4. चतुर्थोऽध्यायः
चतुर्थोऽध्यायः
Verse १
पुरुषे ह वा अयमादितो गर्भो भवति यदेतद्रेतः।तदेतत्सर्वेभ्योऽङ्गेभ्यस्तेजः संभूतमात्मन्येवात्मानं बिभर्ति तद्यदा स्त्रियां सिञ्चत्यथैनज्जनयति तदस्य प्रथमं जन्म ॥
puruṣe ha vā ayamādito garbho bhavati yadetadretaḥ |tadetatsarvebhyo'ṅgebhyastejaḥ saṁbhūtamātmanyevātmānaṁ bibharti tadyadā striyāṁ siñcatyathainajjanayati tadasya prathamaṁ janma ||
In the male first the unborn child becometh. This which is seed is the force and heat of him that from all parts of the creature draweth together for becoming; therefore he beareth himself in himself, and when he casteth it into the woman, 'tis himself he begetteth. And this is the first birth of the Spirit. पुरुषे ह वै - puruṣe ha vai - in the male | आदितः - āditaḥ - first | गर्भः भवति - garbhaḥ bhavati - the unborn child becometh | अयम् यत् एतत् रेतः - ayam yat etat retaḥ - this which is seed | सर्वेभ्यः अङ्गेभ्यः - sarvebhyaḥ aṅgebhyaḥ - that from all parts of the creature | सम्भूतम् - sambhūtam - draweth together for becoming | आत्मानम् - ātmānam - himself | आत्मनि एव - ātmani eva - in himself | बिभर्ति - bibharti - therefore he beareth | यदा एनत् - yadā enat - when he | स्त्रियाम् - striyām - into the woman | सिञ्चति - siñcati - casteth it | अथ एनत् जनयति - atha enat janayati - 'tis himself he begetteth | तत् - tat - and this | अस्य - asya - of the Spirit | प्रथमम् जन्म - prathamam janma - is the first birth | Therefore His name is Idandra. He is verily known as Idandra. Although He is Idandra, they call Him indirectly Indra; for the gods are verily fond of indirect names, the gods are verily fond of indirect names.
पुरुष में ही सर्वप्रथम अजात शिशु (गर्भ) बनता है। यह जो रेतस् (वीर्य) है वह उसकी शक्ति एवं तेज है जो व्यक्ति के समस्त अंगों से एकत्रित होता है सम्भूति (बनने) के लिए; अतएव वह स्वयं को स्वयं में ही धारण करता है, और जब वह इसे स्त्री के अन्दर सिंचित करता है तब वह स्वयं को उत्पन्न करता है। और यह है 'परमात्म-चैतन्य' का प्रथम जन्म।
Verse २
तत्स्त्रिया आत्मभूयं गच्छति यथा स्वमङ्गं तथा।तस्मादेनां न हिनस्ति।साऽस्यैतमात्मानमत्र गतं भावयति ॥
tatstriyā ātmabhūyaṁ gacchati yathā svamaṅgaṁ tathā |tasmādenāṁ na hinasti |sā'syaitamātmānamatra gataṁ bhāvayati ||
It becometh one self with the woman, therefore it doeth her no hurt and she cherisheth this self of her husband that hath got into her womb. तत् - tat - it | स्त्रियाः - striyāḥ - with the woman | आत्मभूयम् गच्छति - ātmabhūyam gacchati - become one self | यथा - yathā - as | स्वम् अङ्गम् - svam aṅgam - its own limbs | तथा - tathā - in that way | तस्मात् - tasmāt - therefore | एनाम् न हिनस्ति - enām na hinasti - it doeth her no hurt | स - sa - she | अत्र गतम् - atra gatam - that hath got into her womb | अस्य - asya - of it (her husband) | एतम् आत्मानम् - etam ātmānam - this self | भावयति - bhāvayati - cherisheth | In man indeed is the soul first conceived. That which is the semen is extracted from all the limbs as their vigour. He holds that self of his in his own self. When he sheds it into his wife, then he procreates it. That is its first birth.
वह स्त्री के साथ एकात्म हो जाता है (ठीक वैसे ही जैसे उसका अपना ही अंग हो)* इसी कारण यह उस स्त्री को कोई पीड़ा नहीं देता है और वह अपने पति के इस आत्मरूप अंश का, जो उसके गर्भ में आ गया है, स्नेह से पोषण करती है।
Verse ३
सा भावयित्री भावयितव्या भवति।तं स्त्री गर्भ बिभर्ति। सोऽग्र एव कुमारं जन्मनोऽग्रेऽधिभावयति।स यत्कुमारं जन्मनोऽग्रेऽधिभावयत्यात्मानमेव तद्भावयत्येषं लोकानां सन्तत्या। एवं सन्तता हीमे लोकास्तदस्य द्वितीयं जन्म ॥
sā bhāvayitrī bhāvayitavyā bhavati | taṁ strī garbha bibharti | so'gra eva kumāraṁ janmano'gre'dhibhāvayati |sa yatkumāraṁ janmano'gre'dhibhāvayatyātmānameva tadbhāvayatyeṣaṁ lokānāṁ santatyā | evaṁ santatā hīme lokāstadasya dvitīyaṁ janma ||
She the cherisher must be cherished. So the woman beareth the unborn child and the man cherisheth the boy even from the beginning ere it is born. And whereas he cherisheth the boy ere it is born, 'tis verily himself that he cherisheth for the continuance of these worlds and their peoples; for 'tis even thus the thread of these worlds spinneth on unbroken. And this is the second birth of the Spirit. सा भावयित्री - sā bhāvayitrī - she the cherisher | भावयितव्या भवति - bhāvayitavyā bhavati - must be cherished | तम् गर्भम् - tam garbham - the unborn child | स्त्री बिभर्ति - strī bibharti - the woman beareth | सः - saḥ - the man | अग्रे जन्मनः अधि एव - agre janmanaḥ adhi eva - even from the beginning ere it is born | कुमारम् - kumāram - the boy | भावयति - bhāvayati - cherisheth | कुमारम् - kumāram - the boy | अग्रे जन्मनः अधि - agre janmanaḥ adhi - ere it is born | यत् सः भावयति - yat saḥ bhāvayati - whereas he cherisheth | तत् - tat - that | एषाम् लोकानाम् - eṣām lokānām - of these worlds and their peoples | सन्तत्यै - santatyai - for the continuance | आत्मानाम् हि - ātmānām hi - 'tis verily himself | भावयति - bhāvayati - that he cherisheth | एवम् हि - evam hi - for 'tis even thus | इमे लोकाः सन्तताः - ime lokāḥ santatāḥ - the thread of these worlds spinneth on unbroken | तत् - tat - this | अस्य - asya - of the Spirit | द्वितीयम् जन्म - dvitīyam janma - the second birth | That becomes non-different from the wife, just as much as her own limb is. Therefore (the foetus) does not hurt her. She nourishes this self of his that has entered here (in her womb).
वह स्नेहपूर्वक पोषण करने वाली स्त्री स्वयं स्नेहपूर्वक पोषणयोग्य बन जाती है। इस प्रकार स्त्री उस अजात शिशु (गर्भ) को धारण करती तथा पुरुष आरम्भ से ही, उसके जन्म के पूर्व से ही, उस बालक का पालन-पोषण करता है। और यद्यपि वह बालक का उसके जन्म के पूर्व से ही लालन-पालन करता है, वस्तुतः वह इन लोकों तथा उनकी प्रजाओं (सन्ततियों) के सातत्य के लिए स्वयं का ही पोषण करता है, कारण, इसी प्रकार इन लोकों का अविच्छिन्न सूत्र निरन्तर बुनता जाता है। और, यह है 'परमात्म-चैतन्य' का द्वितीय जन्म।
Verse ४
सोऽस्यायमात्मा पुण्येभ्यः कर्मभ्यः प्रतिधीयते।अथास्यायामितर आत्मा कृतकृत्यो वयोगतः प्रैति।स इतः प्रयन्नेव पुनर्जायते तदस्य तृतीयं जन्म ॥
so'syāyamātmā puṇyebhyaḥ karmabhyaḥ pratidhīyate |athāsyāyāmitara ātmā kṛtakṛtyo vayogataḥ praiti |sa itaḥ prayanneva punarjāyate tadasya tṛtīyaṁ janma ||
Lo this is the spirit and self of him and he maketh it his vicegerent for the works of righteousness. Now this his other self when it hath done the works it came to do and hath reached its age, lo! it goeth hence, and even as it departeth, it is born again. And this is the third birth of the Spirit. अस्य - asya - of him | अयम् आत्मा - ayam ātmā - this is the spirit and self | पुण्येभ्यः कर्मभ्यः - puṇyebhyaḥ karmabhyaḥ - for the works of righteousness | प्रतिधीयते - pratidhīyate - he maketh it his vicegerent | अथ - atha - now | अस्य - asya - his | अयम् इतरः आत्मा - ayam itaraḥ ātmā - this other self | कृतकृत्यः - kṛtakṛtyaḥ - when it hath done the works it came to do | वयोगतः - vayogataḥ - when it hath reached its age | प्रैति - praiti - it departeth | सः - saḥ - it | इतः - itaḥ - from here | प्रयन् एव - prayan eva - departing | पुनः जायते - punaḥ jāyate - it is born again | अस्य - asya - of the Spirit | तत् - tat - this | तृतीयम् जन्म - tṛtīyam janma - is the third birth | She, the nourisher, becomes fit to be nourished. The wife bears that embryo (before the birth). He (the father) protects the son at the very start, soon after his birth. That he protects the son at the very beginning, just after birth, thereby he protects his own self for the sake of the continuance of these worlds. For thus is the continuance of these worlds ensured. That is his second birth.
और, उसका ही यह आत्मरूप है और वह उसे पुण्य कर्मों के लिए अपना प्रतिनिधि बना देता है। अब उसका यह इतर आत्मरूप जब उन समस्त कर्मों को सम्पादित कर लेता है जिन्हें करने को वह आया था, तथा अपनी आयु पूर्ण कर चुकता है, तो वह यहाँ से चला जाता है, और यहाँ से प्रयाण करके भी वह पुनर्जन्म ग्रहण कर लेता है। और यह है 'परमात्म-चैतन्य' का तृतीय जन्म।
Verse ५
तदुक्तमृषिणा गर्भे नु सन्नन्वेषामवेदमहं देवानां जनिमानि विश्वा शतं मा पुर आयसीररक्शन्नधः श्येनो जवसा निरदीयमिति।गर्भ एवैतच्छयानो वामदेव एवमुवाच ॥
taduktamṛṣiṇā garbhe nu sannanveṣāmavedamahaṁ devānāṁ janimāni viśvā śataṁ mā pura āyasīrarakśannadhaḥ śyeno javasā niradīyamiti |garbha evaitacchayāno vāmadeva evamuvāca ||
Therefore it was said by the sage Vamadeva: “I, Vamadeva, being yet in the womb, knew all the births of these gods and their causes. In a hundred cities of iron they held me down and kept me; I broke through them all with might & violence, like a hawk I soared up into my heavens.” While yet he lay in the womb, thus said Vamadeva. तत् - tat - therefore | ऋषिणा - ṛṣiṇā - by the sage Vamadeva | उक्तम् - uktam - it was said | अहम् - aham - I, Vamadeva | गर्भे नु सन् - garbhe nu san - being yet in the womb | एषाम् देवानाम् - eṣām devānām - of these gods | विश्वा जनिमानि - viśvā janimāni - all the births and their causes | अनु अवेदम् - anu avedam - knew | शतम् आयसीः पुरः - śatam āyasīḥ puraḥ - in a hundred cities of iron | मा अधः अरक्षन् - mā adhaḥ arakṣan - they held me down and kept me | श्येनः इव - śyenaḥ iva - like a hawk (I soared up into my heavens) | जवसा - javasā - with might & violence | निरदीयम् इति - niradīyam iti - I broke through them all | एवम् इति एतत् - evam iti etat - | वामदेवः - vāmadevaḥ - Vamadeva | गर्भे एव शयानः - garbhe eva śayānaḥ - while yet he lay in the womb | उवाच - uvāca - thus said | This self of his (viz. the son) is substituted (by the father) for the performance of virtuous deeds. Then this other self of his (that is the father of the son), having got his duties ended and having advanced in age, departs. As soon as he departs, he takes birth again. That is his (i.e. the son's) third birth
इसलिए ऋषि वामदेव के द्वारा यह कहा गया थाː ''मैं, वामदेव, गर्भ में होते हुए भी, इन समस्त देवगणों के जन्म तथा उनके कारणों को जान गया। उन्होंने मुझे सौ लोहपुरियों में नीचे बन्दी बना कर रखा; मैंने शक्ति एवं प्रचण्डता से उन सबको भेद डाला, श्येन के समान अपने द्युलोकों में ऊँचा उड़ गया।'' गर्भ में लेटे-लेटे ही वामदेव ने ऐसा कहा।
Verse ६
स एवं विद्वानस्माच्छरीरभेदादूर्ध्व उत्क्रम्यामुष्मिन् स्वर्गे लोके सर्वान् कामानाप्त्वाऽमृतः समभवत् समभवत् ॥
sa evaṁ vidvānasmāccharīrabhedādūrdhva utkramyāmuṣmin svarge loke sarvān kāmānāptvā'mṛtaḥ samabhavat samabhavat ||
And because he knew this, therefore when the strings of the body were snapped asunder, lo he soared forth into yonder world of Paradise & there having possessed all desires, put death behind him, yea, he put death behind him. एवम् विद्वान् सः - evam vidvān saḥ - because he knew this | अस्मात् शरीरभेदात् - asmāt śarīrabhedāt - when the strings of the body were snapped asunder | ऊर्ध्वः उत्क्रम्य - ūrdhvaḥ utkramya - having soared forth high | सर्वान् कामान् आप्त्वा - sarvān kāmān āptvā - having possessed all desires | अमुष्मिन् स्वर्गे लोके - amuṣmin svarge loke - there in that yonder world of Paradise | अमृतः समभवत् - amṛtaḥ samabhavat - put death behind him or became immortal | This fact was stated by the seer (i.e. mantra): "Even while lying in the womb, I came to know of the birth of all the gods. A hundred iron citadels held me down. Then, like a hawk, I forced my way through by dint of knowledge of the Self". Vamadeva said this while still lying in the mother's womb.
और क्योंकि वे यह जानते थे, इसलिए जब शरीर के सूत्र छिन्न-भिन्न हो गये, तो वे उस स्वर्ग लोक में उत्क्रमण कर गये तथा वहाँ समस्त कामनाओं को प्राप्त करके, मृत्यु का अतिक्रमण कर लिया, हाँ, उन्होंने मृत्यु का पराभव कर दिया।