325. EARLY POETIC EFFORTS 327

EARLY POETIC EFFORTS 327

In Rg. X. 146. 1 (भरययान्यरएयान्यसी या प्रेव नश्यसि। कथा भ्रामं न पृच्छसि न त्वा भीरिव विदन्ती३ I।) there is उत्प्रेक्षा, which resembles the one in लिम्पतीव तमोक्ञानि० discussed by the काव्यादर्श (vide p.88 above) and in Rg. II. 35. 13 (सो अपा नपादनमिम्लातवर्योऽन्यस्येवेड तन्वा विवेष) also there is a fine उत्प्रेक्षा. Prof. Charu Deva Sastri in his valuable paper on 'Bhartrhari and the Vakyapadiya' (Proceedings, 5th All India O. Conference pp. 630-655) points out at p. 650 that Hrf in his महाभाष्यटीका states that one and the same object can be compared to itself (which is the figure 5q4) in the following कारिका 'दस्युहेन्द्र श्वेत्येतदैन्द्रे मन्त्रे प्रयुज्यते। अन्यत्र दृष्टकर्मेन्द्रो यथेत्यस्मिन् विवश्निते॥'. Prof. Charu Deva sets out the mantra as 'इन्द्र इव सुपस्तू यसे इन्द्र इव दस्युहा भव क्षेत्राशि सृज', but does not state whence it is taken. The means 'O Indra, you are praised like Indra,1 may you be killer of dasyus like Indra, create fields for us.' Dr. De (in H. S. P. vol. I. p. 341) says 'Undue emphasis appears to have been laid on the use of poetic figures in Vedic Literature by Kane in I. A. XLI, 1912, p. 12Cf.'. He is wrong. I put forward my thesis rather bricfly ard mcdestly. Therefore, I am obliged to elaborate it here. In the first place, reference must be made to the dialogues in the Rgveda, some of which are highly poetic and imrginative and all of which must be regarded as precursors of the later classical dramas. The following dia- logues may be referrcd to : Rg. III. 33 (Visvamitra and the rivers); X 10 (Yama and Yami), X. 108 (Sarar ā and Panis); I. 165 and 170 (Indra, Maruts ard Agastya); I. 179 (Agastya and Lopamudra and pupil); IV. 18 (Indra, Aditi and Vāma- deva); IV. 42 (Indra and Varuņa); VII. 33 (Vasiștha, his sons and Indra); VIII. 100 (Ncma Bhargava and Indra); X. 28 (Indra and wife of Vasukra); X. 51-53 (Gods and Agni); X. 86 (Indra, Indrāņī and Vrsākapi). Scma of these are obscure or enigmatic and one or two like X. 86 are almost unintelligible. Rg. X. 119 in a monologue (in which the poet fancies that Indra being intoxicated with Soma offerings muses to himself). Similarly, Rg. I. 24 is a soliloquy of in I. 3. 1. 25 and II. 2. 3. 7 (S. B. E. vol. 12 pp. 77, 315) respectively and on afeat (crowned queen, she-buffalo) in VI. 5. 3. 1 (S. B. E. vol. 41 p. 235). 1. This मन्त्र is found in मैत्रायणीसंहिता IV. 12. 73 as 'इन्द्र इव दस्युहा भवाप: केत्रायि संजय ।',