219. KĀVYAKAUTUKA 219

KĀVYAKAUTUKA 219

at the end of the 19th chap. of Natyasastra he states that the principles of the chapter on the sandhis were explained to him by Tota, the best of dvijas. Vide above p. 20 for the verse). One of his doctrines was that maH was at the head of all rasas as it led on to मोक. 'मोक्फल त्वेन चायं (शान्तो रसः) परमपुरुषार्थनिष्ठत्वात्सव- रसेम्यः प्रधानतमः । स चायमस्मदपाध्यायभट्टतौतेन काव्यकौतुके अस्मामिश्व तदि- वरखे बहुतरकृतनिर्णयः पूर्वपक्षसिद्धान्त इत्यलं बहुना' (लोचन p. 221 on कारिका III. 26). There is another doctrine which the लोचन (on p. 184) ascribes to Abhinava's Upadhyaya (i. e. तोत) 'प्रीत्यात्मा च रसस्तदेव नाट्यं नाट्य एव च वेद इत्यस्मदुपाध्यायः'. A few notices of the काव्यकौतुक of तोत may be stated here from the अभिनवभारती. On the words of भरत (नाव्य० VI.36.G. O.S.) 'तस्मान्नाट्यरसा: स्मृताः' अ्रभिनवगुप्त remarks: 'रससमुदायो हि नाट्यम्। न नाव्य एव च रसा काव्येपि नाट्यायमान एव रसः, काव्यार्थविषये हि प्रत्यक्षकल्पसंवेदनोदये रसोदय इत्युपा- ध्यायाः । तदाहुः काव्यकौतुके-प्रयोगत्वमनापन्ने काव्ये नास्वादसम्भवः । इति । वर्णनो- त्कलिकाभोगप्रोढोकत्या सम्यगर्पिताः। उद्यानकान्ताचन्द्राद्या भावा: प्रत्यक्षवत्स्फुटाः॥ rfa i' vol, I. pp. 291-92. This means that when the poet by his wonderful power of delineation makes the reader feel that the objects described are as if present before his eyes, then only rasa is realized by the reader of a poem. On p. 223 of vol. I (of ना्य०) reference is made to the verse in the काव्यकौतुक enume- rating rasas (यत्तपाध्यायः काव्यकौतुके रसोह शपरे शरोके निरूपितं etc.). On vol. I p. 187 reference is made to Tota's explanation of ara IV. 281 (G.O.S.ed.). On the verse of भरत (in VI. 51 p. 310 G. O. S.) a half verse in quoted to the effect that when karuņa is not subordinate to vipralambha (the love of separated lovers), then it is possible to find it in all beings (तदुक्तमस्मदुपा- ध्यायभट्टतोतेन-स्वातन्त्र्येण प्रवृत्तौ तु सर्वप्राषिषु सम्भवः ।). On नाट्यधर्मी (भरत 13. 14, G. O. S.) a verse of his teacher is quoted: 'यथोक्तमुपा- ध्यायै :- यदत्रास्ति न तत्रास्य कवेवर्णनमहृति। यन्नासम्भवि तत्र स्यात्सम्भव्यत्र तु ra: I' vol. II. p. 216. This verse and one more verse are quoted by अभिनव on the 19th chap. (p.71 of the GOS vol. III). On भरत chap. 15 last verse, भभिनव quotes a verse which requires even great poets not to forget the due order of the steps to be taken for making the play effective (स एव क्रम इत्युपाध्यायाः। यदाङु:। महाकवीनां पदवीमुपास्तामारुरक्षताम्। नासंस्मृत्य पदस्पर्श सम्पत्सोपान- पद्तिः ॥ इत्यादि । vol. II. pp.292). On p. 78 (of GOS ed. vol. III.) अभिनव remarks that rasa is a store of strikingness and charm that is entirely out of the common run and quotes six verses of Tota in support (about वा्याभिनय), the last two of