239. ABHINAVAGUPTA 239

ABHINAVAGUPTA 239

and भभिनवभारती are monuments of learning, critical insight, literary grace and style. He has been followed by all subse- quent eminent writers on these two subjects, except महिमभट्ट Vide Prof. S. P. Bhattācārya's paper on the impress of Kashmsr Śaivism on Alankāraśāstra in J. O. I (Baroda) vol. I pp. 245-252. He holds that such alankāras as Smaraņa, Pariņāma, Ullekha are due to Saivadarśana. I regard this as far-fetched. The fourth group of his works concerns the philosophy of the monistic Saivism of Kashmir (or Pratyabhijnāsāstra). In his ईश्वरप्रत्यमिश्ञाविमर्शिनी (I. 1. 2-5) he gives the गुरुपरम्परा as follows : a was the founder, in whose family was born सोमानन्दनाथ (who called his system शिवदृष्टि and expounded it). उत्पल, son of उदयाकर, was a pupil of सोमाननदनाथ and composed the प्रत्यभिश्ञासुत्र in 190 कारिकाड and himself wrote a वृत्ति and a टीका thereon (vide p. 175 above); his pupil was लक्षमणगुप्त whose pupil was अभिनवगुप्त.1 No work of लक्षमणगुप्त has so far been recovered. At the end of the ईश्वरप्रत्यभिशविवृतिविमर्शिनी

Kashmir S. S. No. 65). This means that the philosophy of

where passages concerning the first two matters have been set out. In the 2nd passage quoted there Abhinava expressly states that he follows the tradition that was handed down to him by his guru (Tota). As regards guņas and doșas he remarks (on नाट्यशाखत्र 16. 87 अतः परं प्रवच्यामि काव्यदोषान्गुणांस्तथा। vol. II. p.331 G. O.S.) 'केषुचित्पुस्तकेधु चैतद्यंथः पश्चाद् दृश्यते, बातुल्येन प्रथमं दृश्यते इति तथव व्याचछमहे।' We have seen above how but for his claborate commentary on the नाट्यशास we would have been in the dark about the vast literature on dramaturgy that once existed. अभिनवगुप in his great regard for poetry and drama- turgy boldly says (vol. III. p. 74 of GOS) 'रामायशेपि तथा वर्णित- मिति चेत्किमतः । वेदेपि तथा व्ष्यतां न वयमतो विभीमः। स हि भाग: काव्यं यम् यक्ष रसोमिष्यन्दी वयर्य इत्युक्तमसकृत्।', 1. उत्पल is mentioned in the लोचन (p.30 K. M. ed.) as परमगुरुof भभिनव० and a verse of his is quoted. The ईश्वरप्रत्यमिन्ना- बिमर्शिनी (Kashmir S. S. vol. XXII) states at the beginning that उत्पल propounded the प्रत्यमिन्चाशासत्र 'शरीसोमानन्दनाथस्य विज्ञानप्रति- बिम्यकम्। अनुत्तरानन्यसाचि पुमर्थोपायमभ्यषाव। ईश्वरप्रत्यमिश्ञायं यः शाखं यत्सुनिर्मलम्। तत्प्शिष्यः करोम्येतां तत्सूत्रवितृति लघुम्।' verses 2-4.