142. 140 HISTORY OF SANSKRIT POETICS

140 HISTORY OF SANSKRIT POETICS

Vanivilas Press (1909). Dr. Cappeller brought out an edition at Jena in 1875 with a German Introduction. The work is divided into three parts, the sutras, the authoor's own urtti thereon and examples. वामन himself says 'प्रथम्यं परमं ज्योतिर्वामनेन कविप्रिया। काव्यालक्वारसूत्रायां स्रेषां वृत्तिर्विधीयते ।।'. This is further corroborated by the fact that s. early a writer as प्रतीहारेन्दुराज ascribes noi only the sutras (e. g. araa III. I. 1 2 on p. 17 and IV. 3. 8 on p. 81) but also passages from the वृत्ति to वामन (c. g. the two verses युवतेरिव रूपमक्र काव्यं and यदि भवति which arc cited by वामन under III. 1. 2 are ascribed to वामन on p. 76 and the words 'लक्षयायां हि कगित्यर्थप्रनिपत्तिक्षमत्वं रहस्यमाचक्षते' which occur in the वृत्ति on IV. 3. 8 are ascribed to वामन on p.8t by प्रतीहा- रेन्दुराज. Similarly, the लोचन (p. 43) cites वामन's definition of शाच्ेप and quotes the two instances given in the वृत्ति on IV. 3.27. Most of the examples cited in the qfa are taken from standard works as वामन himself says 'एभिर्निदर्शनैः स्वीयै: परकीयैश्च पुष्कलैः। शब्द्रवैचित्र्यगर्भेयमुपमैंव प्रपन्चिता ।' (on IV. 3. 33). वामन's वृत्ति quotes about 250 verses or parts of verses. As वामन is coparatively a very early writer, his work, which is full of quotations, is of capital importance for settling the chronology of many Sanskrit writers. In this work I have given references to the Nirņayasāgara edition of 1926. Vämana writes in the sūtra style and also borrows the ter- minology of sutra writers in divid ng his work into five अधिकरएs. Each अधिकरण is divided into two or three अध्यायs. There are in all 12 अध्याय (the Ist aud 4ih अधिकरणs having three अo and the rest two each) and 319 sutras. It will be noticed that he reverses the relation of अध्यायs and अधिकरखs, but he appears to have followed कौटिल्य's अर्थशास्त and the कामसूत् in this. Ancient सूत्रकारs divide their works into अध्यायs, each comprising several अधिकरसs. The first अधि० (called शारीर) of वामन speaks of the प्रयोजनs of काव्य, those who are properly qualified to receive ins- truction in Poetics, declares that riti is the soul of poetry, speaks of three रीतिऽ, वैदर्भी, गौडी and पाल्चाली, dilates upon the subsidiary aids to poetry and the divisions of poetry. The 2nd sfio (called दोषदर्शन) speaks of the दोषs of पद, वाक्य and वाक्यार्थ; the third अधि० (called गुणविवेचन) distinguishes between गुख and ACTERT and defines and illustrates the ten gunas (such as शजस्! of words and of sense; the 4th अधि० (called आलक्कारिक) treats uf यमक and अनुप्रास, of उपमा and the six dosas of उपमा, and