380. VRTTIS 383

VRTTIS 383

are indicative of madhurya, परुषा by letters indicative of ojas and komala (called ग्ाम्या by some) by letters other than those indicative of माधुर्य and ओोजस्. The काव्यप्रकाश notes that Vamana and others regard उपनागरिका, परुषा and कोमला as the three ritis respectively called वैदर्भी, गौडी, पाश्ाली (एतास्तिस्त्रो वृत्तयो वामनादीना मते वैदभी गौडी पाञ्चालाख्या रीतयो मताः। काव्यप्र. (IX. p. 498)· Rudrata (II. 4-6) speaks of four ritis वैदर्भी, पान्चाली, लाटीया and गौडीया based upon the absence of compounds or the presence of a few or many compounded words. Rudrata (II. 19) speaks of five वृत्तिs of अनुप्रास viz. मधुरा, प्रौढा, परुषा, ललिता and भद्ा, all of which are based on the employment of certain letters and conjunct consonants, and his मधुरा and षरुषा are like उपनागरिका and परुषा of काव्यप्रकाश. But रुद्रट's use of them is restricted to अनुप्रास alone. The ना्यशास्त्र (14.36) mentions four प्रवृत्तिs, आवन्ती, दाचिणा- त्या, पान्चाली, ओड्रमागधी and states that प्रवृत्ति1 is concerned with the dress, languages and manners of various countries and that the दाकियात्या प्रवृत्ति is constituted by plenty of dancing, singing and music and with Kaisiki and abhinaya of the limbs which is clever, pleasing and delicate. The सर. क. (II. 3) includes रीति and वृत्ति among the 24 sabdalankaras and then mentions six varieties of रीति (वैदर्भी, पाल्चाली, गौडीय।, आवन्तिका, लाटीया, मागधी) and six of वृत्ति (viz. कशिकी and the other three plus मध्यमारभटी and मध्यमकशिकी). In this welter of conflicting views I should like to quote the काव्यमी. (III. p. 9) 'तत्र वेषवि- न्यासक्रमः प्रवृत्तिः, विलासविन्यासक्रमो वृत्ति:, वचनविन्यासक्रमो रीतिः'. सागरनन्दिन् (ना. ल .र. को. p. 44) adopts the words विलास ... वृत्ति: and provides that भारतीवृत्ति is the anga of वैदर्भ, गौडीय and पाल्चाल ritis (p. 52, lines 1231-33), सात्वती is an anga of पाल्चाली (p. 55 line 1302), कैशिकी is an anga of वैदभी (p. 57 line 1346) and भारभटी of गौडी (p. 58 line 1325). The विष्युधर्मोत्तर (III. 20. 53-60) has to say that प्रवृत्तिs are the abode of वृत्तिs. Vide Dr. Raghavan on vrttis in J. O. R., Madras, vol. VI pp. 346-370, vol. VII pp. 33-52, pp. 91-112, in 'Some concepts &c.' pp. 182-190, 'Śrńgāraprakāśa' pp. 196-215 (for रीति, वृत्तिand प्रवृत्ति). For detailed discussion on ritis, vide I. H.

1. प्रवृत्तिरिति कस्माद। उच्यते पृथिव्यां नानादेशवेषभाषाचारवार्ताः ख्याप- यतीति प्रवृत्तिः। ... तत्र दाक्ियात्यास्तावद् बदुनृ ततगीतवाद्या कैशिकीप्रायाः चतुरमधुर- ललिताक्ञामिनयाक्ष। नाट्यशाख 14.p.165(Ch.ed.GOS=vol. II.p. 205, chap. 13 and K. M. ed. chap. 13 p. 216).