368. 406 CHAPTER VII

406 CHAPTER VII

technically called Guņas :- (i) Ojas (ii) Prasāda (iii) Śleșa (iv) Samatā (v) Samādhi (vi) Mādhurya (vii) Saukumārya (viii) Udāratā (ix) Artha- vyakti and (x) Kānti1. These qualities are common to both the word and the meaning (Sabda and Artha). And, according to him, the best poetry is that which possesses all of them. It is because of this that he enjoins that the2 Vaidarbhi style should be followed. For, it possesses3 all the qualities. He rejects the other two, namely, Gaudīyā and Pañcālī, because they have only a few of the said qualities.

Of the said ten qualities, the two qualities as defined by Vamana, require clear definitions here. The one places his conception of poetry on a par with that of Bhamaha and the other represents an advance of his idea on that of the latter. The one is Madhurya and the other in Kanti. Bhamaha's idea of Vakrokti, which, according to him, is the most essential element of poetry, is included in Vamana's conception of Sweetness of meaning (Madhurya), because it consists in presenting the meaning or idea in such a manner that it may have an interesting4 peculiarity (Vaicitrya) of its own. This is just what Bhamaha means by Vakrokti. The word Vaicitrya is used by Kuntaka, a distinguished follower of Bhamaha, as synonymous with Vakratva. Vamana's conception of the quality, Kanti, represents an advance, because the Kanti involves the presentation of the æsthetic configuration, Rasa, as con- ceived by Bharata, as an essential element of poetry. Kanti5 consists in having the various Rasas well delineated. K.S., 70. 2. K.S., 20. 3. K.S., 21. 4. K. S., 92. 5. K. S. 94.