15. 12 HISTORY OF SANSKRIT POETICS

12 HISTORY OF SANSKRIT POETICS

15 and 16 of the Ch. ed. ( with 119 and 169 verses respectively) and chap. 14 and 15 of the G. O. S. ed. ( with 133 and 227 verses respectively ). The same scholar published in his 'Rhetorique Sanskrite' (1884) the 6th and 7th chapters of the Natyasastra in Roman characters and translation in French. The verses in these two chapters of Regnaud's edition are 84 and 123 ( while K. M. has 84 and 130 and Ch. has 83 and 124 respectively). The above statement is quite sufficient to show that the text of the Natyasastra is unsatisfactory and has been tampered with in almost every chapter. Those who.want to go into the question of the additions and alterations made in the text of the Natyasastra may read Mr. Kavi's Intro. to vol. I and II of the Abhinavabhāratī. Here again striking variations alone can be noted. I. From a verse in the Vikramorvasīya of Kālidāsa (II.18) it follows that in his day Bharata-muni was credited with having declared that the rasas in Natya were eight and that he represented a play before Indra with Apsarases as actresses ( मुनिना भरतेन यः प्रयोगो भवतीष्वष्टरसाश्रयः प्रयुक्तः। ललिताभिनयं तमध भर्ता मरुतां द्रष्टुमना: सलोकपाल:॥). The chief points of this verse are found in the extant Nātyaśāstra ( vide Ch. ed. chap. I for the instruction of Bharata in the Natyaveda, performance of a play with the help of Apsarases, verses 47-50, the presence of Sakra and Lokapālas verses 55 ff. and chap. 6. 15 for the eight rasas 'शृङ्गारहास्यकरुणरौद्रवीरभयानकाः। बीभत्साद्भतमंशञौ चेत्यष्टौ नाटये रसा: स्मृताः ॥'). The Ch. edition closes the 6th chapter with the verse (एवमेते रसा शेयास्त्वष्टौ लक्षयलच्िताः। 83). The काव्यादर्श ( II. 292 इह त्वष्टरसायत्ता रसवत्ता स्मृता गिराम्) shows that even in the 7th century the recognized rasas were only eight. Abhinavagupta notes that some people did not recognize nine rasas but only eight and that in old mss. he found a disquisition on sānta rasa and its sthāyibhāva sama. 'ये पुनर्नव रसा इति पठन्ति तन्मते शान्तस्वरूपमभिधीयते। G. O. S. vol. I p.333; and again "तस्मादस्ति शान्तो रसः। तथा च चिरन्तनपुस्तकेषु 'स्थायिभावान रसत्वमुपनेष्यामः'-इत्यनन्तरं 'शान्तो नाम शमस्थायिभावात्मकः' इत्यादि शान्तलक्षयं पठ्यते ।" G. O. S. vol. I p. 340. Regnaud's edition of chap 6. reads त्वष्टौ नाटयरसा: स्मृताः This establishes that Santa had not been recognised as a rasa at the time of Kālidāsa ( between 350-150 A. D. at the latest ) but had been