1. प्रथमः प्रश्नः
प्रथमः प्रश्नः
Verse १
ॐ नमः परमात्मने। हरिः ॐ॥सुकेशा च भारद्वाजः शैब्यश्च सत्यकामः सौर्यायणी च गार्ग्यः कौसल्यश्चाश्वलायनो भार्गवो वैदर्भिः कबन्धी कात्यायनस्ते हैते ब्रह्मपरा ब्रह्मनिष्ठाः परं ब्रह्मान्वेषमाणाः एष ह वै तत्सर्वं वक्ष्यतीति ते ह समित्पाणयो भगवन्तं पिप्पलादमुपसन्नाः ॥
om namaḥ paramātmane| hariḥ om ||sukeśā ca bhāradvājaḥ śaibyaśca satyakāmaḥ sauryāyaṇī ca gārgyaḥ kausalyaścāśvalāyano bhārgavo vaidarbhiḥ kabandhī kātyāyanaste haite brahmaparā brahmaniṣṭhāḥ paraṁ brahmānveṣamāṇāḥ eṣa ha vai tatsarvaṁ vakṣyatīti te ha samitpāṇayo bhagavantaṁ pippalādamupasannāḥ ||
OM! Salutation to the Supreme Spirit. The Supreme is OM. Sukesha the Bharadwaja; the Shaivya, Satyakama; Gargya, son of the Solar race; the Kosala, son of Ashwala; the Bhargava of Vidarbha; and Kabandhi Katyayana;-these sought the Most High God, believing in the Supreme and to the Supreme devoted. Therefore they came to the Lord Pippalada, for they said “This is he that shall tell us of that Universal.” सुकेशा भारद्वाजः - sukeśā bhāradvājaḥ - Sukesha the Bharadwaja | शैव्यः सत्यकामः च - śaivyaḥ satyakāmaḥ ca - the Shaivya, Satyakama | गार्ग्यः सौर्यायणी च - gārgyaḥ sauryāyaṇī ca - Gargya, son of the Solar race | आश्वलायनः कौसल्यः च - āśvalāyanaḥ kausalyaḥ ca - the Kosala, son of Ashwala | वैदर्भिः भार्गवः च - vaidarbhiḥ bhārgavaḥ ca - the Bhargava of Vidarbha | कात्यायनः कबन्धी - kātyāyanaḥ kabandhī - Kabandhi Katyayana | ते ह - te ha - these | ब्रह्मपराः - brahmaparāḥ - believing in the Supreme | ब्रह्मनिष्ठाः - brahmaniṣṭhāḥ - devoted to the Supreme | परम् ब्रह्म - param brahma - the Most High God | अन्वेषमाणाः - anveṣamāṇāḥ - seeking | ते ह - te ha - they | एषः ह वै तत् सर्वम् वक्ष्यति इति - eṣaḥ ha vai tat sarvam vakṣyati iti - “This is he that shall tell us of that Universal.” | समित्पाणयः - samitpāṇayaḥ - wood in hand | भगवन्तम् पिप्प्लादम् - bhagavantam pipplādam - to the Lord Pippalada | उपसन्नाः - upasannāḥ - came | I-1: Sukesa, son of Bharadvaja; Satyakama, so of Sibi; the grandson of Surya, born of the family of Garga; Kausalya, so of Asvala; a scion of the line of Bhrigu, born in Vidarbha; and Kabandhi, descendant of Katya - all these, who were devoted to (the inferior) Brahman, engaged in realising (the inferior) Brahman, and intent on a search of the supreme Brahman, approached with faggots in hand, the venerable Pippalada with the belief, "This one will certainly tell us all about It."
ॐ ! 'परमात्मा ' को नमन! परमात्मा (हरि) ही ॐ हैं। भरद्वाजपुत्र सुकेशा; शैव्य (शिवि पुत्र) सत्यकाम; सूर्यवंशी गार्ग्य; अश्वल पुत्र कौशलन* ; विदर्भ निवासी भार्गव; तथा कात्यायन कबन्धी, ये ब्रह्मपरायण एवं ब्रह्मनिष्ठ ऋषिगण, ब्रह्म के अनुसन्धान में लगे हुए, (हाथों में समिधा लिये हुए)*प्रभु पिप्पलाद के समीप आये और बोले, ''यही वे हैं जो हमे उस 'सर्वम्' के विषय में बतायगे।''यह श्रीअरविन्द के द्वारा किया गया अर्थ है। संस्कृत के अनुसार अर्थ होगाː'कोसल निवासी अश्वलायन'।- अनु. यह वाक्यांश मूल संस्कृत में है, श्रीअरविन्द ने अनुवाद में इसका उल्लेख नहीं किया है।- अनु.
Verse २
तान् ह स ऋषिरुवाच भूय एव तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण श्रद्धया संवत्सरं संवत्स्यथ यथाकामं प्रश्नान् पृच्छत यदि विज्ञास्यामः सर्वं ह वो वक्षाम इति ॥
tān ha sa ṛṣiruvāca bhūya eva tapasā brahmacaryeṇa śraddhayā saṁvatsaraṁ saṁvatsyatha yathākāmaṁ praśnān pṛcchata yadi vijñāsyāmaḥ sarvaṁ ha vo vakṣāma iti ||
The Rishi said to them, “Another year do ye dwell in holiness and faith and askesis; then ask what ye will, and if I know, surely I will conceal nothing.” सः ऋषिः - saḥ ṛṣiḥ - the Rishi | तान् ह - tān ha - to them | उवाच - uvāca - said | तपसा - tapasā - with askesis | ब्रह्मचर्येण - brahmacaryeṇa - with holiness | श्रद्धया - śraddhayā - with faith | भूयः एव - bhūyaḥ eva - another yet more | संवत्सरम् - saṁvatsaram - one year | संवत्स्यथ - saṁvatsyatha - do dwell here | यथाकामम् - yathākāmam - what ye will | प्रश्नान् - praśnān - questions | पृच्छत - pṛcchata - then ask | यदि - yadi - if | विज्ञास्यामः - vijñāsyāmaḥ - I know | वः - vaḥ - to you all | सर्वम् ह - sarvam ha - everything | वक्षामः - vakṣāmaḥ - I shall tell | I-2: To them the seer said, "Live (here) again for a year in a fitting manner, with control over the senses and with brahmacharya and faith. Then put questions as you please. If we know, we shall explain all your questions."
ऋषि ने उनसे कहा, ''आप लोग पुनः एक वर्ष ब्रह्मचर्य, श्रद्धा एवं तपस्यापूर्वक व्यतीत करिये फिर जो चाहें प्रश्न पूछिये, और मैं यदि उस विषय में जानता होऊँगा तो निःसंदेह बिना कुछ गुप्त रखे आप लोगों को सब बताऊँगा।''
Verse ३
अथ कबन्धी कात्यायन उपेत्य पप्रच्छ भगवन् कुतो ह वा इमाः प्रजाः प्रजायन्त इति ॥
atha kabandhī kātyāyana upetya papraccha bhagavan kuto ha vā imāḥ prajāḥ prajāyanta iti ||
Then came Kabandhi, son of Katyayana, to him and asked: “Lord, whence are all these creatures born?” अथ - atha - then | कात्यायनः कबन्धी - kātyāyanaḥ kabandhī - Kabandhi, son of Katyayana | उपेत्य - upetya - came to him | पप्रच्छ - papraccha - asked | भगवन् - bhagavan - Lord | इमाः प्रजाः - imāḥ prajāḥ - all these creatures | कुतः ह वै - kutaḥ ha vai - whence | प्रजायन्ते - prajāyante - are born | I-3: After that Kabandhi, descendant of Katya, having approached (him) asked, "Venerable sir, from what indeed are all these beings born?"
तब कत्य के पुत्र कबन्धी ने उनके पास जाकर पूछा, ''हे प्रभो! यह समस्त प्राणिजगत् (प्रजा) कहाँ से उत्पन्न होता है?''
Verse ४
तस्मै स होवाच - - - प्रजाकामो वै प्रजापतिः स तपोऽतप्यत स तपस्तप्त्वा स मिथुनमुत्पादयते।रयिं च प्राणञ्चेति एतौ मे बहुधा प्रजाः करिष्यत इति ॥
tasmai sa hovāca - - - prajākāmo vai prajāpatiḥ sa tapo'tapyata sa tapastaptvā sa mithunamutpādayate |rayiṁ ca prāṇañceti etau me bahudhā prajāḥ kariṣyata iti ||
To him answered the Rishi Pippalada: “The Eternal Father desired children, therefore he put forth his energy and by the heat of his energy produced twin creatures, Prana the Life, who is Male, and Rayi the Matter, who is Female. 'These' said he 'shall make for me children of many natures.' सः - saḥ - he, Rishi Pippalada | तस्मै - tasmai - to him | उवाच - uvāca - answered | सः प्रजापतिः - saḥ prajāpatiḥ - the Eternal Father | प्रजाकामः - prajākāmaḥ - desiring children | तपः अतप्यत - tapaḥ atapyata - put forth his energy | सः - saḥ - he | तपः तप्त्वा - tapaḥ taptvā - by the heat of his energy | प्राणम् - prāṇam - Prana the Life, who is Male | रयिम् च - rayim ca - and Rayi the Matter, who is Female | मिथुनम् - mithunam - twin creatures | उत्पादयते - utpādayate - produced | एतौ - etau - these | मे - me - for me | प्रजाः - prajāḥ - children | बहुधा - bahudhā - of many natures | करिष्यतः इति - kariṣyataḥ iti - shall make | I-4: To him he said: The Lord of all creatures became desirous of progeny. He deliberated on (past Vedic) knowledge. Having brooded on that knowledge, He created a couple - food and Prana - under the idea, "These two will produce creatures for me in multifarious ways."
ऋषि पिप्पलाद ने उससे कहा, " 'परमपिता' (प्रजापति) ने प्रजा (पुत्रों) की कामना की, अतः उन्होंने अपनी तपःशक्ति को उत्पन्न किया तथा अपनी तपःशक्ति की ऊर्जा से मिथुन (प्राणियों के जोड़े) उत्पन्न किये 'प्राण' अर्थात् 'जीवन', जो कि 'पुंसात्त्व' है तथा 'रयि' अर्थात् 'जड़तत्त्व', जो कि 'स्त्रीतत्त्व' है, और उन्होंने कहा-'ये मेरे लिए बहुविध प्रजा की सृष्टि करेंगे।'
Verse ५
आदित्यो ह वै प्राणो रयिरेव चन्द्रमाः रयिर्वा एतत् सर्वं यन्मूर्तं चामूर्तं च तस्मान्मूर्तिरेव रयिः ॥
ādityo ha vai prāṇo rayireva candramāḥ rayirvā etat sarvaṁ yanmūrtaṁ cāmūrtaṁ ca tasmānmūrtireva rayiḥ ||
“The Sun verily is Life and the Moon is no more than Matter; yet truly all this Universe formed and formless is Matter; therefore Form and Matter are One. आदित्यः - ādityaḥ - the Sun | ह वै प्राणः - ha vai prāṇaḥ - verily is Life | चन्द्रमा एव - candramā eva - the Moon | रयिः वा - rayiḥ vā - is no more than Matter | यत् मूर्त्तम् - yat mūrttam - formed | यत् च अमूर्त्तम् - yat ca amūrttam - formless | एतत् सर्वम् वै - etat sarvam vai - truly all this Universe | रयिः - rayiḥ - is Matter | तस्मात् - tasmāt - therefore | मूर्तिः एव रयिः - mūrtiḥ eva rayiḥ - Form and Matter are One | I-5: The sun is verily Prana; and food is verily the moon. Whatever is gross or subtle is but food. The gross, as distinguished from that (subtle), is certainly food (of the subtle).
''आदित्य (सूर्य) ही 'प्राण' है तथा चन्द्रमा 'रयि' (जड़तत्त्व) से अधिक और कुछ नहीं है; तथापि वस्तुतः यह समस्त मूर्त एवं अमूर्त विश्व 'जड़तत्त्व' ही है अतः 'मूर्त' एवं 'रयि' (जड़तत्त्व) 'एक' ही हैं।
Verse ६
अथादित्य उदयन् यत् प्राचीं दिशं प्रविशति तेन प्राच्यान् प्राणान् रश्मिषु सन्निधत्ते।यद्दक्षिणां यत् प्रतीचीं यदुदीचीं यदधो यदूर्ध्वं यदन्तरा दिशो यत्सर्वं प्रकाशयति तेन सर्वान् प्राणान् रश्मिषु सन्निधत्ते ॥
athāditya udayan yat prācīṁ diśaṁ praviśati tena prācyān prāṇān raśmiṣu sannidhatte |yaddakṣiṇāṁ yat pratīcīṁ yadudīcīṁ yadadho yadūrdhvaṁ yadantarā diśo yatsarvaṁ prakāśayati tena sarvān prāṇān raśmiṣu sannidhatte ||
“Now when the Sun rising entereth the East, then absorbeth he the eastern breaths into his rays. But when he illumineth the south and west and north, and below and above and all the angles of space, yea, all that is, then he taketh all the breaths into his rays. अथ - atha - now | आदित्यः - ādityaḥ - the Sun | उदयन् - udayan - rising | यत् प्राचीम् दिशम् - yat prācīm diśam - the East | प्रविशति - praviśati - entereth | तेन - tena - then | प्राच्यान् प्राणान् - prācyān prāṇān - the eastern breaths | रश्मिषु - raśmiṣu - into his rays | सन्निधत्ते - sannidhatte - absorbeth | यत् दक्षिणाम् - yat dakṣiṇām - the south | यत् प्रतीचीम् - yat pratīcīm - the west | यत् उदीचीम् - yat udīcīm - the north | यत् अधः - yat adhaḥ - below | यत् ऊर्ध्वम् - yat ūrdhvam - above | यत् अन्तरा दिशः - yat antarā diśaḥ - all the angles of space | यत् सर्वम् - yat sarvam - all that is | प्रकाशयति - prakāśayati - he illumineth | तेन - tena - then | सर्वान् प्राणान् - sarvān prāṇān - all the breaths | रश्मिषु - raśmiṣu - into his rays | सन्निधत्ते - sannidhatte - he taketh | I-6: Now then, the fact that the sun, while rising, enters into the eastern direction, thereby it absorbs into its rays all the creatures in the east. That it enters into the south, that it enters into the west, that it enters into the north, that it reaches the nadir and the zenith, that it enters the intermediate points of the zodiac, that it illumines all, thereby it absorbs all living things into its rays.
''अथ, जब उदीयमान सूर्य पूर्व (प्राची) में प्रवेश करता है, तब प्राची की प्राणावायु (प्राच्यप्राणों) को अपनी रश्मियों में भर लेता है। किन्तु जब वह दक्षिण दिशा, पश्चिम दिशा (प्रतीचि) और उत्तर दिशा (उदीचि), अधः तथा ऊर्ध्व दिशाओं को तथा अन्तरिक्ष के समस्त कोणों को, वस्तुतः जो कुछ भी है उसे प्रकाशित करता है, तब वह समस्त प्राणों को अपनी रश्मियों में धारण कर लेता है।
Verse ७
स एष वैश्वानरो विश्वरुपः प्राणोऽग्निरुदयते।तदेतद् ऋचाऽभ्युक्तम् ॥
sa eṣa vaiśvānaro viśvarupaḥ prāṇo'gnirudayate |tadetad ṛcā'bhyuktam ||
“Therefore is this fire that riseth, this Universal Male, of whom all things are the bodies, Prana the breath of existence. This is that which was said in the Rigveda. सः एषः अग्निः - saḥ eṣaḥ agniḥ - this fire | विश्वरूपः - viśvarūpaḥ - this Universal Male | वैश्वानरः - vaiśvānaraḥ - of whom all things are the bodies | प्राणः - prāṇaḥ - Prana the breath of existence | उदयते - udayate - riseth | तत् एतत् - tat etat - this is that | ऋचा - ṛcā - in the Rigveda | अभ्युक्तम् - abhyuktam - was said | I-7: That very one rises up who is Prana and fire, who is identified with all creatures, and who is possessed of all forms. This very one, that has been referred to, is spoken of by the mantra:
''अतः यह जो अग्नि उदित होता है, यह 'वैश्वानर', सम्पूर्ण विश्व के पदार्थ जिसके मूर्तरूप हैं, यही है जीवन का 'प्राण'। यही वह सत्य है जो ऋग्वेद में भी कहा गया था।
Verse ८
विश्वरूपं हरिणं जातवेदसं परायणं ज्योतिरेकं तपन्तम्।सहस्ररश्मिः शतधा वर्तमानः प्राणः प्रजानामुदयत्येष सूर्यः ॥
viśvarūpaṁ hariṇaṁ jātavedasaṁ parāyaṇaṁ jyotirekaṁ tapantam |sahasraraśmiḥ śatadhā vartamānaḥ prāṇaḥ prajānāmudayatyeṣa sūryaḥ ||
“'Fire is this burning and radiant Sun, he is the One lustre and all-knowing Light, he is the highest heaven of spirits. With a thousand rays he burneth and existeth in a hundred existences; lo this Sun that riseth, he is the Life of all his creatures.' विश्वरूपम् - viśvarūpam - variegated | हरिणम् - hariṇam - Light | जातवेदसम् - jātavedasam - all-knowing | परायणम् - parāyaṇam - the one who is the highest heaven of spirits | एकम् ज्योतिः - ekam jyotiḥ - the One lustre | तपन्तम् - tapantam - burning and radiant | सहस्ररश्मिः - sahasraraśmiḥ - with a thousand rays | शतधा वर्त्तमानः - śatadhā varttamānaḥ - the one who burneth and existeth in a hundred existences | प्रजानाम् प्राणः - prajānām prāṇaḥ - the one who is the Life of all his creatures | एषः सूर्यः - eṣaḥ sūryaḥ - this Sun | उदयति - udayati - riseth | I-8: (The realisers of Brahman) knew the one that is possessed of all forms, full of rays, endowed with illumination, the resort of all, the single light (of all), and the radiator of heat. It is the sun that rises - the sun that possesses a thousand rays, exists in a hundred forms and is the life of all creatures.
''अग्नि है यह तप्त एवं देदीप्यमान् 'सूर्य', यह है 'एकमेव' ज्योति तथा सर्वज्ञ 'प्रकाश', यह आत्मचैतन्य का उच्चतम व्योम है। यह सहस्र रश्मियों से जगमगाता है तथा शतविध अस्तित्वों में विद्यमान होता है; अहो, यह 'सूर्य' जो उदित हो रहा है, यह अपनी समस्त प्रज्जाओं का 'प्राण' है।
Verse ९
संवत्सरो वै प्रजापतिः स्तस्यायने दक्षिणञ्चोत्तरं च।तद्ये ह वै तदिष्टापूर्ते कृतमित्युपासते ते चान्द्रमसमेव लोकमभिजयन्ते त एव पुनरावर्तन्ते।तस्मादेत ऋषयः प्रजाकामा दक्षिणं प्रतिपद्यन्ते। एष ह वै रयिर्यः पितृयाणः ॥
saṁvatsaro vai prajāpatiḥ stasyāyane dakṣiṇañcottaraṁ ca |tadye ha vai tadiṣṭāpūrte kṛtamityupāsate te cāndramasameva lokamabhijayante ta eva punarāvartante| tasmādeta ṛṣayaḥ prajākāmā dakṣiṇaṁ pratipadyante |eṣa ha vai rayiryaḥ pitṛyāṇaḥ ||
“The year also is that Eternal Father and of the year there are two paths, the northern solstice and the southern. Now they who worship God with the well dug and the oblation offered, deeming these to be righteousness, conquer their heavens of the Moon; these return again to the world of birth. Therefore do the souls of sages who have not yet put from them the desire of offspring, take the way of the southern solstice which is the road of the Fathers. And this also is Matter, the Female. संवत्सरः वै - saṁvatsaraḥ vai - the year also is | प्रजापतिः - prajāpatiḥ - that Eternal Father | तस्य - tasya - of that (the year) | दक्षिणम् च - dakṣiṇam ca - the southern | उत्तरम् च - uttaram ca - and the northern solstice | अयने - ayane - there are two paths | तत् ये ह वै - tat ye ha vai - now they who | तदिष्टापूर्त्ते कृतम् इति - tadiṣṭāpūrtte kṛtam iti - with the well dug and the oblation offered, deeming these to be righteousness | उपास्ते - upāste - worship God | ते - te - they | चान्द्रमसम् लोकम् - cāndramasam lokam - their heavens of the Moon | अभिजयन्ते - abhijayante - conquer | ते एव - te eva - these | पुनरावर्त्तन्ते - punarāvarttante - return again to the world of birth | तस्मात् - tasmāt - therefore, take the way of the southern solstice which is the road of the Fathers. And this also is Matter, the Female | एते प्रजाकामाः ऋषयः - ete prajākāmāḥ ṛṣayaḥ - do the souls of sages who have not yet put from them the desire of offspring | दक्षिणम् - dakṣiṇam - the southern solstice | प्रतिपद्यन्ते - pratipadyante - take the way of | यः - yaḥ - this indeed | पितृयाणः - pitṛyāṇaḥ - is the road of the Fathers | एषः ह वै रयिः - eṣaḥ ha vai rayiḥ - this also is Matter, the Female | I-9: The year is verily the Lord of creatures. Of Him there are two Courses, the Southern and the Northern. As to that, those, who follow, in that way, the sacrifices and public good etc., that are products of action, conquer the very world of the moon. It is they who come back. (Since this is so), hence these seers of heaven, who are desirous of progeny, attain the Southern Course. That which is the Course of the Manes is verily food.
''संवत्सर (वर्ष) भी वह 'परमपिता' (प्रजापति) है तथा संवत्सर के दो अयन अर्थात् दो मार्ग हैं- उत्तरायण एवं दक्षिणायन। और, जो लोग कूपादि खनन तथा यज्ञों में हवि की आहुति देकर 'ईश्वर' की उपासना करते हैं, और इसी सब को सत्कर्म मानते हैं, वे चान्द्रमस स्वर्ग-लोकों को ही विजित करते हैं; ये ही लोग जन्म के लोक में पुनः लौटकर आते हैं। इसी कारण वे ऋषिगण जिन्होंने पुत्रप्राप्ति की कामनाओं का त्याग नहीं किया है, वे दक्षिणायन मार्ग का अनुसरण करते हैं जो कि पितृयाण (पितरों का मार्ग) है। तथा यह भी 'रयि' (जड़तत्त्व) 'नारीतत्त्व' है।
Verse १०
अथोत्तरेण तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण श्रद्धया विद्ययात्मानमन्विष्यादित्यमभिजयन्ते।एतद्वै प्राणानामायतनमेतदमृतमभयमेतत् परायणमेतस्मान्न पुनरावर्तन्त इत्येष निरोधः। तदेष श्लोकः ॥
athottareṇa tapasā brahmacaryeṇa śraddhayā vidyayātmānamanviṣyādityamabhijayante |etadvai prāṇānāmāyatanametadamṛtamabhayametat parāyaṇametasmānna punarāvartanta ityeṣa nirodhaḥ| tadeṣa ślokaḥ ||
“But by the way of the northern solstice go the souls that have sought the Spirit through holiness and knowledge and faith and askesis; for they conquer their heavens of the Sun. There is the resting place of the breaths, there immortality casteth out fear, there is the highest heaven of spirits; thence no soul returneth; therefore is the wall and barrier.Whereof this is the Scripture. अथ - atha - but | तपसा - tapasā - through askesis | ब्रह्मचर्येण - brahmacaryeṇa - through holiness | श्रद्धया - śraddhayā - through knowledge | विद्यया - vidyayā - through faith | आत्मानम् - ātmānam - having sought | अन्विष्य - anviṣya - the Spirit | उत्तरेण - uttareṇa - by the way of the northern solstice | आदित्यम् - ādityam - heavens of the Sun | अभिजयन्ते - abhijayante - they conquer | एतत् वै - etat vai - this indeed | प्राणानाम् आयतनम् - prāṇānām āyatanam - is the resting place of the breaths | एतत् अमृतम् अभयम् - etat amṛtam abhayam - this the immortality that casteth out fear | एतत् परायणम् - etat parāyaṇam - this is the highest heaven of spirits | एतस्मात् - etasmāt - thence | पुनः - further - | न आवर्तन्ते - na āvartante - no soul returneth | इति एषः निरोधः - iti eṣaḥ nirodhaḥ - therefore is the wall and barrier | तत् एषः श्लोकः - tat eṣaḥ ślokaḥ - whereof this is the Scripture | I-10: Again, by searching for the Self through the control of the senses, brahmacharya, faith and meditation, they conquer the sun (by proceeding) along the Northern Course. This is the resort of all that lives; this is indestructible; this is fearless; this is the highest goal, for from this they do not come back. This is un-realisable (to the ignorant). Pertaining to this here is a verse:
''किन्तु उत्तरायण मार्ग का अनुसरण करते हैं वे महात्माजन जिन्होंने 'आत्मा' का ब्रह्मचर्य, विद्या, श्रद्धा एवं तपस्या के द्वारा अन्वेषण कर लिया है; क्योंकि वे 'सूर्यलोक' के अपने स्वर्ग को जीत लेते हैं। वहीं है 'प्राणों' का आयतन (विश्राम स्थल), वहाँ अमृतत्व अभय प्रदान करता है, वहाँ जीवात्माओं का सर्वोच्च द्युलोक है; वहीं से कोई लौटता नहीं हैं; अतएव यह निरोध तथा यह अवरोध है। जिसके सम्बन्ध में यह श्लोक (श्रुतिवचन) है।
Verse ११
पञ्चपादं पितरं द्वादशाकृतिं दिव आहुः परे अर्धे पुरीषिणम्।अथेमे अन्य उ परे विचक्षणं सप्तचक्रे षडर आहुरर्पितमिति ॥
pañcapādaṁ pitaraṁ dvādaśākṛtiṁ diva āhuḥ pare ardhe purīṣiṇam |atheme anya u pare vicakṣaṇaṁ saptacakre ṣaḍara āhurarpitamiti ||
“'Five-portioned, some say, is the Father and hath twelve figures and he floweth in the upper hemisphere beyond the heavens; but others speak of him as the Wisdom who standeth in a chariot of six spokes and seven wheels.' पञ्चपादम् - pañcapādam - five-portioned | द्वादशाकृतिम् - dvādaśākṛtim - that has twelve figures | पितरम् - pitaram - the Father | दिवः परे अर्धे - divaḥ pare ardhe - in the upper hemisphere beyond the heavens | पुरीषिणम् - purīṣiṇam - that which inhabits | आहुः - āhuḥ - some say | अथ - atha - but | परे अन्ये इमे - pare anye ime - others | विचक्षणम् - vicakṣaṇam - as the Wisdom | सप्तचक्रे षडरे - saptacakre ṣaḍare - in a chariot of six spokes and seven wheels | अर्पितम् - arpitam - who standeth | आहुः - āhuḥ - speak | I-11: Some talk of (this sun) as possessed of five feet, as the father, as constituted by twelve limbs, and as full of water in the high place above the sky. But there are these others who call him the omniscient and say that on him, as possessed of seven wheels and six spokes, is fixed (the whole universe).
'''कुछ लोग इसे पञ्चपाद अर्थात् पाँच अगोंवाला 'पिता' कहते हैं, तथा उसकी बारह आकृतियां हैं एवं वह द्यु-लोकों के परे, परार्ध में प्रवाहित होता है; किन्तु अन्य उसे 'विचक्षण' (विद्वान्) कहते हैं जो छः अरों एवं सात चक्रों वाले रथ में विराजमान है।'
Verse १२
मासो वै प्रजापतिस्तस्य कृष्णपक्श एव रयिः शुक्लः प्रणस्तस्मादेत ऋषयः शुक्ल इष्टं कुर्वन्तीतर इतरस्मिन् ॥
māso vai prajāpatistasya kṛṣṇapakśa eva rayiḥ śuklaḥ praṇastasmādeta ṛṣayaḥ śukla iṣṭaṁ kurvantītara itarasmin ||
“The month also is that Eternal Father, whereof the dark fortnight is Matter the Female and the bright fortnight is Life the Male. Therefore do one manner of sages offer sacrifice in the bright fortnight and another in the dark. मासः वै - māsaḥ vai - the month also | प्रजापतिः - prajāpatiḥ - is that Eternal Father | तस्य - tasya - of that | कॄष्णपक्षः एव - kṝṣṇapakṣaḥ eva - the dark fortnight | रयिः - rayiḥ - is Matter the Female | शुक्लः - śuklaḥ - the bright fortnight | प्राणः - prāṇaḥ - is Life the Male | तस्मात् - tasmāt - therefore offer sacrifice and another in the dark | एते ऋषयः - ete ṛṣayaḥ - do one manner of sages | शुक्ले - śukle - in the bright fortnight | इष्टम् कुर्वन्ति - iṣṭam kurvanti - offer sacrifice | इतरे - itare - another | इतरस्मिन् - itarasmin - in the other (dark fortnight) | I-12: The month verily is the Lord of all creatures. The dark fortnight is His food, and the bright His Prana. Therefore these seers perform the sacrifices in the bright fortnight. The others perform it in the other.
''मास भी वही 'प्रजापति' है, जिसका कृष्णपक्ष 'रयि' (जड़तत्त्व) 'स्त्रीतत्त्व' है तथा शुक्लपक्ष 'प्राण' पुंस्तत्त्व है। इसीलिए एक प्रकार के ऋषिगण शुक्लपक्ष में हवि अर्पण करते हैं तथा अन्य कृष्णपक्ष में।
Verse १३
अहोरात्रो वै प्रजापतिस्तस्याहरेव प्राणो रात्रिरेव रयिः।प्राणं वा एते प्रस्कन्दन्ति ये दिवा रत्या संयुज्यन्ते ब्रह्मचर्यमेव तद्यद्रात्रौ रत्या संयुज्यन्ते ॥
ahorātro vai prajāpatistasyāhareva prāṇo rātrireva rayiḥ|prāṇaṁ vā ete praskandanti ye divā ratyā saṁyujyante brahmacaryameva tadyadrātrau ratyā saṁyujyante ||
“Day and night also are the Eternal Father, whereof the day is Life and the night is Matter. Therefore do they offend against their own life who take joy with woman by day; by night who take joy, enact holiness. अहोरात्रः वै - ahorātraḥ vai - day and night also | प्रजापतिः - prajāpatiḥ - the Eternal Father | तस्य - tasya - where of | अहः एव - ahaḥ eva - the day | प्राणः - prāṇaḥ - is Life | रात्रिः एव - rātriḥ eva - the night | रयिः - rayiḥ - is Matter | दिवा - divā - by day | रत्या - ratyā - with woman | ये संयुज्यन्ते - ye saṁyujyante - who take joy | प्राणम् वै - prāṇam vai - their own life | एते प्रस्कन्दन्ति - ete praskandanti - therefore do they offend against | रात्रौ - rātrau - by night | रत्या - ratyā - with woman | यत् सयंयन्ते - yat sayaṁyante - who take joy | तत् ब्रह्मचर्यम् एव - tat brahmacaryam eva - enact holiness | I-13: Day and night are verily the Lord of all creatures. Day is surely His Prana and night is certainly the food. Those who indulge in passion in the day, waste away Prana. That they give play to passion at night is as good as celibacy.
''अहोरात्र (दिन तथा रात्रि) भी प्रजापति हैं, जिनमें से दिन 'प्राण' है तथा रात्रि 'रयि' (जड़तत्त्व) है। अतएव जो दिन में स्त्री-रति में सुख लेते हैं वे स्वयं ही अपने प्राणों (जीवन) को नष्ट कर देते हैं; जो रात्रि में स्त्री-रति में सुख लेते हैं वे ब्रह्मचर्य का ही पालन करते हैं।
Verse १४
अन्नं वै प्रजापतिस्ततो ह वै तद्रेतस्तस्मादिमाः प्रजाः प्रजायन्त इति ॥
annaṁ vai prajāpatistato ha vai tadretastasmādimāḥ prajāḥ prajāyanta iti ||
“Food is the Eternal Father; for of this came the seed and of the seed is the world of creatures born . अन्नम् वै - annam vai - food is | प्रजापतिः - prajāpatiḥ - the Eternal Father | ततः - tataḥ - from this | तत् रेतः - tat retaḥ - came the seed | तस्मात् - tasmāt - from the seed | इमाः प्रजाः - imāḥ prajāḥ - the world of creatures | प्रजायन्ते - prajāyante - is born | I-14: Food is nothing but the Lord of all creatures. From that indeed issues that human seed. From that are born all these beings.
"अत्र ही प्रजापति है; उसी से वह बीज (रेतस्) उत्पन्न हुआ तथा उस बीज सें यह समस्त प्राणिजगत् (प्रजा) उत्पन्न हुआ।
Verse १५
तद्ये ह वै तत्प्रजापतिव्रतं चरन्ति ते मिथुनमुत्पादयन्ते।तेषामेवैष ब्रह्मलोको येषां तपो ब्रह्मचर्यं येषु सत्यं प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥
tadye ha vai tatprajāpativrataṁ caranti te mithunamutpādayante |teṣāmevaiṣa brahmaloko yeṣāṁ tapo brahmacaryaṁ yeṣu satyaṁ pratiṣṭhitam ||
“They therefore who perform the vow of the Eternal Father produce the twin creature. But theirs is the heaven of the spirit in whom are established askesis and holiness and in whom Truth has her dwelling. तत् ये - tat ye - therefore they who | तत् प्रजापतिव्रतम् - tat prajāpativratam - the vow of the Eternal Father | चरन्ति - caranti - perform | ते - te - they | मिथुनम् - mithunam - the twin creature | उत्पादयन्ते - utpādayante - produce | येषाम् - yeṣām - in whom | तपः - tapaḥ - askesis | ब्रह्मचर्यम् - brahmacaryam - holiness | येषु - yeṣu - in whom | सत्यम् प्रतिष्ठितम् - satyam pratiṣṭhitam - Truth has her dwelling | तेषाम् एव - teṣām eva - theirs | एषः ब्रह्मलोकः - eṣaḥ brahmalokaḥ - is the heaven of the spirit and | I-15: This being so, those who undertake the well-known vow of the Lord of all creatures, beget both sons and daughters. For them alone is this world of the moon in whom there are the vows and continence, and in whom is found for ever avoidance of falsehood.
''अतएव जो प्रजापतिव्रत का पालन करते हैं वे प्राणियों के मिथुन (जोड़े) उत्पन्न करते हैं। किन्तु ब्रह्मलोक उनका है जिनमें तप तथा ब्रह्मचर्य प्रतिष्ठित हैं, जिनके अन्तर् में सत्य का निवास है।
Verse १६
तेषामसौ विरजो ब्रह्मलोको न येषु जिह्ममनृतं न माया चेति ॥
teṣāmasau virajo brahmaloko na yeṣu jihmamanṛtaṁ na māyā ceti ||
“Theirs is the heaven of the Spirit, the world all spotless, in whom there is neither crookedness nor lying nor any illusion.” येषु - yeṣu - in whom | न जिह्मम् - na jihmam - nor crookedness | न अनृतम् - na anṛtam - nor lying | न माया च - na māyā ca - and nor any illusion | तेषाम् - teṣām - theirs | असौ विरजः - asau virajaḥ - the world all spotless | ब्रह्मलोकः इति - brahmalokaḥ iti - is the heaven of the Spirit | I-16: For them is that taintless world of Brahman, in whom there is no crookedness no falsehood, and no dissimulation.
'उन्हीं का है यह निर्मल ब्रह्मलोक जिनमें न कुटिलता है, न मिथ्यात्व (अनृतम्) है, न कोई भान्ति है।''