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b="76.4,459.4,101.7,459.2,101.2,474.8,101.2,474.7" i="#395">पित्तं कफश्चेति त्रयो दोषा: समासतः ॥ विकृताsविकृता देहं घ्नन्ति ते वर्त्तयन्ति च। vāyu: pittam kaphaśceti trayo doșā: samāsata: || vikņtā'vikņtā deham ghnanti te varttayanti ca | Vayu - Vata, Pitta and kapha are the three Doshas of the body. Perfect balance of three Doshas leads to health, imbalance in Tridosha leads to diseases. 6.5-7.5 How Thridosha are spread in body and in a day? ते व्यापिनोऽपि हन्नाभ्योरधोमध्योर्ध्व संश्रयाः ॥ वयोsहोरात्रिभुक्तानां तेडन्तमध्यादिगा: क्रमात्। te vyāpino'pi hṛnnābhyoradhomadhyordhva sam̧śrayā: ǁ vayo'horātribhuktānām te'ntamadhyādigā: kramāt | The Tridosha are present all over the body, but their presence is especially seen in particular parts. If you divide the body into three parts, the top part upto chest is dominated by Kapha Dosha, between chest and umbilicus is dominated by Pitta, below umbilicus part is dominated by Vata. Page No. 3 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="193.0,647.3,224.9,647.3,224.9,661.9,224.9,661.5" i="#823">nindyā dvidoșajā || Like the poison is natural and inherent to poisonous insects, similarly, the Prakruti (body type) is inherent to humans. The body type is decided during conception, based on qualities of sperm and ovum. Vata prakruti - Vata body type is considered as low quality Pitta Prakruti - Pitta body type is considered as moderate quality Kapha Prakruti - Kapha body type is considered good quality. Page No. 4 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#1245">- Semen / Ovum or entire male and female genital tract and its secretions are grossly covered under this heading. Mala - waste products Shakrut / Pureesha - (faeces), Sweda (sweat) and Mootra (urine) are the three waste products of the body. 13.5 Nature of increase and decrease वृद्धि: समानै: सर्वेषां विपरीतैः विपर्ययः । vrddhi: samānai: sarveşām viparītai: viparyaya: | Equal qualities lead to increase, and opposing qualities lead to decrease. For example, dryness is the quality of Vata. If a Vata body type person exposes himself to dry cold weather, his dryness and in turn Vata will increase, leading to dry skin. In the same way, oiliness is opposite quality of dryness. If he applies oil to the skin, then the dryness and related Vata is decreased. 13.5 Six tastes रसा: स्वाद्वम्ललवणतिक्तोषणकषायका:षड द्रव्यमाश्रितास्ते च यथापूर्व बलावहा: Svadu - Madhura - sweet, Amla - Sour, Lavana - Salt, Tikta - Bitter, Ushna - Katu - Pungent, Kashaya - Astringent are the six types of Rasa. They are successively lower in energy. That means, Sweet taste imparts maximum energy to body and the astringent, the least. 14. Effeet of tastes on Tridosha तत्राद्या मारुतं घ्नन्ति तरयः तिक्तादय: कफम् । कषाय तिक्त मधुरा: पित्तमन्ये तु कुर्वते ॥ tatrādyā mārutam ghnanti traya: tīktādaya: kapham | kaşāya tikta madhurā: pittamanye tu kurvate || In the list of tastes, the first three, i.e. Sweet, sour and salt mitigates Vata and increases Kapha. The last three, i.e. bitter, pungent and astringent tastes mitigates Kapha and increases Vata Astringent, bitter and sweet taste mitigates Pitta. Sour, salt and pungent tastes increase Pitta. Page No. 6 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#1673">18. - Twenty types of qualities गुरु मन्द हिम स्निग्ध श्लक्ष्ण सान्द्र मृदु स्थिराः । गुणाः ससूक्ष्म विशदाः विंशति: स विपर्यया: ॥ guru manda hima snigdha ślakșņa sāndra mṛdu sthirā: | guņā: sasūkșma višadā: vimšati: sa viparyayā: || Guru(heavy) X laghu (light in weight) Manda(slow) X tiksna(quick,fast) Hima (cold) X ushna (hot) Snighda (unctuous) X ruksa (dry) Slaksna (smooth) X khara (rough) Sandra (solid) X drava (liquid) Mrdu (soft) X kathina (hard) Sthira (stable) X cala (moving, unstable) Suksma (stable, small) X sthula (big,gross) Vishada (non slimy) X picchila (slimy) 19. Cause for health and disease: कालार्थकर्मणां योगो हीनमिथ्यातिमात्रकः । सम्यग्योगश्च विज्ञेयो रोगारोग्यैक कारणम्॥ kālārthakarmaņām̧ yogo hīnamithyātimātraka: | samyagyogaśca vijñeyo rogārogyaika kāraņam | Less, more or wrong unison of time, senses and functions is the reason for disease and the right unison of these three factors is the reason for health. (Explained detail in further chapters). Page No. 7 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="452.0,693.6,508,693.5,507.0,707.6,507.0,707.5" i="#2094">vegetation, very less of sunlight and heat. Sadharana which has all Tridosha in balance - moderate type with few mountains , hills, moderate water, vegetation and sunlight. Page No. 8 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="217.5,710.8,225.8,710.8,225.6,725.3,225.6,725.2" i="#2503">of two types - Easy to cure (Sukha Sadhya), Difficult to cure (Krichra Sadhya) Page No. 10 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="457.4,714.0,467.1,714.0,466.6,727.5,466.6,727.5" i="#2932">of fear, who is ungrateful and who thinks himself to be a physician (in respect of deciding drug, therapies, food, activities etc). Page No. 11 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="67.4,450.5,182.8,450.9,182.5,464.6,182.5,464.0" i="#3339">Vidradhi-Vrddhi-Gulma nidanam (diagnosis of abscess, enlargement of the scrotum and abdominal tumour). 12. Udara nidanam (diagnosis of enlargement of the abdomen). 13. Panduroga-sopha-visarpa nidanam (diagnosis of anaemia, dropsy and herpes). 14. Kustha-svitra-krimi nidanam (diagnosis of leprosy, leucoderma and parasites). 15. Vata vyadhi nidanam (diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system). 16. Vatasonita nidanam (diagnosis of gout). IV. CIKITSITA STHANA (THERAPEUTICS): चिकित्सितं ज्वरे रक्ते श्वासे कासे च यक्ष्मणिवामौ मदात्यये अर्शःसु. विशि द्वौ,द्वौ च मूत्रितेविद्रधौ गुल्मजठरपाण्डुशोफविसर्पिषुकुष्ठश्वित्रानिलव्याधिवातास्रेषु चिकित्सितम्द्वाविशतिरिमे अध्याया: 1. Jvara cikitsita (treatment of fevers). 2. Raktapitta cikitsita (treatment of bleeding disease).3. Kasa cikitsita (treatment of cough). 4. Svasa-Hidhma cikitsita (treatment of dyspnoea and hiccup). 5. Rajayaksmadi cikitsita (treatment of pul, tuberculosis, etc.). 6. Chardi-Hrdroga-Trsna cikitsita (treatment of vomiting, heart disease and thirst). 7. Madatyaya cikitsita (treatment of alcoholic intoxication), Page No. 13 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#3749">Sandhisitasita roga pratisedha (treatment of discases of fornices, sclera and cornea). Page No. 14 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47,464,493,464,493,479,493,479" num="17">Keeping in view, the condition of his body, the individual should pass urine and faeces, clean teeth with any of the twigs of following herbs - Arka (Calotropis procera), Vata (Ficus benghalensis), Khadira (Acacia catechu), Karanja (Pongamia pinnata), Kakubha (Terminalia arjuna). To use the twig as tooth brush, the thickness of the twig should be approximately equal to the tip of one's little finger. It should be 12 Angula length. The tip of the twig should be chewed a little to make it as brush. The twig should be of astringent, pungent and bitter in taste. 4. Danta Dhawana Nishedha - Who should not brush teeth - नाध्याद जीर्णवमथुश्वासकासज्वरार्दिती तृष्णास्यपाकहन्नेत्रशिर: कर्णमयी च तत् The following individuals should not do teeth brushing. - people suffering from indigestion, vomiting, dyspnoea, cough, fever, facial paralysis, excessive thirst, ulceration of mouth, heart disease, diseases of eyes, head and cars. Page No. 16 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47.9,680.0,85.2,679.9,84.8,693.5,84.8,693.3" i="#4588">induces good sleep and improves skin tone and complexion. Massage should be specially done on ears, head and legs. Massage should be avoided when there is increase of Kapha in the body, soon after Shodhana (Panchakarma procedure) and during indigestion. Page No. 17 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="135.1,153.1,181.2,153.0,180.9,167.6,180.9,167.5" i="#5009">digestion, acts as aphrodisiac, prolongs life, increases enthusiasm and strength. It helps to get rid of dirt, waste products, sweat, tiredness, excessive thirst, burning sensation and microbes. उष्णाम्बुना अधकायस्य परिषेको बलावह: तेनैव तूत्तमाङ्गस्य बलहत्केशचक्षुषाम् Pouring warm water over the body bestows strength, but the same over the head, makes for loss of strength of the hair and eyes. स्नानमर्दितनेत्रास्य कर्णरोगातिसारिषु आध्मानपीनसाजीर्णभुक्तवत्सु च गार्हितम् Bath is contra- indicated for those suffering from facial paralysis, diseases of the eyes, mouth and ears, diarrhoea, flatulence, rhinitis, indigestion and who have just taken food. 19. Sad Vritta - Good/healthy conduct: जीर्णे हितं मितं चाद्यात् न वेगानीरयेत् बलात् । न वेगितो अन्यकार्य: स्यात् न अजित्वा साध्यं 3TA Il jīrņe hitam mitam cādyāt na vegānīrayet balāt | na vegito anyakārya: syāt na ajitvā sādhyam amayam || Jeerne hitam mitam chaadyat - One should always eat, only after digestion of previous food, in limited quantity. Na vegan neerayet - one should not induce natural urges forcefully. Example: urinating, when there is no urge to pass urine. Na Vegito anya kaaryaha - one should immediately attend to natural urges, whenever they come, without being busy in other activities. One should undergo treatment to diseases as soon as possible. 20-21 Words of wisdom: Path of righteousness: सुखार्था: सर्वभूतानां मता: सर्वा: प्रवृत्तयः । सुखं च न विना धर्मात् तस्मात् धर्मपरो भवेत्॥ sukhārthā: sarvabhūtānām matā: sarvā: pravrttaya: | sukham ca na vinā dharmāt tasmāt dharmaparo bhavet || All the creatures are behind happiness. There is no happiness, without righteousness. Hence all should follow the path of righteousness. Page No. 19 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="230.6,436.9,238.8,436.9,238.3,451.4,238.3,451.4" i="#5432">to body, next four- related to speech and last three - related with mind. 22-47 अवृत्तिव्याधिशोकार्ताननुवर्तेत शक्तितः Those who have no means of livelihood, who are suffering from diseases and who are afflicted with grief should be helped. आत्मवत्सततं पश्येदपि कीटपिपीलिकम् अर्चयेद्देवगोविप्रवृद्धवैध्यनृपातिथीन् Even the insects and ants should be seen with respeet, similar to a physician, king and guests. विमुखान्नार्थिन: कुर्यान्नावमन्येत नाक्षिपेत् Beggars should not be disappointed, abused or objected. उपकारप्रधान: स्यादपकारपरे अप्यरौ सम्पद्विपत्स्वेकमना,हेतावीर्ष्येत्फले न तु One should be very helpful even to his foes, even though they are not helpful. Sampat Vipatsu Eka manaaha: One should maintain a balanced mind both during calamity and One should not be envious towards wealth and happiness of others. prosperity. Page No. 20 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="106.3,145.3,120.6,145.4,120.6,160.1,120.6,160.1" i="#5850">cut his hair, nails, and moustaches regularly. Keep feet, ears, nose, eyes, urethra and anus clean Take bath daily, put on scents and good dress which is not superfluous but is pleasant to look at. धारयेत्सततं रत्नसिद्धमन्त्रमहौषधी: सातपत्रपदत्राणो विचरेध्युगमात्रद्क् निशि चात्ययिके कार्य दण्डी मौली सहायवान् Wear precious stones, potent hymns and herbs (kept inside amulets) on the body. Walk holding an umbrella, putting on foot wear and looking straight to a distance of four arms length in front of you. In case of urgent work at nights, one should go equipped with a baton, head- dress and an assistant. चैत्यपूजध्वजाशस्तच्छायाभस्मतुषाशुचीन् नाक्रामेच्छर्करालोष्टबलिस्नानभुवो न च One should not invade on the shade of a holy tree on which deities reside (or a Buddhist shrine), materials (or men) of worship, banner and unholy thing, heap of ash, husk and dirt, sand dunes, boulders, places of bali (offering sacrifices to Gods, demons etc.) and bathing. नदीं तरेन्न बाहुभ्यां, नाग्निस्कन्धमभिव्रजेत् सन्दिग्धनावं वृक्षं च नारोहेददुष्टयानवत् One should not swim across rivers with arms, should not walk facing huge fire, should not travel in a risky boat, not climb a tree doubtful of strength; or ride on a vehicle, which is in bad condition. नासंवृतमुखः कुर्यात्क्षुतिहास्यविजुम्भणम् One should not sneeze, laugh or yawn without covering his mouth. नासिकां न विकुष्णीयान्नाकस्माद्विलिखेद्भुवम् नाइगैश्चेष्टेत विगुणं, नासीतोत्कटकश्चिरम् One should not blow his nose (except for forcing out the dirty excretion); not scratch the ground without any reason, not do ugly movements of the parts of the body and sit on ones own heels for a long time. Page No. 22 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="70.5,421.4,102.1,421.2,101.2,436.4,101.2,436.5" i="#6277">should not engage in selling, brewing, free distributing, or receiving of wine. पुरोवातातपपरजस्तुषारपरूषानिलान् अनृजुः क्षवथुद्गारकासस्वप्नान्नमैथुनम् कूलछायां नृपद्विष्टं व्यालदंष्ट्रिविपाणिन: हीनानार्यार्तिनिपुणसेवां विग्रहमुत्तमैः सन्ध्यास्वभ्यवहारस्त्रीस्वप्नाध्ययनचिन्तनम् शत्रुसत्रगणाकीर्णगणिकापणिकाशनम् गाक्त्रवक्रनखैर्वाध्यं हस्तकेशावधूननम् तोयाग्निपूज्यमध्येन यानं धूमं शवाश्रयम् मध्यातिसक्तिं विश्रम्भस्वातन्व्ये स्त्रीषु च त्यजेत् The person should avoid the direct breeze, sunlight, dust, snow(dew), hard breeze (whirlwind etc); should not sneeze belch, cough, sleep, dine or copulate in improper postures, should avoid the shade of a scaffold, places hated by the king (or government), company of wild animals, biting animals and those with horns; of mean, wicked (uncivilised and very intelligent persons); avoid quarrel with good men; avoid taking foods, sex, sleeping, study and recapitulation at the time of meeting of the night and Page No. 23 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

do's and don'ts (regimen). This important chapter discusses in detail regarding different seasons and the regimen to be followed. Six Seasons - in the Ancient Ayurvedic Calendar - मासैर्द्विसंख्यैर्माघाध्यैः क्रमात् षट् ऋतवः स्मृताः शिशिरो अथ वसन्तश्च ग्रीष्मो वर्षशरद्हिमा: शिशिराद्यास्त्रिभिस्तैस्तु विध्यादयनमुत्तरम् आदानं च, तदादत्ते नृणां प्रतिदिनं बलम् A season (Ritu) is comprised of two months (two Masa). Shishira Ritu (winter, dewy scason) - Magha and Phalguna (Mid January - Mid March) Vasanta Ritu (Spring season) - Chaitra and Vaishakha (Mid March - Mid May) Greeshma Ritu (Summer season) - Jyeshta and Ashadha (Mid May to Mid July) The above three Ritus form Uttarayana - Northern solstice. Here, fire is dominant. It is also called as Adana Kala, wherein the human strength is relatively low. Varsha Ritu (Rainy Season) - Shravana and Bhadrapada - Mid July - mid September Sharath Ritu (Autumn season) - Ashvayuja and Karthika - Mid September to Mid November Hemantha Ritu (Winter season) - Margashira and Pushya - Mid November to Mid January These three seasons form Dakshinayana - Southern solstice. It is also called as Visarga Kala, wherein the human strength will be relatively high. Uttarayana - Adana kala - Northern Solstice - mid January - mid July तस्मिन्ह्यत्यर्थतीक्ष्णोष्णरूक्षा मार्गस्वभावतः आदित्यपवना: सौम्यान् क्षपयन्ति गुणान् भुवः तिक्तः कषायः कटुको बलिनो अत्र रसा क्रमात् तस्मादादानमाग्नेयम् Because of the nature of the path, both the Sun and wind become very strong, powerful and dry during this half of the year. It takes away all the cooling qualities of the earth. Bitter, Astringent and Pungent tastes (Tikta, kashaya and Katu Rasas) will be more powerful, respectively, in the successive Ritus. Hence Adana Kala is dominated by fire. Page No. 25 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="179.5,414.7,229.1,414.6,228.6,429.5,228.6,429.5" i="#7120">Ayurveda Winter regimen: Mid November - Mid January बलिन: शीतसंरोधाद्धेमन्ते प्रबलो अनल: भवत्यल्पेन्धनो धातून् स पचेत्वायुनेरित: अतो हिमे अस्मिन्सेवेत स्वाद्वम्ललवणात्रसान् During Hemantha, the people are strong, digestive fire becomes powerful, because it gets obstructed from flowing outward due to external winter. Like fuel consumes the things that it comes into contact, digestive fire may cause emaciation of body tissues. Hence, in this period, one should consume food predominant with sweet sour and salt tastes. दैर्घ्यानिशानामेतर्हि प्रातरेव बुभुक्षितः अवश्यकार्य सम्भाव्य यथोक्तं शीलयेदनु वातघ्नतैलैरभ्यङगं मूध्नि तैलं विमर्दनम् नियुद्धं कुशलैः सार्ध पादाघातं च युक्तितः As the nights are longer, person feels hungry early in the morning. So, after attending to oblutions, one should resort to Abhaynga (oil massage) with oils that have Vata balancing properties. Massage should be done especially to scalp and forehead. Mild massaging, wrestling till one's half strength and trampling of the body is recommended. Page No. 26 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#7542">Ritu, the strength and digestion power are more. Hence one can exercise, undergo oil massage, eat heavy foods and may have sex. 2. Sisira Rutu charya - Ayurveda winter regimen - Mid January - Mid March: अयमेव विधि: कार्य: श्शिरेडपि विशेषतः । तदा हि शीतमधिकं रौक्ष्यं चादानकालजम् ॥ ayameva vidhi: kārya: śsire'pi višeşata: | tadā hi šītamadhikam raukşyam cādānakālajam | Even in shishira Ritu, the same regimen, as described above should be adopted with more intensity. During this period cold is severe and dryness more. Page No. 27 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="203.8,79.2,221.2,79.2,220.7,93.3,220.7,93.4" i="#7961">and different kinds of beautiful and sweet smelling flowers. गुरुशीतदिवास्वप्नस्निग्धाम्लमधुरांस्त्येजेत् Avoid foods that are hard to-digest and cold, sleeping at day time, foods which are fatty, sour and sweet. Because, all these will increase Kapha. 4. Greeshma Ritucharya (Ayurveda Summer Regimen) Mid May - Mid July: तीक्ष्णांशुरतितीक्ष्णांशुर्ग्रीष्मे संक्षिपतीव यत् प्रत्यहं क्षीयते श्लेष्मा तेन वायुश्च वर्धते अतो अस्मिन्पटुकट्वम्लव्यायामार्करांस्त्यजेत् In Greesma (summer) the sun rays become powerful and appear to be destructive. Kapha decreases day by day and Vata increases consequently, hence avoid use of salt, pungent and sour foods, heavy physical exercises and exposure to sunlight, during this season. 26-27 भजेन्मधुरसेवान्नं लघु स्निग्धं हिमं द्रवम् सुशीततोयसिक्ताडगो लिह्यात्सक्तून सशर्करान् Food which are sweet, light (easy to digest), fatty, cold and liquid should be taken, take cornflour mixed with cold water and sugar after taking bath in cold water. Indication for limited use of wine during summer: मद्यं न पेयं, पेयं वा स्वल्पं, सुबहुवारि वा । अन्यथा शोफ शैथिल्य दाह मोहान् करोति तत् ॥ २९ madyam na peyam, peyam vā svalpam, subahuvāri vā | anyathā śopha śaithilya dāha mohān karoti tat || 29 Madya (wine) should not be taken; if very necessary, taken in very little quantity or diluted with more quantity of water; if wine is taken in large doses, it will cause inflammatory conditions, and it will make the body fragile and weak, increases burning sensation and causes delusion. कुन्देन्दुधवलं शालीमश्नीयाज्जाइगलै: पलै: पिबेद्रसं नातिघनं रसालां रागखाण्डवौ पानकं पञ्चसारं वा नवमृद्राजने स्थितम् मोचचोचदलैर्युक्तं साम्लं मृन्मयशुक्तिभि: पाटलावासितं चाम्भ: सकर्पूरं सुशीतलम् During summer, boiled rice, which is white in colour, (like full moon) should be eaten along with meat of animals of desert. Meat juice (Mamsarasa) which is not very thick, Page No. 29 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="169.6,281.2,194.0,281.2,193.5,296.4,193.5,296.3" i="#8386">sugar and cooled by moonlight and the stars should be used for drinking. 33-36 अभडकषमहाशालतालरुद्धोष्णरश्मिषु वनेषु माधवीश्लिष्टद्राक्षास्तवकशालिषु सुगन्धिहिमपानीयसिच्यमानपटालिके कायमाने चिते चूतप्रवालफललुम्बिभि: कदलीदलकहलारमृणालकमालोत्पलै: कोमलै: कल्पिते तल्पे हसत्कुसुमपल्लवे मध्यंदिनेअर्कतापार्त: स्वप्याद्धारागृहे अथवा पुस्तस्त्रीस्तनहस्तास्यप्रवृत्तोशीरवारिणि Day time should be spent in forests having tall trees reaching the sky such as shala (Shorea robusta, Tala - Borassus flabellifera etc, which obstruct the hot rays of the sun, or in houses around which bunches of flowers and grapes are hanging from their creepers. Sheets of cloth spreading sweet scented water, are arranged (to fan the air) , all around. Sleep on soft bed prepared with flowers of banana, kalbara, lotus etc. with fully blossomed flowers place all over. Spend the day remaining inside the house cooled by water fountains, water being scented with usheera (Cus Cus grass), and thereby relieve yourself from the heat of the sun. निशाकरकराकीर्ण सौधपृष्ठे निरासु च आसना स्वस्थचित्तस्य चन्दनार्द्रस्य मालिन: निवृत्तकामतन्त्रस्य सुसूक्ष्मतनुवासस: जलार्द्रतालवृन्तानि विस्तृताः पग्मिनीपुटाः उत्क्षेपाश्च मृदूत्क्षेपा जलवर्षिहिमानिला: कर्पूरमल्लिकामाला हारा: सहरिचन्दना: Page No. 30 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.934" b="192.4,577.3,219.1,577.5,218.7,595.5,218.7,595.2" i="#8804">रसान् कृतान् जाङ्गलं पिशितं यूषान् मध्वरिष्टं चिरन्तनम् मस्तु सौवर्चलाढ्यं वा पञ्चकोलावचूर्णितम् दिव्यं कौपं शृतं चाम्भो भोजनं त्वतिदुर्दिने व्यक्ताम्ललवणास्नेहं संशुष्कं क्षौद्रवल्लघु One should undergo Panchakarma therapies. After that the person should also be administered asthapana basti (decoction enema therapy). He should use old grains for food, meat juice processed with spices etc. Meat of animals of desert-like lands, soup of pulses , wine prepared from grapes and fermented decoctions, which are old or mastu (whey, thin water or curds) processed with more of Sochal Page No. 31 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="123.0,762.5,141.4,762.7,140.7,776.7,140.7,776.7" i="#9230">No. 32 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="100.3,281.7,112.0,281.6,111.7,296.7,111.7,296.7" i="#9652">by Srimad Vagbhata, Son of Sri Vaidyapati Simhagupta. Page No. 34 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="151.1,651.1,172.9,650.9,172.5,667.7,172.5,667.9" i="#10054">प्रायो रोगा: Angabhanga - body pain, Ashmari - Urinary calculi Pain in penis and bladder region. Diseases that are mentioned in flatus and faeces may also occur in this condition. Page No. 36 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="122.2,673.5,138.7,673.4,138.5,687.5,138.5,687.5" i="#10456">that are cooling in nature - like cold water drinking, cold water bath etc is recommended. Page No. 38 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="83.1,92.6,91.2,92.6,90.6,105.6,90.6,105.6" i="#10855">- Abdominal tumor, bloating Treatment: sleep, alcohol and sweet talk with friends and family. Suppression of vomiting: विसर्पकोठकुष्ठ अक्षिकण्डूपाण्डवामयज्वरा: सकासस्वासहल्लासव्यङ्गश्वयथवो वमेः १७ Suppression of vomiting causes Visarpa - Herpes, spreading skin disease Kotha - allergic skin rashes Kushta - skin discases Akshi Roga - eye disorders Kandu - itching sensation Pandu - Anemia, intial stages of liver diseases Jvara - fever Kasa - cough, cold Shwasa - Asthma, COPD, wheezing, breathing difficulty Hrullasa - nausea - vomiting sensation Vyanga - Pigmented patches on face Shvayathu - oedema, inflammation Treatment: गण्डूषधुमानाहारा रूक्षं भुक्त्वा तदुद्वम: व्यायाम: स्ुतिरस्स्य शस्तं चात्र विरेचनम् १८ सक्षारलवणं तैलमभ्यङ्गार्थे च शस्यते Gandusha - gargling Dhumapana - herbal smoke Rooksha aahara Vamana - cating dry food and inducing vomiting Vyayama - exercise Asra Sruti - Blood letting (in case of skin discascs) Virechana - purgation type of Panchakarma treatment. Note: Suppression of vomiting causes Pitta imbalance. Hence most of the treatment above is targeted to balance or eliminate Pitta. Page No. 41 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="288.8,211.6,317.8,211.7,317.8,225.1,317.8,225.3" i="#11254">urges. For those common diseases arising from these acts, specific treatments have been counted so far. By disturbing the nature, it is Vata that is mainly vitiated. Hence the symptoms arising from suppression of natural urges could be treatment with food and treatment which clear the passages of Vata and help in restoring Vata's natural movement direction. धारणीय वेगा: - Urges that should be suppressed - धारयेत्तु सदा वेगान् हितैषी प्रत्य चेह च लोभ ईर्ष्याद्वेषमात्सर्यरागादीनां जितेन्द्रिय: २४ The urges that should be suppressed forcefully are - Lobha - greed Irshya - envy Dvesha - hatredness Matsarya - jealous Raga - unlawful, excessive attraction Shodhana -Panchakarma - purification procedure - timing यतेत् च यथा कालं मलानां शोधनं प्रति अत्यर्थ सञ्चितास्ते हि क्रुद्धाः स्युर्जीवितच्छिद: One must exercise precaution to clear out Doshas and waste products at suitable times. Accumulation of such toxins could lead to their aggravation and subsequently even death may occur due to this. Effectiveness of Shodhana - (Panchakarma treatment) दोषा: कदाचित्कुप्यन्ति जिता लड्घन पाचनैः ये तु संशोधनैः शुद्धा न तेषां पुनरुद्धवः २६ The Doshas that are balanced out by Langhana (fasting etc) and Pachana (digestion promoting) therapies may sometime get re-aggravated soon. However, Doshas that have been eliminated out with Shodhna (Panchakarma) therapy will never get re-aggravated. Page No. 43 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

class="win11OneOcrPage" pageNum="45">

b="244.4,219.6,276.0,219.6,275.0,233.6,275.0,234.0" i="#12074">water जीवनं तर्पणं हृदयं हलादी बुद्धि प्रबोधनम् तनु अव्यक्तरसं मृष्टं शीतं लघु अमृतोपमम् १ गङ्गाम्बु नभसो भ्रष्टं स्पृष्टं तु अर्कन्दुमारुतैः हिताहितत्वे तद्रूयो देशकालावपेक्षते २ Rain water is which has come into contact with Sunlight, Moon light and wind is Jeevaneeya - Enlivening, improves quality of life Tarpana - satiating Hrudya - good for heart Hladi - calming and soothing to the mind and stomach Buddhi praboodhanam - Stimulates intellect Tanu - thin Avyaktarasa - imperceptible taste Sheeta - cold Laghu (light to digest) Amrutopama - similar to nectar Whether rain water is good or bad depends on the season and place where it rains. Notes - The properties described above are of rain water collected in a clean vessel directly, a little while after the commencement of rain. It should be consumed within a few hours as it loses its properties. With the increasing industrialization and pollution, the rain water has lost its qualities nowadays. Hence, may not be good to consume. Test for quality: येनाभिवृष्टममलं शाल्यन्नं राजते स्थितम् अक्लिन्नमविवर्ण च तत्पेयं गाङ्गम् Only that rain water which makes the boiled rice kept in a clean silver plate neither too moist nor change its color is to considered as good for drinking. 2 /2 Page No. 47 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47.9,556.9,76.5,556.8,76.5,569.8,76.5,569.7" i="#12492">which is un-seasonal or though seasonal that of the first rain (before the appearance of Agastya Nakshatra, that contaminated with the webs, saliva, urine, faeces of spider etc., and such other poisonous materials, should not be used for drinking. 6-7 1/2 Nadijala -(river water benefits) पश्चिमोदधिगा: शीघ्रवहा याश्चामलोदका: पथ्या: समासात्ता नद्या विपरीतास्त्वतो अन्यथा Water of the rivers which flow into the western ocean (Arabian sea), which are sweet and which have pure water (uncontaminated) is good for health, where as that flowing into eastern ocean is not ideal for consumption. 8 Page No. 48 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="334.3,717.9,371.0,717.8,370.7,732.3,370.7,732.3" i="#12911">healthy persons should drink less quantity of water in all other seasons 13-14 Page No. 49 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="132.5,199.5,157.3,199.4,157.2,212.9,157.2,212.9" i="#13303">sweet in taste and also at the end of digestion, Snigdha - unctuous, Ojovardhana - increases Ojus, Dhatuvardhana - nourishes and increases body tissues, Vata Pittahara - mitigates Vata and Pitta, Vrushya - aphrodisiac, Shleshmala - increases kapha Guru - heavy to digest Sheetala - coolant. 20-21 Goksheera -(cow milk benefits) :- अत्र गव्यं तु जीवनीयं रसायनम् क्षतक्षीणहितं मेध्यं बल्यं स्तन्यकरं सरम् श्रमभ्ममदालक्ष्मीश्वासकासादितृटक्षुध: जीर्नज्वरं मूत्रकृच्छ्रं रक्तपित्तं च नाशयेत् Cow's milk Jeevaneeya - promotes long life, Rasayana - anti aging, rejuvenating Kshataksheena hita - good for those emaciated after chest injury Medhya - increases intelligence, Balya - strengthening Stanyakara - promotes breast milk production Sara - helps casy movement of the bowels Relieves Shramahara - exhaustion, Bhramahara - dizziness Mada - toxicity, Alakshmi - in-auspiciousness Shwasa - dyspnoca, Kasa - cough, Atitrut Kshudha - severe thirst and hunger, Jeernajvara - chronic fevers, Mutrakrichra - dysurea Raktapitta - bleeding diseases 21 1/2 Page No. 52 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#13701">types of eye treatments. It is also used as nasal drops. 26. Avika ksheera - (ewe's milk) :- अहृद्यं तृष्णमाविकम् २६ वातव्याधिहरं हिध्माश्वासपित्तकफप्रदम् Eve's milk is not good for heart, hot in nature, useful in Vata disorders, gives rise to hiccup, respiratory conditions. It increases Pitta and Kapha. 26 1/2 Hastiksheera (Elephant milk benefits) - हस्तिन्याः स्थैर्यकृत् It is strengthening in nature. Ekashapha ksheera- (milk of single hoofed animals) :- वाढमुष्णं त्वैकशफं लघु शाखावातहरं साम्ललवण जडताकरम् Milk of single hoofed animals (like horse, donkey, etc) is very hot (in potency), useful in vata disorders, is slightly sour and salt and causes lassitude (laziness). Uncooked milk is पयो अभिष्यन्दि गुर्वामं, युक्त्या शृतमतो अन्यथा २८ भवेद्गरीयो अतिशृतं, धारोष्णममृतोपमम् Abhisyandi (causes excess secretion in the tissue pores, causing their blockage) Guru - heavy to digest Amakara - causes Ama and indigestion Yuktya shrutam amrutopamam - if it is properly boiled, it is similar to nectar, Otherwise, it is poison. Dharoshna - Milk drawn from udder (nipple) direct in to mouth is similar to nectar. (Provided cow is perfectly healthy without any infection) Page No. 54 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="157.2,93.3,208.9,93.7,208.9,106.2,208.9,106.1" i="#14107">astringent, Deepana - improves digestion strength Kaphavatjit - balances Kapha and Vata Useful in Shopha - inflammatory conditions Udara - ascites Arsha - hemorrhoids Grahani - malabsorption syndrome Mutradosha, Mutragraha - urine infection, dysuria Aruchi - anorexia Plecha - splenomegaly Gulma - abdominal distention Ghritavyapat - in indigestion caused by excess consumption of ghee Gara visha - chronic intoxication and Pandu - anemia Mastu - Supernatent liquid of curds (whey/watery part of curds) :- तद्वन्मस्तु सरं स्रोतः शोधि विष्टम्भजित् लघु। Mastu is similar to buttermilk. It is Sara - promotes movement of fluids inside body channels Srotashodhi - cleanses body channels Vishtambhajit - relieves constipation Laghu - easy to digest. Navanita (Butter) :- नवनीतं नवं वृष्यं शीतं वर्णबलाग्निकृत् ३५ सड्ग्राहि वातापितासृक्क्षयार्शोर्दितकासजित् क्षीरोद्धवं तु सङ्ग्राहि रक्तपित्ताक्षिरोगजित् ३६ Fresh Navanita (butter) is Vrushya - aphrodisiac, Sheeta - coolant Varna, bala, agnikrut - improves skin complexion, strength and digestion strength. Sangrahi - abosrbent, useful in diarrhoea Vatapittasruk jit - balances Vata, Pitta and detoxifies blood Useful in Kshaya - chronic respiratory disorders leading to emaciation Arsha - hemorrhoids Ardita vata - paralysis Kasa - cough Page No. 56 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#14509">४१ Kilata, Piyusa, Kurcika, Morana, ete, are strengthening, increase the semen, sleep and Kapha, cause constipation, heavy to digest, and aggravate the Doshas. 41. Page No. 57 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#14921">not prepared properly, it causes intestinal worms, increases chances of Kapha disorder in marrow, blood, fat tissue and muscles. हृद्य: पुराणः पथ्यश्च,नवः श्लेष्माग्निसादकृत् ४८ Old jaggery is good for heart, and should be consumed. Freshly prepared jaggery increases Kapha and causes indigestion. 47-48. Matsyandikadi - (brown sugar ete.) :- वृष्याः क्षीणक्षतहिता रक्तपित्तानिलापहाः मत्स्यण्डिकाखण्डसिता: क्रमेण गुणवत्तमाः ४९ Matsyandika (brown sugar), Khanda (sugar candy) and Sita (white crystalline sugar) in their succeeding order are better. They are aphrodisiac, good for the emaciated and the wounded, useful in bleeding diseases and aggravation of Vata. 49. Page No. 59 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="225.2,376.2,237,376.1,237,393.7,237,393.7" i="#15325">च बद्धविट्कं कृमिघ्नं च संस्कारात् सर्वरोगजित् ५६ Oils are generally similar to their source (oil seed), Sesame oil is the most important among all oils Sesame oil is Tvak doshanut - cleanses and detoxifies skin Chakshushya - good for eyes Sukshma - pierces into deep tissues Ushna - hot, balances Kapha useful for both obese and emaciated people. Useful to relieve constipation and worm infestation. When it is processed with other herbs, it is very beneficial in various diseases. Oil of Eranda - (Castor oil benefits) :- सतिक्तोष्णमैरण्डं तैलं स्वादु सरं गुरु वर्ध्मगुल्मानिलकफानुदरं विषमज्वरम् ५७ रुक्शोफौ च कटीगुह्यकोष्ठपृष्ठास्रयौ जयेत् तीक्ष्णोष्णं पिच्छिलं विसं, रक्तैरण्डोद्धवंव त्वति ५८ Page No. 61 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.995" b="48.5,139.7,80.6,139.8,80.2,153.4,80.2,153.9" i="#15739">Kapha and Pitta. Vasa-Majja-Medas-(muscle-fat, marrow and fat) :- वसा मज्जा च वातघ्नौ बलपित्तकफप्रदौ ६१ मांसानुगस्वरूपौ च विद्यान्मेदो अपि ताविव Vasa (muscle-fat) and Majja (bone-marrow) and fat mitigate Vata, cause increase of strength, Pitta and Kapha and similar in properties with the meat of animals from which they are obtained. Madya Varga - (group of wines) :- दीपनं रोचनं मद्यं तीक्ष्णोष्णं तुष्टिपुष्टिदम् ६२ सस्वादुतिक्तकटुकमम्लपाकरसं सरम् सकषायं स्वरारोग्यप्रतिभावर्णकृल्लघु ६३ नष्टनिद्रा अतिनिद्रेभ्यो हितं पित्तास्रदूषणम् कृशस्थूलहितं रूक्षं सूक्ष्मं स्रोतोविशोधनम् ६४ वातश्लेष्महरं युक्त्या पीतं विषवत् अन्यथा Madya (wines, all alcoholic beverages generally) in general, Deepana - stimulate digestion, Rochana - help taste, Teekshna - penetrate deep, Ushna - hot in potency, Tushti pushtida - give satisfaction and nourishment Sasvadu tikta katukam - slightly sweet, bitter and pungent in taste, Amlapaka rasa - sour at taste and at the end of digestion, Sara - laxative, Sakashaya - slightly astringent, Svara - confer good voice, Arogya - improves health, Pratibha - talent, Varna - colour and complexion; Laghu - easy to digest, Beneficial to those having loss of sleep or excess sleep for both lean and stout persons; is non- viscid, capable of entering through minute pores and cleansing them, mitigate Vata and Kapha, all these if used judiciously; but used otherwise, they act like poison. 62-641/2. गुरु तद्दोषजननं नवं, जीर्णमतो अन्यथा ६५ पेयं नोष्णोपचारेण न विरिक्तक्षुधातुरैः Page No. 63 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.973" b="47.4,543.2,88.6,543.3,88.2,557.8,88.2,557.6" i="#16153">harmful, (as other wines) in wounds, anaemia, and leprosy and other skin diseases. 69. Yava Sura :- विष्टम्भिनी यवसुरा गुर्वी रुक्षा त्रिदोषला । Sura prepared from Yava - Barley - Hordeum vulgare (barley) causes constipation, is difficult to digest, non-unctous and aggravates all the three Doshas. 611/2. Page No. 64 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="255.5,456.0,265.1,456.0,264.6,469.9,264.6,470.0" i="#16565">is Sara - promotes bowel movements (laxative), enhances hunger, is cold to touch, useful in anaemia, diseases of the eye and worms. 76. Sukta prepared by using jaggery, sugarcane, honey and grapes are easy to digest in their successive order. Asava (fermented infusion) :- गुडेक्षु मद्य मार्दवीक शुक्तं लघु यथोत्तरम् ॥ ७७ ॥ Asava prepared by using tubers, roots, fruits etc, is similar to shukta. शाण्डाकी चासुतं चान्यत् कालाम्लं रोचनं लघु॥७८ ॥ Asava prepared by using Sandaki (balls of fried paddy mixed with spices, dried in sun and then deep fried in oil) and by other material (such as oil-cakes etc) which have turned sour by lapse of time are appetizers and easy to digest. Page No. 66 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#16979">foods, non veg food, leafy vegetables, fruits, salts and medicinal herbs. Shuka Dhanya Varga - Group of corns with spikes - अथ शूकधान्य वर्ग: रक्तो महान् सकलमस्तूर्णकः शकुनाहतः सारामुखो दीर्घशुको रोधशूक: सुगन्धिक: १ पुण्ड: पाण्डुः पुण्डरीकः प्रमोदो गौरसारिवौ काञ्चनो महिषः शूको दूषकः कुसुमाण्डकः २ लाइगला लोहवालाख्या: कर्दमाः शीतभीरुका: पतइगास्तपनीयाश्च ये चान्ये शालयः शुभा: ३ Types of rice - Rakta (red), mahan (big sized rice), kalama, turnaka, shakunahruta, saaramukha, deerghashuka (having long sharp spike at the ends), sugandhika (having good smell), rodhrashuka, pundra, pandu, pundarika, Pramoda, Gaura (white rice), Sariva, Kanchana (golden colored rice), mahisha, Shuka, Dushaka, Kusumandaka, Langala Lohavala, Kardama, Sheetabheeruka, Patanga, stapaneeya (bright red) - these varieties of rice are good for consumption. - 1-3 Qualities and health benefits of rice - which one is best? स्वादुपाकरसाः स्निग्धा वृष्या बद्धाल्पवर्चसः कषायानुरसाः पथ्या लघवो मूत्रला हिमा: ४ Svadu rasa - sweet taste Swadu paka - sweet taste conversion after digestion Snigdha - unctuous Vrushya - natural aphrodisiac Baddhalpavarchasaha - causes mild constipation, causes lesser volume of faeces Kashaya anurasa - mild astringent taste Pathya - suitable for daily consumption Laghu - light to digest Mutrala - diuretic, increases urine volume Hima - coolant Page No. 68 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#17389">ततः क्रमान्महाव्रीहिकृष्णव्रीहिजतूमुखाः ८ कुक्कुटाण्डकलावाख्यपारावतकशूकरा: वरकोद्दालकोज्ज्वालत्रीनशारददर्दुरा: ९ गन्धना: कुरुविन्दाश्च गुणैरल्पान्तराः स्मृताः Page No. 69 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="247.8,525.1,280.9,525.1,280.9,538.5,280.9,538.8" i="#17793">health. It is Sheeta - cold Kashaya (astringent) Madhura (sweet) And Laghu (light to digest) 16 इति शूकधान्यवर्गः Page No. 71 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="142.9,544.7,159.9,544.7,159.0,559.8,159.0,559.7" i="#18194">and atmagupta (Mucuna pruriens) are similar to black gram in qualities. 22 Sesame seed benefits: उष्णस्त्वच्यो हिमः स्पर्श केश्यो बल्यस्तिलो गुरु: अल्पमूत्र: कटुः पाके मेधा अग्निकफपित्तकृत् २३ Tila (sesamum) is Ushna - hot in potency , Tvachya - good for the skin, Sheetasparsha - cold on touch, Keshya - good for hairs, Page No. 73 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="136.3,368.3,190.0,368.4,190.0,381.7,190.0,381.7" i="#18607">exhaustion, It nullifies residual doshas. Hence it is used as diet after Panchakarma, wherein all the Doshas are eliminated. Manda helps digestion, restores the normalcy of the tissues, causes softness of the channels, perspiration and kindles the digestive activity. 26-27 1/2 क्षुत्तृष्णाग्लानिदौर्बल्यकुक्षिरोगज्वरापहा २८ मलानुलोमनी पथ्या पेया दीपनपाचनी Peya (more liquid, less solid) relieves hunger, thirst, exhaustion, debility, diseases of the abdomen and fevers, if it causes easy elimination of faeces, good for all, kindles appetite and helps digestion. 28 विलेपी ग्राहिणी हृद्या तृष्णाघ्नी दीपनी हिता २९ व्रणाक्षिरोगसंशुद्धदुर्बलस्नेहपायिनम् Vilepi (less liquid more solid) withholds discharge of fluids from the body, good for the heart, relieves thirst, kindles appetite, ideal for all, especially for those suffering from ulcers, eye diseases, those who have been administered Panchakarma purification therapies, who are weak and who have been given fats for drinking as part of Snehana therapy (before Panchakarma). 29 सुधौतः प्रसृतः स्विन्नो अत्यक्तोष्मा चौदनो लघु: यश्चाग्नेयौषधक्वाथसाधितो भृष्टतण्डुल: विपरीतो गुरु: क्षीरमांसाध्यैर्यश्च साधितः Page No. 75 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#19018">vegetables, germinated grains, shandaki vataka (balls of fried rice dried in sun digest. 34 and then fried in oil) are not good for eyes, increase the doshas, cause debility and are hard to Hence, Ayurveda does not recommend germinated grains. Rasala - रसाला बृंहणी वृष्या स्निग्धा बल्या रुचिप्रदा । Rasala - curds churned and added with pepper powder and sugar- it causes body weight increase, it is aphrodisiac, unctuous, improves strength and improves taste. Panaka (vegetable / fruit juice) भ्रमक्षुत् तृट् क्लमहरं पानकं प्रीणनं गुरु ।३५।। विष्टम्भि मूत्रलं हृद्यं यथाद्रव्यगुणं च तत्। Relieves exhaustion, hunger, thirst and fatigue, gives satisfaction. It is generally hard to digest, stays long in the stomach, is diuretic and good to the heart. Its properties depends on material from which it is prepared. 35 Laja (fried paddy) लाजास्तृट् छर्द्यतीसार मेहमेद: कफच्छिद: ॥३६॥ कासपित्तोपशमना दीपना लघवो हिमा: । Laja is prepared by frying paddy. Relieves thirst, vomiting, diarrhea, diabetes, obesity, mitigates kapha, cough and pitta, increases appetite, easy to digest and cold in potency, 36 पृथुका गुरवो बल्या: कफ विष्टम्भकारिण: ॥३७॥ Prithuka (parboiled and flaked paddy) is hard to digest, strengthening increases kapha and causes constipation. Prithuka is prepared by boiling paddy for short while and pounding it with pestle and mortar. 37 Page No. 77 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="217.3,436.7,245.9,436.7,245.9,449.8,245.9,449.9" i="#19442">These are usually consumed as side-dishes or snacks in between meals. However in view of their difficult digestibility, some warnings have been enumerated above. पिण्याको ग्लपनो रुक्षो विष्टम्भी दृष्टिदूषण: ॥४०॥ Pinyaka produces giddiness, dryness indigestion and vitiates vision. Pinyaka is the residue of sesamum, groundnut and other oil seeds, after extracting the oil from it. वेसवारो गुरु: स्निग्धो बलोपचयवर्धनः । मुद्गादिजास्तु गुरवो ब्यथाद्रव्यगुणानुगाः ॥। ४१।। Vesavara is meat, cut into minute bits, added with spices like pepper, ginger ete, and roasted or fried. Vegetable vesavara is prepared with flour or pulses of various kinds, added with spices etc. Vesavara is hard to digest, is unctuous, increases strength and builds the body. Vesavara prepared from green gram and others is hard to digest and possess properties similar to the material from which it is prepared. 41 कुकूलकर्परभ्राष्ट्रकन्द्वड्गारविपाचितान् एकयोनील्लघुन्विद्यादपूपानुत्तरोत्तरम् Page No. 78 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#19859">and picks up their food.) 44-45 Page No. 79 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="48,471,240,470,240,483,240,484" num="21">mamsa (meat) are enumerated. 52-53 1/2 योनिष्वजावी व्यामिश्रगोचरत्वादनिश्चिते Goat and sheep are not included in any particular group because of their mixed heredity and living in all types o lands. 54 आध्यान्त्या जाङ्गलानूपा मध्यौ साधारणौ स्मृतौ Out of the cight groups mentioned above, the first three (Mriga, viskriya and pratuda) are also know as Jangala (Vata dominant); the last three (mahamriga, Jalacara and Matsya), are also called anupa (Kapha dominant); The middle two (bilesaya and prasaha) are known as sadharana ( tridosha balancing) 54 1/2 The region of land which has dry forests (shrubby) with less rainfall is Jangala, the region. This region is Vata dominant. Area with plenty of rainfall and water-logged is anupa (Kapha dominant), The region which has neither too much of dryness nor too much of moisture is Sadharana (temperature). The nature and qualities of the land are also seen in all the flora and fauna of the region. Page No. 81 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47,650,476,649,476,664,476,665" num="29">Meat of cataka increases kapha, is unctuous, mitigates vata and best to increase semen. 60 गुरूष्णस्निग्धमधुरा वर्गाश्चातो यथोत्तरम् मूत्रशुक्रकृतोव बल्या वातघ्ना: कफपित्तलाः Page No. 82 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="287.4,398.6,296.0,398.6,295.7,412.6,295.7,412.6" i="#21101">of male animals and from the parts below the umbilicus of female animals, that obtained from the pregnant animal are all hard to digest. Among the quadrupeds, the flesh of females is easily digestible but among the birds it is of the males. Flesh obtained from the head, neck, thighs, back, waist , forelegs, stomach and intestines are hard to digest in the reverse order of enumeration. The tissues of the animals such as blood and others are hard to digest in their successive order; testicles, penis, kidneys, liver and rectum are hard to digest than the flesh. 69-71. Thus ends the group of meat. In ancient India, hunting was very common both for the sake of food and as pastime, Among the hunted animals and birds belonging to different kinds and nature some were found suitable as food but some were not. It is difficult to correctly identify some of the animals, birds and fishes named herein, some of them might have become extinct even. Page No. 84 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#21515">kapha and pitta. 75-78 हृद्यं पटोलं कृमिनुत् सवादुपाकं रुचिप्रदम् । Page No. 85 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="321.7,522.7,342.7,522.6,342.4,537.1,342.4,537.2" i="#21926">pitta cleanses the urinary bladder, and aphrodisiac. Trapusa causes more urination (diuretic). तुम्बं रुक्षतरं ग्राहि कालिडगैर्वारुचिर्भटम् बालं पित्तहरं शीतं विद्यात्पक्वमतो अन्यथा शीर्णवृन्तं तु सक्षारं पित्तलं कफवातजित् रोचनं दीपनं हृद्यमष्ठीला आनाहनुल्लघु Tumba (alabu) is very dry (causes dryness), absorbent; kalinga, ervaru and cirbhita when tender mitigate pitta and are cold in potency, but when ripe are opposite in qualities, these which are overripe and separated from its attachment, will be alkaline in taste, increase pitta, mitigate kapha, and vata, improves taste and appetite, good for the heart, cures enlargement of the prostate, distention of abdomen and easily digestible. 89-90 Page No. 87 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47.8,158.9,78.1,158.8,78.0,172.6,78.0,172.7" i="#22335">kapha and vata. 99 1/2 कृमिकासकफोत्क्लेदान् कासमर्दो जयेत्सर: Kasamarda cures disease caused by worms, cough and increase of kapha and moves the bowels. रुक्षोष्णमम्लं कौसुम्भं गुरु पित्तकरं सरम् Kousumbha is dry, hot in potency, sour, hard to digest increase pitta and makes the bowels to move. गुरुष्णं सार्षपं बद्धविण्मूत्रं सर्वदोषकृत् Sarsapa (mustard) is not easily digestible, hot in potency, binds the faeces and urine and causes increase of all the dosas. Mulaka (radish), when tender and not having definite taste, is slightly alkaline and better, mitigates the dosas, casily digestible hot in potency, and cures abdominal tumours, cough, asthma, ulcers, disease of he eye and throat, horseness of voice, asthma, upward movement inside the abdomen (reverse peristalsis) and chronic nasal catarrh. 102-103. Radish benefits: यद्बालं अव्यक्तरसं किञ्जित् क्षारं सतिक्तकम् तन्मूलकं दोषहरं लघु सोष्णं नियच्छति गुल्मकासक्षयश्वासव्रणनेत्रगलामयान् स्वराग्निसादोदावर्तपीनसांश्च महत्पुनः रसे पाके च कटुकमुष्णवीर्यं त्रिदोषकृत् गुर्वभिष्यन्दि च स्निग्धसिद्धं तदपि वातजित् वातश्लेष्महरं शुष्कं सर्वम् आमं तु दोषलम् Radish that is tender, and not having definite tatste, is slightly alkaline and bitter, balances Doshas, easy to digest, hot in potency and cures abdominal tumors, cough, respiratory conditions, ulcers, diseases of eye and throat, hoarseness of voice, bloating, and rhinitis. Radish, big in size is hard to digest, pungent in taste and at the end of digestion, not in potency, increases all the three doshas, hard to digest and is abhishynadi (indigestion plus sticky to the gut). When cooked with fats it mitigates vata; the dried one causes increase of the dosha. 104. Page No. 89 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.977" b="237.2,566.0,257,565.9,257,582.4,257,582.6" i="#22750">१०९ हृद्य: केश्यो गुरुर्वृष्यः स्निग्धो रोचनदीपनः भग्नासन्धानकृद्बल्यो रक्तपित्तप्रदूषण: ११० किलासकुष्ठगुल्मार्शोमेहक्रिमिकफानिलान् सहिध्मापीनसश्वासकासान् हन्ति रसायनम् १११ Lashuna (garlic) is highly penetrating (deep into the tissues), hot in potency, pungent in taste, and at the end of digestion, makes the bowles to move, good for the heart (or the mind), and hairs; hard to digest, aphrodisiac, unctuous, improves taste and digestion, helps union of features, gives strength, greatly vitiates the blood and pitta, cures leucoderma, skin diseases, abdominal Page No. 90 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="229.5,370.5,269.0,370.4,268.6,388.0,268.6,388" i="#23164">दाडिमम् ११७ पित्ताविरोधि नात्युष्णमम्लं वातकफापहम् सर्व हृदयं लघु स्निग्धं ग्राहि रोचन दीपनम् ११८ It mitigates the greatly increased pitta in particular and the other doss also and is sweet; the sour variety is also not going to increase pitta, not very hot in potency and mitigates vata and kapha. All varieties of Pomegranate are good to the hear, easily digestible unctuous, without elimination of fluids, stimulate appetite and digestion. 117-118 मोचखर्जूरपनसनारिकेलपरुषकम् आम्राततालकाश्मर्यराजादनमधूकजम् वातामाभिशुकाक्षोडमुकूलकनिकोचकम् उरुमाणं प्रियालं च बृंहणं गुरु शीतलम् दाहक्षतक्षयहरं रक्तपित्तप्रसादनम् स्वादुपाकरसं स्निग्धं विष्टम्भि कफशुक्रकृत् Mocha (plantain), kharjura (dates) panasa (jack fruits) narikela (cocoanut ) parusaka amrataka, tala, kasmarya, rajadana, madhuka, badara, ankola, phalgu, slesmataka, vatama, abhisuka, aksoda, mukulaka, nikocaka, urumanam, and priyala make the body stout, not easily digestible cold in potency, relive burning sensation , injury to the lungs, consumption, bleeding conditions, sweet in taste and also at the end of digestion, unctous, stay long in the stomach without digestion, increase kapha and semen. 119-121 1/2 Page No. 92 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.997" b="145.1,762.2,160,762.0,159.6,776.5,159.6,776.7" i="#23578">93 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47,381,501,381,501,394,501,394" num="16">and do not aggravate pitta greatly; so also, karamardaka fruit ripended and dried does not cause great increase of pitta 9causes mild increase). 137- 138 दीपनं भेदनं शुष्कमम्लीकाकोलयो: फलम् तृष्णाश्रमक्लमच्छेदि लघ्विष्टं कफवातयो: Fruits of amlika and kola improve digestion, cause purgation, cures thirst, fatigue, exhaustion; are easily digestible and mitigates kapha and vata. 139 फलानामवरं तत्र लकुचं सर्वदोषकृत् इति फलवर्ग: Lakuca phala is least among all the fruits and increases all the above the dosas. Thus ends the group of fruits. Page No. 95 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="374.6,226.2,391.6,226.2,391.1,240.1,391.1,240.0" i="#24404">and vata, kindles digestion, cures constipation, flatulence, obstruction, of flatus, colic and heaviness (of the abdomen). 146 विपाके स्वादु सामुद्रं गुरु श्लेष्म विवर्धनम् Samudra (common salt) is sweet at the end of digestion, not easily digestible and aggravates kapha.147. सतिक्तकटुकक्षारं तीक्ष्णमुत्केदि चौद्धिदम् Aubdhida is slightly bitter, pungent and alkaline in taste, penetrates deep and increases the secretions. कृष्णे सौवर्चलगुणा लवणे गन्धवर्जिता: Krisna lavana (black salt) has properties similar to souvarcala except the smell. 148 रोमकं लघु Romaka is easily digestible; पांसूत्थं सक्षारं श्लेष्मलं गुरु Pamsuttha is slightly alkaline, aggravates kapha and not casilt digestible. लवणानां प्रयोगे तु सैन्धवादि प्रयोजयेत् Whenever lavanas (salt) are to be used (for medicinal recipes) they should be prepared commencing with saindhava. गुल्महग्रहणीपाण्डुप्लीहानाहगलामयान् श्वासार्श: कफकासांश्च शमयेद्यवशूकजाः Page No. 97 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#24810">intermittent fevers, diseases of the head, and eyes, anaemia, heart disease, jaundice, disease of the duodenum, consumption, dropsy, diarrhoea, obesity, fainting, vomiting, worms (intestinal parasites), dyspnoca, cough, excess salivation, haemorrhoids, discase of the spleen, distention of the abdomen, enlargement of the abdomen, obstruction of channels, abdominal tumors, stiffness of the thing, loss of taste (anorexia0 and many other disease arising from (aggravation of ) kapha and vata. 153-157. तद्वदामलकं शीतमम्लं पित्तकफापहम् Similarly so is amalaka in all other properties it is cold I potency, and mitigates pitta and kapha. कटु पाके हिमं केश्यमक्षमीषश्च तद्गुणम् Aksha (vibhitaka) is pungent at the end of digestion, cold in potency, good for hairs and possesses properties similar (to haritaki and amalaka) but slightly less (in degree). 158 Triphala benefits: इयं रसायनवरा त्रिफला अक्ष्यामयापहा । रोपणी त्वग्गद क्लेदमेदोमेहकफास्रजित् ॥१५९॥। Thus, the Triphala (haritaki, amalaki and vibhitaki), together is a best rejuvenator of the body, cures diseases of the eyes, heals wounds and cures skin diseases, excess moisture of the tissues, obesity, diabetes, aggravation of kapha and Asra (blood) 159. Trijata and Chaturjata सकेसरं चतुर्जातं त्वक्पत्रैलं त्रिजतकम् । पित्तप्रकोपि तीक्ष्णोष्णं रूक्षं रोचनदीपनम् ॥१६०॥ Twak - (Cinnamon), patra (Cinnamon leaf) and Ela - (Cardamom) together are known as Trijataka and these along with kesara from the chaturjata. hunger. 160 They cause aggravation of pitta, are penetrating, hot in potency, cause dryness, improve taste and Page No. 99 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.992" b="47.9,593.2,83.3,593.2,82.9,607.1,82.9,606.9" i="#25227">Similar is ardraka (fresh ginger, green); Trikatu - Pepper, long pepper and ginger - together known as trikatu, useful in obesity,Asthma, dyspepsia, cough, filariasis and chronic nasal catarrh. 164 चविकापिप्पलीमूलं मरिचाल्पान्तरं गुणैः Chavaika (Piper chaba) and pippalimula (long pepper root) possess qualities and properties similar to Marica (black pepper) but in lesser degree. 165. चित्रको अग्नि समः पाके शोफार्शः कृमिकुष्ठहा Page No. 100 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="48.1,219.0,115.0,219.7,115.0,234.8,115.0,235" i="#25637">Pranacharya (Royal physician) :- राजा राजगृहासन्ने प्राणाचार्य निवेशयेत् सर्वदा स भवत्येवं सर्वत्र प्रतिजागृवि: The king should arrange for the residence of the royal physician near to the palace so that the physician can be vigilant about all things at all times. - 1 अन्नपानं विषाद्रक्षेद्विशेषेण महीपते: योगक्षेमौ तदायत्तौ धर्माध्या यन्निबन्धना: The foods and drinks of the king should be protected from poison, because, the King's health and the King, - 2 welfare depends on his food and drink and the health and welfare of the country is dependant on Features of poisoned foods and drinks - ओदनो विषवान् सान्द्रो यात्यविस्राव्यतामिव चिरेण पच्यते पक्वो भवेत्पर्युषितोपमः ३ मयूरकण्ठतुल्योष्मा मोहमूर्च्छाप्रसेककृत् हीयते वर्णगन्धाद्यैः क्लिद्यते चन्द्रिकाचितः ४ Boiled rice mixed with poison Sandra - becomes thick, Even when it is boiling, the contends do not overflow from the vessel.t Chirena Pachyate - takes a long time to cook, Pakvo bhavati paryushitopama - after cooking it becomes moist and stale, very soon Mayura Kantha Tulyoshma- emits steam with the colour of the peacock's neck (blue), Moha moorcha prasekakrut - the steams and fumes from the container causes delusion, fainting and excessive salivation. Heeyate varna gandhadyaihi - quickly loses its original colour, odour, taste, texture, Klidyate chandrikachitaha - becomes watery and full of glistening particles. 3-4 Page No. 102 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

drink prepared from barley husk), (whey), Kaali madya ambhasoho - black lines on wines and water, Harit taile arunopama - green lines in honey and crimson lines on oils. Unripe fruits ripen (fast) and ripe ones become overripe and decomposed. Substances which are green and dry become dull in appearance and discolored., Soft food substances become hard and vice versa. The flowers of the garland become split at their edges, fade and assume unnatural smell. Dirty patches appear on cloth (dress and other apparels), its threads and hems fall out. Vessels prepared from metals, pearls, wood, stone, precious stones etc. become dirty, and lose their smooth touch and luster. Mud vessels gain smooth touch and luster. 5-11. Page No. 103 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="130.1,119.2,144.1,119.2,143.4,134.8,143.4,134.8" i="#26461">by poisoned food - (Visha annaja Vikara) - स्पृष्टे तु कण्डूदाहोषाज्वरार्तिस्फोटसुप्तय: नखारोमच्युतिः शोफ:, सेकाध्या विषनाशना: शस्त्रास्तत्र प्रलेपाश्च सेव्यचन्दनपद्मकै: ससोमवल्कतालीसपत्रकुष्ठामृतानतैंः External effects: The touch of poisoned foods produces itching and irritation, burning sensation all over the body, burning sensation at the site of touch, fever, pain, eruptions, loss of tactile sensation, falling of the nails and hairs and swelling. The treatment shall be bathing (washing), pouring with water processed with anti-poisonous drugs, application of paste of Sevya (Ushira), Candana (sandalwood), Padmaka - Wild Himalayan Cherry (heart wood) - Prunus puddum / cerasoides;, Somavalka, Talisa Patra - Cinnamomum tamala, Kushta (Saussurea lappa), Amrita (Tinospora) and Nata - Valeriana wallichi. 19-20. लालाजिह्वोष्ठयोर्जाडयमूषा चिमिचिमायनम् दन्तहर्षो रसाज्ञत्वं हनुस्तम्भश्च वक्रगे सेव्याध्यैस्तत्र गण्डूषा: सर्व च विशजिद्धितम् Local effect in oral cavity: Poisoned food inside mouth causes excess of salivation, inactivity of the tongue and lips, burning sensation, tingling of the teeth, inability to perceive taste and stiffness of the lower jaw. The treatment shall be mouth gargling with water processed with Sevya - Khus Khus - Vetiveria zizanioides and other drugs mentioned earlier and all other therapies for the mouth which are anti-poisonous. 21-2112. आमाशयगते स्वेदमूर्च्छाध्मानमदभमा: रोमहर्षो वमिर्दाहश्चक्षुर्हदयरोधनम् बिन्दुभिश्चाचयो अङ्गानां, पक्वाशयगते पुनः अनेकवर्ण वमति मूत्रयत्यतिसार्यते तन्द्रा कृशत्वं पाण्डुतवमुदरं बलसइक्षय: तयोर्वान्तविरिक्तस्य हरिद्रे कटरभी गुडम् सिन्दुवारितनिष्पावबाष्पिकाशतपर्विका: तण्डुलीयकमूलानि कुक्कुटाण्डमवल्गुजम् नावनाञ्जनपानेषु योजयेद्विषशान्तये Page No. 105 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="390.1,422.7,450.9,422.8,450.5,435.7,450.5,435.8" i="#26873">administered to the patient. After that, Swarna bhasma is administered for a long period of time. By such Swarna administration for long time, the body becomes as pure as Gold. The term used for this is 'Hemapanga'. Na Sajjate Hemapange padmapatre ambuvat visham || In a person who has been given Gold bhasma for a long time, the poison can not do any harm, similar to a water drop that can not touch the leaf of the lotus. The person gains long life. The same treatment is followed in Gara Visha (chronic poisoning) also. Incompatible foods (Viruddha Ahara) :- विरुद्धमपि च आहारं विध्याद्विषगरोपमम् On many occasions, consuming two food items together or a particular type of food processing may render the food toxic. It is called as incompatible food. Even incompatible foods should be considered similar to poison / artificial poisoning. 29. Page No. 106 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#27282">processed with the oil in which fish is fried should be rejected. Ghee kept in bronze vessel for more than 10 days should not be taken. Hot substances or hot procedures (like sun bath) is not recommended along with Bhallataka. 37. भासो विरुध्यते शूल्यः कम्पिल्लस्तक्रसाधितः Meat of Bhasa bird - white headed vulture should not be roasted. Kampilla (a dish) prepared with buttermilk - 371/2. एकध्यं पायससुराकृशराः परिवर्जयेत् Mixing of milk, beer and Krishara (rice - green gram dish) - 38 मधुसर्पिर्वसातैलपानियानि द्विशास्त्रिश: एकत्र वा समांशानि विरुध्यन्ते परस्परम् ३९ Mixing of equal quantities of any 2, 3 or all of the following is not recommended - honey, ghee, meat fat, sesame oil and beverages. भिन्नांशे अपि मध्याज्ये दिव्यवार्यनुपानतः मधुपुष्करबीजं च, मधुमैरेयशार्करम् मन्थानुपान: क्षैरेयो, हारिद्र: कटुतैलवान् Honey along with ghee, even in unequal proportions, should not be consumed along with water. Honey along with seeds of Pushkara, Honey, along with wine of dates (Maireya) and sugar Milk drinks along with Mantha (solution of corn flour) Turmeric with mustard oil is incompatible. उपोदक अतिसाराय तिलकल्केन साधिता Upodika (Indian spinach) processed along with sesame seed paste causes diarrhoea. - 41 बलाका वारुणीयुक्ता कुलमाषैश्च विरुध्यते भृष्टा वराहवसया सैव सद्यो निहन्त्यसून Meat of Balaka bird along with Varuni (date wine) and Kulmasha (green gram and other pulses cooked together) Meat of Balaka along with pork fat is lethal. तद्वत्तित्तिरपत्राट्यगोधालवकपिञ्जला: एरण्डेनाग्निना सिद्धास्तत्तैलेन विमूर्च्छिता: Page No. 108 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="48,597,281,596,281,611,281,612" num="23">Virodha chikitsa - symptom based treatment. द्रव्यैस्तैरेव वा पूर्व शरीरस्याभिसंस्कृतिः Health should be restored quickly by using food that have opposite qualities to that of incompatible foods. व्यायामस्निग्धदीप्ताग्निवयः स्थबलशालिनाम् विरोध्यपि न पीडायै सात्म्यमल्पं च भोजनम् ४७ Page No. 109 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="114.6,388.4,144.0,388.3,143.3,403,143.3,403" i="#28114">sitting comfortably (during day) is neither dry nor unctuous 55. ग्रीष्मे वायुचयादानरौक्ष्यरात्र्यल्पभावतः दिवास्वप्नो हितो अन्यस्मिन् कफपित्तकरो हि सः मुक्त्वा तु भाष्ययानाध्वमद्यस्त्रीभारकर्मभिः क्रोधशोकभयैः क्लान्तान् श्वासहिध्मातिसारिण: वृद्धबालाबलक्षीणतृट्शूलापीडितान् Sleeping during day time is beneficial during summer, because in that season, Vata undergoes mild increase, dryness is more, nights are short; Day sleeping during other seasons causes Kapha and Pitta increase. Who can have day sleep? बहुमेद: कफ: स्वप्युः स्ने हनित्याश्च नाहनि विषार्त: कण्ठरोगी च नैव जातु निशास्वपि Day sleeping is good for those who are exhausted by excessive speaking, riding, walking, wine, woman (sexual intercourse), carrying heavy load, physical activities, tired by anger, grief and fear, for those suffering from asthma, hiccup, diarrhea, for the aged, the children, the debilitated, the emaciated, those having injury, thirst, abdominal pain, indigestion; those assaulted, those Page No. 111 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47.9,118.2,77.0,118.2,76.4,132.3,76.4,132.2" i="#28521">Those suffering from very little sleep (or no sleep at all), should indulge in the use of milk, wine, meat soup and curds (as food), oil massage and mild squeezing (of the body), bath, anointing the head, ears and eyes with nourishing oils, comforting embrace by the arms of the wife, harbouring the feeling of satisfaction of having done good deeds and resorting to things which are comforting to the mind as much as desired; these bring about the pleasure of good sleep. For those who follow the regimen of celibacy, who are not very crazy of sexual intercourse and who are contented with happiness, sleep will not be very late than its regular time. 66- 68. Abrahmacharya - non celibacy - ग्राम्यधर्म त्यजेन्नारीमनुत्तानां रजस्वलाम् अप्रियामप्रियाचारां दुष्टसइकीर्णमेहनाम् अतिस्थूलकृशां सुतां गर्भिणीयन्ययोषितम् वर्णिनीमन्ययोनिं च गुरुदेवनृपालयम् चैत्यश्मशाना आयतनचत्वाराम्बुचतुष्पथम् पर्वण्यनङ्गं दिवसं शिरोहृदयताडनम् अत्याशितो अधृतिः क्षुद्वान् दुःस्थिताइगः पिपासितः बालो वृद्धो अन्यवेगार्त्तस्त्यजेद्रोगी च मैथुनम् Sex - the person should avoid the woman who is not lying with her face upward, who is in her menstrual period, who is not liked, whose activities are displeasing, whose private parts are dirty and who is troublesome; who is very obese or very emaciated, who has recently delivered and who is pregnant; The other woman (other than his wife), and the nun, the other animals like the goat, buffalo etc., should be avoided. Avoid sex in the abode of the teacher, gods and kings in monasteries, burial ground, places of torture and of sacrifice and meeting of four roads. Should avoid days of special significance (new-moon, full-moon, eclipse, festivals, mourning days and others), Avoid organs which are non-sexual, (oral etc) and also the days forbidden for sex, avoid violence during sex. Should not indulge in sex after a heavy meal, without keen intention, when hungry, when his body is in uncomfortable postures, when thirsty; with children, with the aged (old women), when troubled by other urges (such as of urine, faeces etc.) and when he is himself a patient. 69-72. सेवेत कामतः कामं तृप्तो वाजीकृतां हिमे त्रयहाद्वसन्तशरदोः पक्षाद्वर्षानिदाघयोः During Hemanta and shishira (winter) the person can indulge in copulation (daily) as much as he likes after making use of aphrodisiacs (and obtaining strength); Page No. 113 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="362.6,173.5,377.0,173.5,376.9,187.2,376.9,187.3" i="#28945">the woman (sexual intercourse). 74. स्मृतिमेघायुरारोम्यपुष्टीन्द्रिययशोबलै: ।अधिका मन्दजरसो भर्वान्त स्त्रीषु संयताः ॥ ७५ ॥ Good memory, intelligence, long life, health, nourishment, acuity of sense organs, reputation, strength and slow ageing accrue from disciplined (controlled) indulgence in the women. 75. सेवेत चानु शयनं विरतौ रतस्य तस्यैवमाशु वपुषः पुनरेति धाम After the act, the man should indulge himself in bath, applying scented paste, exposure to cool breeze, drinking of syrup prepared from sugar candy, cold water, milk, meat juice, soup, Sura - fermented liquor prepared from grains, Prasanna - clear supernatant fluid of Sura and then go to sleep; by these, the vigour of the body returns quickly to its abode again. 76. श्रुतचरित समृद्धे कर्मदक्षे दयालौ भिषजि निरनुबन्धं देहारक्षां निवेश्य भवति विपुलतेजः स्वास्थ्यकीर्तिप्रभाव: स्वकुशलफलभोगी भूमिपालश्चिरायुः The king who has implicitly reposed the protection of his body with his physician, who is well conversant with the seriptures and its practices efficient in work and kind, attains great valour, health, fame, influence, capacity to enjoy the fruits of all his actions and a long life. 77. Thus ends the 7th chapter of Ashtanga Hrudaya Sutrasthana. Page No. 114 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#29366">properly. Over a period of time, it leads to Vata imbalance disorders. Excess quantity of food is again not desirable. It causes quick increase of Doshas. 3-31/2. Effects of over eating: पीड्यमानो हि वाताद्या युगपत्तेन कोपिता: ४ आमेनान्नेन दुष्टेन तदेवाविश्य कुर्वते विष्टम्भयन्तो अलसकं च्यावयन्तो विसूचिकाम् ५ अधरोत्तरमार्गाभ्यां सहसैवाजितात्मन: Page No. 115 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="276.5,354.6,289.8,354.6,289.3,369.3,289.3,369.3" i="#29774">the digestive tract. It causes the food to stay inside the stomach, as a foreign body. It leads to abdominal colic and such other symptoms, but without vomiting and diarrhea. 10-11. Dandalasaka - अत्यर्थदुष्टास्तु दोषा दुष्टाभिबद्धखा: यान्त: तिर्यक्तनुं सर्वां दण्डवत् स्तम्भयन्ति चेत् १२ दण्डकालसकं नाम तं त्येजेदाषुकारिणम् Highly vitiated Doshas, move into vitiated and obstructed channels by accumulation of undigested food. Thus Doshas get obstructed in the GI tract, and begin to move in other unnatural channels. Thus Doshas spread throughout the body and make it stiff like a log of wood. This disease is called Dandakalasaka, which should be rejected for treatment as it is quick in causing death. 12. Ama Dosha विरुद्ध अध्यशनाजीर्णशीलिनो विषलक्षणम् १३ आमदोषं महाघोरं वजयेद्विषसंज्ञकम् विषरूपाशुकारित्वात् विरुद्धोपक्रमत्वतः १४ Persons who indulges in Viruddha Ashana - taking incompatible foods, Page No. 117 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#30190">pain killing drugs; the Agni - digestive fire which is associated with Ama - improperly processed metabolites Page No. 118 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#30608">by pain in the abdomen, constipation, flatulence and debility. पित्तात् विदग्धं तृण्मोहभ्माम्लोद्गारदाहवत् Vidagdha ajirna - this type of indigestion is due to vitiated Pitta and has thirst, fainting, dizziness, giddiness, sour belching and burning sensation as its symptoms. 26 Ajirna Chikitsa - Treatment of Indigestion लड्घनं कार्यमामे तु, विष्टब्धे स्वेदनं भृशम् विदग्घे वमनं, यद्वा यथावस्थं हितं भवेत् २७ For Ama ajima, Langhana - fasting should be done;| For Vishtabdha Ajirna, Swedana (sudation therapy) should be done; For Vidagdha ajima, Vamana (emesis therapy) should be done, or any therapy appropriate to the stage of the disease can be done. 27 Vilambika disease: गरीयसो भवेल्लीनादामादेव विलम्बिका कफवातानुबद्धा आमलिड्गा तत्समसाधना 28 Vilambika - another kind of indigestion occurs due to profound accumulation of Ama inside the channels. It is caused due to vitiation of Kapha and Vata, and has all the symptoms of Ama; its treatment also is similar to that of Ama, 28 Page No. 120 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="95.4,762.1,121.8,762.3,121.4,776.8,121.4,777" i="#31025">Page No. 121 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#31432">food that can be consumed habitually (on daily basis, for a long time) - शीलयेच्छालिगोधूमयवषष्टिकजाइगलम् सुनिषण्णकजीवन्तीबालमूलवास्तुकम् पथ्यामलकमृद्वीकापटोलीमुद्गशर्करा: घृतदिव्योदकक्षीरक्षौद्रदाडिमसैन्धवम् Shali (rice), Godhuma (wheat), Yava - Barley - Hordeum vulgare, Shashtika (rice maturing in sixty days), Jangala (meat of animals of desert like lands), sunisannaka, Jivanti - Leptadenia reticulata, Balamulaka (young radish), Pathya (Haritaki) Amalaka (Amla - Indian gooseberry), Mridwika - dry grapes, Mudga - green gram, Sarkara (sugar), Ghrita (ghee), Divyodaka (rain water or pure water), Ksheera (milk), Kshoudra (honey), Dadima - Pomegranate - Punica granatum and Saindhava - Rock Salt (salt) can be consumed habitually. 42 - 43. Page No. 123 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="233.5,161.2,252.7,161.3,251.9,174.1,251.9,174.1" i="#31836">lean person. Honey mixed water is the ideal after drink for obese person. Meat soup is good after drink for the emaciated, Wines are ideal after a meal of meat and to those who have poor digestive capacity; Milk is best suited just as nector for those who are debilitated by diseases, medicines (and therapies), walking long distances, speaking, sexual intercourse, fasting, exposure to sun and such other tiresome activities; for the emaciated, the aged, and children. 47- 50. An ideal Anupana विपरीतं यदन्नस्य गुणैः स्यादविरोधि च अनुपानं समासेन, सर्वदा तत्प्रशस्यते An ideal Anupana ( after-drink) is that which has properties opposite of those of the foods but not incompatible with them; such an after- drink is always valuable. 51. Benefits of Anupana: अनुपानं करोत्यूर्जां तृप्तिं व्याप्तिं दृढाइगताम् अन्नसड्घातशैथिल्यविक्लित्तिजरणानि च Anupana - after - drink invigorates, gives contentment, helps proper movement of food inside, stability of the body parts; loosening of hard masses of food, their proper liquification (moistening) and digestion. 52. Contra indication for Anupana - नोर्ध्वजत्रुगदश्वासकासोर: क्षतपीनसे गीतभाष्यप्रस्ड्गे च स्वरभेदे च तद्धितम् It is not good in diseases of the organs above the shoulders (ear, nose, throat, eyes and brain related diseases), dyspnoca (COPD, Asthma), cough, injury to chest (lungs), rhinitis, for those engaged in singing and speaking and in hoarseness of voice. 53. प्रक्लिन्नदेहमेहाक्षिगलरोगव्रणातुराः पानं त्यजेयुः Page No. 125 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#32255">The 9th chapter of Ashtanga Hrudaya Sutrasthana is called as Dravyadi Vijnaneeya Adhayaya, It explains about substances and its qualities, how a medicinal substance brings about action etc. Importance of the substance - Dravya Pradhanya द्रव्यमेवरसादीनांश्रेष्ठं, तेहितदाश्रयाः Dravya - (substance / mass of the substance) is the most important factor among Rasa (tastes) and other qualities; because all of these qualities are residing in the substance only. पञ्चभूतात्मकं तत् Dravya/Mass is composed of five basic elements. तत्तुक्ष्मामधिष्ठाय जायते अम्भुयोन्यग्निपवननभसां समवायतः तन्निर्वृत्तिर्विशेषश्च व्यपदेशस्तु भूयसा It has Kshma - solidity as its substratum, it takes origin from Ambu (Ap Bhuta - water element), Agni (Tejas Bhuta - Fire element), Pavana (Vayu Bhuta - air element) and Nabhas (Akasha Bhuta - ether element), with their intimate and inseparable combination. Its identification/designation is decided by the predominance of particular element in the Dravya (mass / substance). 1-2. Notes :- Panchabhuta refers to five basic elements - Earth (solid), Water, Fire, Air and Ether. As per a philosophy, called as Sankhya philosophy, every substance on earth is composed of these five basic elements, in different proportions. The dominant part of the basic element decides the nature of the substance. Five Basic elements - Prithvi - Earth - Gandha (smell) is the special quality, Guru (heaviness), Khara (roughness), Kathina (hard) ete are its general qualities. Ap-Water - Rasa (taste) is its special quality, Tejas - Fire - Rupa (appearance) is its special quality Vayu - Air - Sparsha (touch) is its special quality Akasha - Ether - Shabda (sound) is its special quality Page No. 127 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="321.4,269.1,339.0,269.1,339.0,282.4,339.0,282.4" i="#32679">five kinds. Rasa - Anurasa - (Primary and secondary tastes) :- तस्मान्नैकरसं द्रव्यं भूतासड्घातसंभवात् नैकदोषास्ततो रोगास्तत्र व्यक्तो रसः स्मृतः 3 Taste in a substance also arises out of Pancha mahabhuta (5 element) combination. Hence, because of the combination of the elements, there is no substance having only one taste. Similarly, there is no disease arising out of a single Dosha. Any disease will have involvement of more than one Dosha. Taste (rasa) is of two types. Primary taste (Rasa) - the taste that is perceived clearly. The one that manifests clearly in a substance. अव्यक्तोअनुरस: किञ्चिदन्ते व्यक्तोअपि चेष्यते Secondary taste (Anurasa) - which are not clearly manifest or which are recognized at the end. गुर्वादयोगुणा द्रव्ये पृथिव्यादौ रसाश्रये ४ रसेषु व्यपदिश्यन्ते साहचर्योपचारतः Guru (heaviness) etc qualities present in the Prithvi (earth) etc substances of are residing in the taste of the substance); Qualities of a substance are ascribed to the taste because of their intimate co-existence. Page No. 128 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#33094">129 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="400.8,603.9,440.7,604.0,440.7,617.9,440.7,618.0" i="#33504">qualities as Veerya (potency). Because, though substances are of many kinds and qualities, only fire and water (Agni and Soma) are the powerful ones. 17-18. Page No. 131 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.992" b="48.1,455.4,59.7,455.5,58.7,470.2,58.7,470.0" i="#33916">In case of combination of two opposite qualities, the strong one vanquishes the weak. 2312 - 24. रसं विपाकस्तौ वीर्य प्रभावस्तान्यपोहति बलसाम्ये रसादीनामिति नैसर्गिक बलम् When two opposing qualities are present in equal strength, in that situation, Vipaka (taste conversion after digestion) wins over Rasa (taste); Veerya (potency) wins over (Rasa (taste) and Vipaka and Prabhava (special effect) wins over all of them (Rasa, Vipaka and Veerya) This is the pattern of natural strength. 25. Prabhava - special effect :- रसादिसाम्ये यत् कर्म विशिष्टं तत् प्रभावजम् Special action exhibited by a substance over-ruling Rasa (taste), Guna (qualities), Vipaka (taste conversion after digestion) and Veerya (potency) is Prabhava, Page No. 133 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#34335">and bheda means types. This chapter discusses in detail regarding the types of tastes and their properties. Tastes - Types and introduction Origin of taste - Rasa utpatti - क्ष्माम्भो अग्नि क्ष्मा अम्बुतेज: ख वायु अग्न्यनिलगोनिलैं: द्वयोल्बणैः क्रमात् भूतैः मधुरादि रसोद्रवः १ The tastes are formed due to the combination of two Bhutas (primary elements). Madhura (sweet) - Prithvi + Ap (earth + water) Amla (sour) Lavana (salt) - Tejas + Ap (fire + water) - Ap + Tejas (water + fire) Tikta (bitter) Katu (pungent) - Akasa + Vayu (ether + air) - Tejas + Vayu (Fire and air) Kashaya (astringent) - Prithvi + Vayu (earth + air) - 1. Characteristics of tastes - Rasa Lakshana - Swadu / Madhura (sweet) तेषां विद्यात्द्रसं स्वादुं यो वक्त्रमनुलिम्पति आस्वाद्यमानो देहस्य हलादनो अक्षप्रसादन: प्रियः पिपीलिकादीनम् Swadu / Madhura (sweet) is understood by its sticking in the oral cavity, providing a feeling of contentment and pleasure to the body and comfort to the sense organs. It is liked even by ants 2. Amla (sour) अम्ल:क्षालयते मुखम् हर्षणो रोमदन्तानां अक्षिभुवनिकोचन: Amla (sour) makes the mouth watery, causes horripilation, tingling of the teeth and leads to closing of the eyes and brows. 3. Page No. 135 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.991" b="415.7,712.3,441.6,712.4,440.7,726.2,440.7,726.4" i="#34746">milk, unites fractured bones. Page No. 136 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="124.0,304.5,164.0,304.2,163.7,319.1,163.7,319.3" i="#35159">स्नेहमेद: क्लेदोपशोषणः दीपनः पाचनो रुचयः शोधनो अन्नस्य शोषण: छिन्नाति बन्धान् स्रोतांसि विवृणोति कफापह: कुरुते सो अतियोगेन तृष्णां शुक्रबलक्षयम् मूच्छा आकुञ्चनं कम्पं कटिपृष्ठादिषु व्यथाम् Pungent cures diseases of throat, allergic rashes, leprosy and other skin diseases, Alasaka (a kind of indigestion), swelling (odema); reduces the swelling of the ulcers, dries up the unctuousness (greasiness), fat, and moisture (water); Pungent taste increases hunger, it is digestive, improves taste, Shodhana (cleansing, climinates the Dosas), dries up moisture of the food, breaks up hard masses, dilates (expands) the channels and balances Kapha. By over use, it causes thirst, depletion of Sukra (reproductive element, sperm) and strength, fainting (loss of consciousness) contractures, tremors and pain in the waist, back etc. 17 - 19. Actions of astringent taste - Kashaya Rasa Karma - कषायः पित्तकफहा गुरुरस् विशोधनः पीडनो रोपणः शीतः क्लेद मेदोविशोषण: आमसंस्तम्भनो ग्राहि रुक्षोअति त्वक्प्रसादन: Kashaya (astringent) balances Pitta and Kapha, it is not easily digestible; cleanses the blood, causes squeezing and healing of ulcers (wounds), has cold potency, dries up the moisture and fat, hinders the digestion of undigested food. Astringent taste is water absorbent, thereby causing constipation, drynessand cleanses the skin too much. Page No. 138 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

pageNum="140">

p="0.993" b="368.3,50.8,412.1,50.9,411.6,64.5,411.6,64.6" i="#35963">Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan General properties of tastes and exceptions :- Madhura मधुरं श्लेष्मलं प्रायो जीर्णाच्छालियवाहते मुद्गात् गोधूमतः क्षौद्रात् सिताया जाइगलामिषात् Generally, substances of sweet taste increase Kapha except old Shali (more than one year old rice) and Yava - Barley - Hordeum vulgare, Mudga (green gram), Godhuma (wheat), Kshaudra (honey), Sita (sugar) and meat of animals of desert - like lands. Amla प्रायो अम्लं पित्तजननं दाडिमामलकाहते Generally substances of sour taste aggravate Pitta, except Dadima - Pomegranate - Punica granatum and Amalaka (Indian gooseberry). Lavana अपथ्यं लवणं प्रायः चक्षुषःअन्यत्र सैन्धवात् Generally salts are bad for the eyes (vision) except Saindhava - Rock Salt. Tikta and Katu तिक्तं कटु च भूयिष्ठं अ्रुष्यं वातकोपनम् ऋते अमृतापटोलीभ्यां शुण्ठीकृष्णा रसोनतः Generally bitters and pungents are non-aphrodisiacs and aggravate (increase) Vata except for Amrita (Indian tinospora), Patoli, Shunthi (ginger), Krishna (long pepper) and Rasona - Garlic - Alium sativum. Kashaya कषायं प्रायशः शीतं स्तम्भनं चाभ्यां विना Astringents are usually cold (in potency) and obstructive - except Abhaya - Chebulic Myrobalan (fruit rind) - Terminalia chebula. 33- 351/2. Page No. 142 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="204.4,189.0,219.9,189.0,219.5,205.7,219.5,205.6" i="#36373">रस द्विके त्रिके स्वादुर्दशाम्ल: पटु त्रीन् पटुस्तिक्तं एककम् चतुष्केषु दश स्वादुश्चतुरो अम्ल: पटु: सकृत् पञ्चकेष्वेकमेवाम्लो मधुरः पञ्च सेवते द्रव्यमेकं षडास्वादामसंयुक्ताश्च षड्सा: Eliminating 1 rasa at each combination , the number of combination of 2 rasas each will be 15 In the combination of 3 rasas each , it will be 10 with svadu, 6 with amla, 3 with lavana, 1 with tikta total 20 In the combination of 4 rasas it will be 10 with svadu, 4 with amla, 1 with lavana total 15 In the combination of 5 rasas it will be 1 with amla, 5 with svadu total 6 In the combination of all the 6 rasas it will be one Each rasa individually will be 6 Thus forming 63 combinations in total षट् पञ्चका, षट् च प्रुथग्रसाः स्युश्चतुर्द्विकौ पञ्चदशप्रकारौ मेदास्त्रिका विंशतिरेकमेव द्रव्यं षडास्वादमिति त्रिषष्ठि Page No. 144 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="101.0,215,108.7,215,108.1,224.9,108.1,224.5" i="#36769">2. Madhura+ amla + lavana +katu 3. Madhura+ amla + lavana +kashaya 4. Madhura + amla + tikta+ katu 5. Madhura+ amla + tikta+ kashaya 6 Madhura+ amla + katu + kashaya 7. Madhura+ lavana + tikta + katu 8. Madhura+ lavana + tikta + kashaya 9. Madhura+ lavana+ katu + kashaya 10. Madhura + tikta + katu + kashaya 11. Amla+ lavana + tikta+katu 12. Amla+ lavana + tikta + kashaya 13. Amla+ lavana + katu + kashaya 14 Amla+ tikta + katu + kashaya 15. Lavana + tikta + katu + kashaya Combination of 5 tastes 1. Madhura + amla + lavana + tikta+ katu 2. Madhura + amla + lavana + tikta+kashaya 3. Madhura + amla + lavana +katu + kashaya 4. Madhura + lavana + tikta+ katu + kashaya 5. Madhura + amla + tikta+ katu + kashaya 6. Amla + lavana + tikta + katu + kashaya Combination of 6 tastes =1 1. Madhura + Amla + lavana + tikta + katu + kashaya ते रसानुरसतो रसभेदास्तारतम्यपरिकल्पनया च संभवन्ति गणनां समतीता दोषमेषजवशादुपयोज्या: These Rasa (primary tastes) and Anurasas (secondary tastes) in their proportional (more, moderate and less) combinations become innumerable. These are to be selected and used after considering the conditions of the Dosas and drugs (and therapies). 44. Thus ends the chapter entitled Rasabhediya, the tenth in Sutrasthana of Ashtangahurdayam. Page No. 146 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#37178">Vata causes enthusiasm, Vatha Dosha regulates respiration process, Regulates all locomotor movements, Regulates all activities of mind, initiation of natural urges (tears, faeces, urination, sneezing, coughing, vomiting yawning etc) speech, maintenance of the Dhatus (tissues) in their normalcy and proper functioning of the sense organs. Page No. 147 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="367,762,514,762,514,777,514,777" num="34">Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.959" b="83.8,615.2,121,615.8,121,630.7,121,630.7" i="#37979">लक्षयेत् दूषिकादीनपि मलान् बाहुल्यगुरुतादिभि: The increase of Dushika (excretion of the eyes) and other waste products are to be understood by nothing their increased quantity, heaviness (of their sites) and such other symptoms. 14. Page No. 151 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="354.2,516.3,367.1,516.3,367.1,530.3,367.1,530.4" i="#38388">the region of the heart and flanks. 21. Decrease of urine causes scanty urination, dysuria, urine discoloration or hematuria. 21/2. Decrease of sweat leads to falling of hair, stiffness of hair and cracking of the skin. 22. Decrease of Malas which are of little quantity is difficult to perceive, it should be inferred from the dryness, pricking pain, emptiness and tightness of their sites of production and elimination. 23. दोषादीनां यथास्वं च विद्याद् वृद्धिक्षयां भिषक् क्षयेण विपरीतानां गुणानां वर्धनेन च वृद्धिं मलानां सडगाच्च क्षयं चाति विसर्गत: Page No. 153 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#38806">of Dosha and Dhatu should be treated with Brimhana therapy (causing stoutening the body, increasing the quantity etc.) But in case of Vata, the order is reverse. If Vata is increased, then Brihmana therapy (nourishing therapy) should be adopted and if Vata decreases then Langhana therapy should be adopted. 28 - 29. विशेषाद्रक्तवृद्ध्युथान् रक्तसुतिविरेचनैः मांसवृद्धिभवान् रोगान् शस्त्रक्षाराग्निकर्मभि: स्थौल्यकार्श्योपचारेण मेदोजानस्थिसङ्ध्यात् जातान्क्षीरघृतैस्तिक्तसंयुतैर्बस्तिभिस्तथा विडवृद्धिजानतीसारक्रियया, विटृक्षयोद्गवान् मेषाजमध्यकुल्माषयवमाषद्वयादिभि: मूत्रवृद्धिक्षयोत्थांश्च मेहकृच्छ्रचिकित्सया व्यायामाभ्यञ्जनस्वेदमध्यैः स्वेदक्षयोद्गवान् In particular the disease arising from - increase of rakta should be treated with- a. blood letting and b. Purgations. Increase of mamsa by use of - a. sharp instruments (surgery), b. caustic alkalies and, c. fire cautery. Increase of medas by therapies indicated for obesity, and decrease by therapies indicated for emaciation. Decrease of asthi by enema therapy using - a. milk, b, ghee and, c. bitter drugs. Increase of vit / feces by the use of - a. abdominal viscera of ram or goat, b. half steamed pulses, c. barley and, d. the two varieties of masha etc. as food. Increase and decrease of mutra / urine - By adopting treatments indicated for diabetes and dysuria respectively. Decrease of sveda / sweat by adopting - a. physical exercises, b. oil bath, c. sudation therapies and d. use of wine. Page No. 155 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="133.2,623.8,155.6,623.7,155.6,639.9,155.6,640.0" i="#39220">भावा विविधा देहसंश्रयाः Ojas is the essence of the Dhatus; It is mainly located in the heart. It is present all over the body and regulates health. Page No. 156 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="279.1,334.1,315.6,334.2,315.1,347.9,315.1,348.0" i="#39630">produce signs and symptoms and when normal, they attend to their normal functions. 44. य एव देहस्य समा विवृद्धये त पव दोषा विषमा वधाय। यस्मादतस्ते हितचर्ययैवं क्षयाद्विवृद्धेरिव रक्षणीयाः ॥ ४५ ॥ The very same Doshas, which when normal, are the causes for growth of the body, become the causes for its destruction when abnormal. Hence by adopting suitable measures, the body should be protected from their decrease and increase 45, Thus ends the chapter called Doshadi Vijnaneeya Adhyaya. Page No. 158 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="105.2,660.4,145.2,660.1,144.9,674.1,144.9,674.3" i="#40029">memory (smruti) 5 Page No. 160 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="414.5,762.5,453.9,762.7,453.9,776.9,453.9,777.2" i="#40435">Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="354.6,92.5,391.5,92.6,391.5,106.2,391.5,106.3" i="#40843">increase of Pitta. Manda (viscous, mild) and other qualities like stickyness, stability ete, associated with cold bring about Pitta Shama- reduction back to normal. 20 Qualities that cause Chaya, Kopa and Shama of Pitta - शीतेन युक्ता: स्निग्धद्याः कुर्वते श्लेष्मणश्चयम् उष्णेन कोपं, तेनैव गुणा रुक्षादय: शमम् Snigdha -(unctuous, oily) and others -heaviness, stickiness, mild, etc along with cold quality causes Kapha chaya. (mild increase) Same Snigdha - unctuous, oily ete qualities associated with Usna - hot cause Kapha Kopa Manda- dull and others- rough, dry, clarity, movement, lightness associated with cold quality bring about Kapha Shama- reduction to normal. 21 Overall, Vata Dosha - Ushna (hot) + Ruksha (dryness) and associated qualities cause Vata Chaya Sheeta (cold) + Ruksha (dryness) and associated qualities cause Vata Kopa Ushna (hot) + Snigdha (unctuous, oily) and associated qualities cause Vata shama. Pitta Dosha Sheeta (cold) + Teekshna (piercing, strong) ete qualities cause Pitta Chaya Ushna (hot) + Teekshna (piercing, strong) etc qualities cause Pitta Kopa Sheeta (cold) + Manda (mild, dull) cause Pitta Shama. Kapha Dosha - Sheeta (Cold) + Snigdha (unctuous, oily) cause Kapha Chaya Ushna (hot) + Snigdha (unctuous, oily) cause Kapha Kopa Ushna (hot) + Rooksha (dryness) cause Kapha Shama Levels of Dosha Increase and Decrease Chaya चयो वृद्धि: स्वधाम्न्येव प्रद्वेषो वृद्धिहेतुषु २२ विपरीत गुणेच्छा च Chaya means slight increase of Dosha in its own place. It produces dislike against the things that would cause further increase of particular Dosha. It is a self defense mechanism of the body to avoid further increase of Dosha, which may lead to disease. 22 Page No. 165 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="48.8,607.1,70.6,607.0,69.7,620.1,69.7,620.0" i="#41247">Vata undergoes chaya (mild increase) during summer by the use of Plants possessing such as lightness, dryness etc. It is especially so, in the bodies of persons possessing such qualities. But during summer, Vata does not undergo profound increase due to the heat of the summer. (Remember, cold is a quality of vata). Hot is opposite to Vata, hence there is no increase by a large extent. Similarly, Pitta undergoes chaya in rainy season, because of production of Amla viplaka (sour taste at the end of digestion) of water and foods. But it does not undergo further increase in rainy season, because of coldness. (Remember, hot is the quality of Pitta) Coldness checks further increase of Pitta in rainy season. Page No. 166 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="176.2,133.3,236.6,133.2,236.6,147.3,236.6,147.2" i="#41665">involvement of sense organs / seasons / action leads to Dosha imbalance. It is explained further. Artha - Senses and their correlation :- हीनो अर्थेन इन्द्रियस्य अल्पः संयोग: स्वेन नैव वा अतियोगो अतिसंसर्ग: सूक्ष्म भासुरभैरवम् अत्यासन्न अतिदूरस्थं विप्रियं विकृतादि च यद्क्षणावीक्ष्यते रूपं मिथ्यायोगः स दारुण: एवामत्युच्च पत्यादीनिन्द्रियार्थान् यथायथम् विद्यात् Hinayoga - Poor association of sense organs - insufficient, inadequate, contact or non- contact with the objects of senses- sound, touch, sight, taste and smell with their respective sense organs. For example, not at all hearing to sounds, or living in a low lit area etc Atiyoga is over indulgence. Seeing objects which are very minute, bright etc, gazing for a very long time, hearing to loud music etc. Mithya Yoga - wrong indulgence with sense organs - seeing / hearing frightening, very close, very far, disliked and abnormal objects etc. 36-38 /2 Kala - seasons :- कालस्तु शीतोष्णवर्षाभेदस्त्रिधा मतः स हीनो हीनशीतादि: अतियोगो अतिलक्षण: मिथ्यायोगस्तु निर्दिष्टो विपरीतस्वलक्षण: Kala is of three kinds, cold, hot and rainy. Hinayoga of the Kala is - less cold in winter, less temperature in summer and less rain in rainy season. Atiyoga is - more rain in rainy season, more temperature in summer etc. Mithyayoga is manifestation of qualities opposites of the natural ones of the season. Example - rain during summer, cold weather during summer etc. 38 1/2 39 Page No. 168 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#42080">Madhyama rogamarga - it includes vital organs such as brain, heart, blood vessels, joints, nerves etc This concept is explained below in detail. Bahi Koshta / Bahi roga marga - External pathway - शाखा रक्तादयः त्वक् च बाह्यरोगायनं हि तत् ४४ तदाश्रया मषव्यङ्गगण्डालज्यर्बुदादयः बहिर्भागाश्च दुर्नामगुल्मशोफादयो गदा: ४५ Page No. 169 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="264.5,391.3,273.0,391.2,272.7,405.5,272.7,405.6" i="#42483">of increased Vayu-Vata. 49-50 Symptoms of Pitta increase - पित्तस्य दाहरागोष्मपाकिता: स्वेद: क्लेद: सृतिः कोथः सदनं मूर्च्छनं मदः कटुकाम्लौ रसौ वर्णः पाण्डुररुणवर्जितः Daha - burning sensation Raga - reddish discoloration Ushmapakita - heat, increase in temperature, formation of pus, ulcers Sveda - sweating Kleda - inflammation with wetness, moistness Sruti- inflammation with pus / oozing / secretions, exudation Kotha - putrefaction- decomposition Sadana - debility Murchana - fainting Mada - toxicity Katuka Amla Rasa - bitter and sour taste in the mouth Pandu Aruna Varjitaha - appearance of color other than yellowish white and crimson. 51- 52 1/2 Page No. 171 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="136.4,351.9,167.2,352.0,167.0,368.9,167.0,369" i="#42884">कर्मजः कर्मसङख्यात् गच्छत्युभयजन्मा तु दोषकर्मक्षयात्क्षयम् The Doshaja diseases get cured from indulgence in food, activities and medicine that have opposite qualities to the cause. Karmaja diseases get cured after the termination of the effects of such acts of previous / current lives. Dosha-Karmaja diseases get cured after the mitigation of Dosha and nullifying of effects of past deeds. 59 Two kinds of diseases - based on cause - Dvividha roga- द्विधा स्वपरतन्त्रत्वाद्याधयोअन्त्याः पुनर्द्विधा पूर्वजाः पूर्वरूपाख्या, जाताः पश्चादुपद्रवाः 1. Svatantra Roga यथास्वजन्मोपशयाः स्वतन्त्राः स्पष्टलक्षणाः विपरीतास्ततो अन्ये तु Svatantra Roga - independent/ primary - have their own specific causes, comforting methods and clearly manifest features. Page No. 173 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="429.9,92.4,466,92.4,466,106.9,466,106.8" i="#43296">patient Bala - strength of the patient Kala- scason, how old is the disease, age of the person etc. Anala- digestive power of the patient Prakriti- Body constitution, Vayas- age of the patient and disease, Satva- mind, tolerance capacity of the patient Satmya- The food and activities to which the patient is accustomed to. Ahara- food habits and Avastha- stages of the discases The physician should watch for above factors to decide and then only, the physician should decide on the aggravated Dosha and its appropriate treatment. Such a doctor will never commit mistakes in treatment. 67-68 गुर्वल्पव्याधिसंस्थानं सत्त्वदेहबलाबलात् दृश्यते अप्यन्यथाकारं तस्मिन्नवहितो भवेत् The symptoms may be affected by the disease and also by the mental status of the patient. The strength of the disease varies based on strength and weakness of the mind and body of the patient. Hence the physician should be very attentive. 69. गुरुं लघुमिति व्याधिं कल्पयेस्तु भिषग्ब्रुवः अल्पदोषाकलनया पथ्ये विप्रतिपद्यते The unintelligent physician, who determines a grievous disease as a mild one, goes wrong in treatment because of under estimating the condition the Dosha. 70 ततो अल्पमल्पवीर्य वा गुरुव्याधौ प्रयोजितम् उदीरयेत्तरां रोगान् संशोधनमयोगतः शोधनं त्वतियोगेन विपरीतं विपर्यये क्षिणुयान्न मलानेव केवलं वपुरस्यति He will administer drugs/ therapies in small doses. Such mild treatment causes worsening of the disease because of ineffective treatment. On the other hand, if the person over estimates the strength of the disease and over treats with Panchakarma and oral medicines, it will also trouble the health of the patient to a very great extent. 71-72 अतो अभियुक्त: सततं सर्वमालोच्य सर्वथा तथा युञ्जीत भेषज्यमारोग्याय यथा ध्रुवम् Hence the physician should constantly study the science, determine the exact condition of all factors, all the time and then administer appropriate medicines and treatments. 73 Page No. 175 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="67.3,307.0,82.0,307.1,81.9,321.3,81.9,321.2" i="#43714">25; Similarly in respect of kshaya they are 25. एकैकवृद्धिसमताक्षयैः षट् ते पुनश्च षट् एकक्षयद्वन्द्ववृद्धया सविपर्यया अपि ते In the combination of increase, normal and decrease of one dosha each will make up for 6 numbers Again they are 6 in the combination of decrease of 1 dosha and increase of 2 doshas भेदा द्विषष्टिनिर्दिष्टा: त्रिषष्टः स्वास्थ्यकारणम् The number of combinations of Dosha increase and decrease are 62. The 63"d is the condition, where all the Doshas are in equilibrium, which is called as the state of health. 78 संसर्गाद्रसरुधिरादिभिस्तथैषां दोषांस्तु क्षयसमताविवृद्धिभेदैः आनन्त्यं तरतभयोगतश्च यातान् जानीयादवहितमानसो यथास्वम् With the association of Rasa, Rakta etc and the level of increase or decrease of Doshas, there can be innumerable permutations and combinations. The physician should understand them by their features - signs and symptoms with an attentive mind.79 Thus ends the chapter known as Dosabhediya Adhyaya. 12h of Sutrasthana of Ashtanga Hridayam. Page No. 176 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="382.8,618.0,391.6,617.9,390.7,632.4,390.7,632.4" i="#44132">of fatty meat and oil- 1-3 Treatment for Pitta imbalance (increase) - Vriddha Pitta Chikitsa पित्तस्य स्पिष: पानं स्वादुशीतैः विरेचनम् स्वादुतिक्तकशायाणि भोजनानि औषदानि च ४ सुगन्धिशीतहृद्यानां गन्धानामुपसेवनम् ५ Page No. 177 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="46,358,275,358,275,374,275,373" num="19">मरुतो योगवाहित्वात, कफपित्ते तु शारद: ।।१४।। Generally the treatment for the combination of Vata and Pitta is similar to the regimen of summer- described in Chapter 3. For Kapha and Vata combination treatment, it is similar to the regimen of Vasanta- spring because Maruta- Vata is Yogavahi; Yogavahi means, Vata, when associated with Pitta, boosts Pitta Dosha, when it is associated with Kapha, it boosts Kapha Dosha. For the combination of Kapha and Pitta the treatment shall be similar to the regimen of Sarad- Autum.14 चय एव जयेद्दोषं कुपितं तु अविरोधयन् । सर्वकोपे बलीयांसं शेषदोष अविरोधतः ॥१५। The Doshas should be treated properly when there are in Chaya stage (mild increase) only. In their stage of Kopa (Dosha enhanced imbalance), they should be vanquished without opposing / interfering with one another Dosha. When there is simultaneous enhanced increase (Kopa) of all the three Doshas, the most powerful / most aggravated Dosha should controlled first, without opposing the remaining Doshas. 15 प्रयोग: शमयेव्याधिमेकं यो अन्यमुदीरयेत् ना असौ विशुद्ध: शुद्धस्तु शमयेद्यो न कोपयेत् That treatment which cures one disease and gives rise to another disease- sooner or later, is not Shuddha- pure/ good/appropriate; A pure treatment is that which cures one - diseases and does not give rise to another. 16 Page No. 179 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="46.9,564.2,57.9,564.2,58.4,577.6,58.4,577.6" i="#44953">of other Doshas and which is weak, Priority should also be given to that Dosha which, by its own strength overcomes other Doshas. Agantu Dosha - आगन्तुं शमयेद्दोषं स्थानिनं प्रतिकृत्य वा Foreign Dosha, should be treated either after treating the Sthanika (native Dosha) or even otherwise. The choice of Dosha, to be treated first depends on the level of aggravation and strength of Doshas. 20 Page No. 180 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.865" b="230.7,122.0,278,121.7,277.3,140,277.3,139.8" i="#45369">मूर्च्छनात् कोद्रवेभ्यो विषस्येव वदन्त्यामस्य सम्भवम् Other authors opine that Ama gets formed from intimate mixing with one another of greatly increased Doshas. 26 साम निरुक्ति आमेन तेन सम्पृक्ता दोषा दूष्याश्च दूषिता: सामा इत्युपदिश्यन्ते ये च रोगास्तदुद्गवा: The Doshas and Dusyas (the Dhatus and Malas) which get mixed with this Ama are designated as Sama - mixed with Ama; The diseases originating from this Saama dosha are called as Saama Vyadhi. 27 Saama Dosha chikitsa-treatment of Sama Doshas :- सर्वदेह प्रविसृतान् सामान् दोषान् न निर्हरेत् लीनान् धातुषु अनुत्क्लिष्टान् फलादामाद्रसानिव आश्रयस्य हि नाशाय ते स्युः दुर्निर्हरत्वतः The Sama Doshas which are spread all over the body, which are lurking in the Dhatus and which are not moving out of their places of accumulation, should not be forced out by purification Panchakarma therapies like emesis, purgations etc. Just as attempts of extracting juice from an unripe fruit leads to destruction, the dwelling place itself will get destroyed if Doshas are tried to expel out along with Ama. 28 Right approach in Sama Dosha treatment - Sama Doshas should be treated पाचनैदीपनै: स्नेहैस्तान् स्वेदैश्च परिष्कृतान् शोधयेत् शोधनैः काले यथासन्नं यथाबलम् - first with drugs which are digestive and which increase hunger; - next with oleation and sudation therapies (Snehana, Svedana) and - finally they should be expelled out with Shodhana therapies- emesis, purgation at the proper time, and in accordance with the strength of the patient. 29 हत्याशु युक्तं वक्त्रेण द्रव्यमामाशयान्मलान् घ्राणेन चोर्ध्वजत्रूत्थान् पक्वाधानाद्गुदेन च Page No. 182 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.996" b="200.6,438.6,222.2,438.6,221.8,456.2,221.8,455.9" i="#45789">आशु निर्हरेत् Vata which undergoes mild increase (Chaya) in Greeshma (summer) should be removed from the body (by basti- enema) in Shravana masa (August) Pitta which undergoes mild increase in Varsha (rainy season), should be expelled out of the body in kartika Month (by Virechana - purgation) Kapha which undergoes mild increase in Shishira (winter) should be expelled out in Chaitra month (April) by Vamana. 33 अत्युष्णवर्षशीता हि ग्रीष्मवर्षाहिमागमा: सन्धौ साधारणे तेषां दुष्टान् दोषान् विशोधयेत् Greeshma, Varsa and Hemanta [summer, rainy season and winter]- have too much of heat, rain and cold respectively; in the period in between these, known as Sadharana Kala; the Doshas should be cleared out. 34 कृत्वा शीतोष्णवृष्टीनां प्रतीकारं यथायथम् प्रयोजयेत्क्रियां प्राप्तं क्रियाकालं न हापयेत् After having overcome the effects of cold, hot and rainy seasons suitably- by adopting appropriate protective methods necessary treatment - therapies should be administered; Page No. 183 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#46210">at the end of evening meal. 5. Kavalantare - in between morsels - in disorders of Prana- vata 6. Grase Grase - With each morsel - in anorexia, loss of taste it shall be mixed with different kinds of tasty foods 7. Muhu: - Repeatedly, many a times a day - in diseases produced by poison, vomiting, hiccup, thirst, dysponea and cough 8. Sa annam - Mixed with food - in anorexia 9. Samudgam- before and after food - in tremors, Akshepaka (convulsions), Hiccup, 10 Nishi - at night, bed time - for diseases affecting head and neck. 37 Thus ends 13th chapter. Page No. 184 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="92.3,220.7,138.0,221.2,138.0,233.4,138.0,233.4" i="#46625">decoction enema, Vamana- emesis, vomiting therapy Kaya reka- Virechana - purgation for the body Shio reka - Shiro Virechana - nasya - purgation for the head, nasal instillation of medicines, Asra-visruti - Raktamokshana - blood letting .5 न शोधयति यद्देषान् समानोदीरयत्यापि समीकरोति विषमान् शमनं तच्च सप्तधा पाचनं दीपनं क्षुत्तृइव्यायामातपमारुता: Shamana - palliative treatment is that which does not expel the increased Doshas out of the body, it does not increase the normal Dosha, but makes the abnormal- Doshas normal. In short, Shamana treatment brings imbalanced Dosha to normalcy. Shamana 7 types - Pachana - digestive, carminatives, Deepana - hunger producing, stomachic, Kshut- withstanding hunger, avoidance of food, fasting Trut- withstanding thirst/avoidance of water drinking, avoiding liquid food intake Vyayama- physical activity, Aatapa- exposure to sunlight and Maruta- exposure of breeze. 6-6 /2 बृंहणं शमनं त्वेव वायोः पित्तानिलस्य च Brimhana- stoutening therapy also is Shamana only because it alleviates/ mitigates both Vata and Vata Pitta- combination. 7 Page No. 186 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="291.5,187.4,320.1,187.4,319.8,201.9,319.8,201.9" i="#47012">sugar, ghee, enema prepared sweet substances and fats(oil, ghee), sleep, comfortable bed, oil- massage, bath, comforts, rest and happiness of the mind. 8-9 1% Persons requiring thinning therapy - Langhaneeya - मेहामदोषअतिस्निग्धज्वर उरुस्तम्भकुष्ठिन: १० विसर्पविद्रधिप्लीहशिरकण्ठाक्षिरोगिण: स्थूलांश्च लड्घयेन्नित्यं शिशिरे तु अपरानपि ११ Langana- thinning, slimming therapy should be doneto Mcha - diabetics Amadosha - persons suffering from Ama Atisnigdha -who has undergone excess oleation treatment Jvara - fever Urustambha - stiffness of the thighs, Kushta - skin discases Visarpa - herpes, Vidhradi - abscess, Plecha - diseases of spleen, Shira, Kanta Akshi roga - head, throat, and eyes; Sthula - Those are obese Even to others during Shishira - winter, Langhana treatment should be done. 10-11 Indication for Langhana therapy by means of Shodhana (Panchakarma) - तत्र संशोधनै: स्थौल्यबलपित्तकफाधिकान् आमदोषज्वरच्छर्द्दिरतीसारहदामयैः विबन्धगौरवोद्गारहल्लासादिभिरातुरान् मध्यस्थौल्यादिकान् प्रायः पूर्व पाचनदीपनैः एभिरेवामयैरार्तान् हीनस्थौल्यबलादिकान् क्षुत्तृष्णानिग्रहैर्दोषैस्त्वार्तान् मध्यबलैर्दृढान् समीरणातपायासैः किमुताल्पबलैर्नरान् Page No. 188 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47.9,714.4,85.0,714.4,84.5,728.1,84.5,727.6" i="#47421">Feeling of lightness of the body, Good taste perception, Appearance of hunger and thirst together, Page No. 189 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="476.9,509.7,497,509.7,497,522.4,497,522.5" i="#47820">two Brihati(brihati and kantakari), Hapusa, root of Patha (Cyclea peltata) and of Kebuka, should be mixed with honey, ghee and oil in equal proportion and sixteen parts of saktu (corn flour), this mixture diseases- mentioned earlier and even others of similar nature such as heart diseases, Jaundice, Leucoderma, Dyspnoea, cough, obstruction in the throat- hoarseness of voice etc. improves powder of thinking, intelligence, memory and kindles the weakened fire- digestive activity. 25-28 Atilanghana- excess of thinning therapy :- अतिकाश्ये भ्रमः कासस्तृष्णाधिक्यमरोचकः स्नेहाग्निनिद्रादृक्श्रोत्रशुक्रौज: क्षुत्स्वरक्षयः बस्तिइन्मूर्धजड्घोरुत्रिकपार्श्वरुजा ज्वर: Page No. 191 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="185.8,155.9,206.7,156.0,206.2,171.6,206.2,171.7" i="#48231">अपि गदा इव Though the states of Doshas are innumerable and innumerable are the kinds of treatments such as Grahi - withholding etc, still they do not surpass these two kinds- Brimhana and Langhana, just as the diseases- though innumerable fall into two kinds only, viz Sama and Nirama. (with and without Ama) Hrudaya Thus ends the chapter named Dvividhopakrmaniya- the fourteenth of Sutrasthana of Astanga Page No. 193 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="283.5,376.0,311.0,375.9,310.8,389.9,310.8,390.0" i="#48640">Gana, the two Sthira, Padmaka, Vanya and drugs of Sarivadi Gana bring about decrease of pitta. 6 Kaphaghna Gana- group which balance Kapha :- कफघ्न गण आरग्वधादिरर्कादिर्मुष्ककाध्योअसनादिक: सुरसादि: समुस्तादिर्वात्सकादिर्वालासजित् Drugs of Aragvadhadi, Arkadi, Muskakadi, Asanadi, Surasadi, Mustadi, and Vatskadi Ganas- brings about decrease of Balasa- Kapha .7 Jeevaniya Gana :- group of restoratives :- जीवन्ति काकोल्यौ मेदे द्वे मुद्गमाषपण्यों च ऋषभकजीवकमधुकं चेति गणो जीवनीयास्य Jeevanti, the two Kakoli (Kakoli and Ksheerakakoli), the two Meda (Meda and Mahameda), Mudagaparni, Masaparni, Rishabhaka, Jeevaka, and Madhuka - is known as Jivaniya Gana- group of restoratives. 8 Page No. 195 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.991" b="184.3,125.3,230.4,125.4,229.9,140.7,229.9,140.8" i="#49029">Padmaka, Arista, Dhanyaka and Raktachandana पित्तश्लेष्मज्वरच्छर्दिदाहतृष्णाघ्नमग्निकृत् Mitigate Pita and Kapha, cure fever, vomiting, burning sensation, thirst and improves digestion. 16 Aragwadhadi Gana :- आरग्वधेन्द्रयवपाटलिकाकतिक्तनिम्बामृतामधुरसासुववृक्षपाठा: Aragvadha, Indrayava, Patali, Kakatikta, Nimba (neem), Amrita, Madhurasa, Sruvavrka, Patha, Bhunimba, Sairyaka, Patola, the two Karanja (Karanja and Latakaranja), Saptachada, Agni (Chitraka), Susavi, Phala, Bana, and Ghonta- आरग्वधादिर्जयति छद्दिकुष्ठविषज्वरान् कफं कण्डूं प्रमेहं च दुष्टव्रणविशोधनः this Aragvadhadi group cures vomiting, skin diseases poison, fevers, Mitigate kapha, itching, diabetes, and cleanses bad wounds. 17-18 Asanadi Gana- असनतिनिशमूर्जश्वेतवाहप्रकीर्या: खदिरकदरभण्डीशिंशिपामेषशृङ्ग्य: त्रिहिमतलपलाशाजोङ्गक: शाकशालक्रमुकधवकलिङ्गच्छागकर्णाश्वकर्णा: Asana, Tinisa, Bhurja, Swetavaha, Prakiya, khadria, Kadara, Bhandi, Simsipa, Mesasrngi, the three Hima, tala Palasa, Jongaka Saka, Sala , Kramuka, Dhava, Kalinga, Chagakarna, and Asvakarna- असनादिर्विजयते श्वित्रकुष्ठकफक्रिमीन् पाण्डुरोगं प्रमेहं च मेदोदोषनिर्बहण: this asanadi group cures leucoderma, skin diseases, mitigates kapha ,cures diseases and other skin diseases, mitigates kapha, cures diseases of worms, Anaemia, diabetes and diseases of fat accumulation 19-20 Page No. 198 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47.4,482.3,87.6,482.5,87.5,496.3,87.5,496.0" i="#49420">cleanses the Ulcers. 28-29 Surasadi Gana- सुरसयुगफणिज्जं कालमाला विडड्गं खरवुसवृषकर्णीकट्फलं कासमर्द: क्षवकसरसिभार्ड्गीकार्मुका: काकमाची कुलहलविषमुष्टीभूस्तृणोभूतकेशी The two Surasa, Phanijja, Kalamala, Vidanga, Kharabusa, Vrsakarni, Katphala, Kasamarda, Ksavaka, Sarasi, Bharngi, Karmuka, Kakamaci, Kulahala, Visamusti, Bhutrna, Bhutakesi सुरसादिर्गण: श्लेष्ममेद: कृमिनिषूदन: प्रतिश्यायारुचिश्वासकासघ्नो व्रणशोधन: this surasadi Gana mitigates Kapha, fat, worms, common cold, Anorexia, Dyspoea, cough and cleanses the wounds. 30-31 Page No. 200 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

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b="47,591,334,591,334,605,334,605" num="27">Taila (oil) - are considered best among oleating substances; Among these, Ghee is the best. Because, Madhura - sweet in taste Avidahi - it does not cause burning sensation Janmadyeva sheelanat - it is congenial to the body since birth. 2 - 3a. पित्तघ्नास्ते यथापूर्वमितरघ्ना यथोत्तरम् Among them, Ghee is the most efficient for Pitta balance and Taila is the least efficient for the same. 3b. Page No. 204 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.986" b="126.8,329.8,177.4,329.6,177.1,345,177.1,344.9" i="#50619">intelligent, memory, intelligence etc. 8b. Taila Yogya: ग्रन्थिनाडीकृमिश्लेष्ममेदोमारुतरोगिषु तैलं लाघवदार्दयार्थिक्रूरकोष्ठेषु देहिषु Taila (oil) is suited in diseases like Granthi - tumour, Nadi roga - sinus ulcer Krumiroga - worm infestation Shleshmaroga - diseases of Kapha imbalance Medoroga - obesity Marutaroga - Diseases due to imbalance of Vata for those who desire thinning and sturdyness of the body, and who have hard bowel movements. 9. Vasa Majja Yogya: वातातपाध्वभारस्त्रीव्यायामक्षीणधातुषु रुक्षक्लेशक्षमात्यग्निवातावृतपथेषु शेषौ, वसा तु संध्यस्थिमर्मकोष्ठरुजासु च तथा दग्धाहतभ्रष्टयोनिकर्णशिरोरुजि Vasa and Majja - Muscle-fat and marrow are suited for persons Vatatapa - who are depleted of their tissues from exposure to breeze, sunlight, long distance Page No. 206 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#51031">of different tastes and separately, without admixture, it will be sixty four number of recipes. Sneha Vicharana - use of fat mixed with foods is poor - mild in effect because of its mingling with other materials and also because of lesser quantity. 15b - 16a. यथोक्तहेत्वभावाच्च नाच्छपेयो विचारणा ॥ १६ । स्नेहस्य कल्पः स श्रेष्ठः स्नेहकर्माशुसाधनात्। Acchapeya of Sneha - means consuming the oils / fats without mixing with food. Sneha Vicharana means - consuming after mixing with food items. Acchapeya method of administering fats is considered best as it serves the function of fats and lubrication quickly, 16b - 17a. Acchapanamatra - dose of fats for drinking :- द्वाभ्यां चतुर्भिरष्टाभिर्यामैर्जीर्यन्ति यः क्रमात् ह्स्वमध्योत्तमा मात्रास्तास्ताभ्यश्च हसीयसीम् कल्पयेद्वीक्ष्य दोषादीन् प्रागेव तु ह्रसीयसीम् The dose of fats depends upon the digestive activity of the patient. The heena matra (least dose) is the one, which digests in 2 yaama (1 yaama = 3 hours) The medium dose (Madhyama matra) is the one, which undergoes digestion in 3 yama (9 hours) The high dose (Uttama matra) is the one, which undergoes digestion in 4 yama (12 hours). Hraseeyasi matra - the minimum quantity should be administered in the beginning after considering the condition of Dosha etc. 17b - 18. The Hraseeyasi matra is the very little quantity of sneha, that is given to the patient, just to judge the digestive strength. After judging the digestion power, the right dose of the fat is decided. Snehapanavidhi - procedure of drinking fat :- हयस्तने जीर्ण एवान्ने स्नेहो अच्छः शुद्धये बहु: For Shodhana - As a preparation procedure to Panchakarma therapy, Acchasneha - drinking of fat alone should be soon after digestion of previous food and in maximum dose. शमनः क्षुद्वतो अनन्नो मध्यमात्रश्च शस्यते Page No. 208 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#51457">Doshas; during hot season and for the emaciated. 20-21. प्राङ्मध्योत्तरभक्तो असावधोमध्योध्वादेहजान् व्याधीञ्जयेद्बलं कुर्यादङ्गानां च यथा क्रमम् If fats are used before food, it is useful in the treatment of diseases affecting the lower part of the body. It strengthens the upper part of the body. If fats are used during the food intake, it is useful in the treatment of diseases affecting the middle part of the body. It strengthens the middle part of the body. If fats are used after the food intake, it is useful in treating the diseases of the upper part of the body. It strengthens the lower part of the body.22. Care after drinking fats - Sneha upachara - वायुर्ष्णमच्छे अनुपिबेत् स्नेहे तत्सुखपक्तये आस्योपलेपशुद्ध्यै च, तौवरारुष्करे न तु जीर्णाजीर्णविशड्कायां पुनरुष्णोदकं पिबेत् तेनोद्गारविशुद्धि: स्यात्ततच्च लघुता रुचि: After Acchapana - (drinking of fat alone), warm water should be consumed. It helps in digestion and clears the mouth coating. But while taking Tuvaraka taila or Arushkara taila (very hot in nature), cold water is preferred. In case of doubts regarding digestion of the fat, warm water should be consumed again; Purification, clear belching, feeling of lightness in the body and desire for food - these 3 symptoms suggest that the fat has been completely digested. 23 - 24. Page No. 209 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#51878">विरिक्तवत् In case of Shamana Sneha - palliative oleation therapy the regimen as suggested for the person who has undergone purgation therapy - vide chapter 18 should be adopted. 29a. Acchapana Kala - duration of fat drinking :- त्रयहमच्छं मृदौ कोष्ठे क्रूरे सप्तदिनं पिबेत् सम्यक्स्निग्धो अथवा यावदतः सात्म्यी भवेत्परम् Acchapana - drinking fat alone should be done for three days for - persons of soft bowels (Mrudu koshta), for seven days for persons of hard bowels (Krura koshta) or till the symptoms of good oleation Page No. 210 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="184.1,221.1,226.1,221.2,225.7,234.9,225.7,235.0" i="#52289">followed after Snehana - स्निग्धद्रवोष्णधन्वोत्थरसभुक स्वेदमाचरेत् स्निग्धस्त्र्यहं स्थितः कुर्याद्विरेकं, वमनं पुनः एकाहं दिनमन्यच्च कफमुत्क्लेश्य तत्करैः The patient should drink juice of meat of animals of desert - like regions, mixed with fats, made liquid - thin and warm, then undergo sudation therapy; after three days of such regimen, he should be administered purgation therapy, after a lapse of one day, Kapha should be increased by using things- food, drugs etc. which cause its increase and then emesis - therapy should be administered. 36- 37a. मांसला मेदुरा भूरिश्लेष्माणो विशभाग्नय: स्नेहोचिताश्च ये स्नेह्यास्तान् पूर्व रूक्षयेत्ततः संस्नेह्य शोधयेदेवं स्नेहव्यापन्न जायते अलं मलानीरयितुं स्नेहाश्चासात्म्यतां गतः Persons who are muscular, fatty, having Kapha imbalance, and erratic type of digestive activity, who are accustomed to fats and who need oleation therapy, should be made to become dry first - by use of foods, drugs etc. and then administered oleation therapy followed with purification therapies; by this procedure complications of oleation will not arise. This method is enough to excite the vitiated Dosha to be eliminated 37b - 39a. Sadya sneha Yoga - recipes for immediate oleation :- बालवृद्धादिषु स्नेहपरिहारासहिष्णुषु योगानिमाननुद्धेगान् सद्य: स्नेहान् प्रयोजयेत् For children, the aged etc., for those who cannot withstand the discomforts or avoidance of things prohibited during of oleation therapy, can be administered the following recipes which are Sadya sneha - immediate oleation/ lubrication and which are non-harming. 39. Page No. 212 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#52707">over the body first and later undergoes transformation. 43a. Contra indication for certain substances in certain diseases - गुडानूपामिषक्षीरतिलमाषसुरादधि कुष्ठशोफप्रमेहेषु स्नेहार्थ न प्रकल्पयेत् For the purpose of Sadya snehana, Jaggery, meat of birds of marshy lands, milk, sesame seed, black gram, Sura - beer and Dadhi- curds, yogurt should not be used for purposes of oleation in skin diseases (kushta), inflammatory conditions (Shopha) and diabetes (Prameha), Because these substances may worsen the disease. 43b - 44a. त्रिफलापिप्पलीपथ्यागुग्गुल्वादिविपाचितान् स्नेहान् यथास्वमेतेषां योजयेदविकारिण: In these conditions, fats boiled with Triphala, Pippali, Pathya, Guggulu, etc., should be used as found suitable, which will not produce abnormalities. 44 - 45a. Page No. 213 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="110.7,648.6,168.9,648.3,168.1,666.6,168.1,666.0" i="#53120">श्लेष्मसंसुष्टे सुरसादिभि: पित्तेन पद्मकाध्यैस्तु साल्वणाख्यैः पुनः पुनः each one added with more of salt, fats-oil ghee ete, Chukra- Vinegar, Takra-Buttermilk and milk. in increase of vata associated with sleshma / kapha drugs of HraTfa / surasaadi gana, in increase of vata associated with pitta drugs of padmakadi / ysif4 gana Page No. 215 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="48.8,318.2,107,317.9,107,332.9,107,332.7" i="#53535">स्वेदमाचरेत् Sweating should be administered to him who has been given Snehana- both internally- by drinking fats and externally- anointing oil over the body, who is staying in a room devoid of breeze and after his meal has been completely digested. 12 a व्याधि व्याधितदेस ऋतु वशान् मध्य्वरावरम् Sweating may be mild, moderate or strong depending upon the condition of the disease, Patient, habitat and season. 12b कफार्तो रुक्षणं रूक्षो, Person suffering from diseases of Kapha should be given sweating treatment in dry condition- without the use of fat internally and externally and with dry liquid - without addition of fats; रूक्ष: स्निग्धं कफानिले In case of Kapha and Vata- increased together the patient should be in dry condition and liquid mixed fats - should be used for sweating. 13 a आमाशयगते वायौ कफे पक्वाशयाश्रिते रूक्षपूर्व तथा स्नेहपूर्व स्थानानुरोधित: When vata is localized in the Amashaya- stomach dry sweating should be given. When Kapha is localized in Pakvasaya- (intestines), oil-sweating should be given. 13b-14 a अल्पं वड्क्षणायो: स्वल्पं दृक् मुष्क हृदये न वा Sweating should be very mild / nil over the groins and also on the eye, scrotum and heart. 14b Page No. 217 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47.9,685.0,94.7,685.0,94.6,699.3,94.6,699.3" i="#53954">Generally substances which are heavy, penetrating and hot in potency are used Swedana therapy. Substances of opposite are used in Sthambhana (withholding ,hindrances to elimination) Drugs which are liquid, sthira - static, mobile, unctous, dry and penetrating bring about sweating. Those which are smooth, dry, thin, mobile and liquid, bitter, Astringent and sweet in taste are generally Stambhana 18-19 Page No. 218 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="46.5,552.6,118.9,552.6,118.9,569.8,118.9,569.3" i="#54350">उपनाहहवक्रोधो भूरिपानं क्षुधा आतप: Sweating without source of fire is suitable in diseases of vata enveloped by Medas and Kapha. Nivata sadana - Staying in air tight room, Ayasa - stressful physical activity, Gurupravarana - covering oneself with thick blankets Bhaya - fear, Upanaha - bandaging wrapping with cloth etc. Fighting, wrestling Krodha - anger Bhuripana - excess drinking of water Kshudha - withholding hunger Atapa - Sun exposure - 28-29a Page No. 220 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.991" b="106.8,700.9,113.6,700.9,113.4,714.1,113.4,714.1" i="#54758">- diseases affected neck and above region 1b-2b Page No. 222 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#55153">with purgation therapy. 8-10a Those diseases are - Kushta - skin diseases Meha - diabetes, urinary tract disorders Apachi, Granthi - Goitre, tumour, fibroid Shleepada - Elephantiasis, Filariasis Unmada - Schizophrenia Kasa - cough, cold Shwasa - Chronic Respiratory tract disease, Asthma Hrullasa - nausea Visarpa - herpes Stanyadosha - vitiated breast milk Urdhvaroga - diseases affected neck and above region Page No. 224 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#55558">drug is administered sanctifying it with the following hymn- "Let Brahma, Daksa, Ashvinis, Rudra, Indra, the Earth, Moon, Sun, Air, Fire, Sages, comity of herbs, and of living beings protect you; let this medicine be to you like Rasayana for the Sages, Nector for gods and Sudha for the good serpents; Om, Salutations to the medicine." Uttering these hymns, he should drink the medicine, facing east. 12-18a Note: The medicine given for Vamana depends on the disease. It usually contains Madanaphala (Randia spinosa), Licorice etc. Various combinations of Vamana drugs are discussed in a later chapter. Vamana Vidhi - Procedure of Vamana - पीतो मुहूर्तमनुपालयेत् तन्मना: जातइल्लासप्रसेकश्च्छर्द्दयेत्ततः अङ्गुलिभ्यां अनायस्तो नालेन मृदुना अथवा गालताल्वरुजन् वेगान् अप्रवृत्तान् प्रवर्तयन् प्रवर्तयन् प्रवृत्तांश्च जानुतुल्यासने स्थितः उभे पार्श्वे ललाटं च वमतश्चास्य धारयेत् प्रपीडयेत्तथा नाभि पुष्टं च प्रतिलोमतः After consuming the medicine, he should await for one Muhurta - 48 minutes for the commencement of vomiting, with keen intent. With the appearance of oppression in the chest and salivation he should try to vomit If the bouts are not coming up easily, he should tickle his throat either with his fingers or a soft tube without injuring the throat, Sitting on a seat of the height of one knee, the bouts of vomiting should be held supported by His umbilical region and back should be massaged in upward direction. 18-21a another person. कफे तीक्ष्नोष्णकटुकैः पित्ते स्वादुहिमैरिति वमेत् स्निग्धाम्ललवणैः संसृष्टे मरुता कफे Page No. 226 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="154.6,491.9,200.0,491.7,199.5,507.7,199.5,507.6" i="#55977">चावस्थानं च स्वयं भवेत् वैपरीत्यमयोगानां न चातिमहती व्यथा सम्यक् योगे Kapha, Pitta and vata coming out in successive order, without any hindrance, calmness of the mind and cessation of vomit bouts on its own, absence of features of inadequate bouts and feeling of not too much of discomfort are the features of samyagyoga- proper bout.25a अतियोगे तु फेनचन्द्ररक्तवत् वमितं क्षामता दाहः कण्ठशोषस्तमो भ्रमः घोरा वायु आमया मृत्यु जीवशोणित निर्गमनात् In Atiyoga- excess bouts the vomited materials will be frothy, with glistering particles and blood; Page No. 227 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="266.7,94.7,295.1,94.8,294.5,111.6,294.5,112.1" i="#56394">भवति क्रमेण महान् स्थिरः सर्वपचस्तथैव शुद्धस्य पेयादिभिरन्तरग्निः Just as a spark of fire after being fed by grass, powder of dry cow dung ete, gets augmented gradually and becomes great, steady, and capable of burning everything, similarly, the internal digestion fire, by the Samsarjana regimen, in the patient who has undergone Vamana karma, gains strength. 30 Vega Samkhya- Mana- Number of Bouts and quantity :- जघन्यमध्यप्रवरे तु वेगाश्चत्वार इष्टा वमने षडष्टौ दशैव ते द्वित्रिगुणा विरेके प्रस्थस्तथा स्यादद्विचतुर्गुणश्च ३१ For Vamana, Heenayoga - Minimum bouts - 4 bouts Madhyama vega - Moderate - 6 bouts Atiyoga - Maximum bouts - 8 bouts For Virechana - Heenayoga - 10 bouts of purgation or half prastha of purgated material (384 grams) Madhyamayoga - 20 bouts - 1 prastha of material (768 grams) Atiyoga - 30 bouts. - 2 prastha (1,536 grams). 31 पित्तावसानं वमनं विरेकादर्द्ध, कफान्तं च विरेकमाहु: द्वित्रान् साविट्कानपनीय वेगान् मेयं विरेके, वमने तु पीतम् Vomiting therapy is allowed till the expulsions of pitta or half of purgations Purgation therapy is allowed till Kapha comes out; Measurement to be done after rejecting 2 - 3 bouts, containing faeces in case of Vamana and after rejecting the medicine- emetic Drug in case of Vamana, 32 Virechana Vidhi- Purgation therapy procedure - अथैनं वामितं भूयः स्नेहस्वेदोपपादितम् श्लेष्मकाले गते ज्ञात्वा कोष्ठं संयग्विरेचयेत् ३३ After Vamana therapy, patient is given Samsarjana regimen. After that, he is again given Snehana and Swedana treatment. After that, in the moring, after Kapha time has lapsed (after around 9 - 10 am,) Virechana drug should be given. should be given the Purgation medicine. The kind and quantity of purgation medicine should be determining the nature of his Kostha (alimentary tract, bowels). 33 Page No. 229 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="86.8,390.8,110.7,390.8,110.2,407.5,110.2,407.5" i="#56813">अल्पे दिने तस्मिन्भुक्त्वा अन्येध्यु: पुनः पिबेत् अदृढस्नेहकोष्ठस्तु पिबेदूर्ध्व दशाहतः भूयो अप्युपस्कृततनुः स्नेहस्वेदैर्विरेचनम् यौगिकं सम्यगालोच्य स्मरन्पूर्वमतिक्रमम् If, on the day of consuming the purgative drug, the patient responds poorly, he should be allowed to take his food on that day and the purgative drugs administered again on the next day; Persons who have unstable and unlubricated alimentary tract, should consume the purgative drugs after ten days - during which Snehana and sweating therapies should be done because the body which has been well prepared with Snehana and sweating therapies, will be able to have purgation properly; then the purgative drug should be administered after considering all aspects and remembering the procedures described earlier . 36b-38a Vishama Yogah - Abnormal bouts :- हतकुक्षि अशुद्धिरुचिरुत्क्लेशः श्लेष्मपित्तयोः ३८ कण्डूविदाह: पिटिका: पीनसो वातविडग्रह: अयोगलक्षणम् योगो वैपरीत्ये यथोदितान् ३९ विट्पित्तकफवातेषु निःसृतेषु क्रमात्स्वेत् Page No. 230 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="308.3,670.8,338.8,670.7,338.8,685.4,338.8,685.4" i="#57226">coated feeling in the gut, and if the digestion symptoms of previous food are not seen, the he should be made to fast. By this fasting he will not be harmed by the discomfort caused by the obstruction of Doshas, aggravated by oleation, Sweating therapies, 44-45a Page No. 231 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#57640">digestive capacity and Vanquish Kapha and Vata; afterwards he should be given purification therapies. 52 रुक्षबहूनिलक्रूरकोष्ठव्यायामशीलिनाम् दीप्ताग्नीनां च भेषज्यमविरेचैव जीर्यति येभ्यो बस्तिं पुरा दद्यात्ततः स्निग्धं विरेचनम् शकृन्निईर्त्य वा किञ्चितीक्ष्णाभिः फलवर्तिभि: प्रवृत्तं हि मलं स्निग्धो विरेको निर्हरेत्सुखम् In persons who are Rooksha (dry), who have great increase of Vata, who have hard natured Alimentary tract (Krura koshta), who do exercise regularly and who have strong digestion strength, the purgative drug gets digested without producing purgation; for them, an enema should be given first and then purgative drug which is Snigdha - (unctuous, oily) should be given : or the faeces should be removed first by using a strong rectal suppository made from fruits; the Doshas thus initiated in their movement, the purgative drug expels them casily. 53-55 विषाभिघातपिटिकाकुष्ठशोफविसर्पिण: कामलापाण्डुमेहार्तन्नातिस्निग्धान् विशोधयेत् सर्वान् स्नेहविरेकैश्च, रुक्षैस्तु स्नेहभावितान् Persons who are suffering from poison, Abhighata (Trauma), Pitika(skin eruption), Kushta - skin diseases, Shopha (inflammation), Visarpa- herpes, Kamala (Jaundice), Anaemia and Diabetes, should be given the purgative therapy without too much of Snehana (oleation. Mild oleation itself is sufficient for them. All of them should be given fatty purgatives; those who have had oleation earlier should be given dry- non- fatty purgatives. 56 कर्मणां वमनादीनां पुनरप्यन्तरेअन्तरे स्नेहस्वेदौप्रयुञ्जीत, स्नेहमन्ते बलाय च Note: Virechana is of two types. Snigdha Virechana and Rooksha Virechana, Snigdha Virechana- done by fatty purgative, such as a castor oil. Or the fatty material is mixed with herbs. Such as Castor oil mixed with Haritaki. Rooksha Virechana - wherein dry purgative herb alone is given. For example, Trivrit Lehyam. Page No. 233 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="344.6,68.7,379.3,68.9,378.9,90.5,378.9,91.0" i="#58054">विधि - Enema Therapy This chapter explains the procedure of Basti treatment. Basti in general means enema therapy. This is the 19th chapter of Ashtanga Hrudaya Sutrasthana, called as Basti Vidhi Adhyaya, written by Sri Vagbhata, son of Sri Vaidyapathi Simhagupta. वातोल्बणेषु दोषेषु वाते वा वस्तिरिष्यते उपक्रमाणां सर्वेषां सो अग्रणीस्त्रिविधस्तु सः १ निरूहो अन्वासनं बस्तिरुत्तरः Basti is described for diseases with imbalanced Doshas having predominance of Vata or for diseases with Vata imbalance alone, It is the best among all treatments. It is of three kinds- viz Niruha also known as Asthapana Basti Decoction enema decoction mixed with salt, honey, ghee etc is administered. Anuvasana also known as snehabasti ghee, oil, fat etc are administered. Herbal oils such as Narayana Taila, Herbal ghritas are more commonly used for this purpose. Uttarabasti administered through urethral route. 1 Notes- Basti means urinary bladder. In ancient times urinary bladder of animals like buffalo etc were used as a bag to hold the enema material like decoctions, oil etc. Persons suitable for decoction enema -Asthapya Asthapana Arha तेन साधयेत् गुल्मानाहखुडप्लीहशुद्धातीसारशूलिन: जीर्णज्वरप्रतिश्यायशुक्रानिलमलग्रहान् वर्ध्माश्मरीरजोनाशान् दारुणांश्चानिलामयान् Patients suffering from Gulma - Tumors of the abdomen Anaha - bloating, fullness Khuda - gout, Pleeha Disease of the spleen, Splenomegaly Page No. 235 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.995" b="367.8,50.8,412.0,50.9,411.5,64.5,411.5,64.8" i="#58452">Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan Patients suitable for Anuvasana Basti Anuvasana Arha - Anuvasya आस्थाप्या एव च अनुवास्या विशेषादतिवह्न्यः रुक्षा: केवलवातार्ता: Person suitable for Asthapana are suitable for oil enema (Anuvasana). Especially those who have strong digestion power, who are dry not undergone Snehana therapy and those suffering from diseases of vata. 6 Patients not suitable for Anuvasana - Nanuvasyh Anuvasana Anarha नानुवास्यास्त एव च ये अनास्थाप्यास्तथा पाण्डुकामलामेहपीनसा: निरन्नप्लीहविडभेदिगुरुकोष्ठकफोदरा: अभिष्यन्दिभृशस्थूलकृमिकोष्ठाढ्यमारुता: पीते विषे गरे अपच्यां श्लीपदी गलगण्डवान् Persons unsuitable for oil enema are all those unsuitable for decoction enema, those suffering from Pandu - ancmia, Kamala - Jaundice, Meha - diabetes, urinary tract disorders Peenasa - rhinitis Niranna on empty stomach Pleeha Disease of the spleen, Splenomegaly Vid bhedi - diarrohea, Guru koshta - hard bowels- constipated, Kaphodara - Kapha type of Ascites Abhishyandi a type of eye disorder Bhrusha Sthula - profound obesity, Krumi Koshta - Intestinal worm infestation Adhyamaruta - gout; Who have consumed poison, those suffering from artificial poison, goiter, filariasis and scrofula. 7-8 Bastinetra enema nozzle- तथोस्तु नेत्रं हेमादिधातुदार्वास्थिवेणुजम् गोपुच्छाकारमच्छिद्रंश्लक्ष्णर्जु गुलिकामूखम् Enema nozzle should be made from metals like gold, silver, wood, bone or bamboo; Gopuchhakara - resembling the tail of the cow in shape, Achidra - without holes (except at the ends), smooth, straight and with Gulikamukha - tip shaped like a pill. 9 Page No. 237 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.962" b="134.5,471.5,159.9,471.5,159.6,487.8,159.6,488.0" i="#58863">प्रान्ते घटिककर्णिकम् वर्त्या अग्रे पिहितं, मूले यथास्वं ह्यड्गुलान्तरम् कर्णिकाद्वितयं नेत्रे कुर्यात् Near the office at its root, a Karnika- ear-like ridge of this same size of the orifice should be constructed - at the time of preparing the nozzle, another second Karnika- ridge should be made at a distance of two Angula- towards its tip, the orifice at the tip should be kept closed- with a plug of cloth.14-15. Basti Putaka- Enema bag :- तत्र च योजयेत् अजाविमहिषादीनां बस्तिं सुमृदितं दृढम् कषायरक्तं निश्च्छिद्रग्रन्थिगन्धसिरं तनुम् ग्रथितं साधु सूत्रेण सुखसंस्थाप्यभेषजम् बस्त्यभावे अडकपादं वा न्यसेद्वासो अथवा घनम् Page No. 238 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#59277">therapy followed by purification therapy- emesis or purgation. After he regains strength, determining that he is fit for oil enema, he should be given an oil enema first. The following procedure is adopted. During cold season (Hemanta and Shishira Ritus) and Vasanta (spring) it should be given during day in other seasons during night. He should be given oil massage and bath, then accustomed food, less by one fourth of the usual quantity; satiable, light- casily digestible neither with more of fats nor very dry, followed by an after-drink of appropriate liquid. Next he should walk for some time, eliminate faeces and urine and lie on a comfortable cot, neither too high nor too low, on his left side, folding his right thigh, and extending the left thigh. 20-23 अथास्य नेत्रं प्रणयेत्स्निग्धे स्निग्धमुखं गुदे उच्छ्वास्य बस्तेर्वदने बद्धे हस्तमकम्पयन् पृष्ठवंशं प्रति ततो नातिद्रुतविलम्बितम् नातिवेगं न वा मन्दं सकृदेव प्रपीडयेत् सावशेषं च कुर्वीत वायु: शेषे हि तिष्ठति Next, the enema nozzle which is Lubricated, after the air inside the bag is expelled out, confirming that it is well fastened to the nozzle, it should be pressed without shaking the hands, in the direction of the vertebral column, neither too fast nor too slow, neither with great force nor with low pressure but in one attempt, a little quantity of liquid material be allowed to remain in the bag. 24-26 दत्ते तूत्तानदेहस्य पाणिना ताडयेत्स्फिजौ तत्पाष्णिभ्यां तथा शय्यां पादतश्च त्रिरुत्क्षिपेतत् ततः प्रसारिताङ्गस्य सोपधानस्य पा्ष्णिके आहन्यान्मुष्टिना अङ्गं च स्नेहेनाभ्यज्य मर्दयेत् वेदनार्तमिति स्नेहो न हि शीघ्रं निवर्तते योज्यः शीघ्रं निवृत्ते अन्यः स्नेहो अतिष्ठन्नकार्यकृत् दीप्ताग्निं त्वागतस्नेहं सायाहने भोजयेल्लघु After the administration and removing the nozzle the person should be placed with his face upwards, his buttocks beaten gently by by the hands of the physician, then by patients own heels; the foot of the cot should be lifted up thrice; Next he must lie extending the entire body, with a pillow under his heels, oil should be smeared all over the body and all the parts of it beaten with fist or massaged, concentrating on the painful areas of the body, so that the fat enema liquid inside the rectum does not come out soon. Page No. 240 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="140.1,161.5,182.5,161.4,182.5,179,182.5,179" i="#59706">कुर्याध्यत्रं स्नेहनिवृत्तये The maximum time for the fat to come out is three Yama- nine hours; after that, it can be awaited for one day and night; later on, after 24 hours after administration, attempt should be made to remove it by force, with the help of rectal suppositories made from fruits or strong decoction enema. 30-31 अतिरौक्ष्यादनागच्छन्न चेज्जाइयादिदोषकृत् उपेक्षेतैव हि ततोअध्युषितश्च निशां पिबेत् प्रातर्नागधान्याम्भ: कोष्णं, केवलमेव वा If it does not come out due to severe dryness inside and does not produce any troubles like lassitude etc. it should be neglected and allowed to remain inside for the night; Next morning he is made to drink warm water either processed with ginger and coriander or plain. 32 अन्वासयेत्तृतीये अहिन पञ्चमे वा पुनश्च तम् Again he should be given fat enema on the third or fifth day, or till the fat gets well digested; To whom fat enema can be given daily? यथा वा स्नेहपक्तिः स्यादतो अत्युल्बणमारुतान् व्यायामनित्यान् दीप्ताग्नीन् रूक्षांश्च प्रतिवासरम् Those who have profound increased of vata, who do exercises- Physical activities daily, who have good digestive power and those who are very dry can be given fat enema daily, 33-34 इति स्नेहैस्त्रिचतुरैः स्निग्धे स्रोतोविशुद्धये निरूहं शोधनं युञ्ज्यादस्निग्धे स्नेहनं तनो: After 3 -4 such fat enemas if the body is found to be well lubricated, purification decoction enema should be administered next, to clear the channels, if not well lubricated, fat enema only should be continued. 35 Page No. 241 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="144.4,487.4,164.4,487.4,164.2,501.3,164.2,501.2" i="#60125">1/4"h quantity; Thus, 3.840 liters of decoction will be obtained. To the decoction, is added a fat- oil, ghee etc in 1/4h quantity = 960 g, for treatment of Vata, 1/6quantity = 640 g for the treatment of Pitta, 1/8h quantity = 480 g for healthy person and for the treatment of Kapha disorders. The quantity of Kalka (Paste) of some Drugs to be added to the decoction for all Doshas and the healthy person shall be 1/81h part of the decoction (480 g) neither too thin nor too thick after Next one pala (48 g) of Guda- Molasses/ jaggery and appropriate quantity of honey and salt also mixing. are also added. सर्व तदेकतः उष्णाम्बुकुम्भीबाष्पेण तप्तं खजसमाहतम् प्रक्षिप्य बस्तौ प्रणयेत्पायौ नात्युष्णशीतलम् नातिस्निग्धं न वा रूक्षं नातितीक्ष्णं न वा मृदु नातच्छसान्द्रं नोनातिमात्रं नापटु नाति च लवणं तद्वदम्लं च Page No. 242 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="297.4,609.5,307.1,609.5,306.7,623.4,306.7,623.4" i="#60550">to come out is one Muhurta- 48 minutes, after that period it may be fatal; Hence another purgative enema prepared with fats, Alkalies, Urine of animals like the cow and sour substances and possessing unctuous, Penetrating and hot properties should be administered immediately; or a rectal suppository prepared from fruits should be made use of; Sweating therapy and frightening should also be resorted to, to induce defecation. 47-48 1/2 Page No. 243 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.547" b="145.0,217.6,196.1,217.8,195.3,233,195.3,233" i="#60969">यूषक्षीररसै: क्रमात् Food should be given along with Anna Yusha (Soup prepared with rice, grains) in case of Kapha disorder Milk, in case of Pitta disorder and Meat juice / Meat soup in case of Vata disorder. 55 1/2 वातघ्नौषधनिष्क्वाथत्रिवृतासैन्धवैर्युतः बस्तिरेको अनिले स्निग्ध: स्वाद्वम्लोष्णो रसान्वितः In case of increased of Vata, one enema consisting of decoction of drugs which mitigate Vata, Trivrt, Saindhava Mixed with fats, Liquids of sweet and sour taste, made warm and administered will be ideal. 56 न्यग्रोधादिगणक्वाथपद्मकादिसितायुतौ पित्ते स्वादुहिमौ साज्यक्षीरेक्षुरसमाक्षिकौ In case of increase of Pitta, one enema consisting of decoction of drugs of Nyagrodhadi gana and Padmakadi gana made sweet and cold and mixed with ghee, milk , sugarcane juice and honey will be ideal. आरग्वधादिनिष्क्वाथवत्सकादियुतास्त्रय: रुक्षा: सक्षौद्रगोमूत्रास्तीक्ष्णोष्णकटुकाः कफे In case of increase of Kapha, three enemas consisting of decoction of drugs of Argwadhadi gana, and Vastakadi gana mixed with honey, cow urine, possessing penetrating, hot and pungent properties is ideal. 58 त्रयस्ते सन्निपाते अपि दोषान् घ्नन्ति यतः क्रमात् In case of increase of all the Doshas together, these three kinds of enema will bring down the Doshas for which another enema need to be given with drugs of all the above mentioned qualities. 60 Page No. 245 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="201.5,591.9,208.1,591.9,207.6,604.9,207.6,604.9" i="#61388">= Asthapana -F 2-F 3 -D 4-F 5 -D 6-F 7=D 8=F 9 =D 10 = F 11=D 12 = F 13=D 14= F 15= D 16=F 17=D 18= F 19= D 20 = F 21=D 22 = F 23=D 24 = F 25= D 26 = F 27= F 28 = F 29 = F 30= F Page No. 246 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="190.2,213.0,196.7,213.0,196.3,227.0,196.3,227.0" i="#61780">- who are habituated to long walking, carrying heavy weight, sexual activity and exercise Chinta - who think too much, who are suffering from- diseases of vata, fractures, debility, poor who are digestive activity, for kings, wealthy persons and persons who live happily. It conquers the Doshas, does not need strict regimen, gives strength, eliminates the wastes- faeces, urine etc. easily and is comfortable. 67-69 Uttarabasti- urethral and vaginal enema/ douche :- बस्तौ रोगेषु नारीणां योनिगर्भाशयेषु च द्वित्रास्थापनशुद्धेभ्यो विदध्याद्बस्तिमुत्तरम् In diseases of the urinary bladder and of vagina and uterus in women, uttarabasti should be administered, to those who have purified by two or three decoction enemas, per rectum. 70 आतुराड्गुलमानेन तन्नेत्र द्वादशाड्गुलम् वृत्त गोपुच्छवन्मूलमध्ययो: कृतकर्णिकम् सिद्धार्थकप्रवेशाग्रं श्लक्ष्णं हेमादिसम्भवम् कुन्दाश्वमारसुमनः पुष्पवृन्तोपमं दृढम् The nozzle should be 12 Angula in length, in terms of patients own fingers, round- tubular resembling a cow's tail at its end should have an orifice of mustard size. It should be made of gold, silver etc metals, it should be smooth, resembling the stalk of flowers such as Kunda, Ashvamara and sumanas. It should be strong. 71-72 तस्य बस्तिर्मृदुलघुर्मात्रा शुक्तिर्विकल्प वा lesser. The enema liquid should be mild in strength, light- easily acting, its quantityone Sukti- 24 g or Page No. 248 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="153.4,514.6,188.6,514.6,188.5,528.6,188.5,528.6" i="#62199">Uterine enema- douche should be administered during the Menstrual period only for, it is only then that it- uterus is without its closure material; it can be given even apart from the menstrual period, in emergency. In diseases such as prolapsed and pain of the uterus or Vagina, in other diseases of uterus and vagina and in menorrhagia. 77-78 नेत्रं दशाइगुलं मुद्गप्रवेशं चतुरङ्गुलम् अपत्यमार्गे योज्यं स्याद् ह्यड्गुलं मूत्रवर्त्मनि मूत्रकृच्छ्रविकारेषु, बालानां त्वेकमड्गुलम् The nozzle- for this enema should be ten Angulas in length, permitting the entry of a grain of Mudga- green gram, it should inspected to a length of four Angula in case of vaginal passage and to a length of two Angula in case of urethral passage in diseases like Dysuria ete. and in case of children it shall be one Angulas. 79 प्रकुञ्चो मध्यमा मात्रा, बालानां शुक्तिरेवतु॥८०॥ Page No. 249 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="285.3,717.0,335.7,716.9,335.7,731.4,335.7,731.4" i="#62621">destruction of the increased faeces, Kapha, Pitta and other Malas - wastes; Page No. 250 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="46,263,252,263,252,280,252,280" num="10">नासास्यशोषे वाक्सङ्गे कृच्छ्रबोधे अवबाहुके Nourishing type of Nasya treatment is required for Vataja Shula - headache of Vata origin, Suryavarta - Headache that increases by the day Svarakshaya - loss of voice, Nasa, Asya Shosha - emaciated - dryness of the nose and mouth, Vak Sangha - Difficulty to speak Krichra bodha - difficulty in opening of eyes and Apabahuka- difficulty of movement of the Arm. 3 Brimhana Nasya बृंहणं धन्वमांसोत्थरसासृक्खपुरैरपि Brimhana Nasya is by the use of juice of meat or blood of animals of desert- like lands, mixed with Khapura -plant extracts, resin, Gums etc. Shamana Nasya - शमनं नीलिकाव्यङ्गकेशदोषाक्षिराजिषु Palliative nasal medication is required in Neelika - blue patches on the skin, Vyanga - discolored patch on face diseases of the hair and of the eyes. 4 शमनं योजयेत्पूर्वैः क्षीरेण सलिलेन वा Shamana Nasya is by the use of juice of meat, blood milk or even water. 6 Page No. 253 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.959" b="49.2,719.0,80.9,719.1,80.9,735.1,80.9,735.1" i="#63445">शुद्धानां दत्तबस्तीनां तथा अनार्तवदुर्दिने अन्यत्रात्ययिकाद्व्याधे: Page No. 254 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="115.7,352.8,128.2,352.8,127.8,366.4,127.8,366.4" i="#63854">lie straight with his face upwards, extending his arms and legs, the medicine slightly warmed with the help of hot water, should be taken either in a tube or soaked in a piece of cloth, and instilled into cach nostril alternately, keeping the other one closed. After instilling, his soles, neck, palms, ears etc. should be massaged- mildly, he should then turn to his sides and spit out till the entire medicine comes out. In this manner two or three nasal medications should be administered to him. मूर्च्छायां शीततोयेन सिञ्चेत्परिहरन् शिर: Ife goes unconscious, cold water should be sprinkled over the face, avoiding head. 21 Sneha Nasya- Nasal medication with fat materials :- स्नेहं विरेचनस्यान्ते दद्याद्दोषाद्यपेक्षया Nasal medication with fat material should be given at the end of purgative Nasal medications, in consideration of the Doshas etc. नस्यान्ते वाक्शतं तिष्ठेदुत्तानः धारयेत्ततः धूमं पीत्वा कवोष्णाम्बुकवलान् कण्ठशुद्धये After medication is completed, the patient should lie with face upwards, for a period of uttering one hundred syllables (for 100 seconds), Then he should inhale smoke of medicated herbs and gargle the month with lukewarm water many times to cleanse the throat. 21-22 1/2 Page No. 256 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#64265">अकालवर्षे अपि न त्विष्टो दुष्टपीनसे मद्यपीते अबलश्रोत्रे कृमिदूषितमूर्द्धनि उत्क्लिष्टोत्क्लिष्टदोषे च, हीनमात्रतया हि सः Pratimarsha Nasya is a type of oil / fat Nasya. Here the dose is very low. Hence, it is indicated in wide variety of diseases. It can be administered to Kshata - wounded, Kshaama - the emaciated, Baala - the children, Vruddha - the aged and Sukhaatma - those who lead a happy conservative life; it can be administered even during unsuitable time, season, day etc. It can also be administered during rainy scason. Contra indication for Pratimarsha nasya - It is not suitable in Dushta Peenasa - infective Rhinitis, Madyapeeta - those who has have drunk wine, Abalashrota - People with low ears- low hearing capacity Krumidushita Murdha - head infested with worms, utklishta Dosha - in whom, in the Doshas are greatly imbalanced and moving from place to place; In these conditions, it is not suitable because it is of less quantity. 26-27 Pratimarsha Kala - time to administered Pratimarsha Nasya - निशाहर्भुक्त्वान्ताह: स्वप्नाध्वश्रमरेतसाम् शिरो अभ्यञ्जन गण्डूष प्रस्राव अञ्जन वर्चसाम् ॥२८॥दन्तकाष्टस्य हासस्य योज्यो अन्ते असौ द्विबिन्दुकः । After head massage After Gandusha (gargling) After Anjana - collyrium, After defecation, After tooth brushing, After bouts of laughing ; its dose is two Bindu- 2 drops. 28 पञ्चसु स्रोतसां शुद्धि:, क्लमनाशस्त्रिषु क्रमात् दृग्बलं पञ्चसु, ततो दन्तदार्द्यं मरुच्छम: Page No. 258 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#64680">only is ideal for daily use of Nasya (Pratimarsha), because the head is the dwelling place of kapha and no fat other than oil, can keep it healthy. 33 आशुकृच्चिरकारित्वं गुणोत्कर्षापकृष्टता मर्श च प्रतिमर्श च विशेषो न भवेद्यादि को मर्श सपरीहारं सापदं च भजेत्ततः अच्छपानविचाराख्यौ कुटीवातातपस्थिती अन्वासामात्राबस्ती च तद्वदेव विनिर्दिशेत् Immediate and delayed action, more and less benefits are the results of Marsha and Pratimarsa respectively. If there is no difference between then, who will resort to marsha which is associated with controls - regarding food and activities and risks? In the same way, Acchapana - drinking of pure fat alone and Vicharana- intake of fat mixed with foods etc. Similar is the case of Kuti Pravesika - one kind of rejuvenation therapy where the person needs to stay in a house for Page No. 259 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="413.4,50.7,453.9,50.7,453.6,65.0,453.6,64.8" i="#65095">Hridaya Sutrasthan Chapter 21 Dhumpana धुमपान - Medicated Smoking In this chapter, we are learning in detail about herbal smoking, its benefits, indications, timing, contra indication ete. This is the 215 chapter of Ashtangahrudayam Sutrasthana, written by Acharya Vagbhata, son of Vaidyapathi Simhagupta. जत्रूर्ध्व कफवतोत्ध विकाराणामजन्मने उच्छेदाय च जातानां पिबेत्धूमं सदाआत्मवान् १ The person who wishes to take care of his health should inhale herbal smoke daily to treat or to prevent the onset of diseases of the parts above the shoulders, arising from - increases of kapha and Vata. 1 Types of Dhumapana - स्निग्धो मध्यः स तीक्षणस्य वाते वातकफे कफे योज्य: स्निग्धो वाते मध्य:वातकफे तीक्षणस्य कफे Snigdha Dhuma - lubricating, also known as Mrudu (Soft) / Prayogika - useful in Vata imbalance. Madhya Dhuma - medium - useful in Vata and Kapha imbalance. Also known as Shamana Dhuma Teekshna Dhuma - strong, useful in Kapha imbalance. Also known as Virechana dhuma (Purifying). 2 Dhuma Anarhah- person unsuitable for inhalation - न रक्तपित्तार्ति विरिक्तोदरमेहिषु तिमिरोर्ध्वानिलाध्मानरोहिणीदत्तबस्तिषु मत्स्यमध्यदूधिक्षीरक्षोउद्रस्नेहविषाशिषु शिरस्याभिहते पाण्डुरोगे जागरिते निशि Inhalation of smoke should not be done for persons who are suffering from Raktapitta- bleeding disease, Virikta - who has undergone Virechana therapy, Page No. 261 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

class="ocrContent"> Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan Hasya - bouts of laughing Dantakashta - use of tooth brush. Indication for Madhyama Dhuma - कालेष्वेषु निशाहारनावनान्ते च मध्यमम् Medium strength smoke should be inhaled at the end of the night, end of the meals and end of Nasya therapy, Virechana Dhuma - निद्रानस्योन्जनस्नानच्छर्दितान्ते विरेचनम् purgative, strong smoke should be inhaled Nidra - at the end of sleep, Nasya - at the end of Nasya treatment Anjana - After applying collyrium Snana - After bath and Chardi - After vomiting. 5-6 Dhuma yantra- smoking apparatus - बस्तिनेत्रसमद्रव्यं त्रिकोशं कारयेत् ऋजु मूलाग्रेअन्गुष्ठकोलास्थिप्रवेशं धुमनेत्रकम् The smoke apparatus should be prepared from the same material as of enema nozzle (from metals like gold, silver, iron etc); It should have three chambers It should be straight It should permit the entry of the thumb and a Kolasthi- seed of jujube fruit through orifices at this root and tip respectively. 7 The length of the tube should be 24 Angula (width of one knuckle) for Mrudu (soft, Sneha) Dhuma 32 Angula for medium Dhuma and 40 Angula for strong Virechana Dhuma. 8 Page No. 263 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="137.9,65.5,165.9,65.5,165.5,79.1,165.5,79.4" i="#65906">vision -10-11 Time आक्षेपमोक्षैः पातव्यो धूमस्तु त्रिभिस्त्रिभिस्त्रिभि: Smoking should be done thrice, with three times inhaling and three exhaling alternately. अहनः पिबेत्सकृत् स्निग्धं, द्विर्मध्यं, शोधनं परम् त्रिश्चतुर्वा Snigdha- lubricating, mild kind of smoke should be taken for only set of three inhalation and exhalations, during day time. Madhya- medium kind - two sets of 3 inhales and exhales and Shodhana- purgative, strong kind, 3 - 4 sets of 3 inhales and exhales. Herbal smoking blends - Dhuma dravyani- For Mridu- mild kind of smoke, मृदौ तत्र द्रव्याण्यगुरुगुग्गुलु मुस्तस्थौणेयशैलेयनलदोशीरवालकम् वयङ्गकौन्तीमधुकबिल्वमज्जैलवालुकम् श्रीवेष्टकं सर्जरसो ध्यामकं मदनं प्लवम् शल्लकी कुंकुमं माषा यवा: कुन्दुरुकास्तिला: स्नेहः फलानां साराणां मेदो मज्जा वसा घृतम् useful drugs are-Aguru, Guggulu, Musta, sthauneya, Shaileya, Nalada, Usheera, Valaka, Varanga, Kounti, Madhuka, Bilvamajja, elavaluka, Shrivestaka, Sarjarasa, Dhyamaka, Madana, Plava, Shallaki, Kumkuma, Masha, Yava, Kunduruka, Tila, oil obtained from fruits and pith of trees, fat, Marrow, muscle- fat and ghee. 13-15 For Shamana- Madyama, medium kind of smoke शमने शल्लकी लाक्षा पृथ्वीका कमलोत्पलम् न्यग्रोधोदुम्बराश्वत्थप्लक्षरोध्रत्वचः सिताः यष्टिमधु सुवर्णत्वक् पद्मकं रक्तयष्टिका गन्धाश्चाकुष्ठतगरा: Page No. 265 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="366.7,644.6,373.1,644.6,372.6,658.5,372.6,658.5" i="#66318">- through the tube. 21 Notes- A burning coal / charcoal is placed inside an earthen pot. Powder of herbs is sprinkled over it and covered with another vessel, having a hole at its center. A tube is connected to the hole, through which the smoke is inhaled. Page No. 266 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="141.6,370.9,152.8,370.9,152.9,387.5,152.9,387.6" i="#66726">वा यथास्पर्श प्रयोजयेत् ४ Fats - oil, ghee etc., milk, Honey with water Shukta - fermented gruel, Madya - winc, Mamsarasa - juice of meat, Mutra - urine of animals or Dhanyamla - wash of grains fermented by keeping overnight, These liquids are commonly used in Gandusha. The liquids may be mixed with a kalka (herbal paste) The liquids may be cooked or raw The liquids should be comfortable to touch and to hold in the mouth. Tilakalkodaka - Sesame seed paste with water - In conditions like Dantaharsha - tingling of the teeth, Dantachala - shaky teeth, and disease of the mouth caused by Vata, Gandusha with water mixed with sesame seed paste - either lukewarm or cold, is useful. 5 Taila (sesame oil), Mamsarasa (meat soup), Ghrita (ghee) Ksheera (cow milk) नित्यं तैलं मंसरसोअथवा For daily use, either sesame oil or meat soup is good. Page No. 269 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="158.5,180.1,189.5,180.1,189.0,194.9,189.0,194.8" i="#67138">liquids fully not permitting any movement inside is Gandusha. Taking liquid into mouth and moving it around by gargling for specific time period is Kavala. Kavala - mouth gargles - मन्याशिर: कर्णमुखाक्षिरोगा: प्रसेक कण्ठामयवक्त्रशोषा: १२ हुल्लासतन्द्रारुचि पीनसाश्च साध्या विषेशात्कवलग्रहण Diseases of the neck, head, ears, mouth and eyes, Prascka - excess salivation, discases of the throat, dryness of the mouth, nausea, Tandra - stupor, Aruchi - anorexia and Peenasa - rhinitis are curable by Kavala - mouth gargles. 12. Pratisarana - coating the mouth with herbs - कल्को रसक्रिया चूर्ण: त्रिविधं प्रतिसारणम् युञ्ज्यात् तत् कफरोगेषु गण्डूष विहितौषधैः १३ Pratisarana - applying herbs to the interior of the mouth with the finger - is of three kinds, viz. Kalka - in the form of paste Rasakriya - solidified decoction and Curna - powder It should be done in diseases of Kapha origin with the same herbs as suggested for Gandusha. 13. Mukhalepa - application of paste of herbs over the face, Facial creams मुखलेप: त्रिधा दोषविषहा वर्णकृच्च सः १४ Mukhalepa - application of paste of herbs over the face is of three types - Doshaha - removing the Doshas, Vishaha - removing poison and Varnakara - improving complexion. 14. उष्णा वातकफे शस्तः, शेषेषु अत्यर्थशीतल: Page No. 271 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="413.1,762.5,453.1,762.7,453.3,776.9,453.3,777.1" i="#67550">Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="161.0,409.6,211.7,409.7,211.6,422.9,211.6,422.6" i="#67960">movement of eyeball Prasupti - loss of sensation of the scalp, Ardita - facial palsy, Jagara - loss of sleep, Nasa Asya Shosha - dryness of the nose and mouth, Timira - blindness and Daruna Shiroroga - dreadful diseases of the head. 23 - 26. Shirobasti Vidhi - विधिस्तस्य निषण्णस्यपीठे जानुसमे मृदौ शुद्धाक्तस्विन्नदेहस्य दिनान्ते गव्यमाहिषम् द्वादशाङ्गुलविस्तीर्ण चर्मपट्टं शिरः आकर्णबन्धनस्थानं ललाटे वस्त्रवेष्टिते चैलवेणिकया बद्धा माषकल्केन लेपयेत् ततो यथाव्याधि श्रुतं स्नेहं कोष्णं निषेचयेत् ऊर्ध्वं केशभुवो यावदङ्गुलं धारयेचच तम् आवक्त्रनासिको क्लेदाद्दशाष्टो षट् चलादिषु Page No. 274 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#68373">Kala - यावत्पर्येति हस्ताग्रं दक्षिणं जानुमण्डलम् निमेषोन्मेषकालेन समं मात्रा तु सा स्मृता The time required for the finger of the right hand to move around the right knee once or the time required for closing and opening of the eyelids once is defined as a Matrakala. 33. Murdhataila Phala - benefits of oiling of the head - कचसदनासिततवपिञ्जिरत्वं परिफुट शिरस: समीररोगान् जयति जनयति इन्द्रियप्रसादं स्वरहनुमूर्द्धबलं च मूर्द्धतैलम् Oiling of the head prevents/cures falling, graying and matting of the hair, cracking of skin of the scalp, diseases of the head of Vata imbalance, produces clarity of sense organs, imparts strength to the voice, jaw and head. 34. Thus ends the chapter Gandushadi Vidhi - the 220d in Sutrasthana of Astanga Hridaya Page No. 276 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="336.8,640.5,353.9,640.5,353.9,653.9,353.9,654.0" i="#68798">eye balls and discomfort; Excess therapy produces roughness of the lids, friction and difficulty in opening of the lids; Inadequate (less) therapy leads to worsening of the diseases, increase of swelling, redness and absence of lacrimation. 5-6. The medicine dropped into the eye, entering into the channels of the joints (fornices of the eyes), head, nose and face, eliminates the imbalanced Doshas which have localized in the upper parts of the body. 7. Page No. 277 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#69211">Rasakriya - gel, confection, semisolid got from boiling decoction till solidity - used in moderate imbalance of Dosha Churna - powder are the three forms of Anjana - used in mild imbalance of Dosha, 14 हरेणुमात्रा पिण्डस्य तीक्ष्णस्य, द्विगुणं तस्य मृदुनः The quantity of Pinda anjana prepared from strong herbs is one Harenu. The quantity of Pinda Collyrium prepared from mild herbs is two Harenu. वेल्लमात्रा रसक्रिया Vella (Vidanga), The quantity of eye-salve which is in the form of gel, confection (Rasakriya) shall be that of चूर्णितस्य च द्वे शालाके तु तीक्ष्णस्य, तिस्रस्तदितरस्य च Page No. 279 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="145.9,172.5,151.7,172.5,151.6,187,151.6,187" i="#69629">- metals derive their sharpness / bluntness. Similarly, the eyes derive their power and features by Agni - Fire element. न रात्रावपि शीतेअति नेत्रे तीक्ष्णान्जनं हितम् दोषमस्ावयेत्स्तब्धं कण्डूजाडयादिकारि तत् When there is severe cold, application of strong eye-salve is not good even at nights, because it does not cause elimination of the Doshas from the eyes. Instead, it produces itching, inactivity etc. Here Doshas get stagnated inside the eyes, even after Anjana therapy, due to cold effect. 22. Persons unfit for application of Anjana -Anjana Anarha - नान्जनेत्भीतवमितविरिक्ताशितवेगिते कृद्धज्वरिता ताप्ताक्षिशिरोरुक्शोकजागरे अदृष्टेअर्के शिरः स्नाते पीतयोर्धूममध्ययोः अजीर्णेअग्निअर्कसन्तप्ते दिवासुप्ते पिपासिते Application of Anjana should not be done to persons who are Bheeta - in fear, Vamita, Virikta - who have been administered Vamana and Virechana who are hungry, Shitavegita - who have urges of urine, faeces etc., Kruddha - anger; Jvarita - during fever, when the eyes are fatigued, Shiroruk - during headache, Shoka - bouts of grief and Jagara - loss of sleep; Adurshte Arke - when the sun is fully covered with clouds, Shira Snate - after head bath, after inhalation of smoke and drinking of wine, Ajime - during indigestion, fatigued from excess exposure to fire and sun; Divasupte - soon after sleep during day and Pipasite - when thirsty. 23- 24. Page No. 281 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="90.0,477.0,114.7,477.0,114.7,491.8,114.7,491.9" i="#70047">wash Eye after Anjana? वर्त्मप्राप्तो अन्जात्दोषो रोगान् कुर्यादतो अन्यथा Otherwise, if not washed the Anjana remaining in the lids, excites the Doshas which give rise to diseases. कन्दूजाडयेअन्जनं तीक्ष्णं धूमं वा योजयेत् पुनः In case of itching and inactivity either a strong Anjana should be applied again or an inhalation of strong smoke of herbs should be done. 30. तीक्ष्णाञ्जनाभितप्ते तु चूर्णे प्रत्यन्जनं हिमम् When the eyes are fatiqued by strong Anjana, applying a Pratyanjana - counter eye-salve which is in the form of powder and cold in effect should be done. 3012. Thus ends the chapter Aschotana - Anjana Vidhi - the 23td of Sutrasthana in Astanga Hrudaya Samhita written by Srimad Vagbhata, son of Sri Vaidyapati Simhagupta. Page No. 282 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="344.5,133.1,379.2,133.0,378.8,146.8,378.8,147.0" i="#70461">breeze. 1-3 1/2 Procedure यवमाषमयीं पालीं नेत्रकोशात् बहिः समाम् द्वयड्गुलोच्चां दृढां कृत्वा यथास्वं सिद्धमावपेत् A wall is constructed with the paste prepared from Yava (barley) and Masha (black gram) around eye socket -resembling a well to a height of two Angula -finger breadth. सर्पिर्निमील्यते नेत्रे तप्ताम्भु प्रविलायितम् Keeping the eyelids closed, medicated herbal ghee, which is liquefied by heating in hot water bed, should be poured into the well up to the level of tips of the eye lashes. Condition for Using Vasa (Muscle Fat) instead of Ghee नक्तान्ध्य वात तिमिर कृच्छ्रबोधादिके वसाम् In diseases like Naktandhya (night blindness), Vatatimira, Krichradodha etc. muscle fat should be used instead of ghee. अपक्ष्माग्रात् अथोन्मेषं शनैकस्तस्य कुर्वतः The patient should then be asked to open his eyes slowly and retain the drug. Matrakala- time required to utter a soft syllable should be counted up to मात्रा विगणयेत्तत्र वर्त्म सन्धिसितासिते दृष्टौ च क्रमशो व्याधौ शतं त्रीणि च पञ्च च शतानि सप्त चाष्टौ च , दश मन्थे , दशानिले पित्ते षट्, स्वस्थवृत्ते च वलासे पञ्च चारयेत् 100 - for the diseases of Vartma - eye lids 300 - for the diseases of Sandhi - fornices 500 - for the diseases of Sita - sclera 700 - for the diseases of Asita - cornea 800 - for the diseases of Drishti - pupil, retina etc. 1000- for the disease Adhimanta Page No. 284 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="222.6,588.4,232.0,588.4,231.3,603.8,231.3,603.8" i="#70882">of inadequate Tarpana and अत्रुप्ते श्लेष्मजा रुज: appearance of disorders of Kapha imbalance is the symptom of Excess Tarpana. 4-11 Contraindication तर्पणं पुटपाकं च नस्यानर्हे न योजयेत् Tarpan and Putpaka should not be administered to those who are unfit for nasya. Page No. 285 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="108.0,447.8,145.9,447.7,145.9,461.4,145.9,461.5" i="#71291">animals and drugs should be made into balls of size of Bacl fruit or of 1 pala (48 The balls should be wrapped in leaves of Urubuka, Vata or Amboja, Smeared with fats, and given grams). After they become dry, they are placed inside the fire, of wood of Dhava or Dhavana or of dried a coating of mud. crow dung and cooked till the balls become fire like red in appearance. After they cool off, the paste of drugs is taken out and juice extracted from it. The juice should be used for Tarpana procedure, as explained above. Maatra Kala शतं द्वे त्रीणि धारयेत् लेखनस्नेहनान्त्येषु The juice should be retained for a period of 200 - 300 Matra Kala. 200 for Snehana and Lekhana. 300 for Prasadhana. Page No. 287 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="246.5,248.2,254,248.1,253.7,264.8,253.7,264.9" i="#71710">१ अर्शो भगन्दरादीनां शस्त्रक्षाराग्नियोजने शेषाड्गपरिरक्षायां तथा बस्त्यादिकर्मणि- २ घटिकालाबुशृङ्गं च जाम्बवौष्टादिकानि Equipments which are useful to extract the different types of foreign bodies causing pain in different parts of the body, to look into hemorrhoids, rectal fistula ete. to apply sharp instruments, Alkalies (Kshara) and fire (Agni Karma); to protect the remaining parts other than the diseased in therapies like enema etc, and the pot (Ghatika), ground horn (Alabu) of animal, Jambavaustha- cylindrical smooth stone etc. are all known as yantra (medical instruments). 1-2 1/2 अनेकरूपकार्याणि यन्त्राणि विविधान्यतः विकल्प्य कल्पयेद्बुद्धया Yantras (instruments) are of many shapes, functions, types, hence they are to be fabricated and to be prepared with intelligence. 3 यथास्थूलं तु वक्ष्यते तुल्यानि कड्कसिंहर्क्षकाकादिमृगपक्षिणाम् मुखैर्मुखानि यन्त्राणां कुर्यात् तत्संज्ञकानि च Yantras are described in brief, as follows; Those which have their mouth resembling the mouth of Kanka (heron), Simha (lion), Ruksha (bear), Kaka (crow) and other animals and birds should be prepared under the respective names of animals and birds; Page No. 289 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="213.7,724.8,236.4,724.7,235.7,739.3,235.7,739.2" i="#72124">arms are of two types- 12 Angula length, resembling the palate (fin) of the fish in shape, Page No. 290 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="255.2,401.7,272.2,401.7,272.0,416.4,272.0,416.4" i="#72537">and piles, polyp of the nose shall be with one orifice, two Angula in length, सर्वथा अपनयेदोष्ठं छिद्रादूर्ध्व भगन्दरे of the size of the index finger in thickness and resembling the instrument meant for rectal fistula. 20 Nadi Yantra to See Nasal Polyps, Piles ete घ्राणार्बुदार्शसामेकच्छिद्रा नाडग्यड्गुलद्वया प्रदेशिनीपरीणाहा स्याद्गगन्दरयन्त्रवत् shall be with one orifice, two angula in length, of the size of the index finger in thickness, and resembling the instrument meant for rectal fistula. 8, Anguli Tranaka- finger protector अड्गुलित्राणकं दान्तं वा्क्ष वा चतुरड्गुलम् द्विच्छिद्रं गोस्तनाकारं तद्वक्त्रविवृतौ सुखम् Page No. 292 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="305.0,145.4,336.0,145.5,335.7,160.2,335.7,160.3" i="#72954">length and eighteen Angula in diameter with a round orifice of four Angula - in which, with a burning wick placed in its interior, useful for extracting Kapha and Raktha- blood. 27 Note - The procedure explained in Alabu yantra is called as cupping. Whenever vitiated blood or pus is to be extracted from a wound / ulcer, Alabu yantra is placed over the affected arca and heated from outside. It expands, causing vacuum inside. This causes sucking action and the pus / vitiated blood gets sucked out. 15, Ghati - pot तद्वद्घटी हिता गुल्मविलयोन्नमने च सा Ghati- pot is similar and useful for making the tumors of the abdomen soft and raise it above from its low level. 27 1/2 16, Shalaka Yantra - set of instruments with rod like shape शलाकाख्यानि यन्त्राणि नानाकर्माकृतीनि च यथायोगप्रमाणानि तेषामेषणकर्मणि Shalaka yantra - set of instruments with rod like shape Rod like instruments are of many functions and shapes and size suitable to be purpose for which they are used. 28 उभे गण्डूपदमुखे स्रोतोभ्यः शल्यहारिणी मसूरदलवक्त्रे द्वे स्यात्तामष्टनवाड्गुले Of them, two are for probing, both having their mouth resembling that of an earth worm; two for removing foreign bodies from the channels having their mouths resembling a lentil, one of eight and the other of nine Angula in length. 29 17, Shanku Yantra - Hooks शङ्कव: षट उभौ तेषां षोडशद्वादशाङगुलौ व्यूहने अहिफणावक्त्रौ द्वौ दशद्वादशाङगुलौ चालने शरपुड्खास्यों आहायें बडिशाकृती Page No. 294 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#73379">like instruments meant for clearing sinuses ete कार्पासविहितोष्णीषा: शालाका: षट् प्रमार्जने The rod- like instruments meant for clearing sinuses etc. shall have their tip covered with a cap of cotton wool. 21. पायावासन्नदुरार्थे द्वे दशाद्वादशाङगुले Two others Nadi yantra (rod like instruments)- one of 10 and other of12 Angula- in length meant for drawing the rectum near - by closing the things and extending it farther. 34 द्वे षट्सप्ताङगुले घ्राणे, द्वे कर्णे अष्टनवाइगुले Page No. 295 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.937" b="187.0,430.4,229.9,429.7,229.4,443.8,229.4,443.7" i="#73791">twisting, Poorana- filling, Marga shuddhi- clearing the passage, Vyuhana- bringing together, Aharana - extracting, Bandhana- binding, Peedana- Rubbing, Achushana - sucking, Unnamana- lifting up, Namana- pushing down, bending down Chalana- shaking, Bhanga- breaking, Vyavartana- overturning, Rujukarana- straightening etc. are the functions of the Yantras- blunt instruments. 41 विवर्तते साध्ववगाहते च ग्राह्यं गृहीत्वोद्धरते च यस्मात् । यग्त्रेष्वतः कड्कमुखं प्रधानं स्थानेषु सर्वष्वधिकारि यच्च ।४२ १/२।। Among the blunt instruments Kankamukha Yantra, is the best as it can be twisted easily, dipped deep, can be held firmly, catches the objects firmly and is the authority in all places. It is indispensable. 42 Thus ends the chapter Yantravidhi- the 25th in Sutrasthana of Asthangahrdaya Samhita. Page No. 297 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#74197">Patra, Sarari Mukha, Trikurchaka, Kushapatra, Atavadana Atimukhi, Antrarvaktra, Ardha chandraka, Vrihimukha, Kuthari, Shalaka, Anguli Shastra, Badisa, Karapatra, Kartari, Nakha Shastra, Danta lekhanaka, Suchi, Koorcha, Khaja, the four kinds of Ara, and Karna vedhanaka- are the names of the twenty six sharp instruments, मण्डलाग्रं फले तेषां तर्जन्यन्तर्नखाकृति लेखने छेदने योज्यं पोथकीशुण्डिकादिषु ५ वृद्धिपत्रं क्षुराकारं छेद भेद पाटने ऋज्वग्रमुन्नते शोफे गम्भीरे च तदन्यथा नताग्रं पृष्ठतो दीर्घह्रस्ववक्त्रं यथाश्रयम् उत्पलाध्यर्धधाराख्ये भेदने छेदने तथा सर्पस्यं घ्राणकर्ण अर्शः छेदने अर्धाड्गुलं फलम् गतेरन्वेषणे श्लक्ष्णा गण्डूपदमुखैषणी भेदनार्थे अपरा सूचिमुखा मूलनिविष्टखा वेतसं व्यधने स्राव्ये शरर्यास्यत्रिकूर्चके कुशाटावदने स्राव्ये द्वयड्गुलं स्यात्तयो: फलम् 1, Mandalagra Shastra- knife with round edge at its tip has its edge in the shape of nail of the index finger, to be made use of for scraping and cutting-excision, in diseases like Pothaki- cyst in the eyelid, Shundika- Tonsils etc. 5 2, Vridhipatra- Scalpel is shaped like a boarders knife- Razor, useful for cutting, excision, splitting, incision and tearing/ separating, it, with a straight edge, is for use in elevated - bulging swelling, the same with its tip bent backwards, long or short edge for use in deep seated swelling. 6 3, Utpalapatra and 4, Ardha dhara- lancets are for the purpose of splitting and cutting. 7 5, Sarpyasya- Sarpamukha- serpent bladed scalpel is meant for cutting - excision of polyps in the nose and ears and has an edge of half Angula. Page No. 299 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="47.1,632.5,65.5,632.5,65.5,646.6,65.5,646.6" i="#74616">and having a wooden handle; from this the vein situated on bones should be cut leeping the handle of this Axe vertically over it. 12 तामी शलाका द्विमुखी मुखे कुरुबकाकृति: लिङ्गनाशं तथा विध्येत् Page No. 300 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="138.7,343.3,158.2,343.2,158.0,358.4,158.0,358.3" i="#75032">and vital spots and two and half Angula in length. 21 सर्ववृत्तास्ताश्चतुरङ्गुला: कूर्चो वृत्तैकपीठस्था: सप्ताष्टौ वा सुबन्धना: स योज्यो नीलिकाव्यड्गकेशशातेषु कुट्टने 23, Koorcha - brush with sharp spikes with round spikes fixed on one end, for seven or eight number and fastened well; it is used for scrapping in Nilika- blue patches, Vyangga- dark patches on the blade and loss of hair etc.22 अर्धाड्गुलमुखैवृत्तैरष्टाभि: कण्टकै: खज: पाणिभ्यां मथ्यमानेन घ्राणातेन हरेदसृक 24, Khaja- churner has blade of half Angula in length and is of round shape, with eight spikes- fixed in it meant for removing the - vitiated blood from the nose by Churning with the hands. 23 व्यधनं कर्णपालीनां यूथिकामुकुलाननम् 26, Karnapali Vyadhna- instrument for puncturing the ear lobe should have its blade in the shape of bud of Yuthika- Jasmine. 24 आरा अर्धाइगुलवृत्तस्या तत्प्रवेशा तथोर्ध्वतः चतुरस्रा, तया विध्येच्छोफं पक्वामसंशये Page No. 302 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#75435">of sharp instruments.29 Shastragahana Vidhi :- Method of holding sharp instruments :- छेदभेद्य लेख्यार्थं शस्त्रं वृन्तफलान्तरे तर्जनीय मध्यमाड्गुष्ठैर्ग्रहणीयात्सुसमाहितः विस्रावणानि वृन्ताग्रे तर्जन्यड्गुष्टकेन च तलप्रच्छन्न वृन्ताग्रे ग्राहयं व्रीहिमुखं मुखे मूलेषु आहरणार्थानि कृयासौकर्यतो अपरम् For Chedana (cutting), Bhedana (breaking) and Lekhana (scraping), the instrument should be held in Vrunta phalantara- between round woods handle and the edge, with the help of index, middle fingers and the thumbs, carefully; for Visravana (draining), it should be held at the tip of the round wooden handle with the help of the index finger and the thumb; For Pracchanna (scorching, scratching), the tip of the handle should be held with the palm. Vrihimukha Shastra should be held at is mouth tip; for extracting, the instruments should be held at their root; Others may be held in a convenient manner, as required in the operation. 30-32 Shastra Kosha- instrument wallet :- स्यान्नवाड्गुलविस्तार: सुघनो द्वादशाङ्गुल: क्षौमपत्रोर्णकौशेयदुकूलमृदुचर्मजः विन्यस्तपाश: सुस्यूतः सान्तरोर्णस्थशस्त्रक: शलाकापिहितास्यश्च शस्त्रकोशः सुसञ्चयः The instrument wallet should be 9 Angula width, 12 Angula in length. It should be made from jute, leaves, wood, silk, inner bark of trees or soft leather. It should be endowed with threads, well stitched with compartment for instruments, which should be kept wrapped in wool; Its mouth closed and held tight with a rod- acting like a bolt and pleasing to look at. 33-34 Page No. 304 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.984" b="208.8,612.8,218.1,612.8,217.4,629,217.4,629" i="#75850">च निपातनात् सीदन्तिः सलिलं प्राप्य रक्तमत्ता इति त्यजेत् Even these, when they do not vomit the sucked blood fully, when they are applied frequently, and when they are inactive even after getting into water, should be considered as blood intoxicated and should be rejected. 39 Page No. 305 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#76263">and water, in order to destroy- avoid putrefaction by saliva, exereta of leeches, because the Leeches become poisonous with such a contact. 45 अशुद्धौ स्रावयेत् दंशान् हरिद्रागुडमाक्षिकै: ॥४६॥ शतधौताज्यपिचवस्ततो लेपाश्च शीतलाः। When in doubt of impurity, the site of the bite should be made to bleed by applying paste of Haridra (Turmeric), Guda (jaggery) and honey. Later a piece of cloth soaked in Shata Dhauta Ghrita or cooling pastes prepared from drugs of cold potency should be applied - over the site. दुष्टरक्तापगमनात्सद्यो रागरुजां शमः With the removal of vitiated blood, the redness and pain subside immediately. 47 अशुद्धं चलितं स्थानत्स्थितं रक्तं व्रणाशये व्यम्लीभवेत्पर्युषितं तस्मात्तत्सावयेत्पुनः The vitiated blood, displaced from its site and accumulating in the interior of the wound becomes greatly sour by stagnating overnight; hence it should be expelled out again. 48 युञ्ज्यालाबुघटिकां रक्ते पित्तेन दूषिते तासामनलसंयोगात् युञ्ज्यात्तु कफवायुना A gourd or pot (cupping method) should not be used to remove the vitiated blood when the blood is vitiated by pitta, for they are associated with fire. It would further aggravate Pitta. They should be used in case of vitiation by kapha and Vata imbalance. 49 कफेन दुष्टं रुधिरं न शृङ्गेण विनिर्हरेत् सकन्नत्वात् वातपित्ताभ्यां दुष्टं शृङ्गेण निर्हरेत् Page No. 307 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#76683">क्रमात् Or removal of blood by incisions is done when the blood is solidified; by Leeches when it is deep seated; by gourd, pot or horn when it is localized in the skin and by venesection when it is pervading the entire body; by using horn, Leeches, gourd for the seats of Vata and others- Doshas respectively.54 1/2 स्रतासृजः प्रदेहाध्यैः शीतैः स्याद्वायुकोपतः सतोदकण्डू: शोफस्तं सर्पिषोष्णेन सेचयेत् After the bleeding procedure, the site of bleeding should be covered with cooling paste. This will reduce the pain, itching and oedeme at the site. The area should be bathed with warm ghee. 55 Thus ends the chapter- Shastra Vidhi- the 26h in Sutrathana in Astangahridaya. Page No. 308 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="90.2,233.9,144.1,234.2,144.0,249.3,144.0,249.2" i="#77094">unsuitable for venesection - Siravyadha Anarha - न तूनषोडशातीतसप्तत्यब्दसुतासृजाम् अस्निग्धास्वेदितात्यर्थस्वेदितानिलरोगिणाम् गर्भिणीसूतिकाजीर्णपित्तास्रश्वासकासिनाम् अतीसारोदरच्छद्दिंपाण्डुसर्वाङ्गशोफिनाम् स्नेहपीते प्रयुक्तेषु तथा पञ्चसु कर्मसु नायन्त्रितां सिरां विध्येन्न तिर्यङ्गाप्यनुत्थिताम् नातिशीतोष्णवाताभ्रेष्वेन्यत्रात्ययिकाद्गदात् Who are less than sixteen and more than 70 years of age, who have had no bleeding previously - any time due to any cause, who have undergone excess gone Snehakarma and sweating therapies, those suffering from diseases of Vata origin, the pregnant woman, the woman in parturition, those suffering from indigestion, bleeding diseases, Shwasa (dyspnoca), Kasa - cough, cold Atisara - diarrhoea, dysentery Udara - ascites, intestinal obstruction / enlargement of the abdomen, Chardi - Vomiting Pandu - anemia Chardi - Vomiting, dropsy; for those who have been given fat - ghee or oil to drink - as part of oleation therapy, and who are undergoing the Panchakarma treatment. The vein should not be cut without enforcing control on the body - as described further, that vein which is horizontal, that which has not been raised up; not on day which are very cold, very hot, very windy, or cloudy datys, venesection should not be done. 6-8 1/2 Page No. 310 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

(Truteeyaka), vein in the centre of the shoulders; in fever of every fourth day (chaturthaka) - that below the shoulder; in dysentery accompanied with pain vein situated two Angula away from the pelvis, in diseases of the semen and penis, vein situated in the penis; in glandular enlargement of the neck (Apachi), that situated in the thigh; in Gridhrasi- sciatica vein situated at four Angula below or above the knee joints; in Apachi (goiter) vein situated about two Angula below the indrabasti- a vital spot in the centre of calf muscle; in pain of thighs and Krostukasira (inflammatory swelling of the knee joint), Daha of the soleas, Khuda (gout) Padaharsa- (tingling sensation in feet), Vipadika - fissures of the feet, Vatakantaka (sprain of the foot/ Ankle) and Chippa (A diseases of the nails of the toes), vein situated two Page No. 311 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="306.7,682.4,339.1,682.4,338.7,696.8,338.7,696.8" i="#77927">middle finger tripped off by the thumb; noticing the elevation, or raising it, once again by kneading it with the thumb; then holding the axe with his left hand, place its edge on the middle portion of the vein and give up in the Axe without Shaking. Page No. 312 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#78348">not mentioned here. 32 मांसले निक्षिपेद्देशे व्रीह्यास्यं व्रीहिमात्रकम् यवार्धमस्थ्नामुपरि सिरां विध्यन् कुठारिकाम् On fleshly parts, the Vrihimukha Sastra (Lancet) should be used and the vein cut to the size of a rice grain only; the veins on the bones should be cut the size of half a (Yava) barley by using the axe. 33 Samyak Viddha Lakshana संयग्विद्धां स्रवेद्धारां यन्त्रे मुक्ते तु न स्रवेत् When the cutting is proper, the blood flows out in a steady stream and stops when the control (tourniquet) is released. Asamyak Biddha Lakshana अल्पकालं बहत्यल्पं दुर्विद्धा तैलचूर्णनै: When the cutting is inadequate; the flow is only for a short time and less in quantity; Then it should be rubbed with oil mixed with lime powder to promote more bleeding; Ati Biddha Lakshana सशब्दमतिविद्धा तु स्रवेत् दुःखेन धार्यते When the cut is more, the blood flows out with a sound and stops with great difficulty. 34 Asruti Karana :- causes for non- flowing :- भी मूर्च्छायन्त्रशैथिल्यकुण्ठशस्त्रातितृप्तयः क्षामत्ववेगितास्वेदा रक्तस्य असुति हेतव: Page No. 314 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.99" b="390.1,665.2,427.1,665.3,426.8,679.0,426.8,679.3" i="#78769">because of increase of heat and mixed with glistening particles, कफात् स्निग्धं असृक्पाण्डु तन्तुमत्पिच्छिल घनम् Page No. 315 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#79185">and sprouts of trees with milky Sap by cold infusion prepared from drugs of Padmakadi Gana - vide chapter 15 should be taken as a drink; the same vein should be cut again and the ends of the vein should be touched with a red hot rod. (cautery) with a red hot rod. 48-50 उन्मार्गगा यन्त्रनिपीडनेन स्वस्थानमायान्ति पुनर्न यावत् दोषा: प्रदुष्टा रुधिरं प्रपन्नास्तावद्धिताहारविहारभाक् स्यात् Because of tourniquet application, the Doshas temporarily get aggravated and may move to the other parts of the body. After the tourniquet is removed, they will come back to their normal places. But till such time, one should adhere to only healthy foods and activities, 51 नात्युष्णशीतं लघु दीपनीयं रक्ते अपनीते हितमन्नपानम् तदा शरीरं ह्यनवस्थितासृगाग्निर्विशेषादिति रक्षितव्यः Foods which are neither very hot, very cold, which are light (easy to digest) and stimulating hunger are suitable after the removal of blood. This is because, after blood letting procedure, the body will be unstable with low digestion activity. 52 Features of Persons with Non-vitiated (Pure/Healthy) Blood प्रसन्न वर्णेन्द्रियं इन्द्रियार्था निच्छन्तमव्याहत पक्तृवेगम् । सुखान्वितं पुष्टिबलोपपन्नं विशुद्धरक्तं पुरुषं वदन्ति ।।५३।। Excellence of color and complexion, improved power of the sense organs, good perception of objects by sense organs, good digestive activity, enjoyment of comforts endowed with good nutrition and immunity- are the characteristics of the person having non vitiated blood. 53 Thus ends the chapter named Siravyadha Vidhi- the 27th chapter is Sutrasthana of Astanga Hrudaya. Page No. 317 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#79604">recognized. 1-2 विशेषात् त्वग्गते शल्ये विवर्ण:ः कठिनायतः शोफो भवति मांसस्थे चोषः शोफो विवर्द्धते पीडनाक्षामता पाक: शल्यमार्गो न रोहति पेश्यन्तरगते मांसप्राप्तवत् श्वयुथुं विना Tvak gata - When the foreign body is in the skin, there is discoloration, hard and large swelling; Mamsagata (when it is in the muscle), there will be sucking pain, steady progress of the swelling, tenderness, suppuration and non- healing of the wounds of entry of the foreign body; Page No. 318 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#80023">तत्र स्युरभ्यङ्गस्वेदमर्दनैः रागरुग्दाहसंरम्भा यत्र चाज्यं विलीयते आशु शुष्यति लेपो वातत्स्थानं शल्यवद्वदेत् मांसप्रणष्टं संशुध्या कर्शनाच्छलथतां गतम् क्षोभाद्रागादिभि: शल्यं लक्षयेत् तद्वदेव च पेश्यस्थिसन्धिकोष्ठेषु नष्टमस्थिषु लक्षयेत् अस्थ्नामभ्यञ्जनस्वेदबन्धपीडनमर्दनैः प्रसारणाकुञ्चनतः सन्धिनष्टं तथा अस्थिवत् The exact site of foreign bodies concealed in the skin, is recognized by The appearance of redness, pain, burning sensation and tenderness after anointing with oil, fomentation or massage; by the melting of solid ghee, placed at the site, by quick drying of the paste of sandal wood etc. नष्टे स्नायुशिरास्रोतोधमनीष्वसमे पथि अश्वयुक्तं रथं खण्डचक्रमारोप्य रोगिणम् शीघ्रं नयेत्ततस्तस्य संरम्भाच्छल्यमादिशेत् Site of foreign body concealed in the muscle, joint and abdomen - canbe recognized by clearing looseness, thinness of the muscles by Panchakarma therapies or by other methods of slimming the body and then observing for sites of pain, redness etc. The site of those concealed in the bones is recognized by anointing with oil, fomentation, tying with rope or bandage squeezing and massaging; The sites of those concealed in the joints by extending or folding of joint in addition to signs similar to lodged in bones. Sites of those concealed in tendons, veins, channels and arteries are recognized by appearance of pain in such places, in a horse chariot, with broken wheels. मर्मनष्टं पृथड़्नोक्तं तेषां मांसादिसंश्रयात् Features of those concealed, in vulnerable spots are not described separately because such spots are composed of muscles and other tissues only- the features of which have been described already. Page No. 320 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#80437">should not be removed - Those which lead to death soon after their removal, which are lost / invisible, which are absorbed by the body and those which do not produce complications- should not be removed. 20-21 Aharana Vidhi- means and methods of removal अथाहरेत्करप्राप्यं करेणेव इतरत्पुनः दृश्यं सिंहाहिमकरवर्मिकर्कटकाननैः Page No. 321 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="456.6,232.5,467.4,232.6,467.0,246.0,467.0,246.0" i="#80854">be bent and fastened tight to the string of a bent bow, and the bow tied to the bridle bit of a horse should then be whipped so that it raises its head suddenly and with force by this method the arrow is removed. 29-30 एवं वा शाखायां कल्पयेत्तरो बद्ध्वा दुर्बलवारङ्गं कुशाभि: शल्यमाहरेत् Likewise, the branches of trees may be made use of; in case of arrows with thin or fragile tail ends, thin bamboo poles can be made use. 31 श्वयथुग्रस्तवारङ्गं शोफमुत्पीड्य युक्तितः मुद्गराहतया नाइया निर्घात्योत्तुण्डितं हरेत् If the tail end of the arrow is surrounded by an elevation, it should be pulled out after cutting off the elevated part suitably; if the arrowhead has caused a bulging on the body, it should be removed with the help of a Nadiyantra (tubular instrument) after shaking / hitting the bulging with a hammer.32 तैरेव चानयेन्मार्गममार्गोत्तुण्डितं तु यत् मृदित्वा कर्णिनां कर्ण नाड्यास्येन निगृह्य वा By the hammer, the arrow which has no clear passage of exit, should be brought into a passage, suitable for pulling out; Those which have earlike projection should be pulled out after cutting off their ears or by fixing them inside tubular instruments. 33 अयस्कान्तेन निष्कर्ण विवृतास्यमृजुस्थितम् The arrow heads without earlike projections, which have created a wide opening in the body and lodged straight, can be removed by making use of a magnet. पक्वाशयगतं शल्यं विरेकेण विनिर्हरेत् Page No. 323 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="338.3,463.4,348.2,463.4,347.9,477.5,347.9,477.5" i="#81280">be removed by inserting a ball of hair fastened with a thread, making the patient vomit the water which he has been made to drink earlier, the foreign body sticking to the ball of hair during vomiting is removed by pulling the In the same way hair and other foreign bodies should be removed by making use of the hook. 37 thread quickly. अशक्यं मुखनासाभ्यामाहर्तुं परतो नुदेत् Those foreign bodies which are lodged in the mouth and nose, if not possible to be removed out though respective orifices, should be pushed back, making them to enter into the wider tract. 38 अप्पानस्कन्धघाताभ्यां ग्रासशल्यं प्रवेशयेत् If a bolus of food is stuck up in the throat, it should be removed by using thread, cloth of flax, silk, hair or water. 39 सूक्ष्माक्षिव्रणशल्यानि क्षौमवालजलैर्हरेत् Page No. 324 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="463.3,689.5,471.7,689.5,471.7,703.0,471.7,703.0" i="#81706">in such parts by squeezing, fomentation, thinning measures and smoothening therapies, use of strong, hot poultices warm foods and drinks, incising and other methods, of sharp instrumentation, trampling by feet etc. and then the foreign bodies removed by excision, probing or cutting. 45-46 Page No. 325 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#82109">quick melting of solid ghee placed on the swelling and intolerance to touch - tenderness just as in an ulcer 3 -4. Pakva Shotha - ripe swelling is पक्वे अल्पवेगता म्लानि: पाण्डुता वलिसम्भव: नामो अन्तेषून्नतिर्मध्ये कण्डूशोफादि मार्दवम् स्पृष्टे पूयस्य सञ्चारो भवेद्वस्ताविवाम्भसः Alpavegata - mild in nature, Mlani - reduced in size, Panduta - white colour, Valisambhava - has wrinkles on it, depressed all round but elevated at its centre Kandu - itching Shopha - mild swelling, Mardava -sofiness, movement of pus can be understood by touch just as movement of water in a bladder. 5. Doshawise symptoms in Shopha - शूलं नर्तें अनिलात्, दाह: पित्तात्, शोफ: कफोदयात् ॥६॥ रागो रक्ताच्च पाक: स्यादतो दोषैः सशोणितैः । Shula - pain due to Vata Daha - burning sensation due to Pitta imbalance Shopha - inflammation due to Kapha imbalance Raga - redness and Paka - suppuration due to Rakta vitiation. 6. पाके अतिवृत्ते अतिसुषिरस्तनुत्वग्दोषभक्षितः वलीभिराचितः श्यावः शीर्यमाणतनूरुहः When pus formation further increases with lapse of time there is cavity formation inside the swelling, the skin becomes thin and destroyed by the Doshas, it is covered with wrinkles, black in colour and body hairs fall off. 7. कफजेषु तु शोफेषु गम्भीरं पाकमेत्यसृक पक्वलिड्गं ततो अस्पृष्टं यत्र स्याच्छीतशोफता Page No. 328 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="278.4,508.8,295.5,508.9,295.1,523.6,295.1,523.6" i="#82527">hay stack. 11 - 12. यष्च्छिनत्त्याममज्ञानाद्यश्च पक्वमुपेक्षते श्वपचाविव विज्ञेयौ तावनिश्चितकारिणौ The surgeon who by ignorance cuts open an unripe swelling and he who neglects a ripe swelling - without cutting open - both should be considered as mean surgeons performing indiscriminate acts. 13. Purvakarma - Pre-operative procedures :- प्राक् शस्त्रकर्मणश्चेष्टं भोजयेदन्नमातुरम् पानपं पाययेन्मद्यं तीक्ष्णं यो वेदनाक्षमः Page No. 329 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.993" b="193.3,319.6,224.9,319.6,224.7,334.1,224.7,334.1" i="#82936">should be made horizontally curved in places such as the forehead, brows, gums of teeth, shoulders, abdomen, axillae, eye sockets, lips, checks, throat and groins; horizontal incision, in other places might lead to cutting of the veins, tendons etc. 22 - 23. Sastrakarmottara Vidhi - Paschat Karma - post-operative procedures शास्त्रे अवचारिते वाग्भिः शीताम्भोभिश्च रोगिणाम् आश्वास्य परितो अड्गुल्या परिपीड्य व्रणं ततः क्षालयित्वा कषायेण प्लोतेनाम्भो अपनीय च गुग्गुल्वगुरुसिद्धार्थहिड्गुसर्जरसान्वितैः धूपयेत्पटुषट्ग्रन्था निम्बपत्रैर्घ्ृतप्लुतैः तिलकल्काज्यमधुभिर्यथास्वं भेषजेन च दिग्धां वर्तिं ततो दध्यात्तैरेवाच्छादयेच्च ताम् घृताक्तैः सक्तुभिश्चोर्ध्व घनां कवलिकां ततः निधाय युक्त्या बध्नीयत्पट्टेन सुसमाहितम् पार्श्व सव्ये अपसव्ये वा नाधस्तान्नैव चोपरि After removing the sharp instruments, the patient should be comforted with encouraging words and cold water; The area all around should be squeezed, The wound is washed with decoction of drugs Moisture is removed by wiping with cotton wool. The wound should be fumigated with the smoke of Guggulu, Aguru, Siddhartha, Hingu (Asa with ghee; foetida), Sarjarasa, Patu (Salt), Sadgrantha(Acorus calamus) or leaves of Nimba (neem), mixed Page No. 331 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#83351">व्रणे श्वयथुरायासात् स च रागश्च जागरात् तो च रुक् च दिवास्वापात्ताश्च मृत्युश्च मैथुनात् Swelling gets increased in an ulcer by strenuous activities, Redness increases by keeping awake at night, Pain by sleeping during day; death occurs by indulging in copulation. Page No. 332 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="111.9,259.5,122.9,259.5,122.8,273.2,122.8,273.2" i="#83761">be beaten, poked, or scratched with nails, it should be protected from injury while (Vetiver) grass. doing other activities; The person who engages himself in hearing pleasant stories, meeting with virtuous elderly persons of the twice born castes (Brahmin), he who is hopeful of cure of the disease gets rid of the ulcer quickly, 41-42. तृतीयेअहिन पुनः कुर्याद्व्रणकर्म च पूर्ववत् प्रक्षालनादि, दिवसे द्वितीये नाचारेत्तथा तीव्रव्यथो विग्रथितश्चिरात्संरोहति व्रण: On the third day, the same treatment such as washing the ulcer etc. are done, as explained earlier; These should not be done on the second day as that will give rise to severe pain, formation of tumors and delayed healing of the ulcer. 43 - 44. स्निग्धां रुक्षां शलथां गाढां दुन्यस्तां च विकेशिकम् व्रणे न दद्यात्कल्कं वा स्नेहात्क्लेदो विवर्द्धते मांसच्छेदो अतिरुग्रौक्ष्याद्दरणं शोणितागम: शलथातिगाढदुन्यासैर्व्रणवर्त्मावघर्षणम् The wick of cotton threads smeared with paste of drugs and also the paste of drugs should neither be very unctuous (oily) nor very dry; neither flabby nor very thick - hard and should not be improperly placed; Because unctuousness (oily, fatty) increases moistness, dryness causes tears in the muscles, severe pain, lacerations and bleeding. Flabby, hard and improperly placed wick produces friction of the edges of the ulcer. 45 -46. सपूतिमांसं सोत्सड्गं सगतिं पूयगर्भिणम् व्रणं विशोधयेच्छीघ्रं स्थित: ह्यन्तर्विकेशिका When the medicinal wick remaining long inside the ulcer produces putrefaction of the muscles, elevated surface, loss of tissues and accumulation of pus inside, then the ulcer should be cleaned - cleared of its contents quickly. 47. Page No. 334 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="143.4,515.6,166.7,515.5,166.8,530.0,166.8,529.8" i="#84179">body inside, which are produced by alkalies (kshara), poisons and fire should not be sutured. 51. सीव्येच्चास्थिशुष्कास्रतृणरोमापनीय तु प्रलम्बि मांस विच्छिन्नं निवेश्य स्वनिवेशने सन्ध्यस्थि च स्थिते रक्ते स्नाय्वा सूत्रेण वल्कलै: सीव्येन्न दूरे नासन्ने गृहरन्नाल्पं न वा बहु Suturing should be done only after removing loose pieces of bones, dried blood clots, grass, hairs etc; by placing the torn and hanging pieces of muscles in their proper places, keeping the joints of bones and bones fractured in their normal positions and after the stoppage of bleeding; by making use of tendons of animals, threads of cotton, silk, flax etc. or inner fibres of bark of trees; Suturing being done neither very far apart nor very close, holding neither very much of the tissues nor very little. 52- 531/2. Page No. 335 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="456.8,762.6,514.5,762.5,514.5,776.8,514.5,776.9" i="#84595">Sutrasthan

b="229.2,228.2,239.1,228.2,238.9,241.9,238.9,242.0" i="#85012">be tied at all; during Grisma - summer and Sarat - autumn bandage should be removed in the evening and morning. 62 - 651/2. अबद्धो दंशमशकशीतवातादिपीडित: दुष्टीभवेच्चिरं चात्र न तिष्ठेत्स्नेहभेषजम् कृच्छ्रेण शुद्धिं रूढिं वा याति रूढो विवर्णताम् If the ulcer is not bandaged, it gets contaminated by the bite of mosquitoes, cold breeze etc., the fats and medicines applied to the ulcer do not stay on, the ulcer requires long time to become clean without pus etc. and get healed, and even after healing it will be discoloured the skin over the area does not get back the normal colour of the body. 66-67. बद्धस्तु चूर्णितो भग्नो विश्लिष्ट: पाटितो अपि वा छिन्नस्नायुसिरो अप्याशु सुखं संरोहति व्रणः उत्थानशयनाध्यासु सर्वेहासु न पीड्यते उद्वृत्तौष्ठः समुत्सन्नो विषमः कठिनो अतिरुक समो मृदुररुक् शीघ्रं व्रणः शुद्ध्यति रोहति Bandaging helps easy and quick healing of wounds in which the bones are found crushed or fractured, joints are dislocated, which are cut up by the physician, in which tendons and veins are severed, by bandaging there will be no pain during getting up, lying down and such other acts; swelling of the part of the body which are either uneven, hard and very painful or even soft, and painless - all become clean and heal quick. 69. स्थिराणामल्पमांसानां रौक्ष्यादनुपरोहताम् प्रच्छाद्यमौषधं पत्रैर्यथादोषं यथर्तु च अजीर्णतरुणाच्छिद्रैः समन्तात्सुनिवेशितै: धौतैरकर्कशो: क्षीरिभुर्जार्जुनकदम्बजैः Ulcers which are persisting long, which have very little of muscular tissue, which do not heal to dryness absence of moisture should be applied with medicines which are wrapped in leaves of trees, appropriate to the Doshas involved and the seasons; the leaves should not be ripened ones Page No. 338 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#85431">worms - bacteria ete. inside the ulcers which are not protected by bandaging, they - bacteria by devouring the tissues produce pain, swelling and bleeding; for washing and filling of such septic ulcers the drugs of Surasadigana - vide chapter 15 should be Rajadana prepared with cows urine should be applied, bathing the ulcer with solution of alkalies is beneficial or scarification of the muscle tissues, by these measures the worms - bacteria etc. should be removed out quick. 74 - 76. न चैनं त्वरमाणो अन्तः सदोषमुपहारयेत् सो अल्पेनाप्यपचारेण भूयो विकुरुते यतः Hasty healing of the ulcer which has residue of the Doshas inside, should not be attempted; for it will flare up greatly even with slight improper regimen. 77. रुढेअप्यजीर्णव्यायामव्यवायादीन् विवर्जयेत् हर्ष क्रोधं भयं चापि यावदास्थैर्यसम्भवात् आदारेणानुवर्त्यों अयं मासान् षट सप्त वा विधि: Page No. 339 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="48.1,565.8,77.9,565.9,78.2,578.6,78.2,578.6" i="#85849">Udara - ascites, enlargement of the abdomen Garavisha - chronic poisoning etc. Pratisarana Kshara Yogya - योज्य: साक्षान्मषश्वित्रबाहयार्शः कुष्ठसुप्तिषु भगन्दरार्बुदग्रन्थिदुष्टनाडीव्रणादिषु In the form direct application, Kshara can be used in Mashaka - moles - warts, Shvitra - leucoderma, Bahya Arsha - external piles, Page No. 341 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="48.8,595.4,96.2,595.4,95.7,608.7,95.7,608.5" i="#86241">(Banana), Paribhadraka, Ashvakarna, Mahavriksha, Palasha, Asphota, Vrikshaka, Indravriksha, Arka, Putika, Naktamala, Ashvamaraka, Kakajangha, Apamarga, Agnimantha, Agni or Tilvaka - are cut into small pieces and placed on clean stone slabs, separately, in heaps; similarly heaped. Pieces of the four kinds of Koshataki plants, the spikes and reeds of Yava (barley) plants are also Into the heap of Kalamushkaka, pieces of lime stone are put in. All the heaps are set on fire by making use of dried chaff of Tila plant (Sesame plant). After the heaps have been well burnt and fire has disappeared, one Drona (12,288 g) of ash of lime stone together with ash of Kalamushkaka and one and a quarter Drona (3072 g) of ash of others are taken, mixed together, dissolved well in half Bhara (48000 g) of water and cows urine separately, and filtered through a thick cloth till a slimy, reddish, clear and penetrating alkaline Page No. 343 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="122.7,510.4,131.2,510.4,131.2,524.6,131.2,524.6" i="#86672">as usual and used after a lapse of seven days. 20-21/2. Trividha Kshara Yojana - indications of three kinds of alkali :- तीक्ष्णो अनिलश्लेष्ममेदोजेष्वर्बुदादिषु मध्येष्वेष्वेव मध्योअन्यः पित्तास्रगुदजन्मसु बलार्थं क्षीनपानीये क्षाराम्बु पुनरावपेत् Teekshna Kshara - Alkali of strong potency should be used in diseases arising from Vata, Kapha, Medas - fat, Arbuda - cancerous growth and such others which are very difficult to cure, Madhyama Kshara - alkali of medium potency is useful in those diseases when they are of moderate strength, not very difficult to cure. Mrudu Kshara - Mild alkali is used In diseases arising from Pitta and Asra - Rakta and heamorrhoids, Page No. 344 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="203.7,98.3,222.2,98.3,221.8,113.0,221.8,113.1" i="#87086">pile mass is found concealed, it should be manipulated by the hand in such way as to place the alkali on them, inside the anal canal. In diseases of the eyelids, the lids are to be everted, the black area - cornea kept covered with cotton swab as protection and then alkali applied as thin as of a lotus petal to the interior of the lids. In cancer of the nose, the patient is made to sit facing the sun, the tip of the nose is raised up and alkali applied into the nostril and a time of fifty Matra Kala awaited; In case of piles, polyp of the ears also it shall be similar. 28 - 30. क्षारं प्रमार्जनेनानु परिमृज्यावगम्य च सुदग्धं घृतमध्वक्तं तत्पयोमस्तुकाञ्जिकै: निर्वापयेत्ततः साज्यैः स्वादुशीतैः प्रदेद्दयेत् अभिष्यन्दीनि भोज्यानि भोज्यानि क्लेदनाय च यदि च स्थिरमूलत्वात्क्षार दग्धं न शीर्यते धान्याम्लबीजयष्ट्यावतिलैरालेपयेत्ततः तिलकल्क: समधुको घृताक्तो व्रणरोपण: Afterwards the prescribed time the alkali is wiped off with a cotton swab etc. and perceiving that the site has been properly burnt by the alkali, a mixture of ghee and honey should be applied, made cool by pouring milk, whey or sour gruel, and then applying a paste of drugs of sweet taste and cold potency. The patient should consume foods which produce more secretions in the tissue cells in order to moisten the site of burn. If the site of the burn does not get torn from an ulcer because of being should be applied; deep rooted, then a paste of seed of Dhanyamala-(sour gruel), Yashti (licorice) and tila (sesame) तिलकल्क: समधुको घृताक्ता व्रणरोपणः । Paste of tila (sesame), and Madhuka mixed with ghee heals the ulcer. 31-33 /2 पक्वजम्ब्वसितं सन्नं सम्यग्दग्धम् विपर्यये ३४ ताम्रतातोदकण्डवाद्यैर्दुर्दग्धम् तं पुनर्दहेत् Symptoms of good burning due to Kshara - Attaining black color, similar to the ripe fruit of Jambu (Jamun fruit), depression of the site- are the feature of a samyag dagdha. The opposite of it, that is appearance of Tamravarna - coppery red color, pricking pain, itching ete. are the features of Durdagdha improper- inadequate burning, such an area should be burnt again. 34 Page No. 346 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

i="#87506">burning sensation, contraction of the nasal bridge and loss of sense of smell; similarly so in case of ears ete other sense organs. 35-37 विशेषादत्र सेको अम्लैलेंपो मधु घृत तिला: वातपित्तहरा चेष्टा सर्वैव शिशिरा क्रिया अम्लो हि शीत: स्पर्शेन क्षारस्तेनोपसंहित: यात्याशु स्वादुतां तस्मादम्लैनिर्वाप्येत्तराम् In such conditions, burning the part with sour fluids, applications of paste of honey, ghee and Tila activities- foods other comforts which mitigate Vata and Pitta and all others which produce cold, (sesame), should be adopted. As sour is cold to touch, combining with the Alkali it quickly attains the properties of sweet taste, hence the burn caused by Alkali should be washed with sour substances quickly. 38-39. विषाग्निशस्त्राशनिमृत्त्युतुल्यः क्षारो भवेदल्पमतिप्रयुक्त: स धीमता सम्यगनुप्रयुक्तो रोगान्निहन्यादचिरेण घोरान् Kshara administered by the physician of poor intellect is like death caused by poison, fire, sharp weapon, or thunderbolt; Whereas done properly by an intelligent physician it cures even dreaded diseases quickly. Agni karma- thermal cautery- branding :- अग्निः क्षारदपि श्रेष्ठस्तद्दग्धानामसम्भवात् भेषजक्षारशस्त्रैश्च न सिद्धानां प्रसाधनात् ४० Fire- thermal cautery is better than even the Kshara, for the diseases that are treated by Agnikarma do not recur and it can be used even in diseases which have not been successful treated by Drugs, Kshara or Shastrakarma (surgery). 40 Page No. 347 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

p="0.995" b="98.9,597.3,113.8,597.4,113.7,610.9,113.7,610.9" i="#87923">are suffering from severe wounds. 44 सुदग्धं घृतमध्वक्तं स्निग्धशीतैः प्रदेहयेत् The site which has been burnt properly - by fire should be given a coating of ghee and honey and an application of paste of drugs which are unctuous and cold in potency. (snigdha, sheeta) Page No. 348 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="248.4,407.4,300.6,407.4,299.9,422.5,299.9,422.5" i="#88335">therapeutic measures prescribed for Visarpa of Pitta origin should be done quickly. In case of burning by fats- hot oil, ghee etc, measures which are very dry- cause severe dryness should be adopted. 52 शस्त्रक्षाराग्नेयो यस्मान्मृत्यो: परममायुधम् अप्रमत्तो भिषक् तस्मात्तान् सम्यगवचारयेत् The knife, Alkali and fire are chief weapons of the lord of death; hence the physician should administer them with great care. Thus will be concluded, this section of Astanga Hrudaya which is full of secrets, for in it are codified all the chief doctrines which are described in detail everywhere - in the entire treatment. 53 Thus ends the chapter named Ksharagni Karma Vidhi- the thirtieth in Suthrasthana of Astangahrdaya Samhita. Page No. 350 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="153.5,495.0,162.2,495.0,162.2,508.3,162.2,508.3" i="#88755">of the books that can make you feel you've got the book that you were looking for, if you are interested in Ayurveda, Yoga, or traditional and ancient medicine. This can be also an ample help to anyone who wishes to know ideas of people of the . past, for appreciation, for critical reviews, research etc. (You may belong to general people, or doctor, or nurse, or anyone directly or indirectly involved in health care.) . It was written in the time of influence of Buddhism, the author has shown respect to Hindu and Buddhist ideals. · These ideas are similar to the ideas in different parts of the world in ancient times; these ideas represent a kind of summary of ancient human knowledge from all over the world. . Most of these ideas are very much useful even today. . Some of the ideas may sound uncomfortable or harmful to present day ideas. Some ideas are not found in practice these days, while some ideas are found practiced same as mentioned in the text, some are practiced with some modifications. . In some cases it is seen that one idea of an Ayurveda scholar may vary from that of another. Such issues used to be resolved by sambhasa or logical discussions. Page No. 351 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan

b="381.6,302.0,432.0,302.1,431.7,316.3,431.7,316.0" i="#89181">mistakenly unlisted lines . exist; but not all the original slokas in 'devnagari' are listed. . Most of the botanical/Latin/scientific names of species have not been italicized. (May be tried in next correction) . A usual mistake during translation can be like use of general male tone like using 'he' to denote a person. It can be boring to a feminist. If s/he wants to make the reading comfortable s/he can replace those terms by proper feminist or neutral pronoun, in most of the times as long as the meaning does not get distorted. Some of the ideas may just be focused from the point of view of males, it should not be bothered, but there are some separate sections in Ayurveda which focuses on Female and child health called Kaumarbhrittya. (In ancient Ayurveda the word Purusha denotes anyone (male or female) who is the subject under consideration. However, Purusha in Nepali or Hindi general term denotes to male.) . While using ideas in the book, it is good to take help from the Ayurveda scholar who has good level of knowledge and experience- so that we can prevent ourselves from wrong doing. . While compiling this book, immense help from following webs and blogs were taken. We are thankful to them. JV Hebber's Website http://www.learningayurveda.com/category/ashtanga- hrudaya/ Tania Anvar's Blog http://ahsutrasthana.blogspot.com Better authentic books are available in book stores or in internet. . This is just to share ideas, not to replace anything including professional advises or therapies. . If there is anything you could do to help us first would be sending your feedback/comment. It needs some correction, which will be possible by your guidance. . This is just an attempt to share knowledge. There can be some flaws which will be corrected in days to come, but there are a lot of interesting ideas in a simple English in this collection. Live happily. Keep smiling. Be positive. Try your best. Keep loving yourself and others. Page No. 352 Astanga Hridaya Sutrasthan