356. 394 CHAPTER VII

394 CHAPTER VII

pleasure arising from it can, therefore, be reasonably held to be similar to that arising from the perception of the latter.

BHAMAHA'S CONCEPTION OF GUŅAS. As in the case of poetic embellishments or Alankāras so in that of the poetic qualities, Bhamaha's source seems to be different from that of the subsequent poeticians, Dandin etc. In this case also Bhamaha ignores Bharata. For, while, according to Bharata, there are ten qualities of poetic composition, Bhamaha mentions only three, sweetness, clearness1 and forcefulness (Madhurya, Prasada and Ojas). Further, the latter's conception of these qualities also is different from that of the former.

1. Sweetness, according to Bharata, consists in such a presentation of the same meaning in more than one way in2 succession as pleases the mind of the reader or the hearer of the composition. But, according to Bhāmaha, it consists in the sweetness of sound and simplicity, i. e. freedom from complexity, of meaning. 2. Clearness (Prasada) according to the former, consists in that particular arrangement4 of words and meanings, which clearly conveys to the reader what is not directly expressed. But, according to the latter, it consists in such clarity of meaning that from the learned to the child, all are equally able to grasp it". 3. Powerfulness (Ojas), according to the former, consists in the use of compounds, the syllablese of which are necessarily related and involve some alliteration. But

2. K. A., 8. 2. N. S., 212. 3. K. A., 8. 4. N. S., 211. 5. K. A., 8. 6. A. Bh., Vol. II. 340.