised from the cosmic ocean of particles to heaven, where, O refulgent Sun, people see you moving in your orbit, victorious in your warlike mission.
13.2.5
मा त्वा दभन् परियान्तम् आजिं स्वस्ति दुर्गां अति याहि शीभम् ।
दिवं च सूर्य पृथिवीं च देवीम् अहोरात्रे विमिमानो यद् एषि ॥
mā tvā dabhan pariyāntam ājiṃ svasti durgāṃ ati yāhi śībham ।
divaṃ ca sūrya pṛthivīṃ ca devīm ahorātre vimimāno yad eṣi ॥
Let no one stop you on your course, going on your mission. Go on fast, O Sun, and win your castles of victory peacefully for the good of life, you that go on counting over days and nights, shining over heaven and the heavenly earth.
13.2.6
स्वस्ति ते सूर्य चरसे रथाय येनोभाव् अन्तौ परियासि सद्यः ।
यं ते वहन्ति हरितो वहिष्ठाः शतम् अश्वा यदि वा सप्त बह्वीः ॥
svasti te sūrya carase rathāya yenobhāv antau pariyāsi sadyaḥ ।
yaṃ te vahanti harito vahiṣṭhāḥ śatam aśvā yadi vā sapta bahvīḥ ॥
O Sun, all well for your moving chariot by which you relentlessly go over both the bounds of your orbit. All well for you whom your varied lights of a hundred horse-power or, may be, seven abundant lights, transport on the way across space.
13.2.7
सुखं सूर्य रथम् अंशुमन्तं स्योनं सुवह्निम् अधि तिष्ठ वाजिनम् ।
यं ते वहन्ति हरितो वहिष्ठाः शतम् अश्वा यदि वा सप्त बह्वीः ॥
sukhaṃ sūrya ratham aṃśumantaṃ syonaṃ suvahnim adhi tiṣṭha vājinam ।
yaṃ te vahanti harito vahiṣṭhāḥ śatam aśvā yadi vā sapta bahvīḥ ॥
O Sun, ascend the chariot, comfortable, bright, beautiful, mighty powerful and exceedingly fast. And all well for you whom your varied lights of a hundred horse-power or, say, seven abundant lights irradiate on way across the world.
13.2.8
सप्त सूर्यो हरितो यातवे रथे हिरण्यत्वचसो बृहतीर् अयुक्त ।
अमोचि शुक्रो रजसः परस्ताद् विधूय देवस् तमो दिवम् आरुहत् ॥
sapta sūryo harito yātave rathe hiraṇyatvacaso bṛhatīr ayukta ।
amoci śukro rajasaḥ parastād vidhūya devas tamo divam āruhat ॥
The sun has yoked seven varied mighty radiant lights of golden hue to its chariot to move on..Pure, powerful and bright, it dispels darkness far off beyond the earth and its atmosphere and, having left it there, rises high to the Zenith in heaven.
13.2.9
उत् केतुना बृहता देव आगन्न् अपावृक् तमो ऽभि ज्योतिर् अश्रैत् ।
दिव्यः सुपर्णः स वीरो व्य् अख्यद् अदितेः पुत्रो भुवनानि विश्वा ॥
ut ketunā bṛhatā deva āgann apāvṛk tamo 'bhi jyotir aśrait ।
divyaḥ suparṇaḥ sa vīro vy akhyad aditeḥ putro bhuvanāni viśvā ॥
The divine Sun has come and risen with mighty expansive light. It has dispelled the darkness and now, abundant as it is with light, it diffuses the rays. The refulgent child of imperishable mother Nature, brave celestial bird of radiant wings, now illuminates all the worlds of the universe.
13.2.10
उद्यन् रश्मीन् आ तनुषे विश्वा रुपाणि पुष्यसि ।
उभा समुद्रौ क्रतुना वि भासि सर्वांल् लोकान् परिभूर् भ्राजमानः ॥
udyan raśmīn ā tanuṣe viśvā rupāṇi puṣyasi ।
ubhā samudrau kratunā vi bhāsi sarvāṃl lokān paribhūr bhrājamānaḥ ॥
Rising, O divine Sun, you spread the rays of light and nourish all forms of life with energy and pranic vitality. Lord over all, shining with self-refulgence and acts of divinity, you enlighten the people and all regions of the world and vest both oceans of earth and sky with splendour.
13.2.11
पूर्वापरं चरतो माययैतौ शिशू क्रीडन्तौ परि यातो ऽर्णवम् ।
विश्वान्यो भुवना विचष्टे हैरण्यैर् अन्यं हरितो वहन्ति ॥
pūrvāparaṃ carato māyayaitau śiśū krīḍantau pari yāto 'rṇavam ।
viśvānyo bhuvanā vicaṣṭe hairaṇyair anyaṃ harito vahanti ॥
These two children of Nature, sun and the moon, playing, shining and moving one after the other, by the mysterious power and law of Divinity, range over the depth and vastness of the spatial ocean. One of them, the sun, watches and illuminates all regions of the world, and the other, the moon, radiations of the sun bear and carry with their golden beams.
13.2.12
दिवि त्वात्त्रिर् अधारयत् सूर्या मासाय कर्तवे ।
स एषि सुधृतस् तपन् विश्वा भूतावचाकशत् ॥
divi tvāttrir adhārayat sūryā māsāya kartave ।
sa eṣi sudhṛtas tapan viśvā bhūtāvacākaśat ॥
O sun, the Lord Supreme, Attri, above threefold limitations of time, space and mutability, placed you high in heaven for the division of time into year and months in relation to earth and moon in motion. There placed accurately in position and well borne in law, shining, irradiating and blazing, watching and illuminating all forms of existence, you go on in your fixed orbit, giving them their warmth of life.
13.2.13
उभाव् अन्तौ सम् अर्षसि वत्सः संमातराव् इव ।
नन्व् एतद् इतः पुरा ब्रह्म देवा अमी विदुः ॥
ubhāv antau sam arṣasi vatsaḥ saṃmātarāv iva ।
nanv etad itaḥ purā brahma devā amī viduḥ ॥
O sun, you reach both the extremities of your orbit, just as a child going to its father and mother both, (you maintain the will of Attri and the law of Nature). And this eternal mystery and law of nature and Divinity, those sages have known who have been long long even before now. (The law is eternal, the cycle of existence is eternal, and the knowledge of the law and cycle of existence too is eternal.)
13.2.14
यत् समुद्रम् अनु श्रितं तत् सिषासति सूर्यः ।
अध्वास्य विततो महान् पूर्वश् चापरश् च यः ॥
yat samudram anu śritaṃ tat siṣāsati sūryaḥ ।
adhvāsya vitato mahān pūrvaś cāparaś ca yaḥ ॥
Whatever is implicit in the infinite creativity of Divinity, that the sun shares and wants to give. Great is the path of its motion and bestowal, spread far and wide, full and more, now and beyond, last and later, ever on.
13.2.15
तं सम् आप्नोति जूतिभिस् ततो नाप चिकित्सति ।
तेनामृतस्य भक्षं देवानां नाव रुन्धते ॥
taṃ sam āpnoti jūtibhis tato nāpa cikitsati ।
tenāmṛtasya bhakṣaṃ devānāṃ nāva rundhate ॥
That infinite share of it, it receives from Divinity on way by its own dynamics of nature. From there, and from that path, it never deviates. By that very path and that relentless sincerity, it never restrains, never withholds, the rightful share of the divinities from Nature, (it gives, freely, profusely, because it receives freely and profusely only for that purpose.)
13.2.16
उद् उ त्यं जातवेदसं देवं वहन्ति केतवः ।
दृशे विश्वाय सूर्यम् ॥
ud u tyaṃ jātavedasaṃ devaṃ vahanti ketavaḥ ।
dṛśe viśvāya sūryam ॥
That watchful sun, divine illuminant of all things in existence, that infinite giver, the radiations of cosmic energy bear and carry on, and that, the rays of light irradiate for all the world to see (for their own benefit).
13.2.17
अप त्ये तायवो यथा नक्षत्रा यन्त्य् अक्तुभिः ।
सूराय विश्वचक्षसे ॥
apa tye tāyavo yathā nakṣatrā yanty aktubhiḥ ।
sūrāya viśvacakṣase ॥
And those stars, which love to be with the nights to steal the light of the sun and shine, disappear at dawn so that the world may see the sun and share the light.
13.2.18
अदृश्रन्न् अस्य केतवो वि रश्मयो जनां अनु ।
भ्राजन्तो अग्नयो यथा ॥
adṛśrann asya ketavo vi raśmayo janāṃ anu ।
bhrājanto agnayo yathā ॥
The banners of the lord of sun beams, the rays of the sun, are seen in the world of humanity blazing like explosions of fire in heaven.
13.2.19
तरणिर् विश्वदर्शतो ज्योतिष्कृद् असि सूर्य ।
विश्वम् आ भासि रोचन ॥
taraṇir viśvadarśato jyotiṣkṛd asi sūrya ।
viśvam ā bhāsi rocana ॥
O Sun, you are the saviour, redeemer from darkness, illuminator of the world, light giver even for lights of the world. You shine over the world, beautiful, glorious.
13.2.20
प्रत्यङ् देवानां विशः प्रत्यङ्ङ् उद् एषि मानुषीः ।
प्रत्यङ् विश्वं स्वर् दृशे ॥
pratyaṅ devānāṃ viśaḥ pratyaṅṅ ud eṣi mānuṣīḥ ।
pratyaṅ viśvaṃ svar dṛśe ॥
O Sun, light of the world, to the noblest powers of nature and humanity, to the people in the business of life, to the people in general, you rise directly and reveal your presence so that the world might see the light divine directly by their own experience.
13.2.21
येना पावक चक्षसा भुरण्यन्तं जनां अनु ।
त्वं वरुण पश्यसि ॥
yenā pāvaka cakṣasā bhuraṇyantaṃ janāṃ anu ।
tvaṃ varuṇa paśyasi ॥
Lord purifier and sanctifier, lord of light and judgement, with the eye with which you watch the mighty world of dynamic activity, holding every thing in equipoise, with the same kind and benign eye, watch and bless us.
13.2.22
वि द्याम् एषि रजस् पृथ्व् अहर् मिमानो अक्तुभिः ।
पश्यन् जन्मानि सूर्य ॥
vi dyām eṣi rajas pṛthv ahar mimāno aktubhiḥ ।
paśyan janmāni sūrya ॥
O Sun, watching the species of various forms and traversing the wide worlds of existence by days and nights, you move to the regions of light and heaven.
13.2.23
सप्त त्वा हरितो रथे वहन्ति देव सूर्य ।
शोचिष्केशं विचक्षणम् ॥
sapta tvā harito rathe vahanti deva sūrya ।
śociṣkeśaṃ vicakṣaṇam ॥
O Sun, self-refulgent lord of blazing flames, light and universal illumination, seven are the colourful lights of glory which, like seven horses, draw your chariot of time across space and the history of mankind. In the same way seven are the channels, metres of poetry and vision, which reveal the light of Divinity in the sacred verses of Veda.
13.2.24
अयुक्त सप्त शुन्ध्युवः सूरो रथस्य नप्त्यः ।
ताभिर् याति स्वयुक्तिभिः ॥
ayukta sapta śundhyuvaḥ sūro rathasya naptyaḥ ।
tābhir yāti svayuktibhiḥ ॥
The sun, bright and illuminant, yokes seven pure, immaculate, purifying and infallible sun beams like horses to his chariot of time and motion, and with these self-yoked powers moves on across the spaces to the regions of light and bliss. So does the Lord of the Universe with his laws and powers of Prakrti move the world as his own chariot of creative manifestation.
13.2.25
रोहितो दिवम् आरुहत् तपसा तपस्वी ।
स योनिम् ऐति स उ जायते पुनः स देवानाम् अधिपतिर् बभूव ॥
rohito divam āruhat tapasā tapasvī ।
sa yonim aiti sa u jāyate punaḥ sa devānām adhipatir babhūva ॥
Rohita, self-refulgent light of life, the Sun, burning and blazing with its own creative and energising light and warmth of life, rises to the heavenly heights of the universe. It rises to the origin of all originative causes, takes its own self manifestive birth with things bom again and again, and still remains the same highest ordainer of the divine forces of nature and noble humanity.
13.2.26
यो विश्वचर्षणिर् उत विश्वतोमुखो यो विश्वतस्पाणिर् उत विश्वतस्पृथः ।
सं बाहुभ्यां भरति सं पतत्रैर् द्यावापृथिवी जनयन् देव एकः ॥
yo viśvacarṣaṇir uta viśvatomukho yo viśvataspāṇir uta viśvataspṛthaḥ ।
saṃ bāhubhyāṃ bharati saṃ patatrair dyāvāpṛthivī janayan deva ekaḥ ॥
All watching with cosmic eyes, all speaking with cosmic voice, all protecting with cosmic arms, and all reaching with infinite cosmic presence, the sole, self-refulgent creator of heaven and earth shapes and controls the universe with the hands of his thought and will with strokes of natural forces forging things into form and sustaining them in life.
13.2.27
एकपाद् द्विपदो भूयो वि चक्रमे द्विपात् त्रिपादम् अभ्य् एति पश्चात् ।
द्विपाद् ध षट्पदो भूयो वि चक्रमे त एकपदस् तन्वं सम् आसते ॥
ekapād dvipado bhūyo vi cakrame dvipāt tripādam abhy eti paścāt ।
dvipād dha ṣaṭpado bhūyo vi cakrame ta ekapadas tanvaṃ sam āsate ॥
The One sole, self-existent Brahma exceeds the twofold created world of Purusha and Prakrti, more and ever more. In the process of creative evolution the twofold world of Pumsha and Prakrti follows up to the threefold world of Pumsha, Prakrti and Jiva, more and ever more. The twofold world of Purusha and Prakrti exceeds the six dimensional world of pure Prakrti. Ultimately, the twofold threefold, sixfold, all abide within the One, sole, self-existent, all transcendent Brahma.
13.2.28
अतन्द्रो यास्यन् हरितो यद् आस्थाद् द्वे रूपे कृणुते रोचमानः ।
केतुमान् उद्यन्त् सहमानो रजांसि विश्वा आदित्य प्रवतो वि भासि ॥
atandro yāsyan harito yad āsthād dve rūpe kṛṇute rocamānaḥ ।
ketumān udyant sahamāno rajāṃsi viśvā āditya pravato vi bhāsi ॥
Relentless, ever awake, ever on the move, when the Sun shines radiating its rays of light, the shining glory creates two forms of existence: the day where it shines and the night where it does not. O Aditya, imperishable Aditi’s own mutation as embodiment of light, commanding your banners of sun beams, overwhelming and crossing regions of the worlds in space, you shine over all places high or low from the heights of heaven.
13.2.29
बण् महां असि सूर्य बड् आदित्य महां असि ।
महांस् ते महतो महिमा त्वम् आदित्य महां असि ॥
baṇ mahāṃ asi sūrya baḍ āditya mahāṃ asi ।
mahāṃs te mahato mahimā tvam āditya mahāṃ asi ॥
O Surya, inspirer of life with life energy, truly you are great. O Aditya, child of imperishable mother Nature, surely you are unassailable, your grandeur is greater than greatness itself, O Aditya, child of divine Shakti, you are great beyond all possibility of challenge
13.2.30
रोचसे दिवि रोचसे अन्तरिक्षे पतङ्ग पृथिव्यां रोचसे रोचसे अप्स्व् अन्तः ।
उभा समुद्रौ रुच्या व्य् आपिथ देवो देवासि महिषः स्वर्जित् ॥
rocase divi rocase antarikṣe pataṅga pṛthivyāṃ rocase rocase apsv antaḥ ।
ubhā samudrau rucyā vy āpitha devo devāsi mahiṣaḥ svarjit ॥
O divine Sun, cosmic Bird of light on high in space, you shine in heaven, you shine in the firmament, you shine on earth, and you shine in the dynamics of nature and humanity, inspiring them ah. You pervade in the seas on earth and in the oceans of space with your light and energy. O divine Refulgence, you are divinity in the mode of light, great, virile and generous, winner and giver of light and heavenly joy.
13.2.31
अर्वाङ् परस्तात् प्रयतो व्यध्व आशुर् विपश्चित् पतयन् पतङ्गः ।
विष्णुर् विचित्तः शवसाधितिष्ठन् प्र केतुना सहते विश्वम् एजत् ॥
arvāṅ parastāt prayato vyadhva āśur vipaścit patayan pataṅgaḥ ।
viṣṇur vicittaḥ śavasādhitiṣṭhan pra ketunā sahate viśvam ejat ॥
Closest from the farthest, ever on the move on way, instant in action, ah enlightened. Bird of light on cosmic wings, ah pervasive, all aware, abiding by your own potential, you rule over the dynamic universe with your self-manifested power and glory.
13.2.32
चित्राश् चिकित्वान् महिषः सुपर्ण आरोचयन् रोदसी अन्तरिक्षम् ।
अहोरात्रे परि सूर्यं वसाने प्रास्य विश्वा तिरतो वीर्याणि ॥
citrāś cikitvān mahiṣaḥ suparṇa ārocayan rodasī antarikṣam ।
ahorātre pari sūryaṃ vasāne prāsya viśvā tirato vīryāṇi ॥
Sublime, intelligent, great, all sustainer, the Sun abides, illuminating heaven, earth and the firmament. Both day and night, wearing the glory of the Sun, exalt the universal grandeur and cosmic exploits of this Sun.
13.2.33
तिग्मो विभ्राजन् तन्वं शिशानो ऽरंगमासः प्रवतो रराणः ।
ज्योतिष्मान् पक्षी महिषो वयोधा विश्वा आस्थात् प्रदिशः कल्पमानः ॥
tigmo vibhrājan tanvaṃ śiśāno 'raṃgamāsaḥ pravato rarāṇaḥ ।
jyotiṣmān pakṣī mahiṣo vayodhā viśvā āsthāt pradiśaḥ kalpamānaḥ ॥
Sharp with lazer beams of light, blazing in glory, raising the scorching sharpness of its rays, instant reacher far and near at ease, illuminating and advancing high and low, self-refulgent, all round radiant, great, treasurehold of life and sustenance, the sun abides, shaping, informing and irradiating all quarters of space in the world.
13.2.34
चित्रं देवानाम् केतुर् अनीकं ज्योतिष्मान् प्रदिशः सूर्य उद्यन् ।
दिवाकरो ऽति द्युम्नैस् तमांसि विश्वातारीद् दुरितानि शुक्रः ॥
citraṃ devānām ketur anīkaṃ jyotiṣmān pradiśaḥ sūrya udyan ।
divākaro 'ti dyumnais tamāṃsi viśvātārīd duritāni śukraḥ ॥
Wondrous banner of divinities, life elevating, self-refulgent, pure, powerful and radiant harbinger of the day, the inspiring sun, rising over quarters of space, has dispelled all evils and darknesses of the world far out with its radiations of light.
13.2.35
चित्रं देवानाम् उद् अगाद् अनीकं चक्षुर् मित्रस्य वरुणस्याग्नेः ।
आप्राद् द्यावापृथिवी अन्तरिक्षं सूर्य आत्मा जगतस् तस्थुषश् च ॥
citraṃ devānām ud agād anīkaṃ cakṣur mitrasya varuṇasyāgneḥ ।
āprād dyāvāpṛthivī antarikṣaṃ sūrya ātmā jagatas tasthuṣaś ca ॥
The sun, wondrous banner of divinities, abundant light of life, the eye of Mitra, Varuna and Agni, love, judgement and fire of Divinity, is risen, and it has filled the heaven and earth and the sky with its glorious light. It is indeed the very life and soul of the moving and the unmoving world.
13.2.36
उच्चा पतन्तम् अरुणं सुपर्णं मध्ये दिवस् तरणिं भ्राजमानम् ।
पश्यम त्वा सवितारं यम् आहुर् अजस्रं ज्योतिर् यद् अविन्दद् अत्त्रिः ॥
uccā patantam aruṇaṃ suparṇaṃ madhye divas taraṇiṃ bhrājamānam ।
paśyama tvā savitāraṃ yam āhur ajasraṃ jyotir yad avindad attriḥ ॥
We see you, O Sun, rising high to glory and crimson magnificence, a divine Bird of life with the gift of light, blazing and floating like a saving ark of Divinity in the midst of heavenly space, giver and harbinger of life, energy and inspiration, whom poets and sages call imperishable light of Eternity, which Attri, Lord Supreme free from time, space and mutability, created and gifted to life of the world.
13.2.37
दिवस् पृष्ठे धावमानं सुपर्णम् अदित्याः पुत्रं नाथकाम उप यामि भीतः ।
स नः सूर्य प्र तिर दीर्घम् आयुर् मा रिषाम सुमतौ ते स्याम ॥
divas pṛṣṭhe dhāvamānaṃ suparṇam adityāḥ putraṃ nāthakāma upa yāmi bhītaḥ ।
sa naḥ sūrya pra tira dīrgham āyur mā riṣāma sumatau te syāma ॥
Smothered by the pressures of life around, yearning for fulfilment of my life’s mission and purpose, I come and pray to the Sun, self-refulgent child of Imperishable mother Eternity, flying high in space on top of heaven like a celestial Bird of infinite wings of will and action. May the Sun give us long life and good health, may we never come to harm and injury, and may we, O Lord, ever enjoy your love and good will.
13.2.38
सहस्राह्ण्यं वियताव् अस्य पक्षौ हरेर् हंसस्य पततः स्वर्गम् ।
स देवान्त् सर्वान् उरस्य् उपदद्य संपश्यन् याति भुवनानि विश्वा ॥
sahasrāhṇyaṃ viyatāv asya pakṣau harer haṃsasya patataḥ svargam ।
sa devānt sarvān urasy upadadya saṃpaśyan yāti bhuvanāni viśvā ॥
Over a thousand days (infinite in dimensions) are spread the wings of the will and action of the celestial Sun, saviour spirit and redeemer from the oppressions of life, which flies over and beyond the borders of time and space on the path of eternal freedom. Having taken over all divine forces of nature and humanity unto its heart, watching all worlds of existence, it flies on and on.
13.2.39
रोहितः कालो अभवद् रोहितो ऽग्रे प्रजापतिः ।
रोहितो यज्ञानां मुखं रोहितः स्वर् आभरत् ॥
rohitaḥ kālo abhavad rohito 'gre prajāpatiḥ ।
rohito yajñānāṃ mukhaṃ rohitaḥ svar ābharat ॥
Rohita, the highest Lord of glory, became, i.e., generated and pervaded, and pervades existential time and is the Time Absolute. Rohita is Prajapati, the first. Original creator, generator and sustainer of the world and life in existence. Rohita is the one absolute deity of yajna, in fact Yajna Itself of the universe, and Rohita is eternal Bliss and freedom of Moksha.
13.2.40
रोहितो लोको अभवद् रोहितो ऽत्य् अतपद् दिवम् ।
रोहितो रश्मिभिर् भूमिं समुद्रम् अनु सं चरत् ॥
rohito loko abhavad rohito 'ty atapad divam ।
rohito raśmibhir bhūmiṃ samudram anu saṃ carat ॥
Rohita is the world in existence as the sun is itself the earthly world, Rohita gives the light and fire to the solar region, and Rohita radiates over earth and the seas with its rays.
13.2.41
सर्वा दिशः सम् अचरद् रोहितो ऽधिपतिर् दिवः ।
दिवं समुद्रम् आद् भूमिं सर्वं भूतं वि रक्षति ॥
sarvā diśaḥ sam acarad rohito 'dhipatir divaḥ ।
divaṃ samudram ād bhūmiṃ sarvaṃ bhūtaṃ vi rakṣati ॥
Rohita, sojourns with and over space in all quarters, Rohita is the presiding deity of the regions of heaven, and Rohita sustains and protects the solar region, the sea, the earth and all forms of existence all ways.
13.2.42
आरोहन् छुक्रो बृहतीर् अतन्द्रो द्वे रूपे कृणुते रोचमानः ।
चित्रश् चिकित्वान् महिषो वातमाया यावतो लोकान् अभि यद् विभाति ॥
ārohan chukro bṛhatīr atandro dve rūpe kṛṇute rocamānaḥ ।
citraś cikitvān mahiṣo vātamāyā yāvato lokān abhi yad vibhāti ॥
Mighty is Rohita, mighty intelligent, all aware. Relentless and ever alert, it rises over all expansive directions of space and, shining and illuminating, it creates two forms of bright days and dark nights. Wondrous of action, it gives velocity to the wind and while moving it illuminates the worlds of existence.
13.2.43
अभ्य् अन्यद् एति पर्य् अन्यद् अस्यते ऽहोरात्राभ्यां महिषः कल्पमानः ।
सूर्यं वयं रजसि क्षियन्तं गातुविदं हवामहे नाधमानाः ॥
abhy anyad eti pary anyad asyate 'horātrābhyāṃ mahiṣaḥ kalpamānaḥ ।
sūryaṃ vayaṃ rajasi kṣiyantaṃ gātuvidaṃ havāmahe nādhamānāḥ ॥
Mighty Sun, forming time by day and night, shines over one half of the earth and folds the other half away into the dark. Prayerful and devoted, we invoke the sun, pervading in the world, and thereby knowing and guiding us on the ways of the world.
13.2.44
पृथिवीप्रो महिषो नाधमानस्य गातुर् अदब्धचक्षुः परि विश्वं बभूव ।
विश्वं संपश्यन्त् सुविदत्रो यजत्र इदं शृणोतु यद् अहं ब्रवीमि ॥
pṛthivīpro mahiṣo nādhamānasya gātur adabdhacakṣuḥ pari viśvaṃ babhūva ।
viśvaṃ saṃpaśyant suvidatro yajatra idaṃ śṛṇotu yad ahaṃ bravīmi ॥
Gracious to earth, mighty generous, guide to the prayerful, inviolable, all-watchful, the Sun rules supreme over the world. Watching the world with favour, kindly knowing and accepting, adorable, may the Lord, I pray, listen to what I say in prayer and adoration.
13.2.45
पर्य् अस्य महिमा पृथिवीं समुद्रं ज्योतिषा विभ्राजन् परि द्याम् अन्तरिक्षम् ।
सर्वं संपश्यन्त् सुविदत्रो यजत्र इदं शृणोतु यद् अहं ब्रवीमि ॥
pary asya mahimā pṛthivīṃ samudraṃ jyotiṣā vibhrājan pari dyām antarikṣam ।
sarvaṃ saṃpaśyant suvidatro yajatra idaṃ śṛṇotu yad ahaṃ bravīmi ॥
Blazing with splendour as the Sun is, the Lord’s glory shines over earth and the seas, over heaven and the firmament. Watching every thing wholly and favourably, kindly knowing, all adorable, may the Lord, I pray, listen to what I say in prayer and adoraton.
13.2.46
अबोध्य् अग्निः समिधा जनानां प्रति धेनुम् इवायतीम् उषसम् ।
यह्वा इव प्र वयाम् उज्जिहानाः प्र भानवः सिस्रते नाकम् अछ ॥
abodhy agniḥ samidhā janānāṃ prati dhenum ivāyatīm uṣasam ।
yahvā iva pra vayām ujjihānāḥ pra bhānavaḥ sisrate nākam acha ॥
As the abundant cow is awake at the rise of dawn, so the fire is lit and rises with fuel and ghrta offered by yajnic people. As trees shoot up their branches, leaves and tendrils, so the rays of the Sun rise high to reach the heaven of bliss and beauty. (So do enlightened people rise to the light of heaven and the
Sūkta 3
Atharvaveda 13.3 · 26 mantras
13.3.1
य इमे द्यावापृथिवी जजान यो द्रापिम् कृत्वा भुवनानि वस्ते ।
यस्मिन् क्षियन्ति प्रदिशः षड् उर्वीर् याः पतङ्गो अनु विचाकशीति ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
ya ime dyāvāpṛthivī jajāna yo drāpim kṛtvā bhuvanāni vaste ।
yasmin kṣiyanti pradiśaḥ ṣaḍ urvīr yāḥ pataṅgo anu vicākaśīti ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
He that created this heaven and earth, who pervades these worlds of existence as if wearing them as garments, in whom abide all the six vast quarters of space which the sun watches and illuminates, to that Lord, that person is an offensive sinner who assails a Brahmana, man of God, knowing the Lord thus celebrated. O Rohita, lord of glory, shake up that person, punish him down, throw the snares of justice and retribution round the Brahmana-oppressor.
13.3.2
यस्माद् वाता ऋतुथा पवन्ते यस्मात् समुद्रा अधि विक्षरन्ति ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
उद् वेपय रोहित प्र क्षिणीहि ब्रह्मज्यस्य प्रति मुञ्च पाशान् ॥
yasmād vātā ṛtuthā pavante yasmāt samudrā adhi vikṣaranti ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
ud vepaya rohita pra kṣiṇīhi brahmajyasya prati muñca pāśān ॥
From whom the winds blow according to the seasons, from whom the oceans flow, to that Lord, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana knowing the Lord thus celebrated.
13.3.3
यो मारयति प्राणयति यस्मात् प्राणन्ति भुवनानि विश्वा ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
उद् वेपय रोहित प्र क्षिणीहि ब्रह्मज्यस्य प्रति मुञ्च पाशान् ॥
yo mārayati prāṇayati yasmāt prāṇanti bhuvanāni viśvā ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
ud vepaya rohita pra kṣiṇīhi brahmajyasya prati muñca pāśān ॥
Who gives death and also gives the breath of life, from whom all worlds of existence receive their life and life energy, to that Lord Supreme, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana knowing the Brahma. O Rohita, Ruler risen high, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, throw the snares of justice and retribution round the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.4
यः प्राणेन द्यावापृथिवी तर्पयत्य् अपानेन समुद्रस्य जठरं यः पिपर्ति ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
उद् वेपय रोहित प्र क्षिणीहि ब्रह्मज्यस्य प्रति मुञ्च पाशान् ॥
yaḥ prāṇena dyāvāpṛthivī tarpayaty apānena samudrasya jaṭharaṃ yaḥ piparti ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
ud vepaya rohita pra kṣiṇīhi brahmajyasya prati muñca pāśān ॥
Who fills and replenishes heaven and earth with the energy of prana, and fills up the depth of ocean with the energy of apana, to that Lord Supreme, that person is an affensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, knower of Brahma in truth. O Rohita, high risen Ruler, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.5
यस्मिन् विराट् परमेष्ठी प्रजापतिर् अग्निर् वैश्वानरः सह पङ्क्त्या श्रितः ।
यः परस्य प्राणं परमस्य तेज आददे ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
yasmin virāṭ parameṣṭhī prajāpatir agnir vaiśvānaraḥ saha paṅktyā śritaḥ ।
yaḥ parasya prāṇaṃ paramasya teja ādade ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
In whom the Supreme Parameshthi of the regions of light, Prajapati, life giving air of the middle region and the earthly fire version of universal energy, all with their expansive but defined functions, repose, and who withdraws the life energy of far off things and the splendour of highest realities at the end, to that Lord Supreme, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, high risen Ruler, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of justice and correction to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.6
यस्मिन् षड् उर्वीः पञ्च दिशो अधिश्रिताश् चतस्र आपो यज्ञस्य त्रयो ऽक्षराः ।
यो अन्तरा रोदसी क्रुद्धश् चक्षुषैक्षत ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणम् जिनाति ।
yasmin ṣaḍ urvīḥ pañca diśo adhiśritāś catasra āpo yajñasya trayo 'kṣarāḥ ।
yo antarā rodasī kruddhaś cakṣuṣaikṣata ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇam jināti ।
In whom, six wide directions of space, five elements of Prakrti, all four classes of humanity and four versions of human action, three vyahrtis of yajna and three syllables of AUM abide, who with awful eye watches everything between heaven and earth, to that Lord Supreme, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, high risen Ruler, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and correction to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.7
यो अन्नादो अन्नपतिर् बभूव ब्रह्मणस् पतिर् उत यः ।
भूतो भविष्यत् भुवनस्य यस् पतिः ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
yo annādo annapatir babhūva brahmaṇas patir uta yaḥ ।
bhūto bhaviṣyat bhuvanasya yas patiḥ ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
He that is the cosumer, creator, protector and promoter of the food of life, he that is the originator, preserver and promoter of Vedic knowledge and enlightenment, he that is the lord and master of past, future and all that is going on at present, to that Lord Supreme, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler high risen and brilliant, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and correction to the Brahmanaviolator.
13.3.8
अहोरात्रैर् विमितं त्रिंशदङ्गं त्रयोदशं मासं यो निर्मिमीते ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
उद् वेपय रोहित प्र क्षिणीहि ब्रह्मज्यस्य प्रति मुञ्च पाशान् ॥
ahorātrair vimitaṃ triṃśadaṅgaṃ trayodaśaṃ māsaṃ yo nirmimīte ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
ud vepaya rohita pra kṣiṇīhi brahmajyasya prati muñca pāśān ॥
The One lord and master who measures the thirty day month counted by day-night cycle, he that shapes and ordains the thirteenth month of the lunar year, to that supreme lord that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler high risen and brilliant, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and correction to the Brahmanaviolator.
13.3.9
कृस्णं नियानं हरयः सुपर्णा अपो वसाना दिवम् उत् पतन्ति ।
त आववृत्रन्त् सदनाद् ऋतस्य ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
kṛsṇaṃ niyānaṃ harayaḥ suparṇā apo vasānā divam ut patanti ।
ta āvavṛtrant sadanād ṛtasya ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
Sun rays of golden wings wearing vestments of water vapours rise to the regions of the sun, centre of solar gravitation, drawing, holding and ordaining the motions of planets and planetary atmospheres. They turn back to the earth from the sun, house of waters and the centre seat of the law of the solar-planetary system. To that divine presence of Brahma in the sun and the solar system, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler high risen and self-refulgent, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the snares of justice and retribution to the Brahmanaviolator.
13.3.10
यत् ते चन्द्रं कश्यप रोचनावद् यत् संहितं पुष्कलं चित्रभानु यस्मिन्त् सूर्या आर्पिताः सप्त साकम् ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
उद् वेपय रोहित प्र क्षिणीहि ब्रह्मज्यस्य प्रति मुञ्च पाशान् ॥
yat te candraṃ kaśyapa rocanāvad yat saṃhitaṃ puṣkalaṃ citrabhānu yasmint sūryā ārpitāḥ sapta sākam ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
ud vepaya rohita pra kṣiṇīhi brahmajyasya prati muñca pāśān ॥
O Kashyapa, lord divine of universal eye all-watching, beautiful, gracious and refulgent is your glory, which is the concentrated, abundant and wondrous sun of radiant light in which are integrated the various mutations of seven rays of the spectrum. To that presence of yours, Brahma reflected in the sun, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler risen high and self-refulgent, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and correction to the Brahmanaviolator.
13.3.11
बृहद् एनम् अनु वस्ते पुरस्ताद् रथंतरं प्रति गृह्णाति पश्चात् ।
ज्योतिर् वसाने सदम् अप्रमादम् ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
bṛhad enam anu vaste purastād rathaṃtaraṃ prati gṛhṇāti paścāt ।
jyotir vasāne sadam apramādam ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
First Brhat, vast space, wears the divine vestment of Brahma, then after, the floating stars and planets wear the power and glory of the Supreme power and continue to move with Divinity relentlessly with divine energy through their light and motion. To that presence of Brahma reflected in space, stars and planets, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler risen high and self-refulgent, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and correction to the Brahmanaviolator.
13.3.12
बृहद् अन्यतः पक्ष आसीद् रथंतरम् अन्यतः सबले सध्रीची ।
यद् रोहितम् अजनयन्त देवाः ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
bṛhad anyataḥ pakṣa āsīd rathaṃtaram anyataḥ sabale sadhrīcī ।
yad rohitam ajanayanta devāḥ ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
Brhat, infinite constancy of Prakrti, the unbounded vastness of space and the boundless meaning of Sama, is one aspect of Brahma in existence, and the Rathantaram mutability of Prakrti and the inspiring power of Soma, is another aspect, and the two in complementarity comprehend, ordain, energise and direct the dynamics of the universe. To that infinite and manifestive presence of Brahma and Its ordainment of existence, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler risen high and potent, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and correction to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.13
स वरुणः सायम् अग्निर् भवति स मित्रो भवति प्रातर् उद्यन् ।
स सविता भूत्वान्तरिक्षेण याति स इन्द्रो भूत्वा तपति मध्यतो दिवम् ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
sa varuṇaḥ sāyam agnir bhavati sa mitro bhavati prātar udyan ।
sa savitā bhūtvāntarikṣeṇa yāti sa indro bhūtvā tapati madhyato divam ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
That Brahma, the Sun, becomes Varuna, ruddy fire in the evening, it becomes Mitra when rising in the morning, becoming Savita, life giving inspirer, it goes on across the middle space, while becoming Indra, it blazes as heavenly light at noon. To that self-refulgent presence, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler risen highand brilliant, shale up that person, punish him down to naught, and extend the snares of law, justice and punishment, to the Brahma violator.
13.3.14
सहस्राह्ण्यं वियताव् अस्य पक्षौ हरेर् हंसस्य पततः स्वर्गम् ।
स देवान्त् सर्वान् उरस्य् उपदद्य संपश्यन् याति भुवनानि विश्वा ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
sahasrāhṇyaṃ viyatāv asya pakṣau harer haṃsasya patataḥ svargam ।
sa devānt sarvān urasy upadadya saṃpaśyan yāti bhuvanāni viśvā ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
Over a thousand days of Divinities, each day equal to the four yugas of 4,320000 (four million, three hundred and twenty thousand) years, are spread the wings of the will and action of the cosmic Sun, saviour spirit and redeemer from the oppressions of life, the heavenly Bird which flies over and beyond the borders of time and space on the path of eternal freedom. Having taken over all divine forces of nature and humanity unto its heart, watching over all worlds of existence, it flies on and on. To this over-presiding Power of the universe, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler risen high over the world, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the snares of law, justice and punishment to the Brahmanaviolator.
13.3.15
अयं स देवो अप्स्व् अन्तः सहस्रमूलः परुशाको अत्त्रिः ।
य इदं विश्वं भुवनं जजान ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
ayaṃ sa devo apsv antaḥ sahasramūlaḥ paruśāko attriḥ ।
ya idaṃ viśvaṃ bhuvanaṃ jajāna ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
This Brahma, self manifested Supreme Spirit of the universe, is at the heart of waters and all dynamics of nature and humanity. It is the ultimate root cause of thousands of Prakrti’s forms and variations, infinite in power, creative saviour and promoter during evolution and the ultimate devourer that sucks in unto Itself all that is in existence. To this Lord that generated this entire universe, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that sinner, punish him down to naught, extend the snares of law, justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.16
शुक्रं वहन्ति हरयो रघुष्यदो देवं दिवि वर्चसा भ्राजमानम् ।
यस्योर्ध्वा दिवं तन्वस् तपन्त्य् अर्वाङ् सुवर्णैः पटरैर् वि भाति ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
śukraṃ vahanti harayo raghuṣyado devaṃ divi varcasā bhrājamānam ।
yasyordhvā divaṃ tanvas tapanty arvāṅ suvarṇaiḥ paṭarair vi bhāti ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
Waves of energy at the speed of light irradiate the sun, pure, powerful and divine, shining with splendour in heavn. His radiant rays of light set the heaven ablaze as he shines forth toward the earth below with golden bursts of light showers. To that Divine Sun, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the person who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that sinner, punish him down to naught, extend the snares of law. justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.17
येनादित्यान् हरितः सम्वहन्ति येन यज्ञेन बहवो यन्ति प्रजानन्तः ।
यद् एकं ज्योतिर् बहुधा विभाति ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
yenādityān haritaḥ samvahanti yena yajñena bahavo yanti prajānantaḥ ।
yad ekaṃ jyotir bahudhā vibhāti ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
That Supreme Brahma by whose prime potential the rays of light irradiate the sun over the zodiacs, by whose adorable grace learned sages live and attain to Freedom, the One Light that shines in many forms, to that Lord that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that sinner, punish him down to naught, extend the snares of law, justice and retribuction to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.18
सप्त युञ्जन्ति रथम् एकचक्रम् एको अश्वो वहति सप्तनामा ।
त्रिनाभि चक्रम् अजरम् अनर्वं यत्रेमा विश्वा भुवनाधि तस्थुः ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
sapta yuñjanti ratham ekacakram eko aśvo vahati saptanāmā ।
trinābhi cakram ajaram anarvaṃ yatremā viśvā bhuvanādhi tasthuḥ ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
Seven rays of light are yoked to the one wheel chariot of time drawn by one horse of light of seven names. The wheel, unaging and automotive, has three subwheels with three naves and three rims, three phases of time and seasons, and in this time-space orbit of the sun abide ah regions of the world of existence. To that Lord of time and the sun, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that sinner, punish him down to naught, extend the snares of law, justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.19
अष्टधा युक्तो वहति वह्निर् उग्रः पिता देवानां जनिता मतीनाम् ।
ऋतस्य तन्तुं मनसा मिमानः सर्वा दिशः पवते मातरिश्वा ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
aṣṭadhā yukto vahati vahnir ugraḥ pitā devānāṃ janitā matīnām ।
ṛtasya tantuṃ manasā mimānaḥ sarvā diśaḥ pavate mātariśvā ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
Joined with, pervading in, the eightfold form of the world of Prakrti diversified over Akasha, Vayu, Agni, Apah, Prthivi, mind, intelligence and Ahankara (Gita, 7,4-5) and, through universal mind, extending the Rtam thread of the unity of truth and law through ah these eight (Gita, 7,7), the mighty awful burden bearer of the universe, father creator of the divine forms of nature. generator of the intelligence and piety of the wise in humanity, the divine Spirit of the universe rolls through and rules over all the quarters of space across the universe. To that One Lord of time and space and humanity, that person is an offensive sinner who violates a Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that sinner, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.20
संयञ्चं तन्तुं प्रदिशो ऽनु सर्वा अन्तर् गायत्र्याम् अमृतस्य गर्भे ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
उद् वेपय रोहित प्र क्षिणीहि ब्रह्मज्यस्य प्रति मुञ्च पाशान् ॥
saṃyañcaṃ tantuṃ pradiśo 'nu sarvā antar gāyatryām amṛtasya garbhe ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
ud vepaya rohita pra kṣiṇīhi brahmajyasya prati muñca pāśān ॥
Holding with the universal mind the one single thread of unity and law of Rtam running through the total diversity of existence over and across all directions of space in the generative womb of Gayatri, the mighty awesome burden bearer of the universe rolls through all regions of the universe. To that wielder of the unity thread of diversity, that person is an offensive sinner who violates the Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that sinner, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.21
निम्रुचस् तिस्रो व्युषो ह तिस्रस् त्रीणि रजांसि दिवो अङ्ग तिस्रः ।
विद्मा ते अग्ने त्रेधा जनित्रं त्रेधा देवानां जनिमानि विद्म ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
nimrucas tisro vyuṣo ha tisras trīṇi rajāṃsi divo aṅga tisraḥ ।
vidmā te agne tredhā janitraṃ tredhā devānāṃ janimāni vidma ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
Three are the kinds of sun-set, three the dawns, three are the regions of firmament, dear friend, three the heavens. O Agni, we know your three kinds of birth, we know three kinds of the birth of divinities. To that Lord whose manifestation all these are, that person is an offensive sinner who violates the Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that sinner, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator. (Three sun-rises and sun-sets have been interpreted by Vishwanatha Vidyalankara as: one on March 21 and September 23, another on June 21, and the third on December 21. With reference to these three, the relative position of the earth with the solar region makes for three heavens or regions of light on earth, the northern, the central and the southern. Three ‘Rajansi’ or regions of the world are the earth, the middle region, and the solar region. Three kinds of the birth of fire are: from fuel on earth, from Vayu (electricity), in the middle regions, and from the sun in the solar region. Three kinds of the birth of divinities are: Birth of the stars from Prakrti’s Virat mutation, birth of the planets from the stars, and birth of satellites such as moon from planets.)
13.3.22
वि य और्णोत् पृथिवीं जायमान आ समुद्रम् अदधात् अन्तरिक्षे ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
उद् वेपय रोहित प्र क्षिणीहि ब्रह्मज्यस्य प्रति मुञ्च पाशान् ॥
vi ya aurṇot pṛthivīṃ jāyamāna ā samudram adadhāt antarikṣe ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
ud vepaya rohita pra kṣiṇīhi brahmajyasya prati muñca pāśān ॥
He that, self-manifesting and rising, covers the earth with light and vegetation, who places the ocean of vapour in the sky, to that lord self-manifested, that person is an offensive sinner who violates the Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that sinner, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.23
त्वम् अग्ने क्रतुभिः केतुभिर् हितो ऽर्कः समिद्ध उद् अरोचथा दिवि ।
किम् अभ्य् आर्चन् मरुतः पृश्निमातरो यद् रोहितम् अजनयन्त देवाः ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
tvam agne kratubhiḥ ketubhir hito 'rkaḥ samiddha ud arocathā divi ।
kim abhy ārcan marutaḥ pṛśnimātaro yad rohitam ajanayanta devāḥ ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
O Agni, light of life, by acts, attributes, rays of light and flames of fire, you manifest for the benefit of your creations. Self-lighted and raised, you rise and shine in the heavens. Lighted and raised in yajna, you rise and reach the solar regions. When all the Divinities manifest the presence of Rohita, the Sun on high and everywhere, who would the people, vibrant children of versatile mother earth, worship? Only you, none else. To such lord of light, that person is an offensive sinner who violates the Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, throw the snares of justice and retribution to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.24
य आत्मदा बलदा यस्य विश्व उपासते प्रशिषं यस्य देवाः ।
यो ऽस्येशे द्विपदो यश् चतुष्पदः ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
ya ātmadā baladā yasya viśva upāsate praśiṣaṃ yasya devāḥ ।
yo 'syeśe dvipado yaś catuṣpadaḥ ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
He that is the giver of life to the soul and the power and potential the soul needs on earth, whose glory all people and all worlds in existence worship and all divinities celebrate, who rules the life of all living beings, humans, animals and all others, to that lord of glory, that person is an offensive sinner who violates the Brahmana, the man who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that person, punish him down to naught, extend the arms of law, justice and correction to the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.25
एकपाद् द्विपदो भूयो वि चक्रमे द्विपात् त्रिपादम् अभ्य् एति पश्चात् ।
चतुष्पाच् चक्रे द्विपदाम् अभिस्वरे संपश्यन् पङ्क्तिम् उपतिष्ठमानः ।
तस्य देवस्य क्रुद्धस्यैतद् आगो य एवं विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं जिनाति ।
ekapād dvipado bhūyo vi cakrame dvipāt tripādam abhy eti paścāt ।
catuṣpāc cakre dvipadām abhisvare saṃpaśyan paṅktim upatiṣṭhamānaḥ ।
tasya devasya kruddhasyaitad āgo ya evaṃ vidvāṃsaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ jināti ।
The One sole self-existent Brahma exceeds the twofold created world of Purusha and Prakrti more and ever more. In the process of creative evolution, the twofold world of Purusha and Prakrti develops to the threefold world of Purusha, Prakrti and Jiva more and ever more. On the invocation of the human community in unity, close upon the unity, Brahma ordained them to be organised into four classes. To such a lord of light and comprehensive sight, that person is an offensive sinner who violates the Brahmana, the person who knows Brahma in truth. O Rohita, Ruler on high, shake up that Brahmana violator, punish him down to naught, let the snares of law, justice and retribution be spread wide for the Brahmana-violator.
13.3.26
कृष्णायः पुत्रो अर्जुनो रात्र्या वत्सो ऽजायत ।
स ह द्याम् अधि रोहति रुहो रुरोह रोहितः ॥
kṛṣṇāyaḥ putro arjuno rātryā vatso 'jāyata ।
sa ha dyām adhi rohati ruho ruroha rohitaḥ ॥
Sūkta 4
Atharvaveda 13.4 · 55 mantras
13.4.26
स एति सविता स्वर् दिवस् पृष्ठे ऽवचाकशत् ॥
स रुद्रो वसुवनिर् वसुदेये नमोवाके वषट्कारो ऽनु संहितः ॥
sa eti savitā svar divas pṛṣṭhe 'vacākaśat ॥
sa rudro vasuvanir vasudeye namovāke vaṣaṭkāro 'nu saṃhitaḥ ॥
There rises Savita, Light of life Supreme, inspiring Sun on Top of heaven (in the Sahasrar Chakra). It comes shining, radiating, revealing, observing, inspiring below (towards the heart core).
13.4.2
रश्मिभिर् नभ आभृतं महेन्द्र एत्य् आवृतः ॥
raśmibhir nabha ābhṛtaṃ mahendra ety āvṛtaḥ ॥
The sky is full, overflows with light; wrapped radiant with divine light, Mahendra, the great omnipotent, comes (towards the heart core).
13.4.3
स धाता स विधर्ता स वायुर् नभ उच्छ्रितम् ॥
sa dhātā sa vidhartā sa vāyur nabha ucchritam ॥
He is the creator, sustainer, He is the ordainer, Vayu, breath of life, Nabha, omnipresent boundless as space, highest. The sky overflows with light, Mahendra comes wrapped in the halo of light.
13.4.4
सो ऽर्यमा स वरुणः स रुद्रः स महादेवः ॥
so 'ryamā sa varuṇaḥ sa rudraḥ sa mahādevaḥ ॥
He is Aryama, guide and path maker, Varuna, lord of judgement and choice, Rudra, just and merciful, Mahadeva, highest refulgent, kind and gracious. The sky overflows with light, Mahendra comes wrapped in the halo of light.
13.4.5
सो अग्निः स उ सूर्यः स उ एव महायमः ॥
so agniḥ sa u sūryaḥ sa u eva mahāyamaḥ ॥
He is Agni, fire and passion of life, leader, pioneer. High-priest. He is the Surya, self-refulgent. He is Mahayama, supreme guide and justiciar. The sky overflows with light, Mahendra comes wrapped in the halo of divinity.
13.4.6
तं वत्सा उप तिष्ठन्त्य् एकशीर्षाणो युता दश ॥
taṃ vatsā upa tiṣṭhanty ekaśīrṣāṇo yutā daśa ॥
them, stand about and adore him. The sky overflows with light, Mahendra comes wrapped in the halo of divinity. (Ten darlings: five organs of perception with mana, buddhi, chitta, aharkara and Jivatma, being the chief. In case of the sun, the ten are planets and satellites, abundant earth being the chief. Five pranas and five organs of volition could be taken as the ten darlings.)
13.4.7
पश्चात् प्राञ्च आ तन्वन्ति यद् उदेति वि भासति ॥
paścāt prāñca ā tanvanti yad udeti vi bhāsati ॥
When the sun rises, shines and radiates its light, the senses and mind, which normally move outwards, come back and turn inward. The sky overflows with light, Mahendra comes wrapped in the halo of divinity. (When the divine light shines in the Sahasrar Chakra, the lower chakras receive and overflow with the light of divinity which flows down to the heart core.)
13.4.8
तस्यैष मारुतो गणः स एति शिक्याकृतः ॥
tasyaiṣa māruto gaṇaḥ sa eti śikyākṛtaḥ ॥
The divine force of vibrant winds, Maruts in the sky and pranas in the human system, moves forward on the swing when the light of the divine Sun radiates to it. (Agni as the light and fire of divinity has three orders: fire on earth, vayu, or wind and electric energy in the sky, and aditya, or sunlight, in the solar region. When the sun shines and light radiates, it first fils the sky and then reaches the earth. This same analogy is here applied to the human psychic system in the process of spiritual realisation in meditation.)
13.4.9
रश्मिभिर् नभ आभृतं महेन्द्र एत्य् आवृतः ॥
raśmibhir nabha ābhṛtaṃ mahendra ety āvṛtaḥ ॥
The sky, the heart, overflows with the light of divine Savita, Mahendra, Lord Supreme of self-refulgence, radiates and shines wrapped in light divine.
13.4.10
तस्येमे नव कोशा विष्टम्भा नवधा हिताः ॥
tasyeme nava kośā viṣṭambhā navadhā hitāḥ ॥
Of that Savita, these nine are the Koshas, sustaining and sustained by Savita, nine ways. (The Koshas sustaining and sustained by Savita are five koshas, i.e., annamaya, pranamaya, manomaya, anandamaya and vijnanamaya, in addition three faculties of perceptive organs, chitta and ahankara and Jivatma. Or, eight chakras described in Atharva-veda, 10, 2, 31 and 11,4, 22, and jivatma itself.)
13.4.11
स प्रजाभ्यो वि पश्यति यच् च प्राणति यच् च न ॥
sa prajābhyo vi paśyati yac ca prāṇati yac ca na ॥
He, Savita, watches everything for the children of divine creation, all that breathe and those that don’t.
13.4.12
तम् इदं निगतं सहः स एष एक एकवृद् एक एव ॥
tam idaṃ nigataṃ sahaḥ sa eṣa eka ekavṛd eka eva ॥
That Savita is all this concentrated force of existence, and all this concentrated force of matter, energy and thought is contained and sustained in Savita. And That is only One, the One self-existent, self-sustained.
13.4.13
एते अस्मिन् देवा एकवृतो भवन्ति ॥
ete asmin devā ekavṛto bhavanti ॥
All these divine forces of existence are concentred in Him, one with and one into that.
13.4.14
कीर्तिश् च यशश् चाम्भश् च नभश् च ब्राह्मणवर्चसं चान्नं चान्नाद्यं च ॥
kīrtiś ca yaśaś cāmbhaś ca nabhaś ca brāhmaṇavarcasaṃ cānnaṃ cānnādyaṃ ca ॥
Fame, honour and glory, valour and brilliance, inviolable identity, sagely splendour, food and prosperity, and the capacity for good health and preservation of one’s health and well being, all are his.
13.4.15
य एतं देवम् एकवृतं वेद ॥
ya etaṃ devam ekavṛtaṃ veda ॥
Who knows this Savita as One all-concentred Being, he is the man who knows.
13.4.16
न द्वितीयो न तृतीयश् चतुर्थो नाप्य् उच्यते ॥
na dvitīyo na tṛtīyaś caturtho nāpy ucyate ॥
ever said to be. He that knows Savita as One, knows.
13.4.17
न पञ्चमो न षष्ठः सप्तमो नाप्य् उच्यते ॥
na pañcamo na ṣaṣṭhaḥ saptamo nāpy ucyate ॥
Nor fifth, nor sixth, nor even seventh is He ever said to be. He that knows Savita as one is the man that really knows.
13.4.18
नाष्टमो न नवमो दशमो नाप्य् उच्यते ॥
nāṣṭamo na navamo daśamo nāpy ucyate ॥
Nor eighth, nor nineth, nor even tenth is He ever said to be. He that knows Savita as such, as One and only One, really knows.
13.4.19
स सर्वस्मै वि पश्यति यच् च प्राणति यच् च न ॥
sa sarvasmai vi paśyati yac ca prāṇati yac ca na ॥
He watches wholly and comprehensively for the sake of all, all that breathe and those that don’t. He that knows Savita as such, as One and only One, really knows.
13.4.20
तम् इदं निगतं सहः स एष एक एकवृद् एक एव ॥
tam idaṃ nigataṃ sahaḥ sa eṣa eka ekavṛd eka eva ॥
That One Savita is all this concentrated force of existence. All this concentrated force of matter, energy and thought is contained and sustained in Savita. And that Savita is only One, the One self-existent, self-sustained. And he who knows this Savita as One all-concentred Being really knows.
13.4.21
सर्वे अस्मिन् देवा एकवृतो भवन्ति ॥
sarve asmin devā ekavṛto bhavanti ॥
All divinities of existence concentre into Him, one with and one into that. He that knows this Savita as One all-concentred Being really knows.
13.4.22
ब्रह्म च तपश् च कीर्तिश् च यशश् चाम्भश् च नभश् च ब्राह्मणवर्चसं चान्नं चान्नाद्यं च ॥
brahma ca tapaś ca kīrtiś ca yaśaś cāmbhaś ca nabhaś ca brāhmaṇavarcasaṃ cānnaṃ cānnādyaṃ ca ॥
Divine knowledge, austere discipline, fame, honour and glory, power, force, sagely splendour, food and prosperity, health and nourishment,
13.4.23
भूतं च भव्यं च श्रद्धा च रुचिश् च स्वर्गश् च स्वधा च ॥
bhūtaṃ ca bhavyaṃ ca śraddhā ca ruciś ca svargaś ca svadhā ca ॥
Past achievement, present and future possibilities, faith, lustre and pleasure, happiness and
13.4.24
य एतं देवम् एकवृतं वेद ॥
ya etaṃ devam ekavṛtaṃ veda ॥
Belong to him who knows this refulgent Savita as the One and only One all concentrated Being.
13.4.25
स एव मृत्युः सो ऽमृतं सो ऽभ्वं स रक्षः ॥
sa eva mṛtyuḥ so 'mṛtaṃ so 'bhvaṃ sa rakṣaḥ ॥
13.4.27
तस्येमे सर्वे यातव उप प्रशिषम् आसते ॥
tasyeme sarve yātava upa praśiṣam āsate ॥
All the moving stars and planets obey his law and discipline with praise and adoration.
13.4.28
तस्यामू सर्वा नक्षत्रा वशे चन्द्रमसा सह ॥
tasyāmū sarvā nakṣatrā vaśe candramasā saha ॥
All those stars and constellations including the moon abide under his law and control.
13.4.29
स वा अह्नो ऽजायत तस्माद् अहर् अजायत ॥
sa vā ahno 'jāyata tasmād ahar ajāyata ॥
He is manifest from the day, since the day is bom of him through his manifestation.
13.4.30
स वै रात्र्या अजायत तस्माद् रात्रिर् अजायत ॥
sa vai rātryā ajāyata tasmād rātrir ajāyata ॥
He is manifest from the night, since the night is bom of him through his manifestation.
13.4.31
स वा अन्तरिक्षाद् अजायत तस्माद् अन्तरिक्षम् अजायत ॥
sa vā antarikṣād ajāyata tasmād antarikṣam ajāyata ॥
He is manifest from the firmament, since the firmament is born of him through his manifestation.
13.4.32
स वै वायोर् अजायत तस्माद् वायुर् अजायत ॥
sa vai vāyor ajāyata tasmād vāyur ajāyata ॥
He is manifest from Vayu, sinceVayu is bom of him through his manifestation.
13.4.33
स वै दिवो ऽजायत तस्माद् द्यौर् अधि अजायत ॥
sa vai divo 'jāyata tasmād dyaur adhi ajāyata ॥
He is manifest from the solar region, since the solar region is bom of him through his manifestation.
13.4.34
स वै दिग्भ्यो ऽजायत तस्माद् दिशो ऽजायन्त ॥
sa vai digbhyo 'jāyata tasmād diśo 'jāyanta ॥
He is manifest from the quarters of space, since the quarters of space are born of him through his manifestation.
13.4.35
स वै भूमेर् अजायत तस्माद् भूमिर् अजायत ॥
sa vai bhūmer ajāyata tasmād bhūmir ajāyata ॥
He is manifest from the earth, since the earth is bom of him through his manifestation.
13.4.36
स वा अग्नेर् अजायत तस्माद् अग्निर् अजायत ॥
sa vā agner ajāyata tasmād agnir ajāyata ॥
He is manifest from Agni, since the fire is bom of him through his manifestation.
13.4.37
स वा अद्भ्यो ऽजायत तस्माद् आपो ऽजायन्त ॥
sa vā adbhyo 'jāyata tasmād āpo 'jāyanta ॥
And he is manifest from the waters, since the waters are bom of him through his manifestation.
13.4.38
स वा ऋग्भ्यो ऽजायत तस्माद् ऋचो ऽजायन्त ॥
sa vā ṛgbhyo 'jāyata tasmād ṛco 'jāyanta ॥
And he emerges from the Rks, since the Rks are bom of him for his self-manifestation.
13.4.39
स वै यज्ञाद् अजायत तस्माद् यज्ञो ऽजायत ॥
sa vai yajñād ajāyata tasmād yajño 'jāyata ॥
And he is born of yajna, since yajna is bom of him since creation.
13.4.40
स यज्ञस् तस्य यज्ञः स यज्ञस्य शिरस् कृतम् ॥
sa yajñas tasya yajñaḥ sa yajñasya śiras kṛtam ॥
He is yajna of the cosmos, and yajna is his, and he is the supreme power and deity of yajna.
13.4.41
स स्तनयति स वि द्योतते स उ अश्मानम् अस्यति ॥
sa stanayati sa vi dyotate sa u aśmānam asyati ॥
He thunders, he flashes as lightning, and he sends the showers of hail down on earth.
13.4.42
पापाय वा भद्राय वा पुरुषायासुराय वा ॥
pāpāya vā bhadrāya vā puruṣāyāsurāya vā ॥
And he does this for the sinner, for the virtuous, for man, and for the demon.
13.4.43
यद् वा कृणोष्य् ओषधीर् यद् वा वर्षसि भद्रया यद् वा जन्यम् अवीवृधः ॥
yad vā kṛṇoṣy oṣadhīr yad vā varṣasi bhadrayā yad vā janyam avīvṛdhaḥ ॥
Whether you raise herbs or send down showers of rain for the good of life or promote humanity...
13.4.44
तावांस् ते मघवन् महिमोपो ते तन्वः शतम् ॥
tāvāṃs te maghavan mahimopo te tanvaḥ śatam ॥
All that is your grandeur and glory. Lord Almighty, a mark of your infinite action and potential
13.4.45
उपो ते बध्वे बद्धानि यदि वासि न्यर्बुदम् ॥
upo te badhve baddhāni yadi vāsi nyarbudam ॥
Billions are your manifestations, all things controlled within the bounds of your law.
13.4.46
भूयान् इन्द्रो नमुराद् भूयान् इन्द्रासि मृत्युभ्यः ॥
bhūyān indro namurād bhūyān indrāsi mṛtyubhyaḥ ॥
Indra is greater than the immortals, Prakrti, particles and Jiva, Indra is greater than all the mortal and mutable forms of Prakrti.
13.4.47
भूयान् अरात्याः शच्याः पतिस् त्वम् इन्द्रासि विभूः प्रभूर् इति त्वोपास्महे वयम् ॥
bhūyān arātyāḥ śacyāḥ patis tvam indrāsi vibhūḥ prabhūr iti tvopāsmahe vayam ॥
Indra, greater than non-liberality and enmity, lord of great powers and actions, you are infinite and supreme master over all. We worship you and pray for being close to you.
13.4.48
नमस् ते अस्तु पश्यत पश्य मा पश्यत ॥
namas te astu paśyata paśya mā paśyata ॥
Salutations to you. Lord all-watching. Pray watch me with a favourable eye, O watchful Lord.
13.4.49
अन्नाद्येन यशसा तेजसा ब्राह्मणवर्चसेन ॥
annādyena yaśasā tejasā brāhmaṇavarcasena ॥
Look at me with love and favour, bless me with food and nourishment, honour and fame, lustre and splendour, and the light and brilliance worthy of a Brahmana.
13.4.50
अम्भो अमो महः सह इति त्वोपास्महे वयम् ॥
ambho amo mahaḥ saha iti tvopāsmahe vayam ॥
Lord immense and infinite, omnipotent, great and glorious, patient yet unchallengeable, we adore and worship you.
13.4.51
अम्भो अरुणं रजतं रजः सह इति त्वोपास्महे वयम् ॥
ambho aruṇaṃ rajataṃ rajaḥ saha iti tvopāsmahe vayam ॥
Fathomless as the ocean, flaming as fire and glorious as dawn, pure and spotless as light, dynamic as energy, patient yet unchallengeable, thus do we worship and adore you.
13.4.52
उरुः पृथुः सुभूर् भुव इति त्वोपास्महे वयम् ॥
uruḥ pṛthuḥ subhūr bhuva iti tvopāsmahe vayam ॥
Cosmic umbrella, unbounded Presence, gracious Divinity, shelter home and happiness for all, thus do we worship and adore you.
13.4.53
प्रथो वरो व्यचो लोक इति त्वोपास्महे वयम् ॥
pratho varo vyaco loka iti tvopāsmahe vayam ॥
Lord of expansive universe, highest best, omnipresent, gracious, thus do we worship and adore you.
13.4.54
भवद्वसुर् इदद्वसुः संयद्वसुर् आयद्वसुर् इति त्वोपास्महे वयम् ॥
bhavadvasur idadvasuḥ saṃyadvasur āyadvasur iti tvopāsmahe vayam ॥
Creator of wealth, value and grandeur of wealth, controller and ordainer of wealth, and the winner of stability of wealth, thus do we worship and adore you.
13.4.55
नमस् ते अस्तु पश्यत पश्य मा पश्यत ॥
namas te astu paśyata paśya mā paśyata ॥
Salutations to you. Lord Savita, all watchful, pray keep the gracious eye on me, all-watching divine Presence.
13.4.56
अन्नाद्येन यशसा तेजसा ब्राह्मणवर्चसेन ॥
annādyena yaśasā tejasā brāhmaṇavarcasena ॥
Bless me with food, nourishment and good health, honour and fame, lustre and splendour, and the vision and brilliance worthy of a Brahmana dedicated to Brahma.