330. 332 HISTORY OF SANSKRIT POETICS

332 HISTORY OF SANSKRIT POETICS

ध्वन्यालोक (pp. 153 where the verse या निशा सर्वभूताना is quoted and p. 299 where 'भगवान् वासुदेवश्च कीत्यतेऽत्र सनातनः' भादिपर्व chap. I. 256 is quoted) and in the काव्यप्रकाश (4th उल्लास p. 169 the गृधगोमा- युसंवाद in शान्तिपव 153)1 and a few from the रामायण are mentioned (e. g. in ध्वo p. 76 रविसंक्रान्त० which is भरएय० 22. 13), The महा- भारत is more of a धमशास्त् than a काव्य, though, as the work itself asserts in no mood of vanity, it has inspired many poets ('rfa- हासोत्तमादस्माज्जायन्ते कविबुद्धयः' आादिपर्व 2. 385 and 'इदं कविवरः सवैराख्या- नमुपजीव्यते' आदि. 2 389). The रामायण is truly a kauya in its main purpose, its form and contents.2 It abounds in elaborate descriptions and flights of fancy. For example, the highly poetical description of the sea (हसन्तमिव फेनौधर्नत्यन्तमिव चोर्मिमिः) in the युद्धकाण्ड (4. 115 ff), the imaginative description of the sky in सुन्दरकाणड (57. 1-4) and the elaborate रूपक in अयोध्याकाएड (69. 28 ff), may be referred to in this connection. The दशरूप (I. 68)advises the authors of dramas to draw upon the रामायण and the बृहत्कथा for their plots. The quotation 'अकरो ददते मखिम्' in the निरुक (II. 2) seems to be taken from some secular poetic work. The sutra of Panini (अधिकृत्य कृते अ्रन्थे IV. 3. 87) and the following sūtra indicate the existence of secular works before Panini's day which may have been poctic. नमिसाधु on रुद्रट (II. 8) tells us that पाणिनि wrote a महाकाव्य called पातालविजय and then quotes one verse and a portion of another from that work. राजशेखर3 attributes the composition of the kauya जाम्बवतीजय to 1. गृधगोमायुसंवाद in शान्तिपर्व 153 verses 11, 12, 19, 65 (=cr. ed. chap. 149, verses 8, 9, 15, 60) are quoted in the काव्यप्रकाश as an example of प्रबन्धनिष्ठध्वनि. On 'या निशा' etc. the ध्व. rcmarks (p. 154) 'अनेन हि वाक्येन निशार्थो न जागरणार्थः कश्चिद्विवच्ितः कि तर्हि तत्वश्ञानावहि- तत्वमतत्त्वपराङमुखत्वं च मुनेः प्रतिपादत इति तिरस्कृतवाच्यस्यास्य व्यक्षकत्वम्'. 2. बालकाएड 2. 15 is the famous verse मा निषाद ... मोहितम्; 2. 18 is शोकार्तस्य प्रवृत्तो मे श्रोको भवतु नान्यथा; 40-41 'समाक्षरश्रतुरमिर्यः पादै- गीतो महर्षिया॥ सोनुव्याहरणाद्मरय: शोक: श्रोकत्वमागतः।. Thus the बालकाएड states the origin of the classical Sanskrit śloka and also contains the germs of the rasa theory. The रघुवंश (14. 70) श्रोकत्वमापद्यत यस्य शोक:) echoes the words of the बालकाण्ड and so docs ध्व. I. 5 p.31 'काव्यस्यात्मा स एवार्थस्तथा चादिकवेः पुरा। क्रौश्चद्वन्दववियोगोत्थः शोक: श्रोकत्वमागतः' and then the घ्वo (p. 32) quotes the verse 'मा निषाद०' 3. स्वस्ति पाशिनये तस्म यस्य रुद्रप्रसादतः । आरदौ व्याकरणं काव्यमनु जाम्बवतीजयः ॥ राजशेखर quoted in सूक्तिमु० p. 42. Vide कवीन्द्र० Intro. pp. 51-53 for collecting together all the verses attributed to